iosr-JMCE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2014

Abstract: The objective is to achieve a composition of alloy has to be precisely correlated at a state of best alloy combination to make good resilience spring ranging from 2mm- 3mm wire thickness which can be achieved by a proper selection of alloys with different aspects of mechanical properties in a real time power generation device for rapid movement of the rack and pinion power generator. The former is similar to [1] were in open spring type is used along the guide path, this part deals with modification of spring composition with selection of alloys apart from the existing scenario & and analyzing their various properties by using ANSYS. The various combinations of spring are selected for the following advantages Copper and zinc combinations give the ductility and hardness to the spring. Silver gives moderate improvement in strength and hardness. Copper atom replaces the core metals as it distorts the crystal lattice, so 5% of copper is added to withstand compressive and tensile stresses
Key words: Alloy, Resilience, Rack & Pinion,

[1]. S.Krishna, S.Naveen Kumaar "Power Generation through Grab Handles" IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 3, March 2015.

[2]. L. Del Llano-Vizcaya, C. Rubio-Gonzalez & G. Mesmacque (2007), "Stress relief effect on fatigue and relaxation of compression springs", material and design, vol.28, pp.1130-1134.

[3]. C. Berger & B. Kaiser (2006), "Results of very high cycle fatigue tests on helical compression springs", international journal of fatigue, vol. 28, pp. 1658-1663.

[4]. Tausif M. Mulla, Sunil J. Kadam &Vaibhav S. Kengar (2012), "Finite element analysis of helical coil compression spring for three wheeler automotive front suspension", international journal of mechanical and production engineering, vol-1, issue-1

Abstract: Hard turning (above 45HRC) has become an economically, environmentally, and technically competitive process when compared with grinding. Machining induced surface integrity can be characterized by surface roughness, micro-hardness, microstructure, residual stresses, etc. During hard turning, formation of white layer on turned surface of component. The white layer has an increased hardness when compared with the bulk material and is often associated with tensile residual stresses. Although the thickness of the white layer is usually several micrometers, the presence of it causes great component's performance, such as fatigue life. Hard turning is very real due to the existence of the white layer, which is presumed detrimental to component life.

[1]. Schwach .W Dale. and Guo.Y.B, "Rolling contact fatigue; Residual stress; White layer; Hard turning; Acoustic emission, A fundamental study on the impact of surface integrity by hard turning on rolling contact fatigue",International Journal of Fatique, Vol. 28, pp. 1838–1844, 2006.
[2]. Ramesh. A, Melkote. S.N, Allard. , L.F, Riester.L, Watkins. T.R, "Analysis of white layers formed in hard turning of AISI52100 steel", Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. A390, pp. 88–97, 2005.
[3]. Bartarya G., Choudhury S.K, "State of the art in hard turning", International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.53, pp. 1-14, 2012.
[4]. Wit Grzesik, Krzysztof Zak and Piotr Kiszka, "Comparison of surface textures hard turning and grinding operations", Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 13, pp. 84 – 89, 2014.
[5]. Anselmo eduardo diniz, Adilson José de oliveira, "Hard turning interrupted surfaces using CBN tools", Journal of material processing technology, Vol. 195, pp. 275- 281, 2008.

Abstract: Spark ignited and Compression ignited internal combustion engines are the two types under the classification of IC engines based on ignition mechanism. In spark ignited IC engines the pressurized air fuel mixture will be given the spark ignition in the chamber just after sufficient fraternization where as in compression ignited IC engines the pressurized air gets ignited of the fuel spray in the chamber. In spark ignited engines, a carburetor may be used where the fuel and air gets mixed and the resulting mixture will be supplied to the chamber, or electronic controlled mechanism may be used where based on the load and required speed the concentration of fuel in the mixture will be varied whereas it is usually fixed in the carburetor based systems. In compression ignited engines, the spraying mechanism is crucial for satisfactory combustion. The injector may be moved toward the chamber and in the reverse direction. The number of nozzles and the angle of injection of fuel may be varied. In this paper, the above described phenomena are modeled and results are compared.

Keywords - air-fuel mixture, nozzle, injector, bowl axis.

