IOSR-JHSS   Volume-30 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2025

Abstract: This research explores the Netflix adult animated sitcom BoJack Horseman through the lens of realism, humour and mental health. Using a qualitative framework-based content analysis, nine episodes across six seasons were purposively selected for in-depth study. The selection focused on scenes that exemplify everyday human struggles, employ humour as a narrative tool, or depict mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety and trauma. The study applies theoretical frameworks of hyperreality and social realism to examine how the series mirrors authentic adult experiences, illustrating failed relationships....

Keywords: BoJack Horseman, realism, humour, mental health, adult animated sitcom, content analysis, television studies.

[1]. Baliramo, A. (2008). Semiotic Analysis Of Humour In Television Advertisements. Journal Of Media Studies, 10(3), 45–60. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/1234567890
[2]. Boorse, C. (1976). Medical Ethics And The Concept Of Disease. The Journal Of Medicine And Philosophy, 1(1), 56–60. Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Jmp/1.1.56
[3]. Borin Chap, M. (2019). Mental Health Narratives In Animated Series: A Case Study Of Bojack Horseman. Journal Of Animation Studies, 15(1), 78–92. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/9876543210
[4]. Chater, A. (2015). A Show Within A Show: Bojack Horseman And Meta-Narratives In Animation. Animation Journal, 23(2), 34–50.
[5]. Indie Wire. (2020). Bojack Horseman: An Animated Series That Redefined Television Storytelling. Https://Www.Indiewire.Com/2020/Bojack-Horseman-Review

Abstract: The rapid expansion of digital technology and social media in Nigeria has fundamentally reshaped how young people engage with morality, success, and social belonging. In a society marked by economic precarity and institutional distrust, the internet has emerged as both a stage for self-presentation and a site of moral experimentation. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter) have become key spaces where Nigerian youths negotiate visibility, recognition, and legitimacy. However, alongside the liberatory potential of digital participation, these platforms also foster forms of imitation and moral contagion that blur the boundary between ethical ambition and deviant aspiration.

[1]. Adeduntan, A. (2020). Digital Hustlers: Visibility, Social Capital, And The Politics Of Aspiration In Nigeria’s Online Spaces. Journal Of African Cultural Studies, 32(4), 457–472.
[2]. Adegoke, Y. (2018). The Spectacle Of Hustle: Youth, Media, And Moral Performance In Nigeria. African Affairs, 117(466), 623–642.
[3]. Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions Of Globalization. University Of Minnesota Press.
[4]. Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid Modernity. Polity Press.
[5]. Baym, N. K. (2015). Personal Connections In The Digital Age (2nd Ed.). Polity Press.

Abstract: This study aims to identify and document the cultural assets present at the ancient Minna Hill settlement that can be leveraged for tourism development in Niger State, Nigeria. To achieve the above objective, a qualitative research design was employed, and five respondents who are descendants of ancient Minna hill inhabitants, were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection in this research was conducted through individual interviews and follow-up interviews (where necessary), observations, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection, and where there were grey areas, additional......

Key Word: Cultural Capital, Tourism Development, Minna Hill.

[1]. Abah, N., Adah, T., Chikelo, R. & Chinelo, D. (2020). "Zuma Rock Losing Its Face". Leadership. Archived From The Original On 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2016-11-19.
[2]. Adamu, A., Abe, O. M., & Yahaya, B. (2025). The Foundation Of Infrastructure Development In Minna Town Before 1976. International Journal Of African Development And Sustainable Research. DOI: 10.70382/Nijadsr. V7i2.010.
[3]. Adamu, S., Bello, A., Yusuf, D. A., Balaya, N. S., & Saleh, T. K. (2024). Conservation Guidelines And Techniques For Historic Urban Landscapes: Promoting Cultural Tourism In Kano Ancient City. Tour. Spectr. Div. Dyn., 1(1), 25-39.
Https://Doi.Org/10.56578/Tsdd010103.
[4]. Adeyemi, A., & Bappah, B. A. (2021). Conservation Of Kano Ancient City Wall And Gates: Problems And Prospects In Nigeria. Journal Of Environmental Issues And Agriculture In Developing Countries, Vol. 3(2).
[5]. Anosike, M. U., Amadi, E. C., & Ubah, C.N. (2025). Cultural Festivals And Sustainable Tourism Indicators In Imo State, Nigeria. International Journal Of African Research Sustainability Studies, 7(2). Https://Doi.Org/10.70382/Caijarss.V7i2.006

Abstract: The purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the influence of personal value on Tax evasion at Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA), in Nairobi, Kenya and guide academicians, policy makers and implementers in Kenya as it helps raise awareness on the harmful effects of tax evasion and avoidance alike, urging policy makers to take actions to combat tax evasion. Methodology: The study used a descriptive research design technique. The primary data collection tool was a questionnaire, while additional context was obtained from existing literature, including scholarly books, academic journals, official government documents.....

Keywords: Personal values, Influence, Tax Evasion.

