iosr-JNHS   Volume-5 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2016

Abstract: Aims of the study: To assess secondary school students` knowledge about some selected micronutrients and compare between rural and urban school students regarding their knowledge. Subjects & Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. The present study was carried out in 8 schools in Assiut District. The sample consisted of 880 subjects: 440 students from rural schools and 440 from urban schools. Two tools were used: the Socio- economic scale developed by Abd El-Twaab (2004) and a self- administered questionnaire which was designed to assess students` knowledge about vitamin A, iron and iodine..............

Keywords: Rural – urban- students - micronutrients

[1]. Allen L, Benoist B, Dary O and Hurrell R (2006): Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients Geneva WHO Press .p 49.
[2]. Amare B, Moges B, Fantahun B, Tafess K and Woldeyohannes D (2012): Micronutrient levels and nutritional status of school children living in Northwest Ethiopia. Nutr J 11:108.
[3]. Bhavesh M, Prakash P, Shailesh S and Paresh D (2010): Knowledge attitude and practice regarding micronutrient in secondary school students of tribal area in Gujarat, National Journal of Community Medicine; 1(2): pp100-1.
[4]. Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M and Ezzati M (2010): Maternal and child under nutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet ; 371: 243-60
[5]. Brugnara C, Adamson J and Auerbach M (2013): Iron deficiency: what are the future trends in diagnosis and therapeutics? Clin Chem.; 59(5):740-5.

Abstract: The senior citizens are at high risk for falls and accidents. It is estimated that one in three senior citizens aged 65 years and above are at risk to fall. Most of the falls result in minimal injury while 20 to 25% suffer serious injury such as hip fracture and head injuries. It is reported that 55 % of the fall injuries among senior citizens occur inside the home whereas 20% of fall outside but near the home and 25% occur away from the home. Most of the falls at homes can be prevented with adequate knowledge and awareness.

[1]. Jayestri S R et al. Impact of demographic transition in elderly life. Nursing Journal of India.2011 April; 3(2);30-40
[2]. Kaur M. Time for introducing Geriatric care. Nightingale Nursing Times. 2011 Feb; 6(11): 21-27
[3]. Josephine Punitha, T. Vidya, "Assessing home safety for senior citizens." 2009 Dec. Vol 5 p.n.9
[4]. Guswami D, "Indias population of senior citizens, article of India Together, 2007, Dec, col.4 p 15-16
[5]. Elsevier "Meeting safety needs of older adults " chapter 9, page 167-169

Abstract: Autologous stem cell transplant can be a curative therapy to restore normal hematopoiesis after myeloablative treatments in patients with malignancies. Aim: To evaluate the effect of rehabilitation program for caregivers about patients' post autologous bone marrow transplantation Research Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital at Oncology Outpatient Clinic of Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit. Sample: A purposive sample comprised; a total number of 60 patients, their age ranged from 21 to 50 years, free from any other chronic disease and the caregivers are living with the patients in the same home. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection

Keywords: Autologous bone marrow transplantation, family caregivers, rehabilitation program, sanitary environment, activities of daily living and instrumental daily living activities.

[1] National Cancer Institute. (2016): Bone marrow transplantation and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Accessed at: www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/bone-marrow-transplant in April 4, 2016.
[2] Thomas, S. (2009): Autologous transplant patient guide. Psychosocial adjustment and quality of life among multiple myeloma patients undergoing evaluation for autologous stem cell transplantation, (6th ed.). California, USA, UNC Cancer Care. P.33.
[3] Harrison, N., Mitterbauer, M., & Tobudic, S. (2015): Incidence and characteristics of invasive fungal diseases in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis.;15:584.
[4] US Department of Health and Human Services. (2016): Blood cell transplant. Donation Frequently Asked Questions. Accessed at: http://bloodcell.transplant.hrsa.gov/donor/donating/donation_faqs/in April 4, 2016.
[5] Frey, P., Stinson, T., & Siston A. (2012): Lack of caregivers limits use of outpatient hematopoietic stem cell transplant program. Bone Marrow Transplant. (4th ed.). USA: California,p. 741.

Abstract: Obstacles to nurse's performance are the barriers that prevent intensive care nurses from performing their duty effectively. It is now widely accepted that about 10% of all patients admitted to hospital will be unintentionally harmed. Patient safety refers to the prevention of errors to patients during health care. Aim: to explore performance obstacles in ICU and their effects on patients` safety. Objectives are to: investigate performance obstacles in ICU among nurses, describe patient safety attitude among ICU nurses and to identify the effect of performance obstacles on patient safety in ICU. Research design is descriptive exploratory research design.........