[1] Durst, F., Weclas, M., Method and device for converting heat into work, US Patent No.6, 125,815 (2000).
[2] Yang, H., Shuai, S., Wang, Z., and Wang, J., ―High Efficiency and Low Pollutants Combustion: Gasoline Multiple Premixed Compression Ignition (MPCI),‖ SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0382, 2012, doi:10.4271/2012-01-0382.
[3] Y. Iwamoto, K. Noma, O. Nakayama, T. Yamauchi and H. Ando, ―Development of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine‖, Mitsubishi Motors Co., SAE Technical Paper 970541, 1997.
[4] Woo Tae Kim, Huh K.Y., ―Supercomputing applications in internal combustion engine design and analysis‖, HPC Asia '97 High Performance Computing on the Information Superhighway, 1997.
[5] Xiaojian Yang, Guoming Zhu, ―SI and HCCI Combustion Mode Transition Control of an HCCI Capable SI Engine‖, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol.21, Issue 5, June 2012.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using Rice Husk Ash from local Rice mills in Lucknow in concrete. Cement is replaced by Rice Husk Ash in different proportions until 40 percent by weight. Pozzolanic properties of Rice Husk Ash and compressive strength of concrete were investigated. The result shows that Rice Husk Ash has pozzolanic properties. Results also show that concrete with partial cement replacement by Rice Husk Ash has minor strength loss. The results of the investigation confirmed the potential use of this Rice Husk Ash material to produce concrete.

Keywords: Rice Husk Ash; Compressive Strength; Pozzolan; Concrete.

[1]. Tavakolia D, Heidari A, Karimian M. Properties of concretes produced with waste ceramic tile aggregate. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 14(2013) 369-82.
[2]. Mehta PK. Reducing the environment impact of concrete. Concrete Can be Durable and Environmentally Friendly, Concrete International, 10(2001) 61–6.
[3]. Meyer C. The greening of the concrete industry.Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2009) 601–5.
[4]. Gartner E. Industrially interesting approaches to low-CO2 cements. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(2004) 1489–98.
[5]. Schindler AK, Folliard KG. Influence of supplementary cementing materials on the heat of hydration of concrete. Advanced in Cement and Concrete IX Conference, Colorado, USA, 2003, pp. 10-14.

Abstract: Boiler is an unit to generate the steam used for producing, furnishing and recovering heat together with the apparatus for transferring the heat, so made available to the fuel being heated and vaporized. Total productive maintenance (TPM) is a technique of maintaining and improving the integrity of manufacturing process and quality systems through the machines, equipment, processes and employees that add business value to the organization. TPM keeps focused on all equipment in top working condition to avoid breakdowns and delays in the manufacturing process. The present study aims to propose a methodology that can be used to compare the management methods and determine a method that can optimize maintenance to make the plants operate economically with the help of TPM.

Keywords: Boiler, Types of Boiler, TPM, Piller of TPM.

[1]. Implementation of Total Productive Maintenance on Boiler Amit Borikar1, Ankit P. Shingare1, Jay R. Sarnaik1, Avinash G. Bhusari1 1Mechanical, J.D.I.E.T. YAVATMAL/S.G.B.A.U., INDIA
[2]. ROLE OF TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY MAINTENANCE IN POWER PLANT PERFORMANCE BY PROF. J.A. KAGAL IIPE
[3]. Ahuja, I.P.S. & Khamba, J.S. (2008a). An evaluation of TPM initiatives in Indian industry for enhanced manufacturing performance.International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 25(2), 147-72.
[4]. Ahuja, I.P.S. & Khamba, J.S. (2008b). Justification of total productive maintenance initiatives in Indian manufacturing industry for achieving core competitiveness.Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 19(5), 645–669.

Abstract: This paper explains a review works on thermoelectric generator using different viable solar technologies. For clean sources, thermoelectric (TE) energy converters are of increasing interest because these solid-state devices can transform heat given off from sources such as motor vehicles, power plants, computers, factories or even human bodies into electric power using the Seebeck effect in single stage. This review contains previous researches on thermoelectric based plants and also current advances on it.

[1]. Taleb M. Maslamani et al. Development of solar thermoelectric generator. European Scientific Journal March 2014 edition vol.10, No.9 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431
[2]. Riffat SB, Ma X. Thermoelectrics: a review of present and potential applica-tions. ApplThermEng 2003;23:913–35
[3]. The Science of Thermoelectric Materials, "The Seebeck Effect", Thermoelectric Caltech Materials Science, Thermoelectrics. Retrieved on January 3, 2013 from http://www.its.caltech.edu/~jsnyder/thermoelectrics/#top
[4]. G. Jeffrey Snyder and Eric S. Toberer "Complex Thermoelectric Materials" Nature Materials 7, 105-114 (2008).
[5]. CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics, Introduction, Edited by D.M. Rowe, CRC Press, 1995.