[1]. Alm, J., Martinez-Vazquez, J., & Mcclellan, C. (2016). Corruption And Firm Tax Evasion. Journal Of Economic Behaviour & Organization, 124, 146–163. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jebo.2015.10.006
[2]. Bernoulli, D. 1954. Exposition Of A New Theory On The Measurement Of Risk. Econometrica 22: 23. Https://Doi. Org/ 10. 2307/ 19098 29
[3]. Dalton, D., & Radtke, R. R. (2013) ‘The Joint Effects Of Machiavellianism And Ethical Environment On Whistleblowing’, Journal Of Business Ethics, 117(1), 153–172.
[4]. Edwards, L. (2024). Trust, Truth And ‘Organized Lying’: A Critical Study Of The Edelman Trust Barometer. In Routledge Handbook Of The Influence Industry. Routledge.
[5]. OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2023 Issue 1. (2023, June 7). OECD. Https://Www.Oecd.Org/En/Publications/Oecd-Economic-Outlook/Volume-2023/Issue-1_Ce188438-En.Html

Abstract: The present study investigates the comparative impact of three music therapy modalities Bageshree Raga, Om Chanting, and Drumbeats (Western Rhythmic Music) on key mental health indicators including depression, anxiety, stress, and general well-being among college students. Ninety participants aged 19–30 years underwent a 45-day intervention involving 10- minute daily sessions of assigned music therapy. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and General Health Questionnaire.....

Keywords: Music therapy, Mental health, Bageshree Raga, Om Chanting, Drumbeats, Anxiety, Stress, Depression, College students.

[1]. Alam, Faten Hassan, Et Al. "Effect Of Receptive Music Therapy On Stress And Coping Strategies Among Patients With Schizophrenia." Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal, Vol. 25, May 2022.
[2]. Bittman, B.B., Berk, L.S., Felten, D.L., Westengard, J., Simonton, O.C., Pappas, J. And Ninehouser, M. (2001), ―Composite Effects Of Group Drumming Music Therapy On Modulation Of Neuro Endocrine-Immune Parameters In Normal Subjects‖, Alternative Therapies In Health And Medicine, Vol. 7 No. 1, Pp. 38-47.
[3]. Bruscia, K. E. (2014). Defining Music Therapy. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers. Che, Y., Jicol, C., Ashwin, C., Petrini, K., And An, R. C. T. (2022). Study Showing Few Weeks Of Music Lessons Enhance Audio-Visual Temporal Processing. Sci. Rep. 12:20087.
[4]. Bruscia, Kenneth. ―The Dynamics Of Music Psychotherapy.‖ Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers Bunt, L., & Stige, B. (2014). Music Therapy: An Art Beyond Words. Routledge.
[5]. Chatterjee, A. (2018). Music And Emotion: A Scientific Exploration Of The Therapeutic Effects Of Indian Ragas. Journal Of Indian Psychology, 35(2), 112–119.

Abstract: Historical sociolinguistics faced the need to materialize the most plausible working hypotheses on the historical, sociological, and cultural reconstruction of the processes of oral formation and written standardization of Romance languages, based on empirical principles for a grammatical theory of linguistic change. During the second half of the last century, major contributions to historical linguistics accumulated, which were far from being recognized by historians of language, and have represented great successes and technical applications in the face of context-free purposes and hitherto.....

Keywords: Historical sociolinguistics, acculturation, anthropological history, linguistic change, languages in contact, linguistic substitution.

[1]. Alonso, A. (1941), “Substratum Y Superestratum”, In Alonso, A. (1967), 259-71.— (1967), Estudios Lingüísticos. Temas Españoles, 3rd Ed., Madrid, Gredos.
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[4]. Banniard, M. (2023), “La Génesis De Las Lenguas Románicas En El Siglo XXI: La Sociolingüística En Diacronía Larga (V-IX Ss)”, In García Turza, C. (Dir.) (2023), 87-130.
[5]. Cano, R. (1998), “Los Orígenes Del Español: Nuevos Planteamientos”, In Estudios De Lingüística Y Filología Españolas. Homenaje A G. Colón, Madrid, Gredos, 127-40.

Abstract: The study evaluated the synergy between rainfall and indicators of vegetation cover, land productivity and wealth generation in the rural sector of municipalities in the semi-arid region of Ceará. Data from the 1995/96, 2006 and 2017 Agricultural Censuses were used. The study also sought to assess the behavior of Ceará's climatic regions with regard to rainfall. Rainfall data was collected from the Ceará Foundation for Meteorology and Water Resources (FUNCEME), and information on vegetation cover, land productivity in crop and animal production was collected from the 1995/96, 2006 and 2017 IBGE Agricultural Censuses....

Keywords: Agricultural production; Northeast region. Funceme; Vegetation cover: Rainfall distribution patterns.