Keywords: ICU, nurses, obstacles, patient safety

[1]. AikenL., Sermeus,W , Heede K., Sloane D., Busse,R. McKee M. , Bruyneel L., Rafferty A., Griffiths P. , Moreno-Casbas M., Tishelman C., Scott A.,, Brzostek T., Kinnunen J., Schwendimann R., Heinen M., Zikos D., Sjetne I., Smith H., Kutney-Lee A.( 2012). Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States. http://www.bmj.com/content/344/bmj.e1717
[2]. Al- Ahmadi TA .(2009). Measuring Patient Safety Culture in Riyadh's Hospitals: A Comparison between Public and Private Hospitals. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 84(5-6):479-500.
[3]. Al Malaq H., Al Aqeel S. & Al Sultan M. (2008). Adverse Drug Reactions Related To Hospitalization Identified By Discharge ICD-9 Codes In A University Hospital In Riyadh. Saudi Med; 29 (8): 1145 – 1150.
[4]. Alayed AS, Lööf H, Johansson UB.(2014). Saudi Arabian ICU safety culture and nurses' attitudes. Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2014;27(7):581-93.
[5]. Allen S. (2009). Developing a safety culture: the unintended consequences of a " one size fits all" policy. Thesis. Faculty of nursing, midwifery and health. University of technology. Sydney

Abstract: Therapeutic ultrasound has been employed therapeutically for decades and it is currently used by physiotherapists to treat a wide variety of soft tissue injuries and wound healing.It is thought that using low intensity ultrasound (≤3 W/cm2) can be used to stimulate normal physiological responses to injury to aid repair.Proper aseptic precautions were taken while giving ultrasound. Women were divided into two groups, treatment and placebo. Treatment was given only after 24 hours of delivery for 3 consecutive days. The duration of the treatment was 4 minutes. Women belonging to both the groups were requested not to take any type of sit bath and ointment for 3 days of the treatment which was discussed with the respective gynecologists.........

Keywords: Episiotomy, perineal pain, therapeutic ultrasound, wound healing

[1]. Hoda Abed El-AzimMohamed &Nahed Saied El-Nagger, Effect of Self Perineal Care Instructions on Episiotomy Pain and Wound Healing of Postpartum Women, Journal of American Science, 8(6), 2012.
[2]. Jennifer Man, Richard M. Shelton, Paul R. CooperBen A. Scheven, Low-intensity Low-frequency Ultrasound Promotes Proliferation and Differentiation of Odontoblast-like Cells, Journal of endodontics, 38(5), 2012, 608-613.

[3]. Watson JM, Kang'ombe AR, Soares MO, Chuang LH, Worthy G, Bland JM, Iglesias C, Cullum N, Torgerson D, Nelson EA. Use of weekly, low dose, high frequency ultrasound for hard to heal venous leg ulcers: the VenUS III randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 48(4), 2008, 321-9.

[4]. Tan J, Abisi S, Smith A, Burnand KG. A painless method of ultrasonically assisted debridement of chronic leg ulcers: a pilot study. EurVascEndovascSurg33, 2007, 234-8.
[5]. Kettle C, Johanson R, Absorbable synthetic versus catgut suture material for perineal repair. The Cochrane Library, 1999.

Abstract: Background and aim: This study was conducted to determine the stress of doctors and nurses who worked at a State Hospital and their coping strategies with stress. Methods: The sample of this study was consisted of doctors and nurses in State Hospital between 01.03.2014- 30.06.2014 and at total 249 health professionals were taken to the study. Data was collected with a questionnaire form that improved by the researchers and Coping Strategies for Stress Scale. Descriptive statistics, chi square, independent samples t test were used to analyze data. Moreover, ethical committee approval, the permission of relevant public institutions and the consent of the participants were taken for this study.........

