iosr-JNHS   Volume-4 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2015

Abstract: The intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the most widely used contraceptive methods in the world. Immediate post placental IUD insertion is relatively more comfortable, safe, and does not interfere with breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to assess effect of post puerperal and immediate post placental insertion of intrauterine contraceptive devices after cesarean delivery on women's health. A descriptive studydesign was used in this study. Setting: post partum and outpatient clinic units at three different hospitals.

1]. Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 2010.Postpartum IUCD Reference Manual, New Delhi: Family Planning Division.
[2]. Levi, E., Cantillo, Ades, V., Banks, E., Murthy, A., 2012. Immediate post-placental IUD insertion at caesarean delivery: a prospective cohort study. Contraception. 86, 102-05.
[3]. Zerzavy, F.M., 1967. Use of intrauterine contraceptive devices in the postpartum period.Am J Pub Health. 57(1), 28-33.
[4]. Kapp, N., Curtis, K.M., 2009. Intrauterine device insertion during the postpartum period: a systematic review. Contraception.80(4), 327-36.
[5]. Eroglu, K., Akkuzu, G., Vural, G., Dilbaz, B., Akin, A., Takin, L., 2006.Comparison of efficacy and complications of IUD insertion in immediate postplacental/early postpartum period with interval period: 1 year follow-up. Contraception.74(5), 376-81.
[6]. Bhutta, S.Z., Butt, I.J., Bano, K., 2011. Insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device at caesarean section.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 21(9), 527-30.

Abstract: Anxiety management is one element of the lifestyle modification that is recommended for exam going students. Reduction in sympathetic arousal can be achieved through guided imagery technique through a series of audio and visual relaxation training. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of guided imagery relaxation program for reducing the anxiety level among exam going students. Methods: A randomized study consisting of 14 days relaxation technique with pre and post anxiety scores of 40 exam going students were randomly assigned to a 25 minutes audio visual relaxation of guided imagery program to experimental group and not for control group anxiety level scores were recorded to both groups. Results: For experimental group, the reduction in anxiety after 14 days intervention training was statistically significant, whereas anxiety level was same to control group. Conclusion: Significant anxiety reduction can be achieved through a 25 minute audio, video guided imagery relaxation program with exam going students. Guided relaxation is more effective in lowering anxiety level.

[1]. http://www.helpguide.org/mental/anxiety-types-symptoms-treatment.htm
[2]. Heide,Frederick j; Borkovec, T.D.(2006). "Relaxation – Induced Anxiety: Paradoxical anxiety enhancement due torelaxation training."Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 51(2):171-82.
[3]. Tang H ,Harms V (2009). Effects of audio relaxation program in older adults"Eur Journal of cardiovascular nurse,Dec 8(5)329 -36.

Abstract: A severe mental disorder with or without organ damage characterized by dearangement of personality and loss of contact with reality and causing detoriation of normal social functioning. Alterations in brain structure and changes in dopamine neurotransmission (a chemical important for communication between brain cells) are found in people who have psychosis. Psychosis is classically associated with schizophrenia disorders, and while there are other symptoms, schizophrenia is defined by psychosis. Other disorders also have psychotic symptoms..

[1]. Barbara schoen Jhonsen {2000} Psychiatric mental health nursing", Lippincott, Philadelphia.
[2]. Brooking, Susan, H.Ritter {2004}"Text Book of Psychiatry" Churchill Living Stone publishers.
[3]. Miller T.F {2001} "Coping with chronic illness" Davis company, Philadelphia.
[4]. Niraj Ahuja{1990},"A Short Text Book of Psychiatry, jaypee publishers.

Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care on patients with Bronchial asthma in Kancheepuram Head Quarters Hospital. To find out the effectiveness of nursing care on patients with bronchial asthma was done by providing questionnaire. Results showed that after comprehensive nursing care as per protocol showed that 90 % were good health condition, 10% were moderate health condition, the nursing care implemented based on needs with help of demographic variables and check list. There is statistically significant improvement in health status after the comprehensive nursing intervention for patients with bronchial asthma. Key words: Effectiveness, Nursing care, Patients, Bronchial asthma.

