IOSR-JAP   Volume-9 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2017

ABSTRACT: A relationship between mass as a geometric concept and motion associated with a closed curve in spacetime (a notion taken from differential geometry) is investigated. We show that the 4-dimensional exterior Schwarzschild solution of the General Theory of Relativity can be mapped to a 4-dimensional Euclidean spacetime manifold. As a consequence of this mapping, the quantity M in the exterior Schwarzschild solution which is usually attributed to a massive central object is shown to correspond to a geometric property of spacetime. An additional outcome of this analysis is the discovery that, because M is a property of spacetime geometry, an anisotropy with respect to its spacetime components measured.............

Keywords: Cosmic accelerated expansion, Euclidean spacetime, gravitational and inertial mass, Schwarzschild solution, Weitzenböck manifold

[1] R. Ellis, P. Ferreira, R. Massey, and G. Weszkalnys, 90 years on – the 1919 eclipse expedition at Príncipe, Astronomy and
Geophysics, 50, August 2009, 4.12-4.15.
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Pacific International Conference, Singapore, 2016, 378-381.
[3] K. O. Cottrell, New insights into the universe based on a unified approach, doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts
Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA, 2015.
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[5] D. L. Bennett, C. R. Das, L. V. Laperashvili, and H. B. Nielsen, The relation between the model of a crystal with defects and
Plebanski's theory of gravity, arXiv:1209.2155v2, [hep-th], October 20, 2012.

ABSTRACT: Ni-doped Yttria stabilized Zirconia (NiO/YSZ) has been synthesized using low cost combustion process from an aqueous solution containing ZrO(NO3)2.6H2O, Y(NO3)3.6H2O, Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and urea. Pellets were sintered at 13500C for 5 hours and its sintered density is estimated to be of 95%. Sintered pellets were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) & X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. From the XRD analysis, as grown powder of NiO/YSZ showed nano-crystalline behavior with homogeneous mixture of YSZ and NiO phases. However sintered powder showed μ-size dense grain growth..............

Keywords: NiO/YSZ composite, Combustion process, Dielectric properties, Mixed conductivity, SOFCs.

[1]. H. Mohebbi, T. Ebadzadeh, and F. A. Hesari, Synthesis of nano-crystalline NiO-YSZ by microwave- assisted combustion synthesis, Power Technol., 188(3), 2009, 183-186.
[2]. N. F. P. Ribeiro, M. M. V. M. Souza, O. R. M. Neto, S. M. R. Vasconcelos, and M. Schmal, Investigating the microstructure and catalytic properties of Ni/YSZ cermets as anodes for SOFC applications, Appl. Catalysis A: General, 353(2), 2009, 305-309.
[3]. G. Singh and K. L. Singh, Characterization of NiO-YSZ nanocomposite synthesized by combustion method, Int. J. for Sci. and Emerg. Technol., 3(1), 2012, 1-8.
[4]. S. C. Singhal and K. Kendall, High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications (1st edition, Elsevier, 2003).
[5]. B. Riley, Solid oxide fuel cells — the next stage, J. Power Sources, 29(1-2), 1990, 223-237.

ABSTRACT: The arrangement of waves or radiation in order of increasing frequencies is called electromagnetic spectrum. Frequency of microwave region is 300MHz to 300GHz. Corresponding wavelength is in between 1mm to 100cm. Here by using a microwave bench dielectric properties such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, loss tangent and dielectric relaxationtime of Dichlorobenzene, Bromobenzene and Nitrobenzene in different temperatures at X band frequrency are measured. Gopalakrishnan method is used for determination of relaxation time. Here real (€/) and imaginary (€")parts of complex dielectric constant( €*) were determined in the 3cm microwave region for different concentration of Dichlorobenzene, Bromobenzene and Nitrobenzene in Cyclohaxene at temperatures 240C, 330C and 410C ...............

