iosr-JNHS   Volume-5 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2016

Abstract: Instructional Media are the means for transmitting or delivering messages and in teaching-learning perspective delivering content to the learners, to achieve effective instruction. Media can be used effectively in formal situation where students are working independently or teacher is working with other group of students. Understanding the importance of effectively utilizing the Instructional Media in any teaching/learning process cannot be over emphasized. Instructional media enhance facilitation and make teaching/learning easy, lively and concrete.........

Keywords: Instructional media, media utilization, media selection, problem solving of media utilization challenges

[1]. A.J. Eniayewu, "Effective of Instructional Materials on Teaching and Learning of Economics in Secondary Schools" A Journal of School of Education, College of Education Ikere- Ekiti, 2005, Vol. No.1) P.117
[2]. Amri.A, Ngatia.P, Mwakilasa A.O (1993) A Guide for Training Teachers of Health workers. Amref Foundation
[3]. C.O.Olumorin, A.Yusu, U.A.Ajidagba and A.A.Jekayinfa (2010) Development of Information Material from Local resources for Art-based courses Asian Journal of Information Technology Year: 2010 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 107-110
[4]. Dewdney, A. & Ride, P. (2006). The New Media Handbook. London & New York: Routledge
[5]. Dick & Reiser Model (1996) Instructional Planning, ppt presentation

Abstract: Today's nursing students are tomorrow's nurses who will be closely working and taking care of the patients. The nature of nursing profession requires nurses to spend more hours with the patients than all other health care professionals and considering the valuable and essential nursing interventions provided to the patients undergoing ECT prior, during and after the treatment session; therefore, nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards ECT will impact their patients' knowledge and attitudes towards ECT. Since third year BSC nursing students have adequate knowledge or not regarding ECT.........

Keywords: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Knowledge, Narayana College of Nursing.

[1]. Sreevani. A Guide to Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2007. 182 p.
[2]. Aashish Parihar HV, Naveen Kumar Sharma. Knowledge of the nursing personnel regarding ECT in a view to develop an informational booklet. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science. 2013;2(6):45-9.
[3]. Eman Dawood, Abeer Selim , Amal Khalil. Electroconvulsive therapy: Effect of an educational experience on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2013;3(9):123-30.
[4]. Byrne P, Cassidy B, Higgins P. Knowledge and attitudes towards electroconvulsive therapy among health care professionals and students. The Journal of ECT. 2006;22(2):133-8.
[5]. Monday N. Igwe, Appolos C. Ndukuba, Chukwuma M. Attama, Pleasure N. Ogbonna, Chinonyerem Igwe. Electroconvulsive therapy in the eyes of undergraduate nursing students. Open journal of nursing. 2014;4:818-23.

Abstract: Background: Episiotomy is performed as one of the most common procedures that facilitate delivery and prevent complications. However, actually increased rates of perineal infection, blood loss and pain during healing, negatively affected body image issues and sexual function. Aim of the study: To examine the effect of postnatal Kegel exercises on episiotomy pain and wound healing among primiparous women.........

Keywords: Kegel exercises, episiotomy, perineal pain

[1]. Albers, L.L. & Borders, N. (2013). Factors affecting the healing of episiotomy. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 52, 246-253.
[2]. Beckmann, M.M. & Stock, O.M. (2013). Effect of Kegel Exercises on episiotomy healing in postnatal women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4, Article No. CD005123. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005123.pub3.
[3]. Chiarelli, P., &Cockburn, J.(2012). Postpartum perineal management and best practice.Australian College of Midwives Incorporated Journal 12(1): 14-18. Available at: http:// www.sciencedirect.com/science/article accessed on 11.12.10.
[4]. Davidson N. REEDA: evaluating postpartum healing. J Nurse Midwifery. 1974;19:6–9. [PubMed.
[5]. Durmaz, A. &Buğdaycı, R. (2013). Epiotomiiy ileşmesiniet kileyenfa ktörler (Factors affecting the healing of episiotomy). Turkish Journal of Public Health, 11, 72-85 (in Turkish).

Abstract: Introdução: Na prática educativa em saúde deve-se conhecer a realidade do nosso público para escolher a melhor intervenção. Objetivo: descrever o processo de construção de tecnologia educativa em enfermagem para a promoção da saúde de portadores de hanseníase. Método: A construção foi dividida em 5 etapas. A primeira etapa sendo a seleção e fichamento dos estudos. Resultados e Discussão: Houve uma minuciosa leitura e a construção de uma revisão integrando os resultados acerca da temática formando a segunda etapa. Na terceira etapa foi realizada a elaboração textual da cartilha..........

