iosr-JMCE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-Aug 2014

Abstract: Landfill liners are used for the efficient containment of waste materials generated from different sources. In the absence of impermeable natural soils, compacted mixtures of expansive soil and sand have found wide applications as landfill liners. It is to be noted that, in case, these materials are not locally available, the cost of the project increases manifold due to its import from elsewhere. Also, sand has become an expensive construction material due to its limited availability. With this in view, the present study attempts to explore a waste material such as fly ash as a substitute for sand.

[1]. Anwar Al-Yaqout and Frank Townsend (2001). "Strategy for landfill design in arid regions", journal of practice periodical of hazardous toxic and radioactive waste management, ASCE vol.5, No.1, and pp: 2-13.
[2]. Ambarish Ghosh, Chillara Subbarao, (2007). Strength Characteristics of Class F Fly Ash Modified with Lime and Gypsum, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 133, No. 7, and pp: 757-766.
[3]. Anel A. Roberts, Takayuki Shimaoka (2008). "Analytical study on the suitability of using bentonite coated gravel as a landfill liner material", Journal of Waste Management,Vol. 28, and pp: 2635 - 2644.
[4]. Al-Tabbaa A, Aravinthan T (1998). "Natural clay – shredded tire mixtures as landfillbarrier materials", Journal of Waste Management, Vol. 18, pp: 9-16.
[5]. Alston C, Daniel DE and Devroy DJ (1997). "Design and construction of sand - bentonite liner for effluent treatment lagoon, Marathon, Ontario", Canadian Geotechnical journal. No.34, pp: 841-852.
[6]. Abeele WV (1986). "The influence of bentonite on the permeability of sandy silts",Journal of Nuclear and Chemical Waste Management, Vol. 6, pp: 81-88.

Abstract: The cruise control system is designed to make highway driving less tiring. It allows you to select a speed and take your foot off the accelerator pedal. This type of cruise control is ideal for open road driving when there is little traffic, or the traffic is rolling along at a fairly constant speed The cruise control system maintains the speed you select when you press the CRUISE button until you step on the brake pedal, select a different speed setting, by using hydraulic control and relay. A Hydraulic fluid power system is defined as a mean of power transmission in which relatively incompressible fluid is used as the power transmitting media. The primary purpose of hydraulic system is the transfer of energy from one location to another location and this energy into useful work.

[1]. Speed control device for resisting operation of the accelerator. Ralph R. Teeter. US-Patent 2519859 A
[2]. "1958 Chrysler Auto Pilot (brochure)". Oldcarbrochures.com. p. 1. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
[3]. Parr. Andrew (2013) "hydraulic and pneumatics‟ Butterworth Heimann Ltd
[4]. 4.Srinivasan.R (2013) "hydraulic & pneumatics controls" , Vijay Nicole imprints private Ltd.

Abstract: Flywheel stores the energy when supply is greater than the requirement and release energy when requirement is greater than supply. Present work deal with weight optimization of solid disk flywheel, keeping same moment of inertia. Initially we calculate kinetic energy & stress produced in existing flywheel (60kg solid flywheel) by analytical method then further process to mass optimization of solid disk flywheel by using graphical method; with the help of optimized mass (52kg solid flywheel) we find kinetic energy, stresses & deflection.

[1]. Bjorn Bolund, Hans Bernhoff, Mats Leijon "Flywheel energy and power storage systems" / Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 11 (2007) 235–258
[2]. Mouleeswaransenthilkumar "optimization of flywheel materials using genetic algorithm" Tomev(year 2012)FASCICULE4(oct-dec)IISN2067-3809
[3]. S.M.Choudhary "Design optimization of flywheel of thresher using FEM" IJETA/ Vol. 3/ Issue 2,February 2013.
[4]. Bedier B. EL-Naggar ,ismail A. Kholeif "Disk rim flywheel of minimum weight" journal of American science 2011;vol.7(6)pp146-149

Abstract: Earlier in ships, the exhaust valves in 2 stroke diesel engines were actuated by a mechanism, controlled by rocker arms and camshaft. But due to weight and space constraints of the diesel engines of ships, the camshaft and huge rocker arms have been replaced by hydraulic power pack to actuate the valve. As a design modification, rotor wings were also attached to the exhaust valve spindles. When the exhaust valve opens, the exhaust gas rotates the wings and turns the spindle by a certain degree. In this paper, a study about how these rotors extend the lifeline of the spindles has been carried out.

[1]. Dr. Ing. Holger Fellmann, Thomas Groß, Torsten Ludwig, Typical wear mechanism of 2-stroke exhaust valves, 2004
[2]. Solidworks 2014 tutorial video http://www.solidworks.in/sw/resources/solidworks-tutorials.html
[3]. ANSYS tutorial videos http://www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys
[4]. MAN B&W S60MC-C8 Engine Manual, 2009, 188, 279-294
[5]. DuraNickel 301 – Special Metals, Special Metals Corporation, SMC-048, 2004.

Abstract: Structural irregularities are one of the major causes of damage amplification under seismic action. Past earthquakes, indeed, have shown that buildings with irregular configuration or asymmetrical distribution of structural properties are subjected to an increase in seismic demand, causing greater damages. The sources of irregularity in a building configuration can be multiple and of different kinds and are usually classified in two major categories: irregularities in plan and in elevation [1].Both these types of irregularity often entail the development of brittle collapse mechanisms due to a local increase of the seismic demand in specific elements that are not always provided with sufficient strength and ductility.

