iosr-JNHS   Volume-4 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2015

Abstract: Background: Problem-based learning is a method of learning and teaching that improves the learning of the nursing students by teaching them how to apply theory in clinical practice and developing their problem-solving skills. It enhances student's learning, productivity, problem solving skills, critical thinking, self-directness, and professional skills. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the effect of PBL on development of problem solving skills among undergraduate nursing students.

[1]. Dochy F., Segers M., Bossche P.V.D., and Gijbels D., Effects of Problem-Based Learning: A meta Analysis, Learning and Instruction, 2003;13: pp 533–568.
[2]. Khamis L.M., Impact of Management Program on Competencies of Baccalaureate Nursing Graduates during Internship Year; Doctoral Thesis, Faculty of Nursing,Tanta University, 2008: p 8- 26.
[3]. Yam M.B., Rhoades K., Sweeney L.B. and Kaput J., Changes in the Teaching and Learning Process in a Complex Education System, New England Complex Systems Institute, Cambridge, MA USA, 2002, p 1.
[4]. Caffarella R.S. and Knowles M.S., Planning Programs for Adult Learners: A practical Guide for Educators, Trainers, and Staff Developers, 2nd ed., New York: John Wiley&Sons Inc., 2002; pp173-179.
[5]. Rangachari PK., Design of a Problem-Based Undergraduate Course in Pharmacology: Implications for the Teaching of Physiology, Adv. Physiol. Educ., 1991; 5: pp14–21,.

Abstract:Background: Pregnant women with diabetes are more vulnerable to foot problems due to damage of the nerves and reduce blood flow to feet so they need proper and regular feet care to prevent serious health problems with low and high risk feet Objectives: To assess self feet care among pregnant women with diabetic pregnant who attending primary health care centers and to find out the relationship between self feet care and studied variables.

[1]. SharifiradGH, et al.: The Effect of a Health Belief Model Based Education Program for Foot Care in Diabetic Patients Type II in Kermanshah, Iran (2005), Int. J Endocrinol Metab, 2007;2: 82-90
[2]. WHO : 10 facts about diabetes , WHO 2006, available in http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/diabetes/09_en.html access on 12 may 2015
[3]. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014 (released June 10, 2014) available in http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics access on 12 may 2015
[4]. Kerssen A, de Valk H, Visser GH. Increased second trimester maternal glucose levels are related to extremely large-for-gestational-age infants in women with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1069-74.
[5]. Didarloo AR, Shojaei zadeh D, Gharaaghaji A. , Habibzadeh H, Niknami Sh and Pourali R.: Prediction of Self-Management Behavior among Iranian Women with Type 2 Diabetes: Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action along with Self-Efficacy, (ETRA). 2012 Feb; 14(2): 86-95.

Abstract: This study was carried out to assess the work-related risk factors for Lower Back Pain (LBP) among nurses in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Shika - Zaria. The main objective of this Study is to determine the prevalence and duration of LBP as well as to identify the work-related risk factors associated with low back pain (LBP) among Nurses in ABUTH. This Study also examines the relationship between Socio-demographic characteristics of Nurses in ABUTH and development of LBP. The descriptive survey design was adopted and data were collected with help of pre-established Questionnaires. Multi-stage sampling method was used among nurses working in various departments/ units of the hospital. The Study sampled 120 Nurses of which 98 fully participated and filled the questionnaires completely.

[1]. Roupa, Z. et.al (2008). The Problem of Lower Back Pain in Nursing Staff and its Effect on Human Activity. Health Science Journal, 4, 219-225.
[2]. Mwilila, M.C. (2008). Work-related low back pain among clinical nurses in Tanzania, Unpublished Master's thesis. Physiotherapy department, University of the Western Cape.
[3]. Omokhodion, F.O. (2002). Low back pain among rural and urban populations in Southwest Nigeria. African News Letter on Occupational Health & Safety, 12, 57-59.
[4]. Omokhodion. F.O and Sanya, A.O (2003). Risk factors for low back pain among office workers in Ibadan, South West Nigeria. Occupational Medicine, 53, 287-289.
[5]. Sikiru and Shmaila, (2009). Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among nurses in Africa: Nigerian and Ethiopian specialized hospitals survey study. East African Journal of Public Health, 6, 22-25.
[6]. Omokhodion, F.O., Umar, U.S. & Ogunnowo, B.E. (2000). Prevalence of low back pain among staff in a rural hospital in Nigeria. Occupational Medicine, 50, 107-110.

Abstract: There is a societal need to institutionalize child protection mechanisms and services for monitoring of children subjected to abuse and exploitation. The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of violence among orphaned children and its consequences on their physical and psychological health status. Subjects & methods: a descriptive analytical study design was utilized at three randomly selected orphanage institutions-Menofia Governorate, Egypt. All children and adolescents from 6-18 years residents at the selected orphanage home (n=125) were included and thirty eight caregivers who accepted to fill the aggression behavior measurement. Six tools were used.