Keywords: ...................

[1]. Gomes, Salvador Viana, Et Al. "Aspectos Patológicos E O Papel Da Enfermagem No Acompanhamento Do Paciente Com Hanseníase/Functional Aspects And The Role Of Nursing In The Monitoring Of Patients With Leprosy." Catussaba-Issn 2237-3608 4.3 (2015): 103-111.
[2]. Ministério Da Saúde. Secretaria De Vigilância Em Saúde. Estratégia Global Aprimorada Para Redução Adicional Da Carga Da Hanseníase. Organização Mundial De Saúde, 2009.
[3]. Filho, Marcos Mesquita; Gomes, Cristina Filomena Lazzari. Preconceito E Conhecimento Sobre Hanseníase: A Situação Do Agente Comunitário De Saúde. Revista Bioethikos- Centro Universitário São Camilo - 2014;8(2):153-160.

[4]. Tannure, Meire Chucre, And Ana Maria Pinheiro. "Sae: Sistematização Da Assistência De Enfermagem: Guia Prático." Sae: Sistematização Da Assistência De Enfermagem: Guia Prático. Guanabara Koogan, 2011.

[5]. Prado C, Peres Hhc, Leite Mmj. Tecnologia Da Informação E Da Comunicação Em Enfermagem. São Paulo: Editora Atheneu; 2011.

Abstract: Objetivo:descrever conhecimentos e práticas de homens acerca da prevenção do câncer de próstata, identificar se realizam a prevenção do câncer de próstata e conhecer os motivos/razões que levam à baixa aderência do homem ao serviço de saúde, especialmente, para realização do exame de toque retal. Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em instituição de referência em diabetes e hipertensão, em Fortaleza/CE, de agosto a setembro de 2011. Participaram 33 homens, sendo os dados coletados através de questionário..........

Keywords:.....................

[1]. Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Estimativa 2014: incidência do câncer no Brasil [Internet]. [acesso em 22 ago 2012]. Disponível:http://www.inca.gov.br/estimativa/2014/estimativa2014
[2]. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Departamento de Informática do SUS – DATASUS. Indicadores e Dados Básicos – IDB 2011. [acesso em 22 ago 2012]. Disponível:http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/idb2011/matriz.htm
[3]. Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Estimativa 2012: incidência do câncer no Brasil [Internet]. [acesso em 22 ago 2012]. Disponível: http://www.inca.gov.br/estimativa/2012/estimativa2012
[4]. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Ações Programáticas Estratégicas, Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem: princípios e diretrizes. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2008.

Abstract: Background: Urinary Tract Infection is one of the commonest infections, which affect humans. Half of all women have a UTI in their lifetime and one fourth have recurrent infections. Health behaviors can help patients to prevent Urinary Tract Infection recurrence and changing beliefs is necessary for health behavior change. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of instructional program about prevention of UTI recurrence on the level of knowledge and self-care behaviors among women with UTIs.........

Keywords: Education, instructional program, Women, Urinary Tract Infection

[1]. McKenzie H, Donnet ML, Howie PW, Patel NB, Benvie DT. Risk of preterm delivery in pregnant women with group B streptococcal urinary infections or urinary antibodies to group B streptococcal and E. coli antigens. Br J ObstetGynaecol. Feb 2009; 101(2):107-13.
[2]. Smaill F. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Best Pract Res ClinObstetGynaecol. Jun 2007;21(3):439-50.
[3]. Sheiner E, Mazor-Drey E, Levy A. Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. May 2009;22(5):423-7.
[4]. Duarte G, Marcolin AC, Quintana SM, Cavalli RC. [Urinary tract infection in pregnancy]. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. Feb 2008;30(2):93-100.
[5]. Millar LK, Cox SM. Urinary tract infections complicating pregnancy. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Mar 2007;11(1):13-26.

Abstract: In Saudi Arabia, hypertension is increasing in prevalence due to the significant changes in the standard of living and lifestyle. The purpose of this paper was to determine the correlation between self-care behaviors and socio-demographic characteristics among women with hypertension. Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was used. Socio-demographic characteristics, hypertension self-care behaviors, and hypertension related information were collected from a convenience sample through interviews using structured questionnaire........