[1]. Abdullah,G (2009)"Better clients care through nursing research‟ new York, the macmillan publication,pp-360-365.
[2]. Ades. p., et.al., (2010) "Deviation of Respiratory" American journal of cardiology.
[3]. Amold.B(2011)"Medical for nurses" 14 edition ,long man group limited,pp-156-163.
[4]. Bennet,M(2012)"Medical surgical nursing‟ 3edition,new York,pp-45-49.
[5]. Best jhon.W(2013)"Medical surgical nursing‟ 3edition, new delhi, preventive hall of india pvt ,pp-12-15.
[6]. Black,M(2014)"Medical surgical nursing" Philadelphia,pp-420-431.

Abstract: The early parts of life changes are evolutionary, in that, they lead to maturity of structure and functioning. In later part of life, by contrast, changes are mainly involutions, involving a regression to earlier stages. These changes are the natural accomplishment of what is commonly known as "aging". They affect physical as well as mental structures and functioning. Individual differences in the effect of aging have been recognized and it makes people difficult to get adapt to them.

[1]. Denise ,F. Polit .., Cheryl tatano, beck (20002)" Nursing Research Principles and Methods", 7th edition, Lippincott publications , William and wilkins publications, new York,
[2]. Gopal, V., & Vijayan, S. (2009). Stress and Old Age. Retrieved January 25, 2011, from http://www.2k-health.com/stress-and-old-age
[3]. Gurumani .",An Introduction of Biostatics" 2nd revised edition ,Chennai mjp public
[4]. Chevalier Y., & HJ, K. (2011). Effects of Laughter Therapy on Stress, Cognition and Sleep among the Elderly. Geriatric Gerontol International, 21(2), 369-371.
[5]. Hirsch, R. D., & Junglas, K. (2010). Reminiscence Therapy in the Depressed Elderly: Results of an empirical Study, Journal of Gerontol Geriatric, 43 (1), 42-52.

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging global epidemic disease. Egypt reports the highest incidence in the world. Aim of the study: To estimate seroprevalence and to assess knowledge, attitude and practices regarding HCV and HBV among barbers and their customers in Assiut District, Egypt. Methods: Quesi-experimental research design carried out in Assiut District and City. Included 350 participants (175 barbers and 175 customers). Data collected by using three tools; tool (1): interview form consisted of four parts; first part included demographic data. The second part included assessment of medical and surgical history of barbers and customers. The third part included assessment of knowledge regarding the HCV&HBV. Fourth part: Included serological blood tests to detect infection with HCV and HBV. Tool (2): Included Likert attitude scale. Tool (3): Observational checklist to assess practices of barbers and customers.

[1]. Alter M, (2007): Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. World Journal of Gastroenterology, pp 13: 2436–2441.
[2]. Al-Thaqafy M, Balkhy H, Memish Z, Makhdom Y, Ibrahim A, Al-Amri A and Al-Thaqafi A, (2009): Improvement of the low knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B virus infection among Saudi National Guard personnel after educational intervention, BMC research notes, pp 5:597. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/5/597.
[3]. Amodio E, Di Benedetto M, Gennaro L, Maida C and Romano N, (2009): Knowledge, attitudes and risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infections in hairdressers of Palermo city (South Italy). The European Journal of Public Healtheurpub.Oxfordjournals.org 20 (4): pp 433-437. [4]. Averhoff F, (2012): Infectious diseases related to travel, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Travelers' health, Chapter 3, p 78. http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2014/chapter-3-infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/hepatitis-b.
[5]. Belbacha I, Cherkaoui I, Akrim M, Dooley K and El Aouad R, (2007): Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C among barbers and their clients in the Rabat region of Morocco. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (EMHJ), Vol. 17, No. 12, pp 911-918.

Abstract: The study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of self-instructional module on aseptic wound dressing practices for staff nurses One group pre-test post-rest design was used .Multi stage random sampling was considered appropriate for this study. A total of 100 staff nurses has been taken from the selected hospital .aseptic wound dressing practices as measured by structured questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A very highly significant (t=31.74, p<0.05) difference was observed between the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of staff nurses in the areas of aseptic wound dressing practices, which shows the effectiveness of SIM.

Keywords: Effectiveness, Aseptic, wound, dressing, self instructional module.

