IOSR-JHSS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-12 ~ December. 2019

Abstract: This research was aim to describe the existing multicultral Indonesia in English textbooks, teachers and students' expectation toward learning materials based on Multicultural education for Indonesian Senior High School. This research design employed Research and Development (R&D) was supported by providing qualitative and quantitative with mixed method data analysis. The research results showed that: 1) Teachers and students had some expectations that English learning materials should be designed based on multicultural education, and 2) Indonesian cultural themes were very infrequent in existing English textbooks used. Based on the research results, researcher concluded that the development of English textbooks based on multicultural education for Indonesian Senior High School is urgent to be designed.

Keywords: Multicultural education, expectation, Textbook

[1]. Arifin, A., Haryanto, H., Basri, M., & Ansari, A. (2018, November). Multicultural Approach in Developing Instructional Learning Material at Indonesian Senior High School. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 65th TEFLIN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (Vol. 65, No. 02).Banks, J. A. (1997). Educating Citizens in a Multicultural Society. Multicultural Education Series. Language teachers College Press, 1234 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027 (paperback: ISBN-0-8077-3631-7; clothbound: ISBN-0-8077-3632-5).
[2]. Banks, J.A. (1999). An Introduction to Multicultural Education (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
[3]. Banks, J. A. (2002). An introduction to multicultural education (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
[4]. Banks, J. A. (Ed.). (2004). Diversity and Citizenship Education: Global Perspective.
[5]. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Abstract: 1999 is historic in the political landmark of Nigeria because it marked the transition from military rule to civilian democratic rule in Nigeria. By implications, it means that the military with their tyrannical tendencies would cease from being the instrument for governance in the country. This is because, democracy is widely perceived as the best form and system of government that provides a framework for expressing one fundamental rights ranging from the rights to association, expression and worship among others. Its values are found on how it provides social services to the people while promoting healthy relationship between Muslim and Christian faithful that made Ebonyi State one of the states in Southeastern Nigeria that has had religious tolerance despite its Islamic conflagration. Against this background, this paper examines the pattern of this cooperation that has been found on constructive......

Keywords:Democracy, Change, World, Philosophy, Metropolis

[1]. U. B. Obo, Democracy in Nigeria: Government of Whom, By Whom and For Whom? African Journal of Political and Administrative Studies, Vol. No.1, Abakaliki, 2004, p. 163.
[2]. A. S. Amiara and I. K. Nwokike, Traditional Conflict Management Strategies Among The Abakaliki Igbo, 1850-1970, Afro-Asian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. IX, No, II, Quarters, ISSI: 2229-5313, in http://www.onlineResearchjournal.com, 2018, p. 2.
[3]. C.O. Mgbada, Who are the Abakaliki People? A Study in the Origins, Migrations and Settlement of Nigerian Peoples, in C. O. Mgbada and C. U. N. Ugoh (eds), Issues in Nigerian Peoples and Culture, Vol. one, Enugu, PAQON(Press) Services, 2004, p. 38.
[4]. I. Nwanaju, Christian-Muslim Relations in Abakaliki, Ikeja, Free Enterprise Pub, 2005, pp. 121-147.
[5]. N. O. Badmus Abdul Azeez, Perspective in the Advent, Spread and Consolidation of Islam in Igboland, The Role of Jihad and Jihadists, Pub., 2010.

Abstract: East Nusa Tenggara has become a melting pot of 16 large ethnic groups identified and 33 sub-ethnic groups living and developing in this archipelago province. One of a number of ethnic smelters in East Nusa Tenggara is the University of Nusa Cendana (UNDANA). This study aims to conduct a survey of sociogram distances or social distances among ethnic students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Teaching and Education Science, Undana. This study program is classified with the most students. Up to the initial survey the number of students of this study program reached 716 people. The results of the research is to find out the social distance between the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Teaching and Education.......