Keywords: Hypertension, self-care behaviors, women, Saudi Arabia

[1] World Health Organization, The world health statistics 2012 report. 2012, http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics.
[2] World Health Organization, A global brief on Hypertension: Silent killer, global public health crisis. World Health Organization, Geneva , Switzerland. 2013.
[3] Hall, J.E., et al., Hypertension and cardiovascular disease in women. Hypertension, 2008. 51:951.
[4] Gudmundsdottir, H., et al., Hypertension in Women: Latest Findings and Clinical Implications. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease, 2012. 3(3): p. 137-146.

Abstract: The core purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of Iraqi faculty members toward e-learning at all governmental nursing colleges, as well as to explore the relationship between their attitudes toward e-learning and their socio-demographic characteristics, beside other related variables. Forty-four faculty members were purposively targeted to respond to the study questionnaire, which was constructed to examine their attitude toward e-learning by using typical five-level Likert item............

Keywords: Survey, attitudes, E-Learning, & Iraqi nursing faculty

[1] Varlamis, I., & Apostolakis, I. The present and future of standards for e-learning technologies. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 2(2), 2006, 59-76.
[2] Qudais, M. A., Al-Adhaileh, M., & Al-Omari, A. Senior faculty members' attitudes in Jordanian universities towards using Information and Communication Technology. Int. Arab J. e-Technol., 1(4), 2010, 135-141.
[3] Panda, S. & Mishra, S. E-Learning in a mega Open University: Faculty attitude, bariiers and motivators. Educational Media
International, 44 (4), 323-338.
[4] Akaslan, D., & Law, E. L. Measuring teachers' readiness for e-learning in higher education institutions associated with the subject of
electricity in Turkey. In Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 2011 IEEE (pp. 481-490). IEEE.
[5] Nawaz, A., & Kundi, G. M. Predictor of e-learning development and use practices in higher education institutions (HEIs) of NWFP,
Pakistan. Journal of Science and Technology Education Research, 1(3), 2010, 44-54.

Abstract: Background : The working population represents half of the world's population; their health is determined not only by the work place but also by social, individual factor as well as access to available health services. Literatures indicated that there is a strong relationship between training on health and safety and reduced work accident rates among industrial workers. Materials & methods: An experimental pre test post test control group design was used. A sample of 30 workers in each group was administered knowledge and expressed practice questionnaires........

Keywords: frontline worker, occupational hazard, safety measure, structured teaching program

[1]. H.Park, Dongho Nahm. New Occupational Allergen in a Pharmaceutical Industry: Serratial Peptidase and Lysozyme Chloride, Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 78(2), February 1997, 225–229.
[2]. Health and Safety Executive (HSE) collated ergonomic injury data submitted throughReporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations, Northern Ireland (RIDDOR), 2004. [3]. S.P Binks. Occupational toxicology and the control of exposure to pharmaceutical agents at work, Occupational medicine, 53(6), 2003, 363-370. [4]. Zhonghua,L.D. et al. Investigation of occupational health status of female workers in pharmaceutical industry of Shandong and Gansu provinces, National Institute of Health, 29(9), September 2011, 650-652.
[5]. Vineeta Shukla, Sharda Abusaria, Monika Dhankhar and K.V. Sastry, Epidemiological studies on bicycle manufacturing industrial workers, Journal of Environmental Biology, 28(3), 2007, 597-600

Abstract: Background: Child labor is a dominating phenomenon in Egypt. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of occupational health program on preventing hazards among child labor. A quasi - experimental design was used. The study was conducted at the Garment factories at Benha City. Egypt.: A convenient sample of (89) child labor .Two tools I- Interviewing questionnaire to assess socio-demographic characteristics for child labor and family, past history of occupational hazards, child knowledge about safe working environmental, and practices regarding first aid practices regarding occupational health.......

Keywords: Occupational health program, Child labor, Occupational hazards , protective equipment .

[1]. Tarek A. , Abdel Raouf N., Abdel Aziz N., Hassan N., Samir R. (2011): Child Labor in Egypt . B.Sc. thesis, Cairo University, Faculty of Economics and Political Science.
[2]. Beach, J., (2011): Risk assessment: a five step process . British Journal, Jul;10(17);350-353.
[3]. 3-International Labor Organization (ILO),(2012):Working Children in Egypt: Results of the 2010 National Child Labor Survey.International Programmer on the Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC).
[4]. Mokhtar M, Mai A.2010 . Determinants of Child Labor in Egypt, Master Thesis, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Statistics Department.
[5]. Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, (2012):

Abstract: This study was planned to evaluate the renal function tests and liver function tests and it carried out in Al-Yarmouk hospital,Baghdad –Iraqin patients withtype 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus by measuring(uricacid,urea and creatinine) ,Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) andAlanineaminotransferase (ALT). Seventy five individuals of Iraqi adults (male) were divided into three groups, 25 patients with type1 diabetes mellitus ,25 patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus and 25 normal individuals were taken as control.......