Keywords: Coping with stress, health care workers, stress, work stress

[1]. .............Effective coping strategies with stress: Relaxation Exercises.Publication of Turkish Psychologists, 2010, Ankara: 5-14.
[2]. Aydın. KB, Stress Coping, in Öner U (Ed.), The Series of Group Guidance Programs with Practicing (1. Edition) (Nobel Publication Distribution, 2006). 25-45
[3]. Wu. S, Zhu. W, Li. H, Yu. I. T. S, Lin. S, Wang. X, & Yang. S, Quality of life and its influencing factors among medical professionals in China, International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 83(7), 2010, 753-761.
[4]. Callaghan. P, Tak‐Ying. S. A, & Wyatt. P. A, Factors related to stress and coping among Chinese nurses in Hong Kong, Journal Of Advanced Nursing,31(6), 2000, 1518-1527.
[5]. Yau. S. Y, Xiao. X. Y, Lee. L. Y. K, Tsang. A. Y. K, Wong. S. L, & Wong. K. F, Job stress among nurses in China, Applied Nursing Research,25(1), 2012, 60-64.

Abstract: Feeding by means of nasogastric tube is an alternative feeding method that is applied to patients who are unable to perform the normal swallowing process. The current paper presents an original educational instrument which purpose is that of empowering patients and caregivers in self-providing/providing health care assistance. It consists in a set of pictograms that complement the clinical nursing procedure on nasogastric tube feeding. Specifically, the instrument aims at explaining to the patient and to their informal caregivers, through pictograms, the proper procedure to manage adequate nasogastric feeding in the context of home care.

Keywords: Nasogastric feeding; Patient education; Informal caregiver; Pictograms.

[1]. David, R., and Thomas, M. (2015). Enteral Tube Nutrition. Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Available at: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/nutritional_disorders/nutritional_support/eteral_tube_nutrition [Accessed 30 October 2015].
[2]. Elkin, M.K., Perry, A.G., and Potter, P.A. (2000). Alimentação Entérica. In M.K. Elkin, A.G. Perry, & P.A. Potter (Orgs). Intervenções de Enfermagem e Procedimentos Clínicos. (pp. 799-814). Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
[3]. Elkin, M.K., Perry, A.G., and Potter, P.A. (2000). Entubação Nasogástrica. In M.K. Elkin., A.G. Perry, & P.A. Potter (Orgs). Intervenções de Enfermagem e Procedimentos Clínicos. (pp. 789-798). Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier. [4]. Braegger, C., Decsi, T., Dias, J.A., Hartman, C., Kolacek, S., Koletzko, B., Koletzko, S., Mihatsch, W., Moreno, L., Puntis, J., Shamir, R.,Szajewska, H., Turck, D., and Van Goudoever, J. (2010). Practical Approach to Pediatric Enteral Nutrition: A Comment by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Journal Pediatric Gastroenterology Nutrition, 51(1), 110–122.
[5]. Lacerda, M.R., Giacomozzi, C.M., Oliniski, S.R., and Truppel, T.C. (2006). Atenção à saúde no domicílio: modalidades que fundamentam sua prática. Saúde e Sociedade, 15(2), 1-8.

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a major health problem to the whole world as it plays a major role in causing surgical problems like peripheral vascular disease (PVD), cataract, ischemic heart disease (IHD) foot ulcer, chronic renal failure and skin and subcutaneous sepsis. Objective: The main objective is to identify the prevalence of medical problems which require surgical intervention (MPRSI) in DM patients. It also aims to assess the patient's knowledge regarding those conditions and to identify possible reasons for the development of MPRSI in DM.........

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, medical or surgical problems in diabetes mellitus

[1]. American Diabetes Association. (2013, 6 7). Eye Complications. Retrieved 8 14, 2013, from www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/eye-complications/: http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/eye-complications/

[2]. Draper, R. (2011, 01 21). Precautions with patients with undergoing surgery. Retrieved 07 17, 2013, from www.patient.co.uk: http://www.patient.co.uk
[3]. Gaziano, T. A. (2005). Heart Disease in Africa. Circulation, 3547-3553.
[4]. Guptha, R. (2010, 8).Diabetes in India: Current Status. Retrieved 7 23, 2013, from www.diabetesinformationhub.com:http:// www.diabetesinformationhub.com
[5]. Jeganathan,V.S.E.et al.,(2008). Occular Association of Diabetes other than Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetic care, 1905-1912.

Abstract: Disk prolapse is the most common cause of intolerable lower back pain and the potential for serious adverse neurological consequences. This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing an educational program about proper body mechanics on low back pain and activities of daily living among patients with disc prolapse. Subjects and methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted to meet the aim of the study .The study was conducted in neurology department of Shebin El koom University and Teaching hospitals at Menoufia governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample.........

