IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2021

Abstract: This work examines politics of vote buying with a view to discussing the Causes, impact and Solutions. The National Integration otherwise known as National Unity of any nation is a function of genuine policy of government that is expected to display high sense of indices of acceptable governance such as: transparency, accountability, responsiveness, efficiency and effectiveness, popular participation, service delivery, zero tolerance to corruption and so on. Paradoxically, the reverse has always been the case with Nigeria. Verily, every Nigerian is adversely affected by Nigerian factors which are predicated on corruption, greed, selfishness among others. As a corollary, the much expected dividends of democracy is nothing but a ruse. The work relies on both primary and secondary.....

Keywords: Vote-Buying, Election frauds, Politics, Good Governance and National Integration

[1]. Afigbo, P. (1989) British Colonial Administration in Nigeria. Lagos: Heinemann
[2]. Anwuna, P. A. (2007) The Nigeria-Biafra War (1967-1970): My Memoirs. Ibadan: Spectrum Books.
[3]. Ayah, S. O. (1999) International Organizations. Enugu: Jamoe Enterprises
[4]. Ayo, D. (2007) "Ethnicity, Political Stability and Economic Development in Africa" in "Conflict Resolution, Identity Crisis and Development in Africa". Celestine, Bassey and Oshita, Oshita (eds). Abuja: Malthouse Press Limited.
[5]. Burkhalter, H. (1993) Ethnic Militia in the Niger Delta. London: Oxford University Press.

Abstract: Urbanization is now the burning issue in all over the world and it related to the key dimensions to the pattern of economic activities. The present paper deals with spatial pattern and process of urbanisation as well as employment structure in West Bengal. The decadal growth rate of urban population was 28 % and 32% population is residing in urban areas that ranks fourth highest urbanised state in the country according census, 2011. The level of urbanisation, decadal growth rate of urbainisation, urban- rural differential growth rate and urban- rural ratio have been applied to show the pattern of urbanisation in the state. The urban population is more concentrated in Kolkata and neighbouring districts than other part of the study area, but decadal growth rate of urban population is lower.....

Key Word: Level of urbanisation, U-R differential growth, location quotient, employment structure

[1]. Auddya, R. (1991). Urbanization in Asansol: An Impact Assesment. Population, 262188.
[2]. Bagch, E., Chatterjee, K. (2015). Nature of the process of urbanisation in South 24 Parganas District of West Bengal, India: a Spatio-temporal Analysis. Arch. Appl. Sci. Res. 7 (5), 73–90. [3]. Bhatta, B. (2009). Spatio-temporal analysis to detect urban sprawl using geoinformatics: a case study of Kolkata. In Proceedings of the 7th All India Peoples' Technology Congress, Kolkata, India, 6-7. [4]. Chatterjee, A., & Ayadi, O. F. (2001). Urbanization and Economic Growth in West Bengal. Bengal Studies: A Collection of Essays, 241. [5]. Chatterjee, M. (2016). Small and medium towns in West Bengal: Issues in urban governance and planning. IASSI Quarterly, 35(3/4), 353-370..

Abstract:India is constituted as a secular state according to the amendment of 1957. Even before this amendment came into being, the country has evolved in a secular path by the diverse efforts of various leaders during the Independence movement. The vision of these leaders for the country has been void of all the differences that lie within the boundary of the nation. During the freedom struggle, secularism was emerging as the most dominant principle. The leaders of the Indian National Congress: Gandhi, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Nehru and others were deeply committed to the ideal of secularism, though each expressed it in very different manners. Secularism became the mantra of the Indian nation, a nation exhausted by partition and sectarian riots and above all the assassination of Gandhiji, did not want any more divisive talk. The founding fathers represented the aspirations of the different sections of society and it is due to the struggles of these different people that secular principles got enshrined into the Indian constitution.
Under Jawaharlal Nehru and later under his......

[1]. Nasrin, Taslima. Lajja. Penguin Books India. New Delhi. 1994. Print.

Abstract: In the current paper we give a persistent effort to emphasize on the clear present threat posed by Turkey's Neo-Ottoman Islamic and revisionist role for the Geopolitical Complex of (Middle-East / Balkans / Caucasus).Furthermore, we try and make it abundantly clear that any abandonment of the Greece-Cyprus dipole of Hellenism, which is staunchly protecting Western interests over and across three continents and with such interests firmly grounded on the principles of the civil, pluralistic, European Democracy and Civilization, will deliver the most significant blow to these very Western Interests. A blow, which in fact is using as its "stabbing knife" Islamist Turkey, which has submitted and succumbed to the Organization of the "Muslim Brotherhood", as well as to the fascist Turkish group of the "Grey Wolves", two groups which they are both off-springs of International Fascism, work in perfect harmony together.....