[1]. Sirotnack, A. P. and Krugman, R. D. Physical Abuse of Children: An Update .Pediatrics in Review. 2013; 15(10): 394-399.
[2]. Khamis, V.. Child Psychological Maltreatment in Palestinian Families . Child Abuse & Neglect. 2013; 24(8): 1047-1059.
[3]. U. S. UNICEF. The State of the World's Children: Urbanization. Geneva: United Nations Children's Fund, 2012.
[4]. World Health Organization (WHO). Reports on the Consultation on Child Abuse Prevention, 29-31 March 2011; WHO, Geneva (document WHO/HSC/PVI/99.1).

Abstract: Cancer, a leading cause of death worldwide and has serious impact on public health. More than one in three people will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime. The current study aimed to identify caregiver's burden and level of depression among family caregivers of patients with cancer. The study can help in creating baseline data on depression level and conducting future counseling program. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was applied to identify the level of depression among family caregivers of cancer patients in BPKMCH, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. To assess caregiver depression and its predictors, we used the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II).

[1]. Davis,M.(2011). Definition of cancer cancer main article, Retrived from http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2580
[2]. Shah,T., Subba, S., shah, Sp (2009). Psychosocial Care Emerging Need for the cancer patients in Nepal. Retrieved from www.nepjol.info/ index.php/JNHRC/ article.
[3]. Bevans.M.F, and Sternberg.E.M.(2012).Caregiving Burden, Stress, and Health Effects Among Family Caregivers of Adult Cancer Patients. The journal of American Medical Association. 2012 Jan 25; 307(4): 398–403.
[4]. Blank J, Clark L, Longman A, Atwood J. Perceived home care needs of cancer patients and their caregivers. Cancer Nursing. 1989; 12(2):78–84.
[5]. Given,B.,Wyatt,G.,Given,G.,Gift.A.,Sherwood,P.,Devoss,D.,Rahbar,M.(2005).Burden and Depression among care givers of patients with cancer at the end of life. Oncol Nurs Forum16; 31(6): 1105–1117.

Abstract: Despite all the efforts that were done by the Egyptian government to achieve the Millennium Development goals, there is a question regarding the quality of care provided to the Egyptian women during pregnancy, labour and deliver. Maternal Near-miss has becomes an indicator for quality of the obstetrics care. The aim: the study was aiming to investigate Maternal Near Misses in a University Hospital. World Health Organization (WHO) near-miss tool was used to identify the associated variables. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was applied using data from Mansoura University Hospital women's records during pregnancy and delivery between October 2012 and September2013.

[1]. WHO, (2014) Maternal Mortality, Fact Sheet N. 348
[2]. Ministry of Health and Population Egypt, Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health, WHO, World Bank and Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research.(2014) Success factors for women's and children's health: Egypt. Geneva: World Health Organisation.
[3]. http://www.who.int/topics/millennium_development_goals/maternal_health/en/index.htm, Retrived at, 15/1/2015
[4]. Acosta A. (2005) Maternal Near miss and maternal death in the World Health Organization's global survey on maternal and prenatal health. Bulletin WHO, 2010,88:113-119.
[5]. Sorensen BL, Elsass P, Nielsen BB, Massawe S, Nyakina J, Rasch V. (2010) Substandardemergency obstetric care: A confidential enquiry into maternal deaths at a regionalhospital in Tanzania. Tropical Medicine International Health. 15(8):894 -900.

Abstract: Since the beginning of modern clinical labs in 1950s in West and early 1970s in Pakistan, quality assurances (QA) become the prime area of concern as well as of utmost priority. Regarding QA, the most important criterion or the category that the labs always cater to manage and evaluate most often are "Errors" in lab services, which is divided into three parts, Pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical. These are the commonly accepted criteria's regarding lab working and services and thus regarded as back-bone of any management of Lab. Proper laboratory management system, whether part of the pre-analytical hierarchy, analytical labs or post-analytical arrangements, always keeps evaluating the categories, through continual assessments, working, estimating the possibilities and supervising the lab components, to avoid errors in labs and proving quality assured services to its patients.

[1]. Angeles, G. (2014) Pre –analytical Errors Management in the Clinical laboratory : a five year study .Biochemia medica ;24(2):248-57 [2]
[2]. A Review of Medical Errors in Laboratory Diagnostic and where we are today.Lab .Med 2012, 43 (2) 41-44
[3]. Alsin ,MJ et all (2008) Pre analytical Quality Control Program an over view of result 46(6),849-854 Clin Chem Lab Med
[4]. Ashavaid TF, et al (2008) Influence of blood specimen collection method on various pre analytical sample quality indicators , 23(2):144-149 Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry.
[5]. Bhat V,et al ( 2012) Analysis of laboratory sample rejections in the pre-analytical stage at an oncology center. Clinica Chimica Acta

Abstract: Background: Cancer and hospitalization can be the major crisis that a child encounters .A diagnosis of cancer often involves long hospital stays from days to months for the pediatric oncology patient in Iraq with limited access to psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers. Consequently, many patients experience psychosocial problems as a result. Objective(s): The aims of this study was to assess psychosocial impact of hospitalization on ill children, ages from 6 to 12 years in Pediatric Oncology Wards and to find relationship between sociodemographic variables for child ,family and illness such as child's gender, age, type of treatment, frequency of hospitalization, parental education, etc.