[1]. Management Researches. Journal Of The Institute Of Cost Of Management Accountant Of Bangladesh, V. 37, N. 2, P. 12-17. Available At: Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/200564629. Access At: 03 Set. 2020.
[2]. Bezerra. (2022). Avaliação Da Agricultura De Baixa Emissão De Carbono E Inteligente Ao Clima No Brasil. Fortaleza, CE. Universidade Federal Do Ceará. Tese De Doutorado.
[3]. Bolfe, L. E. (Coord.). (2018). Visão 2030: O Futuro Da Agricultura Brasileira. Brasília, DF: Embrapa. Available At: Https://Www.Embrapa.Br/Documents/10180/9543845/Vis%C3%A3o+2030+-+O+Futuro+Da+Agricultura+Brasileira/2a9a0f27-0ead-991a-8cbf-Af8e89d62829. Access At: 29 Set. 2025.
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Abstract: Background: The field of World Christianity has evolved from a primarily descriptive category into a sophisticated methodological approach. This evolution mandates a re-evaluation of how Christian history is researched and narrated, particularly for new scholars. Traditional historiographies have often been limited by Eurocentric biases, presenting a monolithic view of Christianity that overlooks its diverse global manifestations. This article addresses the imperative of adopting a decentralized historiographical perspective, guiding researchers towards a more inclusive and accurate representation of Christian pasts....

Keywords: World Christianity; Historiography; Methodological Approach; Historical Sources; Religious Identities.

[1]. Barreto Jr., Raimundo C. Decoloniality And Interculturality In World Christianity: A Latin American Perspective. In: Frederiks, Martha; Nagy, Dorottya (Ed.). World Christianity: Methodological Considerations. Leiden: Brill, 2021. P. 65-91.
[2]. Frederiks, Martha. World Christianity: Contours Of An Approach. In: Frederiks, Martha; Nagy, Dorottya (Ed.). World Christianity: Methodological Considerations. Leiden: Brill, 2021. P. 10-39.
[3]. Frederiks, Martha & Nagy, Dorottya (Ed.). World Christianity: Methodological Considerations. Leiden: Brill, 2021.
[4]. González, Justo L. The Changing Shape Of Church History. St. Louis, MO: The Chalice Press, 2002.
[5]. Haug, Kari S. Thai Comparative Theologizing: Material And Methodological Reflections. In: Frederiks, Martha; Nagy, Dorottya (Ed.). World Christianity: Methodological Considerations. Leiden: Brill, 2021. P. 158-178.

Abstract: The Broadway hit Hamilton An American Musical (2015) has rightly received much critical attention, given its impact on the audience and artistic and cultural significance. There is, however a dearth of critical examination on its role as political theatre in a considerably altered environment in American, and world politics. This research paper is an analysis of the songs, lyrics and background score, delivered by a multi-racial cast and inspired by a diverse musical tradition that is multi-racial and multi-cultural, to interrogate the heightened....

Keywords: Immigrants, Diversity, Race, Multiculturalism, Post-Racial America, Music, Lyrics, Chords, Musical Score, Nation, Identity.

[1]. Verhoeff, Chiel. “Hamilton The Pinnacle Of Inclusive Chauvinism. On The Social Impact Of Lin Manuel Miranda’s Hamilton An American Musical.” MA Diss., Radboud University, 2016.
[2]. Kylie Umehira, “All Hammed Up: How Hamilton: An American Musical Addresses Post-Racial Beliefs,” Bu.Edu, 2015,
Https://Www.Bu.Edu/Writingprogram/Journal/Past-Issues/Issue-9/Umehira/1000/.
[3]. AFP, “Race Relations: Hope And Disappointment Of Obama Years,” Digital Journal, January 15, 2017,
Https://Www.Digitaljournal.Com/World/Race-Relations-Hope-And-Disappointment-Of-Obama-Years/Article/483680.
[4]. “FACT SHEET: Immigration Accountability Executive Action,” The White House, 2016,
Https://Obamawhitehouse.Archives.Gov/Realitycheck/The-Press-Office/2014/11/20/Fact-Sheet-Immigration-Accountability-Executive-Action.
[5]. María Celia Toro And Ana Covarrubias Velasco, “Deep Contestations Of The Liberal Script At The US–Mexican Border,” Polarization And Deep Contestations, August 6, 2024, 228–46, Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Oso/9780198916444.003.0012.

Abstract: In the digital age, platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, X (formerly Twitter), and Instagram have become critical spaces for political communication and public engagement. As sociologist Manuel Castells (2009) asserts, “Power in the network society is exercised through the construction of meaning in the networks of communication,” highlighting the transformative influence of digital media on political processes. The rapid spread of internet access has amplified the role....

Keywords: Education, Voting behavior, Civic responsibility, Critical thinking, Democracy.

[1]. Analysis Of The Role Of Social Media In Increasing Political Participation In The Digital Era. (2023). Journal Of Contemporary Media Studies, 11(4), 78–95.
[2]. Barik, R. (2006). Land And Caste Politics In Bihar. New Delhi: Shipra Publications.
[3]. Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2012). The Logic Of Connective Action: Digital Media And The Personalization Of Contentious Politics. Information, Communication & Society, 15(5), 739–768. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.670661
[4]. Beteille, A. (2012). Caste, Class And Power: Changing Patterns Of Stratification In A Tanjore Village. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
[5]. Bihar Chief Electoral Officer. (2024). Age-Cohort Electoral Data And Voter Statistics. Government Of Bihar