Keywords: social distance, ethnicity, exclusivity, ethnic diversity

[1]. Creswell, J.W.2010. Research Design: Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
[2]. Larry A. Samovar, dkk. 2010. Komunikasi Lintas Budaya. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
[3]. Madison. D.S. 2005.Critical Ethnography: Method, Ethics, and Perfomance.United States of America: Library of Conggres Cataloging in Publication Data.
[4]. Parekh, Bhikhu. 2008. Rethinking Multicuturalism. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
[5]. P. Spradley. 2006. Metode Etnografi. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.

Abstract: Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are informal associations of people who choose to come together to find ways to improve their living conditions. A SHG is an informal association to enhance the member‟s financial security as primary focus and other common interest of members such as area development, awareness, motivation, leadership, training and associating in other social inter-mediation programmes for the benefit of the entire community. The present study has surveyed the SHGs run by SKDRDP and SHGs of Stree Shakti (programme) Groups in Holalkere and Chitradurga taluks.The study reported that SKDRDP and SHGs of Stree Shakti are playing vital role in the formation of SHG and motivating women to join the group

Keywords: SKDRDP and SHGs of Stree Shakti playing vital role.

[1]. Ahmed. M.Aziz women empowerment self-help group Kurukshetra
[2]. District censu handbook chitradurga,2011,directorate of census operations Karnataka,
[3]. MYRADA 2002 Impact of self help group (Group process) on the social / Empowerment status of women members in southern India.
[4]. NABARAD. 1992 Guidelines for the pilot project for linking banks with self help groups.
[5]. Singh Katar, "Rural Development principles, practice and management "Sage publications, New Delhi 1986.

Abstract: The Nigerian economy possesses one of the largest internal markets in the world. With a growing population of over 193 million, the economy presents huge opportunity for market seeking investments. The Ease of Doing Business Report is an index, developed by the World Bank, that scores and ranks countries based on how easy it is to set up and operate a business there. Ease of doing business in Nigeria most especially foreign direct investment (FDI) has been very poor most especially in manufacturing and production sectors of the economy largely as a result of poor infrastructure, corruption and multiplicity of taxation; and especially, the challenges of insecurity, despite government reform that has seen some progress. The paper examine government efforts at improving the ease of doing business in Nigeria, bearing in mind the government policies, reforms, implementing and regulating agencies and the impact of the environment on the ease of doing business in terms of socio-political and security....

Keywords: Economy, Ease of Doing Business, Decision Making Theory, Security Challenges, Political Corruption

[1]. Achumba, I. C., Ighomereho, O. S. & Akpor-Robaro, M. O. M. (2013). Security Challenges in Nigeria and the Implications for Business Activities and Sustainable Development. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 4(2), 79-99.
[2]. Ardagna & Lusagi (2009). Heterogeneity in the Effect of Regulation on Entrepreneurship and Entry Size. Journal of the European Economic Association, 8(2-3), 594-605.
[3]. Ashraf, S.E. S. (2013). Assessing the Impact of Doing Business Indicators on the GDP Growth in Egypt. International Journal of Research In Social Sciences, 3(4), 32-52.
[4]. Banwo & Ighodalo (n.d.). Regulatory Regimes and the Ease of Doing Business in Nigeria.
[5]. Durojaye, E. (n.d.). Ease of Doing Business in Nigeria: Recent Changes in Incorporation Process. www.advocaat-law.com.

Abstract: Il existe aujourd'hui un intérêt mondial autour de l'importance de l'éducation à l'art, qui fait désormais l'objet de discours consensuels parmi tous les acteurs de la société. L'art à l'école,contribue à la formation seyante de la personne, puisqu'il réunit des dimensions que la tradition scolaire avait du mal à concilier : l'intelligible et le sensible.Par ailleurs, l'entrée en vigueur de l'art à l'école, la promiscuité entre deux mondes et leurs acteurs, reposent sur des objectifs pédagogiques précis. Par conséquent, un ensemble varié de situations d'apprentissage est nécessaire dans lesquelles les contextes et les cadres doivent être propices.Ce quisoulève des questions du côté de la transmission......