[1]. Australian wound management Association Inc(August 2011)"Bacterial Impact on Wound healing":positionpaper.version 2
[2]. Cooper.C.L., Devepment of an evidence based paediatric fall prevention programme."Journal of Nursing care quality",22,107-112.
[3]. FernandazRitin S, cleaning which solution, what technique, "The Austratian journal of wound management" 2001:51-4, 56-58.
[4]. HalletC.E",Infection control in wound care"Journal of Clinical Nursing"2000:103-10
[5]. HinmanC.D,MaibachH,"Effect of air exposure and occulision on experimental human skin and wound"1963:200;377.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop cost-effective home-made nasogastric feeds for long-term use so that the care-giver could use it without wasting the time or without any extra burden in family food budget. The commercially available are very expensive therefore are heavy economic stress on family. Economic stress can be reduced by these twenty home-made nasogastric feeds formulated in this study. Twenty Nasogastric home-made feeds with three variations of energy density (1 kcal/ml, 1.5 kcal/ml, and 2 kcal/ml); according to the standards of macronutrient distribution ranges were formulated in this study for normal and medically compromised patients. These feeds include standard feeds, standard feeds with fiber, diabetic feeds, high protein feeds, low protein feeds, fat-restricted feeds, and therapeutic lifestyle change feeds (TLC feeds). The feeds are for the long-term feeding purpose, and they are cost-effective, convenient and efficient. The cost of the feeds ranges from rupees 44/- to rupees 80/-. These feeds are convenient in preparation, efficient, cost-effective, and the ingredients are easily available.

Keywords: Enteral feeding (tube feeding), nasogastric tube, energy density.

[1]. Alvare, S., Dugan, D., & Fuzy, J. (2005). Nursing Assistant Care. New Maxico, USA: Hartman Publishing.
[2]. Bailey, Jr., Carnazzo, & Organ, Jr. (1982). Nutritional evaluation of a blenderized diet in five major burn patients. American Journal of Surgery.
[3]. Canobbio, M. M. (2006). Tube feeding (Enteral feeding). In 3 (Ed.), Mosby's Handbook of Patient Teaching. p. 893. USA:Mosby Elsevier.
[4]. Chapman, G., Curtas, S., & Meguid, M., M. (1992). Standardized enteral orders attain caloric goals sooner: a prospective study.
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition , 16 (2), 149-151.
[5]. Deen, D., & Hark, L. (2007). The Complete Guide to Nutrition in Primary Care. USA: Blackwell Publishing.

Abstract: Anxiety is a normal response to human experience and survival. Not unlike the fight, flight, or hide response, humans need anxiety in order to act and to protect themselves from suffering. Because anxiety is normal, most people experience anxiety at some points in their life, however limited or mild. Sometimes anxiety is the result of an inner polarization. Sometimes anxiety is the result of unresolved trauma leaving the individual in a heightened physiological state of arousal in which certain experiences have the potential to reactivate the old trauma, as is often the case with Post-Traumatic Stress. Sometimes anxiety results from a lack of, or inexperience at, knowing how to self-sooth. And there are other psychological and emotional reasons for anxiety. Whatever the cause, anxiety can be reduced if not resolved completely with therapy.

[1]. Blazer D,(2003), "Textbook of Clinical Psychology", forth edition, New york., American psychiatry publisher.
[2]. Christensen Barbara & Kockhow Elaine, (1995), "Foundation of Nursing", second edition, Philadeiphia., Lippincott Company publisher.
[3]. Diahakeable, (1999), "The management of Anxiety", second edition, New York., Churchill Livingstone.
[4]. Gurumani N, (2005), "An Introduction of Biostatistics", second edition, Chennai., MJP Publishers.
[5]. Mary Ann Boyd, (2008), "Psychiatric Nursing Contemporary", forth edition, New Delhi., Lippincott Williams And Wilkins.

Abstract: Adolescence is the transitional phase of physical and mental development between childhood and adulthood and is characterized by immense hormonal changes.75% of girls experience some problems associated with menstruation. Self care practices as well as menstrual hygiene are basic requirements for promoting a satisfied life and personal esteem in a woman. Therefore the aim was to investigate the menstrual disorders and the self care practice of menstrual hygiene among 400 adolescent girl a sample was selected to participate in the study based on stratified random sampling method from AL-Jouf university girls section, preparatory level, Saudi Arabia. An interview questionnaire sheet consisted of three sections was administered to the students after explain the aim of the study and their consent was obtained.