Abstract: The present work endeavors the analysis of non-spinning rotor system with numerical and theoretical results of deflection, bending moment and stresses. A three disc rotor system is considered for the numerical simulation and the results are presented for non-spinning conditions. Both fixed and simply supported boundary conditions have been simulated as a real case may correspond to the one between these two boundary conditions. The results of ANSYS software are found to be very close to the theoretical results.

[1]. A.S. Das , J. K. D. (2008). "Reduced model of a rotor-shaft system using modified SEREP." Mechanics Research Communications 35 (2008) 398–407.
[2]. Alsalaet, J. (2000). Rotor Dynamics. Basrah, College of Engineering University of Basrah.
[3]. Andrés, L. S. (2006). "Introduction to Pump Rotordynamics." Educational Notes RTO-EN-AVT-143.
[4]. BURGESS, A. (1988). TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF MECHANICAL STRUCTURES USING MODAL ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES. Department of Mechanical Engineering,. London, University of London. degree of Doctor of Philosophy..
[5]. Crooymans, M. (1984). A survey of rotordynamics.

Abstract: The replacement of natural resources in the manufacture of cement and sand is the present issue in the present construction scenario. Copper slag and Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) are industrial by-product materials produced from the process of manufacturing copper and iron. Use of Copper slag and GGBS does not only reduce the cost of construction but also helps to reduce the impact on environment by consuming the material generally considered as waste product. Hence in the current study an attempt has been made to minimize the cost of cement and sand with concrete mix grade M25 by studying the mechanical behavior of this concrete mix by partial replacing with advanced mineral admixtures such as Copper slag and GGBS in concrete mix. In this study, partial replacement of Cement with GGBS and Sand with Copper Slag considered.

[1]. R R Chavan & D B Kulkarni, Performance of copper slag on strength properties as partial replace of fine aggregate in concrete Mix Design, International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Volume 1 No.4 (2011).
[2]. Arivalagan.S, Experimental Study on the Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams as Replacement of Copper Slag as Fine Aggregate, Journal Of Civil Engineering And Urbanism Volume 3 (2013).
[3]. Atul Dubey, Dr.R.Chandak, Prof. R.K. Yadav, "Effect of blast furnace slag powder on compressive strength of concrete" International Journal of Science & Engineering Research ISSN: 2229- 5518 Vol. 3, Issue. 8, August 2012.
[4]. Brindha.D and Nagan.S, Durability studies on copper slag admixed concrete, Asian journal of civil engineering (Building and Housing) VOL. 12, NO. 5, pages 563-578(2011).
[5]. Venu Malagavelli and P.N. Rao, "High performance concrete with GGBS and ROBO SAND " International Journal of Science and Technology VOL. 2(10) 2010, 5107-5113.

Abstract: Every one of us is a manager of projects of our own life. From a house wife to an employee to financial analyst, from banker to doctor, from engineer to administrator, from a teacher to a student, we all work on different tasks with deadlines. Regardless of our occupation, norms, or location in an organization, we all work on tasks that are eclectic and involve people who do not usually work together. The project may have a simple goals that does not require many people or a great deal of money or it may be quite complex, calling for diverse skills and plethora of resources.

[1] Planning & scheduling by using Microsoft project: a case study of "suggestion for construction and completion the science department for university islam antarabangsa Malaysia, Bandar indera mahkota,kuatan, Pahang" by Mohd Johari Bin Othman
[2] A Project Management approach using Erp and Primavera in construction industries by Miss
A A. LAKADE, Prof. A K.Gupta, Prof. D B. Desai
[3] Project Planning Techniques for Academic Advising and Learning by Vittal Anantatmula Projects and Their Management by Guru Prakash Prabhakar
[4] MS PROJECT for construction schedulers (2011) by Ron Winter, PSP, F. Burak Evrenosoglu Analyzing project management research: Perspectives from top management journals by Young Hoon, Kwak, Frank T. Anbari
[5] Optimal planning and scheduling in multi-storied building by R.Prabhahar,G.ravichandran Project management software and its utilities (2014) by Hoang, Nhat Minh Shrestha, Swostik Central Public Works Department Analysis of Rates –Delhi