[1]. Kokab Bsiri-Moghaddam, Mahdi Basiri-Moghaddam , Leila Sadeghmoghaddam and Fazlollah Ahmadi: The Concept of Hospitalization of Children from the View Point of Parents and Children, Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 21 (Number 2), June 2011, Pages: 201-208 [2]. Crnković M, Divcić B Rota Z.,Coric L., Emotions and experiences of hospitalized school age patients ,2009, Acta Clin Croat 48 (2): 125-35.
[3]. Maria Gerali, Marina Servitzoglou, Dimitra Paikopoulou, Helen Theodosopoulou, Michael Madianos, Helen Vasilatou-Kosmidis, Psychological Problems in Children with Cancer in the Initial Period of Treatment Cancer Nurs. 2011; 34(4):269-276.

Abstract: Great television can teach kids the important value and lessons of life. TV programmes can help the kid to explore controversial or sensitive issues which can make it easier for parents to discuss. It is very important for parents to know what their kids are watching. These days television has become a major source of information about sex. Time spent on the television takes away the important form activities like reading, school work, playing and family and social interaction. Evaluative research approach and a pre experimental (one group pre text and post text) were used. Non randomized purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample of the study.

[1]. BARBARA D. CHILD, ADOLESCENT AND FAMILY PSYCHIATRIC NURSING.PHILADELPHIA: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; 2005.
[2]. BARKAUSKILNE R. BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES. 3RD EDITION. NEW YORK: ORIENT LONGMANN; 2009.
[3]. BEHRMAN D. TEXT BOOK OF PEDIATRICS. 16TH EDITION. WASHINGTON: HARCOURT ASIA PRIVATE LTD; 2005.
[4]. PARUL DUTTA, PAEDIATRIC NURSING, JAYPEE PUBLICATION NEW DELHI, FIRST EDITION.
[5]. http:// www.medline plus.com

Abstract: Staff nurses' working condition is changing dramatically and rapidly causing fundamental transformations that have an impact on staff nurses fatigue and performance. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effect of working condition and fatigue on performance of staff nurses at Mansoura University Hospital. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used and the study was conducted on 110 staff nurses working at all general medical and surgical units, using three tools: working condition questionnaire, occupational fatigue exhaustion recovery scale and observation checklist of nurses performance. Results: There were a statistically significant differences between working condition, fatigue, and performance among staff nurses (p=0.0001).

[1]. Abdrabou, F., (2002): Relationship between nurses' job satisfaction and quality of their performance, Master Degree, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University.
[2]. Ahmed, S.,(2007): Assessment of organizational performance in ICUs at Alexandria University Hospital. Unpublished Master Thesis. Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. Pp:68.
[3]. Al-Homayan, A., M., Shamsudin, F.,M., Subramaniam,C., &Islam, R.,(2013): Impacts of job performance level on nurses in public sector hospitals. American Journal of Applied Science. 10(9)1115-1123.
[4]. Al-Makhaita, H.,M., Sabra, A., A., & Hafez, A., (2014): Job performance among nurses working in two different health care levels, Eastern Saudi Arabia: a comparative study. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 3 (7) 832-837.
[5]. Ayyash, H., & Aljeesh, Y., (2011): Nurses' motivation and their performance at European Gaza Hospital in Gaza Strip, Journal of Al Azhar University-Gaza (Natural Sciences), 13, Pp. 55 – 68.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to find out the perceptions of Chinese nursing students (CNSs) on their career choices, with a discursive analysis of gathered narratives. The combined findings involve three main themes: 1) Easy to find a job, 2) Family decides it all, 3) Choices other than a clinical nurse. It is identified that career choice can be affected by various factors, and a further critical nursing shortage shall be noticed.

Keywords: Chinese nurse student, nursing education, career choice, discursive analysis

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[4] Zhong, Q., & Han, X. (2014). China's severe nurse shortage continues April 5, 2015, from http://www.china.org.cn/china/Off_the_Wire/2014-05/12/content_32364875.htm
[5] Xie Hui, Zhang Jing, & Xu Shu Xiu. (2008). A qualitative research on undergraduate male nursing students. Chinese Nurs. Mana.. (03), 23-26 (Original work published in Chinese)
[6] Zhang Xiao Ning, Zhang Ling, & Zhou Ying. (2009). Career attitude of undergraduate nursing student.. Journal of Nursing Science (06), 64-65 (Original work published in Chinese)