[1]. G.P. Cimellaro, A.M. Asce, T. Giovine and D. Lopez-Garcia (2014)- "Bidirectional Pushover Analysis of Irregular Structures", Journal of Structural Engineering, ©SCE, ISSN 0733-9445/04014059(13).
[2]. A. Kadid and A. Boumrkik (2008)- "Pushover analysis of reinforced concrete frame 22structures" Asian journal of civil engineering (Building and Housing) VOL. 9, NO. 1 PAGES 75-83.
[3]. ChatpanChintanpakadi, and Anil K. Chopara (2004)- "Evaluation of model pushover analysis using vertically irregular frames" 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Paper No. 2139.
[4]. A.S. Moghadamand, W.K. Tso (2000)- "Pushover analysis for asymmetric and set-back multistory building" International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Department of Civil Engineering. 12 WCEE 2000/ 1093.
[5]. Eggert,V. Valmundsson, James M. Nau (1995)- "Seismic response of building frames with vertically structural irregularities" , Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 123, No. I, January, 1997. ©ASCE, ISSN 0733-9445/97/0001-00300041, Paper No. 10825.

Abstract: In the present work, analysis and design of box girder has been done, consideringtwo different sheathing pipes namely HDPE and corrugated Bright metal pipes. These sheathing pipes have been used to find the economic solution of design of multi-cell box girder. CSI-bridge modular software has been used for carrying out analysis. Multi-cell PSC box girder design has been performed at various locations along the span so as to consider maximum or critical locations of the PSC box girder due to various loading conditions, the post tensioning of cables is done for jacking load at 0.765 times the UTS and jacking is done at both ends of the PSC box girder simultaneously.,

[1]. C. Mortensen, M. Saiidi, and S. Ladkany - Creep and Shrinkage Losses in Prestressed Concrete Bridges in Highly Variable Climates- TRB 2003 Annual Meeting CD-ROM
[2]. P. J. Barr, J. F. Stantonand M. O. Eberhard Effects of Temperature Variations on Precast Pre-stressed Concrete Bridge Girders-journal of bridge engineering © asce / march/April 2005
[3]. Venkata Siva Reddy, P. Chandan Kumar - Response of box girder bridge spans-g. - International Journal of Bridge Engineering (IJBE), Vol. 2, No. 2-2014
[4]. Khaled M. Sennah and John B. Kennedy - Literature Review in Analysis of Box-Girder Bridges- Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 2, March 1- 2002.
[5]. Erin Hughs and RolaIdriss -Live-Load Distribution Factors for PrestressedConcrete,Spread Box-Girder Bridge- Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 11, No. 5, September 1-2006

Abstract: This research presents an application of Ant colony optimization meta-heuristic to the bin packing problems. Hybridization of Ant tuning strategy has introduced to improve the results obtained from basic ant system by utilizing the behaviour of artificial ants to perform local search. The objective is to pack the arbitrary sized three dimensional rectangular prismatic bins into the container of standard sizes in such a way that the empty space inside the container should be least as minimum. The bins should be packed by satisfying the packing constraints such as placement constraint, overlapping constraint, shipment placement constraint, stability constraint, etc.

[1] M.Dorigo and G.Di Caro, "The ant colony optimization meta-heuristic," in New Ideas in Optimization, edited by D. Corne, M.Dorigo, and F. Glover, McGraw-Hill, pp. 11-32, 1999.

[2] M.R.Garey, and D.S, "Computers and Intractability, A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness", W.H Freeman and Company, 1979.

[3] S. Goss, S.Aron, J. L. Deneubourg, and J. M. Pasteels.Self-organized shortcuts in the Argentine Ant.Naturwissenschaften, 76:579-581, 1990

[4] Dorigo M., G. Di Caro & L. M. Gambardella. "Ant Algorithms for Discrete Optimization", Artificial Life, 5(2):137-172, 1999.

[5] Bullnheimer B., R. F. Hartl & C. Strauss, "A New Rank Based Version of the Ant System: A Computational Study", Central European Journal for Operations Research and Economics, 7(1):25-38, 1999.

[6] Martello, S., Pisinger, D., Vigo, D., 2000. The three-dimensional bin packing problem. Operations Research 48 (2), 256–267.

Abstract: This paper helps in providing alternative sand to conventional river sand (fine aggregate) in concrete production. In desert region, dune sand are found deposited in large quantities due to strong and breezy wind peculiar to desert during harmattan and dry season period. The dune sand in most regions is not considered for construction work because it is assumed that dune sand is not good for construction. Thus, this paper reports the average compressive strength of concrete made with river sand (fine aggregate) and the one produced with the dune sand (fine aggregate). A concrete of nominal mix 1:2:4 using w/c ratio of 0.62 were adopted to produce concrete cubes 150mm x 150mm x 150mm. 7, 14, 21, 28 days hydration period was adopted. At each hydration period, three cubes were used each for both concrete produced with river sand (fine aggregate) and that of dune sand (fine aggregate).

[1]. Al-Harthy, et al (2007) "The Properties of Concrete made with Fine Dune Sand". A journal of Construction and Building Material (online). Available from: http//www.sciencedirect.com/science. Accessed, 19th April, 2010).
[2]. British Standard Instition, BS 8110 (1985) "Structural Use of Concrete, Code of Practice for Reinforced Concrete Structures". Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London, United kingdom.