Abstract: The place, where the value of gravity remain lower than earth's own gravitational coefficient, at that place the existing suspension system fails to fulfil desired results as the amount and mode of shock absorbing changes. To counter anti gravity impact, NASA and Jet Propulsion Laboratory have jointly developed a suspension system called the rocker-bogie Suspension system. It is basically a suspension arrangement used in mechanical robotic vehicles used specifically for space exploration. The rocker-bogie suspension based rovers has been successfully introduced for the Mars Pathfinder and Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) missions conducted by apex space exploration agencies throughout the world. The proposed suspension system is currently the most favoured design for every space exploration company indulge in the business of space research.

[1]. Hong-an Yang, Luis Carlos Velasco Rojas*, Changkai Xia, Qiang Guo, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Xi'an, China, Dynamic Rocker-Bogie: A Stability Enhancement for High- Speed Traversal- Vol. 3, No. 3, September 2014, pp. 212~220 ISSN: 2089-4856.
Books:
[2]. R.E. Moore, Interval analysis (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1966). (8)
[3]. Note that the title of the book is in lower case letters and italicized. There is no comma following the title. Place of publication and publisher are given.
Theses:
[1]. Brooks Thomas; Graham Gold; Nick Sertic; DARK ROVER ROCKER-BOGIE OPTIMIZATION DESIGN, The University of British Columbia, Project Number 1076 January 18, 2011.

Abstract: This paper examined the strength characteristics of sugar cane Bagasse fibre incorporated into concrete. The Utilization of fibre in concrete production not only solves the problem of disposing this solid waste but helps conserve natural resources. A total of 40 each for cubes, cylinders and beams were cast for this study. The cubes were of dimension 100mm×100mm×100mm, the beams were 500mm×100mm×100mm in cross-section while the cylinders were 100mm in diameter and 200mm long. Five mixes of various strength grades were prepared at varying percentages of 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25%. The concrete with no fibre served as control. Conplast SP430MS was used as superplasticiser. Water-cement ratio of 0.5 was maintained for all mixes. The design mix obtained was1:1.7:2.5. Compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength were determined at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of curing.

[1]. Balaguru, P. and Ramakrishnan, V. (1988), "Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Workability, Behavior Under Long-Term Loading, and Air-Void Characteristics", ACI Materials Journal, 85(3) pp. 189-196.
[2]. BS 1881 Part 108 (1983). "Method for making test cubes from fresh concrete‟. Testing Concrete. Pages 1-3
[3]. BS EN 12390 Part 1 (2000). "Shapes. Dimension and other requirements for specimens and moulds‟. Testing hardened Concrete. Pages 4-10
[4]. BS EN 12390 Part 3 (2001). "Compressive strength of test specimens‟. Testing hardened Concrete. Pages 4-6
[5]. BS EN 12390 Part 6 (2000). "Tensile splitting strength of test specimens‟. Testing hardened Concrete. Pages 4-8
[6]. Lee, S. (1993). Handbook of Composite Reinforcements. Wiley- VCH. 719.

Abstract: Suspension systems can be described as the shock absorbing system installed along with the wheels in automobiles with the purpose of maintaining maximum possible required interaction between wheel and the surface. Apart from it, the suspension systems made vehicle driving experience luxurious, comfortable and pleasurable. Suspension systems also play vital role in maintaining vehicle balancing by keeping the centre of gravity in the centre, so that the overall gravitational pull does not interrupt in vehicle balancing during turning on steep corners, course of rough terrain and also during acceleration.

[1]. B. Chen, X. Liu, S. Tong, and C. Lin, "Observer-based stabilization of T–S fuzzy systems with input delay," IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 652–663, Jun. 2008.
[2]. Vehicle Suspension Systems Control: A Review Ayman A. Aly, and Farhan A. Salem, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL, AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS VOL.2 NO.2 July 2013 ISSN 2165-8277 (Print) ISSN 2165-8285 (Online) http://www.researchpub.org/journal/jac/jac.html.
Books:
[3]. J. J. Uicker, G. R. Pennock, and J. E. Shigley, 2003, Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, Oxford University Press, New York
Theses:
[4]. Robust Control Design for Vehicle Active Suspension Systems with Uncertainty, Hongyi Li School of Creative Technologies University of Portsmouth A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2012.