Keywords: Disk prolapse, Educational program, Body mechanics, Low back pain

[1]. Hochberg, M. Michael, W. Alan, S. Michael, W. Josef S. and Roye M., Back Pain. Practical Rheumatology. 3rded. (Philadelphia, Mosby, 2004), .2227- 2230.
[2]. Asell, M. Sjolander, P. Kerschbaumer, H. and Djupsjobacka, M., Are lumbar repositioning errors larger among patients with chronic low back pain compared with asymptomatic subjects? Arch Phys Med Rehabil., 87, 2006, 1170–1176.
[3]. Sahin, N. Albayrak, I. Durmus, B. and Ugurlu, H., Low back pain management .J Rehabil Med.;43(3), 2011, 224-229.
[4]. Shahram, L., Chronic back pain, (2005), [Online] available at http://www. Back Trouble.co.uk retrieved on 23-2 -2015.
[5]. Scott H., Prolapsed disc, (2009), [Online] available at http://www.backdoctor.org.uk retrieved on 15-11-2014.

Abstract: To was determine the effects of midwifery education on midwives' professional self-esteem and problem solving skills. The study was conducted with 277 students who agreed to participate in the study in Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences Midwifery Department of a state university located in Central Anatolia region of Turkey. In study Arıcak Professional Self-Esteem Scale (APSES) to assess the professional self-esteem of students, and Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) to assess the problem solving skill of the individual were used as data collection tools. While the professional self-esteem levels were the highest among the 3rd year students they were the lowest among the 4th year students. On the other hand, while the 1st year students' problem solving skills were the lowest.........

Keywords: Professional self-esteem, problem solving skills, midwifery, health education, health care quality

[1] E. Unal, and S. Simsek. An analysis of pre service elementary school teachers‟ occupational respect according to different variables, Elementary Education, 7(1), 2008, 41-52.
[2] V. Demir, F. Gursoy, and S. Ada. Investigation of the preschool teachers' professional self-esteem. Journal of Social Sciences Gaziantep University, 10(1), 2011, 597-614.
[3] R.F. Craven, and C.J. Hirnle. Fundamentals of Nursing; Human Health and Function (Lippincott: Philadelphia, 2000).
[4] M.E. Sardogan, T.F. Karahan, and C. Kaygusuz. An investigation of university students' ındecisiveness strategies in level of the problem solving skill, gender, level of class, and kind of the faculty, Journal of Faculty of Education Mersin University, 2, 2006, 78-97.
[5] N. Cinar, C. Sozeri, S. Sahin, R. Cevahir, and M. Say. Problem solving skills of the nursing and midwifery students and influential factors. Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem, 12(4), 2010, 601-606.

Abstract: Nursingis a challenging profession because it requires expertise in a broad range of skills and abilities. Negative emotion such as anger expression can result in maladaptive behavior, which will eventually lead nursing students to aggressive behaviors that influence the quality of nursing care .This study aimed toassess levels and type of aggressive behaviors among faculty nursing students. The study followed a descriptive research design, and carried out in the class room at Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University. The study subject included 275 nursing students who enrolled in psychiatric nursing educational course.......

[1] Cha NH, &Sok SR. Depression, self-esteem, and anger expression patterns of Korean nursing students. International Nursing
Review. Internal Council of nurses. 2013;61:109-115
[2] KimG.H,& Kim K.H. Factors related to happiness in first year women nursing students. Journal of Korean Academy Psychiatric
Mental Health Nursing .2012;21:149-157
[3] Cha N.H&SeoE.J. The relationship between anger expression and self- esteem in nursing college students. Journal of Korean
Academy Community Health Nursing. 2012;23: 451-459.
[4] Reeve K.L. Perceived stress and social support in undergraduate nursing students' educational experiences. Nurse Education Today.
2012,33:419-929
[5] ToylorH&RoyesH. Self – efficacy and resilience in baccalaureate nursing students. International Journal of Nursing Education
Scholarship, 2012; 9:1-13.

Abstract: A descriptive study was conducted to describe the patients' concerns regarding symptoms severity and treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy. A convenience sample of 100 adult male patients diagnosed with benign prostate hypertrophy was surveyed using a questionnaire with items covering socio-demographic data, the International Prostate Symptom Score, and patients' concerns about symptoms severity and treatment of enlarged prostate. The findings indicated that 60% of all participants aged 55-64 years had mild or moderate lower urinary tract symptom severity (LUTS).Men with moderate LUTS had worse quality of life (QoL) score compared to men who had mild LUTS. The major concerns experienced by patients that motivated them to ask medical advice for symptoms of BPH were the impact of symptoms on social and professional life, fear of cancer, frustration and the embarrassment of symptoms........