[1]. World Health Organization (WHO). Adolescent pregnancy –Unmet needs and undone deeds. A review of the literature and programs. Issues in Adolescent Health and Development, WHO, Geneva, 2007.
[2]. Kirk J, Sommer M . Menstruation and body awareness: critical issues for girls' education. EQUALS, 2005, 15:4-5.
[3]. Szilagyi PG. Care of Children with special health care needs. Future Child 13(1), 2003, 137-151.
[4]. Guyton A, Hall J: Female physiology before pregnancy and female hormones, and the female hormones. In: Guyton A, Hall J, editors. Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1996, pp 1017.
[5]. Babay ZA1, Addar MH, Shahid K, Meriki N.: Age at menarche and the reproductive performance of Saudi women. Ann Saudi Med. 2004 Sep-Oct;24(5):354-6.

Abstract: Introduction: Satisfaction of patients related to treatment related to low back pain varies in acute sub-acute and chronic conditions who receive physiotherapy in out-patient department. Aim And Objectives:To find out patient's satisfaction with physiotherapy treatment in patients with acute, sub-acute and chronic low back pain. Methodology:50 Low back pain patients both male and female between age group of 35-55 years from inclusion criteria were taken for the study. Self-reported Questionnaire was filled by patients. The data was documented and statistically analysed.

[1]. SJ Hossain, J Ferdousi, MK Biswas, N Mahfuz, G Biswas, Quality of Care: View of Patient Satisfaction with Physiotherapy in Government and Private Settings in Dhaka, Bangladesh, Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(2):71-74
[2]. Dharti N. Hingarajia A Psychometric Analysis Of Patient Satisfaction With Physical Therapy Care Spb Physiotherapy College, Surat, Gujarat, India Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science 3 : 5 September – October (2013) 219 – 223
[3]. Dr. Peter WaweruKamau Patient Satisfaction With Physiotherapy Services For Low Back Pain At Selected Hospitals In Kenya November 2005
[4]. Book- Therapeutic exercise 5th ed by Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby published by jitendra P vij new Delhi 2007.

Abstract: Introduction: Study was conducted to assess women's awareness level of symptoms and complications of menopause. Aim : to find knowledge about climacteric symptoms in perimenopausal women. Objectives: knowledge about climacteric symptoms & of knowledge about climacteric symptoms in age group 35-55 years in peri-menopausal women. Methodology: 50 peri menopausal women between the age group 35-55years were included for the study selfreported questionnaire was filled by women.the data was documented and statistically analysed. Result: Based on total score of menopausal women's 38.2% women are aware about menopause and 60.8% women are not aware about menopause.

[1]. D. C. Datta. Textbook Of Gynecology. 5th Edition Kolkata, (2008).
[2]. Bryant SE, Palav A, McCaffrey RJ. A review of symptoms commonly associated with menopause: implications for clinic neuropsychologists and other health care providers. Neuropsychol Rev,13(3):145-152.2013.
[3]. HassanzadehGhR, Yekkezare S, Vaziri S, Soroorirad B, Darki L. knowledge of women about menopause in Qazvin. JQazvinUniv Med Sci Health Services. 28:21-25.2003.
[4]. LIaneza P, Garcia-portilla MP, LIaneza-Suarez D, Armott B, Perez-Lopez FR. Depressive disorders and the menopause transition. Maturitas 71(2);120-130. (2011).
[5]. Tuomikoski P, Ylikorkala O, Mikkola TS. Menopausal hot flushes and vascular health. Ann Med. Jun;43(4);283-291. 2011.

Abstract: Background: Neonatal mortality is a major concern in Sub-Sahara Africa and its rates reflect a nation's socio-economic status, efficiency and effectiveness of health care services. Approximately one quarter of all under – five child deaths occur in the neonatal period. This study aims at documenting the pattern of diseases and outcomes of neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan from 2007 to 2011.

[1]. Sharma, A, Ford, S and Calvert, J. Adaptation for life: A review of neonatal physiology. Anaesthesia and intensive care medicine 2010; 12(3):85-90.
[2]. Aijaz, N, Huda, N. and Kauzar, S. Disease Burden of NICU at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi. Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi 2012; (6)1: 32-35.
[3]. Orimadegun, A.E, Akinbanni, F.O, Tongo, O.O. and Okereke, J.O. Comparism of neonates born outside and inside Hospitals in a children emergency unit, Southwest of Nigeria. Pediatric emergency care 2008; 24(6):354-358 Lippincot Williams and Wilkins.
[4]. Omoigberale, A.I, Sadoh, W.E. and Nwaneri, D.U. A 4 year review of neonatal outcome at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 2010; 13(3): 321-325.
[5]. Tinker, A, Parker, R, Lord, D. and Grear, K. Advancing newborn health: The Saving Newborn Lives initiative. Global Public Health 2010; 5(1): 28-47.

