iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2020

Abstract: Background :Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is defined as growth at the 10th or less percentile for weight of all fetuses at the gestational age. It also refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined potential size.It has long been recognized that abnormal fetoplacental and uteroplacental development and function is associated with Intrauterine growth retardation.Ultrasonography with doppler velocimetry is a rapid , noninvasive and has provided a new efficient tool for this purpose. Objective:To evaluate the pulsatility index (PI) of the umbilical artery(UA) and that of the MiddleCerebral Artery(MCA), as well as the ratio of the MCA PI to the UA PI (C/U ratio)in the diagnosis of clinically suspected IUGR .......

Keywords: Umbilical Artery, Middle Cerebral Artery, Cerebro-Umbilical Pulsatility index, IUGR.

[1]. Grameliini D, Folli MC, Raboni S, Vadora E, Merialdi A. Cerebral unbilical Doppler ratio as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome. Cerebral and umbilical ratio. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79; 416-420
[2]. Khanduri S,Chhabra S,Yadav S et al (November 08,2017). Role of color Doppler flowmetry in the prediction of intrauterine growth retardation in High -Risk pregnancy. Cureus9(11):e 1827.DOI 10.7759/cureus.1827.
[3]. du Plessis AJ: Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in the developing fetus. Clin. Perinatal. 2009,36: 531-448.
[4]. Scifres CM, Stemitio D, Macones GA, Odibo AO: predicting perinatal mortality in preterm intrauterine growth retardation. Am J Perinatal. 2009,26:723-728.
[5]. Harrington K, Thompson MO, Carpenter RG et al. Doppler fetal circulation in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia or delivery of a small for gestional age baby: 2. Longitudial analysis. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1999;106:453-66

Abstract: Background: In populations subject to conferment, such as those in nursing homes, psychiatric hospitals and prisons, Tuberculosis constitutes a major public health problem. In Nigeria there is striking paucity of data on the prevalence of LTBI amongst the general populace especially prisoners. The essence of the screening is to achieve intensified case finding (ICT) and to treat. The treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is essential in controlling and eliminating TB by reducing the risk that TB infection will progress to disease. This is one step toward fulfilling TB partnership objectives which is to halt and reverse the increasing incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and halve the 1990 prevalence and mortality rates as soon as possible. While comparing the diagnostic values of the putative Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and the new Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis amongst prisoner in Anambra state, the goal of this present study also determine if prolonged incarceration of these prisoners increases their chances of acquiring latent tuberculosis infection..

Key words: Prisoners, IGRA, TST, Latent Tuberculosis, Anambra State

[1]. Reyes H , Conix R. (1997). Pitfalls of tuberculosis programs in prison. British Medical Journal. 1997; 315: 1447-1450.
[2]. World Health Organization . Developed guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. 2014
[3]. Stuckler D, Basu S, Mckee M, King L. Mass incarceration can explain population increase in TB and multidrug resistant TB in Europe and central Asia countries. Proc Nath Acad Sci USA.2008; 105; 13280-13285.
[4]. Ahmad S. New approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of Latent Tuberculosis infection. Respiration Research. 2010; 11:169-171.
[5]. Carols A, Lemos M, Matus E, Nunes C. Prevalence of active latent TB among inmates in a prison hospital in Bahia Brazil, Journal of Brazil Pneumology. 2009; 35:1806-3713.

Abstract: Introduction: Knowledge of both normal and unusual configurations of the pulp is critical for the success of endodontic treatment. Clinicians performing endodontic therapy must know the size, location of the pulp chamber, and expected number of roots and root canals. Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate root form and root canal system of human maxillary first premolars in the North Indian subpopulation of Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh using Clearing technique. Methods: A total of two hundred fifty extracted human maxillary first premolars from the population of Sundernagar were collected. After cleansing of samples, access cavities were prepared, pulp tissue was extirpated, then immersed in 5% nitric acid for 5-7 days. These were rinsed, dried, and dehydrated using ethyl alcohol in increasing concentrations (70, 80, 90, and 100%). Then the teeth were rendered transparent by immersing in methyl salicylate. India ink was injected and specimen were evaluated for root canal system under 5X magnifying glass.....