Keywords: patients' concerns; benign prostate hypertrophy.

[1] Barkin, J., Roehrborn, C. G., Siami, P., Haillot, O., Morrill, B., Black, L., Montorsi, F. &CombAT Study Group(2009). Effect of
dutasteride, tamsulosin and the combination on patient-reported quality of life and treatment satisfaction in men with moderate-tosevere
BPH: 2-year data from the CombAT trial. BJU International,103(7), 919-26.
[2] Carbone, D.J,& Hodges, S.(2003). Medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: Sexual dysfunction and impact on quality of
life. International Journal of Impotence Research,15(4), 299-306.
[3] Cunningham, B. S., Allbutt, H., Garraway, W.M. & Lee, A.J. (1996). Perceptions of urinary symptoms and health-care–seeking
behavior amongst men aged 40-79 years. British Journal of General Practice,46(407), 349-52.
[4] Emberton,M.(2010). Medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Physician and patient preferences and satisfaction.
International Journal of Clinical Practice,64(10),1425-1435.
[5] Emberton, M.&Martorana, G.(2006). BPH: Social impact and patient‟s perspective. European Urology Supplements, 5(20), 991-
996.

Abstract: Background:-Endotracheal suction is a recurrent and essential procedure in patients with mechanical ventilation. Suction airway leads to mucosal stimulation and mucus production. Cardiovascular disorder and sever hypoxia are significant complications of suction. Therefore, selecting the least dangerous way of endotracheal tube suction can reduce severe complications. Aim of the study: this study aimed to determine the effects of open versus closed endotracheal suctioning system on vital signs among mechanical ventilated patients.........

Keywords:Closed suction; open suction; mechanical ventilation.

[1]. Inan D, Saba R, Yalcin A, Yilmaz M, Ongut G, Ramazanoglu A and Mamikoglu L., Deviceassociatednosocomial infection rates in Turkish medical-surgical intensive care units. Infect. ControlHosp.Epidemiol. 2006; 27(4): 343-8.
[2]. Caramez M, Schettino G, Suchodolski K, Nishida T, Harris R, Malhotra A andKacmarek R. Theimpact of Endotracheal Suctioning on Gas Exchange and Hemodynamics during lung-ProtectiveVentilation in acute respiratory Distress Syndrome. Respir. Care. 2006 May; 51(5): 497-502.
[3]. Taylor C, Lillis C and LeMone P., Fundamentals of nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins,7th ed.2010, p 152
[4]. Phipps W, Monahan F, Sands J, Marek J and Neighbors M.,Medical-Surgical Nursing: Health andIllness Perspectives. St. Louis: MO: Mosby,8thed; 2011, p532.
[5]. El Masry A, Williams P, Chipman D, Kratohvil J andKacmarek R., The Impact of ClosedEndotracheal Suctioning Systems on Mechanical Ventilator Performance. Respir. Care. 2005 Mar; 50(3):345-53.

Abstract: Stoma in infants and children may be occurred anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract because of the wide variety of congenital and acquired conditions that necessitate stoma formation. The nurse can play a clinically relevant role in the care of children undergoing ostomy surgery pre and post-operative education, counseling, discharge planning and out- patient follow up that facilitate adjustment, reduce complications and improve overall quality of life. Aim: the study aims to improve nurses' knowledge and practices regarding care of children with intestinal stomas.........

Keywords: Stoma, Intestinal stoma, Nurses, Children, Educational program.

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[2] Taylor, J., Crodes, W., Parker, M., Watts, J. and Whitehead, D. Guideline for care of a patient with a stoma. Nottingham University Hospitals NHS trust, supporting policy, working in new ways package, updated October, 2012.
[3] Minkes, R.K. and Grewal, H. Stomas of the small and large intestine, by web MDLLC. UK. Updated: Apri. 27, 2015.
[4] Swearingen, S. Introduction to the physical, psychological, emotional and spiritual care for ostomy patients-improving the quality of life. The Ohio Nurses Association. (OBN-001-91), November, 2014; CE4 Nurses.
[5] Wittenauer, J. Caring of the ostomy patient. National Center of Continuing Education, Inc, 2008..