Keywords: Liver function tests, Diabetes mellitus, Renal function tests, Aminotransferase, kidney dysfunction.

[1]. Alberti, K.G. and Zimmet, P,Z. 1998. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus, provisional report of a WHO consultation. J.Diabet. Med. 15:539-553.
[2]. American diabetes Association. 2007. Standards of medical care indiabetes. J.Diabet. care. 30 suppl, 1:54-541.
[3]. The expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus : follow up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. 2003. J.Diabet. care. 26: 3160-3167.
[4]. Chatila, R. and West, A.B. Hepatomegaly and abnormal liver testsduetoglycogenosis in adults with diabetes. 1996. J.Med. 75(6): 327-33.
[5]. Foster, K.J.; Griffith, A.H.; Dewbury, K. and price, C.P.1980. Liver disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. J.Post. med . 56: 767-772.

Abstract: Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) in 2014 approved that more than fifty percentage of babies born by CD which considered twofold of proportion of caesarean deliveries in 2008.
Aim: This study intends to study the factors affecting women's perception about mode of delivery through explores the most factors affecting on women's perception about the mode of childbirth and to compare differences of women's perception due to a different locality.........

Keywords: Perception, factors vagina, Caesarean, and mode of delivery.

[1]. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Safe prevention of the primary cesarean delivery. Obstetric Care Consensus No. 1. Am J Obstet. Gynecol.2014; 123:693711
[2]. Armson BA. Is planned cesarean childbirth a safe alternative? Canadian Medical Association Journal 2007; 176 (4):475-6.

[3].Black C, Kaye JA, Jick H. Cesarean delivery in the United Kingdom: time trends in the general practice research database. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106: 151-5.

[4]. Bryanton J, Gagnon A, Johnston C, Hatem M. Predictors of women's perceptions of the childbirth experience. J ObstetGynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008; 37(1):24-34.

Abstract: Globally it is estimated that about 400 million individuals are chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and that more than a million people die annually from HBV related causes. The high carrier rate and hepatitis B being an endemic disease in Nigeria reveal the associated risk of infection among nurses and midwives. If the midwife is infected, the life of the mother and the baby stands the risk in this one infection. This study, investigated midwives knowledge and practice for the prevention of Hepatitis B infection in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Nigeria........

Keywords:Prevention, Hepatitis B, Midwives

[1]. Amoo, O. P, Maknde, T. O, Tijani, A. W. (2008). Awareness and Attitude of Health Care Workers Towards Implementation of Universal Safety Precautions in Selected Hospital in Ogbomosho West African Journal of Nursing. 19(2), 85 – 86.
[2]. Bhat, M., Ghali, P., Deschenes, M., and Wong (2012) Hepatitis B and the infected health care worker: Public safety at what cost? Can J Gastroenterol v.26(5) Burger, A. (2006). Critical Thinking in Comprehensive Student Nurses. Curationis. 22(4), 24-28.
[3]. Chao, J. Chang T. Z, So, R. S, (2010). Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer Knowledge and Practices among Health Care and Public Health Professionals in China. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/98
[4]. Emechebe,G,. Emodi ,I., Ikefuna A, Ilechukwu , G,.Igwe ,W, Ejiofor ,O, Ilechukwu,C., (2009) Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria - A review Niger Med.J.50: 18- 22
[5]. Halfon P, Bourle O.M, Pol S, Benhamou Y, Smelzer S.C and Bare B (2008). Brunner and Suddaths Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing. (11th ed).Lippincott Williams and Wiking Philadelphia.

Abstract: Background: Chronic Comorbid conditions are emerging to be a global concern; while management interventions remain being medical oriented and fragmented, with diminutive regard to the cultural aspects of people especially at the primary health care levels. Aim and settings: To understand how management of comorbid diabetes and hypertension is conceptualized in primary health care settings in Nandi County in the Kenyan from the patients and health care providers' perspectives........