[1]. ARBORIO, A.-M. Fournier, P. (1999). L'Enquête et ses méthodes. L'observation directe, Paris, Nathan.
[2]. BARDIN, L. (1998). L'analyse de contenu. 9e éd. Paris, PUF.
[3]. COUSINET, R. L'éducation nouvelle (1951). Neuchâtel et Paris, Delachaux et Niestlé.
[4]. FERRIERE, A. (1922). L'école active, 2 vol., Neuchâtel et Genève, Editions Forum, (traduit en roumain, espagnol, italien, allemand serbe, japonais, portugais, anglais, urdu et hindi) ; nouvelle éd. complètement refondue, 1946.
[5]. KERLAN, A. (2017). L'éducation artistique et culturelle, entre utopie et hétérotopie. Éléments de généalogie, Quaderni, 92, 13-26. doi : https://www.cairn.info/revue-quaderni-2017-1-page-13.htm

Abstract: The Government recognizes pre-school education as one of the educational cycles which can lay a firm, healthy foundation for children during the formative years. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of instructional materials on children's acquisition of science skills in pre-primary schools in Tharaka North Sub- County, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. This study was based on Active learning theory by Lev Vygotsky. This study utilized a mixed methodology entailing qualitative and quantitative. The target population in this study was 1780 subjects comprising 95 early childhood teachers, 95 head teachers and 1590 pre-school children. Using stratified random sampling the researcher selected 10 teachers from the zones accounting for 10% representation of the target population making a total of ten, the sample of teachers. The instruments for data collection were questionnaires for teachers and head teachers and observation checklist for the children. Piloting of the instruments was....

[1]. Copple, C. and Bredekamp, S. (2009). Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth through Age 8. 3rd ed. Washington, D C: NAEYC.
[2]. Kato, T. &Meeteren, B. (2008). Teaching Strategies: Physical Science in Constructivist Early Childhood Classrooms. Childhood Education, 84(4), 234-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00094056.2008.10523015
[3]. Khatete, I. (2010). Extent of utilization of education commissions' recommendations in planning quality education in primary schools in Kenya (1988 to 2009) (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi, Kenya).
[4]. Linn, V. & Jacobs, G. (2015). Inquiry-Based Field Experiences: Transforming Early Childhood Teacher Candidates' Effectiveness. Journal Of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 36(4), 272-288. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1080/10901027.2015.
[5]. Lumuli, J. (2009). The status of finger millet production in western Kenya. In 9th African Crop Science, Conference Proceedings, Cape Town, South Africa, 28 September-2 October 2009 (pp. 719-723). African Crop Science Society.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the presence of violence and bullying in university students, in addition to the differences in gender, age and career. Results: The prevalence of violence was 48% and 24% bullying, the most frequent types of violence were verbal abuse, cyberbullying and social exclusion, boys scored higher in the different types of violence and bullying, also Culture students Physics and Sports showed higher figures compared to those of Dentistry and Nutrition. Conclusions: Violence and bullying are frequent practices in university students and can generate low academic performance, desertion and other effects that affect the health and well-being of students.

Keywords: Violence, bullying, university students

[1]. Adams, F.D. & Lawrence, G.J. (2011). "Bullying Victims: The Effects Last Into College", American Secondary Education, 40(1), 4-11.
[2]. Alzahrani, H.A. (2012). "Bullying among medical students in a Saudi medical school", BMC Research Notes, 5, 335.
[3]. Cajigas, N., Kahan, E., Luzardo, M., Najson, S., Ugo, M. &Zamalvide, L. (2006). Agresión entre pares (bullying) en un centroeducativo de Montevideo: Estudio de las frecuencias de los estudiantes de mayor riesgo. RevistaMédica del Uruguay, 22, 143-151.
[4]. Castillo, M. (2013). Manifestaciones de la Conducta de Agresiónen el Contexto Universitario, Archivos, 11(1).
[5]. Cerezo, F. (2001). Variables de personalidadasociadas a la dinámica bullying. (Agresores versus víctimas) enniños y niñas de 10 a 15 años. Anales de Psicología, 17 (1), 37-44..