Key-words: Geopolitics, MED-MENA Balkans, Muslim Brotherhood, TurkishIslamism, Panturanism, Antisemitism, Turkish proxy jihadists, Greece-Cyprus-Turkey antagonism

[1]. Ahmet Davutoğlu, Stratejik Derinlik: Türkiye'nin Uluslararası Konumu, Küre Yayınları, İstanbul 2001/2004 (18th edition).
[2]. Ahmet Davutoğlu, "The Clash of Interests: An Explanation of the World (Dis)Order", Perceptions Journal of International Affairs, Dec. 1997-Feb. 1998, vol. 2, no.4.
[3]. Αl Arabiyia Institute for Studies, "Libyan Dawn: Map of allies and enemies", 25 August 2014.
[4]. Cmp. L. Massignon. 1959. L'Ummah et ses synonymes: notion de communauté sociale en Islam. REI (1941–1946), 151ff.
[5]. Engin Yüksel, [Associate Fellow at the Clingendael Institute]. "Strategies of Turkish proxy warfare in northern Syria". November 2019, The Clingendael Institute, P.O. Box 93080, 2509 AB The Hague, The Netherlands..

Abstract: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is global prodigy which cuts across all status boundaries ranging from social, economic, cultural and political. This has continued to affect pupils on a daily basis. Even though the present prevalent appraisals of CSA are based on official data sources e.g., Social welfare, children office, governmental institutions and rescue centers, these appraisals only account for corroborated or reported cases leaving behind the unreported cases especially in the rural areas.Part of the antagonistic impinge of CSA are the avoidant coping stratagem like depression, attempted suicide, substance use, high sexual desires or hyposexuality. The study concentrated on the etiology of child.......

Key Word: Parental negligence, Single parenthood, Orphanage and Poverty.

[1]. Anderson, S. (Ed.). (2017). The Souls of Poor Folk: A Preliminary Report (pp. 8-13, Rep.). Institute for Policy Studies. doi:10.2307/resrep27071.5
[2]. Alicia Perez-Albeniz, Joaquin De Paul, (2006) Empathy and risk status for child physical abuse: the effects of an adult victim's pain cues and an adult victim's intent on aggression. Aggressive Behavior 32:5, pages 421-432.
[3]. Browning, C., Dirlam, J., & Boettner, B. (2016). From Heterogeneity to Concentration: Latino Immigrant Neighborhoods and Collective Efficacy Perceptions in Los Angeles and Chicago. Social Forces, 95(2), 779-807. Retrieved January 14, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/26166850
[4]. Carol Bower. (2003). The Relationship between Child Abuse and Poverty. Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity, (56), 84-87. doi:10.2307/4066368
[5]. Dolores Seijo, María J. Vázquez, Raquel Gallego, Yurena Gancedo, Mercedes Novo, (2020) Adolescent-to-Parent Violence: Psychological and Family Adjustment. Frontiers in Psychology 11..

Abstract: Ken Saro-Wiwa is famous for his literary works and activities as an environmental rights activist. One dominant theme in some of his works is internal colonialism. He describes the Nigerian State as promoting economic strangulation, political marginalization and environmental degradation (in a manner and on a scale that is tantamount to ecoterrorism) of some groups or communities, all of which are by-products of a deeply entrenched phenomenon of internal colonialism. He also identifies the superimposition of a unitary system on a federal state structure as a major undoing of the Nigerian state. Following from that, he recommends what he calls "erectism" as a suitable model of political and fiscal governance for a multi-ethnic state such as Nigeria. This work adopts a constructivist.....

Key Word: Internal Colonialism, Saro-Wiwa, Erectism, Control, political Marginalization, Economic Exploitation, and ecological degradation

[1]. 'Addendum to the Ogoni bill of rights,' cited in Ken Saro-Wiwa, A month and a day: A detention diary. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited, 1995.
[2]. Asirvatham, Eddy and K.K. Misra. Political theory. New Delhi: S Chand & Company Ltd., 2005.
[3]. Fagothey, Austin. Right and reason: Ethics in theory and practice. Saint Louis: The C.V. Mosby Company, 1976.
[4]. Lloyd, Dennis. The idea of law, reprinted 1991. London: Penguin Books, 1964.
[5]. Moore, Brooke Noel and Kenneth Bruder. Philosophy: The power of ideas, 5th edition (New York, etc: McGraw-Hill, 1990.