Keywords: clearing technique, maxillary premolars, unusual configuration of pulp, Vertucci's classification, endodontic therapy, root canal anatomy

[1]. Gurkirat Singh Grewal, Ajay Chhabra, Varun Jindal.Root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in North Indian population using Tooth Clearing Technique- An In Vitro Study, Dental Journal of Advance Studies 2015;.3 (3) :140-147.
[2]. Gulabivala K, Anug TH, Alavi A.Root and canal morphology of Burmese mandibular molars. IntEndod J 2001; 34(5):359-70.
[3]. Neaverth EJ, Kotler LM, Kaltenbach RF. Clinical investigation (in vivo) of endodontically treated maxillary first molars. J Endod 1987; 13(10):506-12.
[4]. Sert S, Bayirli GS. Evaluation of root canal configurations of mandibular and maxillary permanent teeth by gender in Turkish population. J Endod 2004; 30(6):391-8.
[5]. Pecora JD, Saquy PC. Root canal morphology of maxillary first premolar. Braj Dent J 1991; 2: 87-94..

Abstract: Background:Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited condition characterized by nevoid basal cell carcinomas, odontoid cysts, palmoplantar pits with syndromicfacies. Odontogenickeratocyst makes the airway difficult and associated syndromic features with systemic comorbidities can complicate the overall anaesthetic management. The choice of anaesthetic procedure must be carefully considered given these abnormalities. We report successful anaesthetic management of 15 years old male patient diagnosed with GGS presented for excision of odontogenickeratocyst. The uneventful perioperative course, in this case, was due to thorough systemic evaluation and careful anaesthetic management..

Key Word: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS), Nevoid basal cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS), Difficult Intubation, Odontogenickeratocyst (OKC)

[1]. Gosavi KS, Mundada SD. Anaesthetic management in Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Indian J Anaesth. 2012;56(4):394-396.
[2]. Mehta D, Raval N, Patadiya H, Tarsariya V. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2014;4(2):279-282.
[3]. Larsen Anne Kristine, MikkelsenDortheBisgaard, Hertz Jens Michael, BygumAnette. Manifestations of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Dan Med J. 2014;61(5):1-5.
[4]. Ljubenovic M, Ljubenovic D, Binic I, Jovanovic D, Stanojevic M. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome.2007;16(4):166-169.
[5]. Lata J, Verma N, Kaur A. Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: A case series of 5 patients in North Indian population with comparative analysis of literature. ContempClin Dent. 2015;6(Suppl 1):S192-S201..

Abstract: Background: COPD has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, amounting to 6.1% of total deaths in developing countries. It is increasing recognised that COPD is a complex multi-component disorder associated with a wide range of psychological and social problems. Unfortunately little attention has been paid to its effects on cognitive function; hence psychiatric disorders are left inadequately treated. Objectives:This study is mainly focussed towards identification of cognitive loss in patients of COPD. Methodology: After Institutional ethical committee clearance, the subject was greeted and the entire process had been explained to him/her. After proper....

Key words:- COPD, Cognition, Spirometry, FEV1 , HMSE Conflict of interest: None

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[4]. Antonelli-Incalzi C, Corsonello A, Pedone C, Regno F (2006) Drawing impairment predicts mortality in severe COPD. Chest 130: 1687–1694.
[5]. H. Rob, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions.

Abstract: Burns is a major health problem all over the world. Placental extract dressing and collagen sheet dressing are two modalities of treatment in burns management. In a prospective study comprising of 100 patients in a tertiary care hospital, we compared the efficacy of placental extract dressings with collagen sheet dressing. The baseline characteristics like age, sex burns percentage etc. were comparable in both groups with 50 patients each The outcomes were significantly better in the placental extract group with lesser infections, better scars, lesser hospital stay and overall better treatment outcomes..