Keywords: Dielectric constant, Relaxation time, Microwave X-band, Dielectric loss

[1]. Bahal B.S. and Bahal Arun, Advance Organic Chemistry
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ABSTRACT: A semiorganic 2-aminopyridine potassium hydrogen phthalate (2APKHP) crystal has been synthesized using slow evaporation solution growth technique at ambient temperature. The grown 2APKHP crystal was harvested with dimension 10x18x4 mm3. The lattice parameters of the as grown crystal are a=6.49Å, b=9.63 Å, c=13.27 Å and volume V=829 Å3 were obtained by Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, reveals that the 2APKHP crystal belongs to orthorhombic crystal system with space group PCa21. The Powder X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the crystalline nature of 2APKHP crystal and the (hkl) values are indexed for corresponding intensity value using INDX software...............

Keywords: Solution growth techniques; XRD analysis; UV spectrum.

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ABSTRACT: In this study, a linear deterministic method is applied to disaggregate streamflow from annual to daily data in unregulated stations located on the Kızılırmak river in Turkey. To disaggregate annual streamflows to the daily flow at the target station (TS), annual counterparts at the source station (SS) were identified depending on the minimum error criteria that is estimated based on the volume of three-year time window. Then, daily streamflow indexes at SS were calculated to disaggregate annual to daily streamflow at TS through the process. The same steps are replicated to disaggregate monthly streamflow to the daily flow for the purpose of comparison between the two methods...............

Keywords: Streamflow disaggregation, yearly to daily streamflow, flow index

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ABSTRACT: An experimental investigation using drag-out tensile test to calculate the the interfacial shear strength for different embedded lengths and radius of Kevlar -49 , carbon and ultra high polyethylene fibers reinforced epoxy matrix , the energy release rate calculated by using Nairn model , the energy release rate increase as the embedded fiber length increase and also for fiber radius for perfect adhesion , for specimens with bubbles at interface which seems to reduce the fracture toughness the energy release rate be less than specimens with perfect adhesion , the thermal stress and friction forces were included in the energy release rate , in Kevlar-49 and carbon reinforced epoxy the interfacial shear force due to friction part decrease while in sold ultra high polyethylene the interfacial shear force due to friction part increase

Keywords: Energy release rate , Crack , Drag-out , Interfacial shear stress

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ABSTRACT: This study aims to fabricate radiation protection shields using fly ash with barium Sulphate. Different thickness of fly ash geopolymer with 15% of barium sulphate was constructed, and different energies of X-ray ranged from 80 kVp - 120 kVp were used to assessment the attenuation ability of Lead and fly ash geopolymer with barium Sulphate shields. Different thicknesses of fly ash based shields are investigated to determine the equivalent thicknesses of fly ash geopolymer with barium sulphate which provide the same attenuation by Lead shields................

Keywords: Lead; Fly ash geopolymer; Thickness; Ba2SO4 ; Radiation proection

[1]. Sambyal, P., et al., Designing of MWCNT/ferrofluid/flyash multiphase composite as safeguard for electromagnetic radiation.
[2]. K, O., A.A.-k. K, and s. S, Barium Sulfate Epoxy Mixture Effects on Attenuation of Short Wavelength. Radiation Nuclear and
Radiation Physics, 2010. 80: p. 31333-31338.
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Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2008. 266(1): p. 140-146.
[4]. Kotwal, A.R., et al., Characterization and early age physical properties of ambient cured geopolymer mortar based on class C fly
ash. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 2015. 9(1): p. 35-43.
[5]. Gunasekara, M., D. Law, and S. Setunge, Effect of composition of fly ash on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer
mortar. 2014.

ABSTRACT: We introduce a series of new energy sources SU(6), SU(12), SU(24),……….∞. We consider an earlier stages of quantum physics of the super unified group SU(11) which created two distinct character's energy group SU(6) & SU(5)by the symmetry breaking of SU(11) ) [  SU(6)  SU(5)  U(1)]of the 10-dimensional space-time beyond the standard model of physics. The extra-dimensions are associated with the mental i.e. we consider the individual mind is (partly) an expression of the universal mind................

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