Abstract: A cooperation agreement is a legal relationship between two or more parties based on the word agreed to cause legal consequences. As a treaty can be bound to the provisions of the Civil Code on the agreement of article 1313, the validity of article 1320 and the freedom of contracting article 1338. According to article 1313 Civil Code, deeds with which one or more persons bind themselves to one or more others. From this event, there arose a legal relationship between two or more persons called the Alliance in which there were the rights and obligations of each Party. The government agreement of Banda ACEH gave permission to the second party, namely PT. Putera Aceh Semesta for the building of shops on the land of Banda Aceh City with the letter of the building and renting agreement. This type of approach is the normative and empirical approach of the juridical method, which emphasizes legislation and regulations and legal norms that are relevant to this issue. The results of this research show that the legal relationship of Banda Aceh city with PT Putera Aceh Semesta is based on lease agreement with number......

Keywords: Cooperation Agreements, Asset Utilization, Market

[1]. Ragawino, Bewa. Desentralisasi Dalam Kerangka Otonomi Daerah di Indonesia. Bandung : UNPAD, 2003. p. 7.
[2]. ND, Mukti Fajar. Yulianto Achmad, Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Empiris. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Plaja, 2010. p. 34.
[3]. Prabandari, Retno. Jenis-jenis Perjanjian Sebagai Dasar Hukum Dalam Pengalihan Hak Guna Bangunan Objek Hak Tanggungan. Semarang : Tess, Universitas Diponegoro, 2007. p. i.
[4]. Miru, Ahmadi. Hukum Kontrak & Perancangan Kontrak. Jakarta : Raja Grafindo Persada, 2013. p. 1.
[5]. Prodjodikoro, Wirjono. Hukum Perdata Tentang Persetujuan Tertentu. Bandung : Sumur Bandung, 1995. p. 19.

Abstract: Since the terrorist attacks against the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11,2001, an entire policy community in the U.S. is dedicated to the difficult aim of gathering intelligence in order to predict the behavior of international actors. Estimating national leaders' policies during times of crisis is a primary focus of analysts, but the task is difficult due to the wide range of potential policies. The poliheuristic theory appears to hold the potential to improve the precision with which analysts forecast leaders' decisions. The theory's identification of a noncompensatory decision rule enables the dismissal of many possible alternatives that fail to satisfy the leader's domestic political criteria, reducing the uncertainty associated with predicting potential decisions. This paper contends that the poliheuristic theory is a useful approach for analysts trying to forecast leaders' decisions. As an example of the theory's utility, this study examines President Carter's policy vis-à-vis the Iranian hostage crisis....

Keywords: Poliheuristic theory, International crises, Leader decision-making, Policy prediction

[1]. Astorino-Courtois, A., & B. Trusty (2000) ''Degrees of Difficulty: The Effect of Israeli Policy Shifts on Syrian Peace Decisions.'' Journal of Conflict Resolution 44:359–377.
[2]. Boettcher, W. (1995) ''Context, Methods, and Numbers: Prospect Theory in International Relations.'' Journal of Conflict Resolution 39:561–583.
[3]. Bueno de Mesquita, B. (1981) The War Trap. New Haven: Yale University Press.
[4]. Bueno de Mesquita, B. (1984) ''Forecasting Policy Decisions: An Expected Utility Approach to Post- Khomeini Iran.'' Political Science 17:226–236.
[5]. Bueno de Mesquita, B. (1985) ''The War Trap Revisited.'' American Political Science Review 79:156–173..