Key Words:Placental extract, Collagen sheet, Partial thickness burns, Infection, Scar

[1]. Practical Handbook on Burns Management, NPPMRBI, MOHFW,
[2]. GOI. Published date: Sep 06, 2016, Published by: Zahid, Created / Validated by: Dr.Aruna Rastogi.
[3]. Piyali Datta Chakraboty and Debashish Bhattacharya. Aqueous Extract of Human Placenta, Recent Advances in Research on the Human Placenta, Dr. Jing Zheng (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0194-9, InTech, DOI: 10.5772 / 31669. Available from; http://www.intechopen.com/books/recentadvances - in- research- on- the -humanplacenta/aqueous-extract-of-human-placentaas-a-therapeutic-agent
[4]. Gupta RL, Boo-Chai K. Role of collagen sheet covers in burns- A clinical study. Indian Journal Of Surgery1978; 40:646.
[5]. Demling RH, Desanti L. Management of partial thickness facial burns (Comparison of topical antibiotics and bioengineered skin substitutes). J Burn Care and Rehabilitation1999: 25:256

Abstract: Background:In recent years, prevalence of infection with multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae has steadily increased.Plasmid mediated Amp C β-lactamases(PMABLs) represent a new threat, as they confer resistance to Cefamycins& thus with loss of outer membrane porin channels, can confer resistance to Carbapenems. These are evolved by the movement of chromosomal genes onto plasmids, and are seen in E. coli, Klebsiellasps, Salmonella sps, Citrobacterfreundii, &Enterobacteraerogenes. Detection of Amp C production is important, as isolates appear susceptible to Cephalosporins but lead to treatment failure. Materials & Methods:1436 urine samples from suspected cases of UTI were collected & processed according to standard microbiological procedures. Isolates of E.coli and Klebsiella species were screened for Cefoxitin susceptibility and those which were resistant.....

Key Words: Amp C, E. coli, Klebsiellasps, multidrug resistance,UTI

[1]. Jennifer A. Black, Ellen Smith Moland, and Kenneth S. Thomson* Center for Research in Antiinfectives and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, AmpC Disk Test for Detection of Plasmid-Mediated AmpC -Lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae
[2]. Paul R. Ingram, Tim J. J. Inglis, Tessa R. Vanzetti, Barbara A. Henderson, Gerald B. Harnett and Ronan J. Murray, Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia, Comparison of methods for AmpC b-lactamase detection in Enterobacteriaceae.
[3]. Beesley, T., et al. 1983.The inhibition of class C beta-lactamases by boronic acids.Biochem. J. 209:229–233. Jacoby, G. A. 2009. AmpC beta-lactamases.Clin.Microbiol. Rev. 22:161–182
[4]. Pfaller, M. A., and J. Segreti.2006. Overview of the epidemiological profile and laboratory detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.Clin. Infect. Dis. 42(Suppl. 4):S153–S163.

Abstract: Abstract Deviated nasal septum is a common condition, which is quite often asymtomatic, but may present with persistent morbidity in some. In this prospective cross sectional study, 100 patients with deviated nasal septum were included who were symptomatic. 48 patients needed surgical intervention while 52 were managed conservatively. Results were compared on follow up. 96% cases reported improvement in nasal obstruction post surgery, compared to 79% following conservative management

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[2]. Oliveira AKP, Júnior EE, Santos LV, Bettega G, Mocellin M. Prevalence of Deviated Nasal Septum in Curitiba, Brazil. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;9(4):288-92.
[3]. Shoib SM, Viswanatha B. Association between Symptomatic Deviated Nasal Septum and Sinusitis: A Prospective Study. Res Otolaryngol. 2016;5(1):1-8.
[4]. Singh I,Sherstha A, Gautam D, Ojasvini.ChronicRhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis in Nepal.ClinRhinol:Int J. 2010;3(2):87-91.
[5]. Moorthy, P. ,Kolloju, S. , Madhira, S. and Jowkar, A. (2014) Clinical Study on Deviated Nasal Septum and Its Associated Pathology. International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 3, 75-81. doi: 10.4236/ijohns.2014.32016

Abstract: Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the existence of Golden Proportion, Recurring Esthetic Dental Proportion (RED) and Golden Percentage between maxillary anterior teeth of natural dentition in different groups of people. Material and Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Mamata dental college and Hospital, Khammam. The Study was conducted with a sample of 80 people which includes 40 students (20 male and 20 female) and 40 patients (20 male and 20 female) in the age group of 20-40years. Standardized frontal images of all the samples were captured using digital camera. Width of each tooth was measured with Adobe Photoshop 7 and data analysis was......