Keywords: chronic conditions, comorbid, culture, self-management, collaboration, diabetes, hypertension

[1]. WHO. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. . Geneva: World Health orgainization, 2011.
[2]. Alwan, A., Armstrong, T., Cowan, M., Riley, L., Organization, W.H. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2011. Geneva (CH). 2011.
[3]. Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya. 2013 Kenya Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey. Nairobi: Government of Kenya; 2014. p. 90.
[4]. Valderas, J.M., Starfield, B., Sibbald, B., Salisbury, C., Roland, M. Defining comorbidity: implications for understanding health and health services. The Annals of Family Medicine. 2009;7(4):357-63.
[5]. Bloomfield, G.S., Kimaiyo, S., Carter, E.J., Binanay, C., Corey, G.R., Einterz, R.M., et al. Chronic noncommunicable cardiovascular and pulmonary disease in sub-Saharan Africa: An academic model for countering the epidemic. American heart journal. 2011;161(5):842-7.

Abstract: Background: Test anxiety is a combination of physiological over-arousal, tension and somatic symptoms, along with worry, dread, fear of failure, and catastrophizing, that occur before or during test situations. Objective of this study:The aim of the current study is to give a clear over view about the concept of test anxiety and its implications. Methods :The issues provided in this article, present a detailed review of the current literature related to testing, including the conceptualization and components of test anxiety, possible sources of perception, Applying these contents as a whole with consideration of current views about test anxiety will broaden our knowledge in the field of test anxiety.........

Keywords: Test – Anxiety- Student –Under graduate

[1]. Abdulghani HM, AlKanhal AA, Mahmoud ES, Ponnamperuma GG, Alfaris EA. Stress and its effects on medical students: a cross-sectional study at a college of medicine in Saudi Arabia. J Health Popul Nutr [Internet]. 2011 Oct;29(5):516–22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22106758
[2]. Spielberger CD, Vagg PR. Test anxiety: A transactional Process Model. 1995. 3-14 p.
[3]. Rana R, Mahmood N. The relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement. Bull Educ Res [Internet]. 2010;32(2):63–74. Available from: http://results.pu.edu.pk/images/journal/pesr/PDF-FILES/4-Rizwan Akram Rana.pdf
[4]. Wachelka D, Katz RC. Reducing test anxiety and improving academic self-esteem in high school and college students with learning disabilities. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry [Internet]. 1999 Sep;30(3):191–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619543
[5]. Peleg O. TEST . Learn Disabil Q. 2009;11–20.

Abstract: Background: The 6-min walking test (6MWT) is a simple test, which does not require expensive equipment or advanced training. It has been used in heart failure patients to assess exercise tolerance, the effects of therapy and prognosis. Accordingly, post-surgical cardiac rehabilitation may be a potential field of application of this test Objective(s): To identify tolerance of the exercise through Comparing six minutes walking and hemodynamic measurements (oxygen saturation(saO2),heart rate (HR)preoperative and at pre discharge from hospital between study and control groups and to identify brog scale rate for evaluation exertion associated with six minute waking given activity........

Keywords: six minute walking , Distance, CABG, Surgery

[1] S. Smeltzer ; B. Bare ; Hinkle,J. et al.: Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing ( Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Medical ,2010)
[2] A. Gualeni, A. D'Aloia , A. Gentilini et al:Effects of maximally tolerated oral therapy on the six-minute walking test in patients with chronic congestive heart failure secondary to either ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 81,1998 ,1370-1372.
[3] A.Laizo , F. Delgado, G. Rocha: Complications that increase the time of hospitalization at ICU of patients submitted to cardiac surgery. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 9 (2) , 2010,166–17
[4] W. Thirapatarapong and N.Chumwong :Pre-operative Pulmonary Training Program in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Patients at Siriraj Hospital.Siriraj Medical J., 62( 5), 2010,8.
[5] P.Ragawanti : Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs on Functional Capacity of Post

Abstract: Study Objective: Comparative study of rotator cuff tendinitis management by Ultrasound with Exercises and Exercises alone Design: Pre &post test control group design. Method and Measurements: 40 patients [Male=20, Female=20] from Outpatient department, who werediagnosed with rotator cuff tendinitis pain, were randomly assigned to either group A receiving US and Exercise combined and group B receiving Exercise alone. Treatment was given for 5 times in a week for the period of 3 weeks. Before treatment and after 3 weeks of treatment pain was assessed on VAS and MPQ........