Abstract: A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on management of sibling rivalry among mothers of under five children in a selected area at Chennai Research design adopted for the study was pre-experimental one group pre-test and post test design. Methodology: The study was conducted at Hasthinapuram, Chennai. In this study the samples selected were 30 mothers of under five children at Chennai. Mothers who have minimum two children between 0-5 years of age were selected as inclusion criteria.In assessment of knowledge among sibling rivalry.

[1]. A General journal "essay mania". Published essay on sibling rivalry, Essay Mania.com. Retrieved on 05 Dec, 2011
[2]. A Journal published by State Government of Victoria regarding "Sibling Rivalry" 7th April 2010 P.no:32-36
[3]. A journal published by offord center for child studies regarding "parenting favored siblings study P.no:11-18
[4]. Alison Whitworth and Rob Stephenson, 24th January 2002, published an article regarding "Birth spacing sibling rivalry and child mortality in India" P.no:12-16
[5]. Anna Tsnag, "The effects of working mothers on sibling rivalry" Sept 2004 published a research Journal. P.No, 347-54.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution (cetrimde) before cesarean section for reducing post partum morbidity. Design: A quasi- experimental design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted at the operative room of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Department in Mansoura University Hospital from May 2014 until August 2014. The study Subjects included 200 pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean delivery, who were selected by purposive sampling technique. then divided into control and intervention group 100 per each group. The intervention group: receive vaginal cleaning before cesarean section by antiseptic Cetrimide and standard abdominal scrub. Control group: receive standard abdominal scrub only.

[1]. A Ameer, A, Evaluation of the risk of postcesearan endometritis with preoperative vaginal preparation with povidone- iodine, El-Minia MED. BULL.20 ( 2), 293:247, 2009
[2]. M Belfort, S Clark, G Saade, K Kleja, G Dildy, T Van V, E Akhigbe, D Frye, J Meyers, S Kofford, Hospital readmission after delivery: evidence for an increased incidence of non-urogenital infection in the immediate postpartum period. American Journal of Obstetrics andGynecology; 202:e1–7. 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.ajog..08.029
[3]. A Boyle, U Reddy, H Landy, et al, Primary cesarean delivery in the United States. Obstet Gynecol; 122:3, 2013.
[4]. L French, F Smaill, Antibiotic regimens for endometritis after delivery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev;2000, 4:CD001067
[5]. J Graham, J Blanco, B Oshiro, K Magee, M Monga, N Eriksen, Single-dose ampicillin prophylaxis does not eradicate enterococcus from the lower genital tract. ObstetGynecol, 2003, 81:115-7.

Abstract: Supervised delivery is one of the important key strategies for reduction of maternal morbidity and mortality. There was an increase in the number of death of women during labour in Moriki. Most of these women had attempted deliveries by unskilled personnel (community health extension workers and traditional birth attendants) and relatives at home. The aim of this study was to examine women's perceived need for supervised delivery services in Moriki. The researchers used quantitative approach to examine a cross-section of the women in Moriki.

[1]. Adegoke, A., & Broek, N. (2009). Skilled birth attendance-lessons learnt. International Journal
[2]. of Obstetrics & Gynaecoloy, 116(1), 33–40.
[3]. Andersen, R. (1995). Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: Does it matter? Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 36(1), 1–10.
[4]. Babalola, S., & Fatusi, A. (2009). Determinants of use of maternal health services in Nigeria: looking beyond individual and household factors. Biomed central Pregnancy and Childbirth, 9(1), 43.
[5]. Bashar, S. (2012). Determinants of the use of skilled birth attendants at delivery by pregnant women in Bangladesh. Public health and Medicine. Retrieved September 27, 2013, from http://www.phmed.umu.se/digitalAssets/104/104565
[6]. Chukuezi, C. (2010). Socio-cultural factors associated with maternal mortality in Nigeria. Research Journal of Social Sciences, 1(5), 22–26.