Key Words: Golden proportion, Recurring esthetic dental proportion, Golden percentage, Maxillary anterior teeth.

[1]. Lombardi RE. The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics. J Prosthetic Dent 1973; 29:358-82. [2]. Levin EL. Dental esthetics and the golden proportion. J Prosthetic Dent 1978; 40:244-52.
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[6]. BV Sreenivasan Murthy, Niketa Ramani. Evaluation of natural smile: Golden proportion, RED or Golden percentage. Journal of conservative dentistry, 2008; 11:16-21.

Abstract: The Covid-19 currently responsible for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Cov-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, affects other organs apart from the respiratory system including digestive, liver and nervous systems. Nevertheless, although coronavirus are known to cause various eye diseases in animals; its ocular implications in humans have been little studied. Our reviews, is focus on the main manifestations of coronavirus-related eye disease in animals before reviewing the evidence in the literature concerning coronavirus-related eye disease in humans and there practical implications in ophthalmology.

Key Words: Corona virus, COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, eye infection

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[3]. Chen Y, Liu Q, Guo D. Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis. Journal of Medical Virology. 2020;92(4):418–423.
[4]. Woo PCY, Lau SKP, Chu C, Chan K, Tsoi H, Huang Y, et al. Characterization and Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Coronavirus, Coronavirus HKU1, from Patients with Pneumonia. Journal of Virology. 2005;79(2):884–895.
[5]. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382(8):727–733.

Abstract: Background: More than half of the total population of India was defecating in open air ahead of the year 2014. Open air defecation has affected the physical and cognitive development of surviving children and affect the health conditions of the whole population, responsible for spread of diseases, increase in pollution level, etc. This situation is under control since last five years as the government has launched "Swachha Bharat Mission" to accelerate sanitation coverage by accessing a toilet in all households and to eliminate defecation in open air. Due to better planning and monitoring of the mission, prevalence of defecation in open is over continuously decreasing trend. Thus, the objective of this study is to obtain the baseline information on existing knowledge, awareness level of defecating in open andpractices the usage of household latrine and to determine the prevalence of defecation in open.....

Key Word: Open air defecation; Sanitation and hygiene; Knowledge; Awareness; Practices

[1]. 53% Indian Households Defecate in Open: World Bank Says on World Toilet Day. The Times of India; 2013. Available from: http://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/53-Indian-households-defecate-in-open-World-Bank-says-on-World-Toilet Day/articleshow/26032829.cms.
[2]. Archana. Article on Swachh Bharath Abhiyan; India Celebrating; 2017: 18.
[3]. The Effects of Open Defecation in India - The Borgen Project. Available at: https://borgenproject. org/effects-open-defecation-india/ Accessed on 6 June, 2017.
[4]. Gupta A, Khalid N, Desphande D, Hathi P, Kapur A, Srivastav N, Vyas S, Spears D, Coffey D.Changes in open defecation in rural North India: 2014-2018. IZA discussion paper no 12065 2019.
[5]. Panda PS, Chandrakar A, Soni GP. Prevalence of open air defecation and awareness and practices of sanitary latrine usage in a rural village of Raipur district. Int J Community Med Public Health 2017;4:3279-82.

Abstract: Background: Abdominal tuberculosis accounts for 2% of TB cases globally. The non specific features of the disease poses diagnostic challenge which results in delay in diagnosis and development of complications. We hereby present three cases of abdominal tuberculosis that presented as acute abdomen. Case Report: First case, a 21-year old female, presenting with abdominal pain, underwent exploratory laparotomy, right hemicolectomy with end ileostomy due to multiple ileal and caecal perforations. The second case, 15-year old female, presenting with abdominal distension and breathlessness, on evaluation diagnosed to have pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis. The third case, 42-year old male, presenting with abdominal distension, underwent exploratory laparotomy, ileo-ileal resection anastomosis due to ileal stricture. Histopathological examination in.....

Key Words: Tuberculosis, Abdominal tuberculosis, Acute abdomen

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