Keywords: Continuous Ultrasound, Exercise, Rotator cuff,

[1] Pınar Dorukanalan, Berrınleblebıcı, Mehmet adam, Effects of therapeutic ultrasound and exercise on pain, function, and isokinetic shoulder rotator strength of patients with rotator cuff disease, J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 2015, Vol. 27, No. 10, 3113-3117.
[2] Krischak G, Gebhard F, Reichel H, et al.: A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing occupational therapy with home-based exercises in conservative treatment of rotator cuff tears. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2013, 22: 1173–1179.
[3] Calis HT, Berberoglu N, Calis M: Are ultrasound, laser and exercise superior to each other in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome? A randomized clinical trial. Eur J PhysRehabil Med, 2011, 47: 375–380.
[4] Leblebici B, Adam M, Yapgu S, et al.: Comparing the effects of open versus closed kinetic chain scapulohumeral stability exercises in rotator cuff problems. Turk Phys Med Rehab, 2007, 53: 134–137.
[5] Celik D, Atalar AC, Sahinkaya S, et al, The value of intermittent ultrasound treatment in subacromial impingement syndrome. ActaOrthopTraumatolTurc, 2009, 43: 243–247.

Abstract: The rapid rise of non communicable diseases represents one of the major challenges to global development in the coming century .Globally death from non communicable diseases are expected to climb to 49.7 million in 2020, increase of 77% in adolescent members . The World Health report identifies five important risk factors for non communicable diseases in the top ten leading risks to health. They are hypertension, raised cholesterol, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and obesity..............

[1] 1.Sarangi Lisa, P Acharya Himanshu; journal on substance abuse among adolescents; journal of community medicine, October 2008; p265-81.
[2] 2.Khuwaja Ali Khan, Khawaja Saleem, Journal on substance Abuse among rural adolescents; Journal previous medical public health .2011 setember, p 150-99.
[3] 3.Ambily G. S.Syamakumari,Vellayani,Thiruvanathapuram; The Internet Journal of Nutrition and Wellness; Volume 6: 2008
[4] 4.By WHO; Prevalence of Sustained hypertension and obesity and other diseases in urban and rural school going children in Ludhiana Indian heart journal 2004: 56(4) :p310-314
[5] 5.Article by world Health Organization on non communicable disease: March2013

Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer afflicting women globally and in Nigeria. Breast cancer screening can reduce morbidity and mortality and improve the survival rate of breast cancer. It is expected that healthcare providers who maintain and develop the society's health, should have a higher level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice in the field of healthy behaviours. This study therefore assessed the knowledge of female healthcare providers/professionals on breast cancer, breast cancer screening services and also their awareness of the availability of these screening services in the tertiary institution where they work. The study employed a cross-sectional design........

Keywords: Awareness, Breast cancer, Healthcare professionals, Knowledge, Mammography

[1] Olaleye, F. One in every 25 Nigerian women dies of cancer. Vanguard newspaper November 22, 2013. www.vanguardngr.com/2013/11/one-every-25-nigerian-women-dies-cancer-expert/. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
[2] Cooper GM. The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 2nd edition. 2000
[3] Fregene A, Newman LA. Breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: how does it relate to breast cancer in African-American women? Cancer. 2005 Apr 15;103(8):1540-50.
[4] Okobia MN, Bunker CH, Okonofua FE, Osime U. Knowledge attitude and practice of Nigerian women towards breast cancer : A cross sectional Study. World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2006;4:11.
[5] Anyanwu SNC. Temporal trends in breast cancer presentation in the third world. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 27(1): 17.

Abstract: The present study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on effect of air pollution regarding Knowledge among the high school students in selected high school areas of Bangalore. In the present study, evaluative approach was selected. One group pre and post test design was adopted. The Structured Knowledge Questionnaire on the effects of air pollution on health, was developed to collect the data. Pilot study was conducted from 20.6.2007 to 26.6.2007 at Mirambika school for new age J.P. Nagar of Bangalore. The final study was conducted from 19th July 2007 to 26th July 2007 at the Oxford secondary school in J.P.Nagar........

Keywords: The structure teaching programme – The effect of air pollution on health – The High school (10th standard) students.

[1] Stanhope Marcia, Jeanette Lancaster. Community Health Nursing Process and Practice for promotion of health. 3rdedition. New Delhi : Mosby Book Publication Inc; 1992.
[2] Dr. Sunder Rao Kasturi. An Introduction to Community Health Nursing. 3rd edition. Annasali Chennai: BI Publication; 2000.
[3] Dr. Ghai O.P, Piyush Gupta. Text Book of preventive and social medicine. 2nd edition. New Delhi: CBS Publishers ; 2007.
[4] Mahajan B.K, Gupta M.C. Text Book of preventive and social medicine. 2nd edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brother Medical Publishers; 1995.
[5] World Health Organization. Air pollution in India. New Delhi: National Geo-Physical Research Laboratory; 2004 April 1.