Abstract: The states considered like Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand & West Bengal with the 11 variables like Rate of Environment Offences in 2017-18(X1), Total Persons Arrested in 2017(X2), Total Persons Charge sheeted in 2017(X3), Rate of Crime Registered in GRP during 2017-18(X4), Total Number of Cases Reported(X5), Total number of extremist crime recorded in 2017-18(X6), Total number of Police Cases for Investigation(X7), Total number of police cases with final report during 2017-18 (X8), Total Cases Disposed Off by Police in 2017-18 (X9), Value of Property – Stolen during 2015-16(X10), 2016-17(X11) & 2017-18(X12) has been considered to rank the states based on crime. The states have also been grouped using cluster analysis.

Key Word: ranking, clustering, rank sum, z-score, paired t-test.

[1]. Agarwal, J et al (2013): Crime Analysis using K-Means Clustering, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975–8887) Volume 83 – No 4, December 2013
[2]. Benjamin, H, Fredrick David and A. Suruliandi(2017): SURVEY ON CRIME ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION USING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES; ICTACT JOURNAL ON SOFT COMPUTING, VOLUME: 07, ISSUE: 03
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[5]. Gupta, M, Chandra, B and Gupta, M. P. (2007): Crime Data Mining for Indian Police Information System.

Abstract: 1955 ਵ ਿੱਚ ਜਨਮੇ ਤੇ ਵਿਿੰਦੀ ਸਾਵਿਤ ਜਗਤ ਵ ਿੱਚ ਡਾ.ਅਗਨੀਸੇਖ਼ਰ ਦੇ ਨਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਜਾਣੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਡਾ.ਕੁਲਦੀਪ ਸੁਿੰਬਲੀ ਨਾ ਤਾਂ ਕਸਮੀਰ ਦੀ ਵਸਆਸਤ ਵ ਿੱਚ ਵਕਸੇ ਜਾਣ-ਪਛਾਣ ਦੇ ਮੁਿਤਾਜ ਨੇ ਤੇ ਨਾ ਿੀ ਵਿਿੰਦੀ ਸਾਵਿਤ ਵ ਿੱਚ। ਵਸਆਸਤ ਦੇ ਖੇਤਰ ਵ ਿੱਚ ਉਿ ਦਸਿੰਬਰ,1990 ਵ ਿੱਚ ਿੋਂਦ 'ਚ ਆਏ ਕਸਮੀਰੀ ਪਿੰਵਡਤ ਨ ੈੱਟ ਰਕ ਿੱਲੋਂ ਘਵਿਤ 'ਪਨੁਨ ਕਸਮੀਰ' ਦੇ ਕਨ ੀਨਰ ਿਨ।'ਪਨੁਨ ਕਸਮੀਰ' (ਸਾਡਾ ਕਸਮੀਰ) ਕਸਮੀਰ ਘਾਟੀ ਵ ਿੱਚ ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਪਰਸਤਾਵ ਤ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਸਾਵਸਤ ਪਰਦੇਸ ਿੈ,ਵਜਸਦਾ ਉਦੇਸ ਕਸਮੀਰੀ ਵਿਿੰਦੂਆਂ ਲਈ ਇਿੱਕ ਤਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ ਿੈ।'ਪਨੁਨ ਕਸਮੀਰ' ਦਾ ਸਿੰਕਲਪ ਉਦੋਂ ਘਵਿਆ ਵਗਆ,ਜਦੋਂ ਕਸਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਇਸਲਾਮੀਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਯਤਨ ਸੁਰੂ ਿੋਏ ਤਾਂ JKLF ਿੱਲੋਂ ਕਸਮੀਰ ਦੇ ਵਿਿੰਦੂਆਂ ਨੂਿੰ ਟਾਰਗੇਟ ਕੀਤਾ ਵਗਆ ।......

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2. ਅਗਨੀਸੇਖ਼ਰ,ਜ ਾਿਰ ਟਨਲ,ਪੋਵਪਿੰਦਰ ਵਸਿੰਘ ਪਾਰਸ(ਅਨ.),ਪਿੰਨਾ16-17.
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