iosr-JECE   Volume-7 ~ Issue-4

Abstract: In this paper VHDL implementation of 64-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is presented. The design was implemented using VHDL Xilinx Synthesis tool ISE 9.1 and targeted for Spartan device. ALU was designed to perform arithmetic operation and logical operations such as addition , subtraction using 64-bit fast adder, logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR and NOT operations, 1'scomplement, rotate operations and compare. ALU consist of two input registers to hold the data during operation, one output register to hold the result of operation, 64-bit fast adder with 2's complement circuit to perform subtraction and logic gates to perform logical operation. The maximum propagation delay is 13.588ns and power dissipation is 38mW.

Keywords: ALU, Fast Adder, XILINX, VHDL

[1] Suchitha Kamble, Prof. N.N. Mhala, "VHDL IMPLEMENTATION OF ALU", IOSRJECE, VOL.1, ISSUE 1(May-June 2012). ISSN: 2278-2834.

[2] M.Linder,M.Schmid, "PROCESSOR IMPLEMENTATION IN VHDL",PROJECT REPORT-2007,UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER AT JORDANSTOWN.

[3] Muhammad Aizuddin Bin Che Soh, "DESIGN OF 8 BIT CPU IMPLEMENTED ON FPGA", PROJECT REPORT-April 2007, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

[4] David A. Patterson and John L.Henessy, "COMPUTER ORGANISATION & DESIGN"

Abstract: This paper gives a compact analysis and design of S-shaped Microstrip patch antenna which is best suited for Wi-max application. The analysis and design is simulated over IE3D software Ver. 15.2. We have taken a definite ground plane of 50x70 mm and patch size of 30x50 mm.The substrate thickness is taken as 1.6 mm and dielectric constant of 4.2 and loss tangent of 0.0013. The simulated result shows that the bandwidth is obtained in triple band- 7.79% at 0.262921 GHz band, 13.45% at 1.53034 GHz band and 28.0056% at 2.2382 GHz band. The obtained gain is 3.96 dBi at 2.33945 GHz. The obtained gain and bandwidth is best suited for Wi-max application.

Keywords: S shape, Ground plane, Patch Antenna, Triple Band.

[1] Karim A. Hamad, "Design and Enhancement Bandwidth Rectangular Patch Antenna using Single Trapezoidal Slot Technique," ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN 1819-6608, VOL. 7, NO. 3, p.p.292-297, March 2012.

[2] Elangovan, G. and J. Rajapaul Perinbam, "Wideband E-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Sensor Networks," American Journal of Applied Sciences, ISSN 1546-9239, p.p.89-92, 2012.

[3] Kaushik Malakar, S. M. Danish Abbas, Sudipta Chattopadhyay, "Stacked Stair-case patch antenna for High Gain and Ultra Wideband Applications," IJECT Vol. 2, Issue 1, p.p.7-9, March 2011.

[4] Linxi Zhang, Qi Zhang, Chufeng Hu, "The Influence of Dielectric Constant on Bandwidth of U-notch Microstrip Patch Antenna," Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB2010).

[5] E. Nishiyama, M. Aikawa and S. Egashira, "Stacked microstrip antenna for wideband and high gain," IEE Proc.-Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 151, No. 2, p.p.143-148, April 2004.

Abstract: Growth in technology has led to unprecedented demand for high speed Internet access. IEEE 802.16e (Mobile WiMAX) is a wireless communication standard with high data transfer rates and good performance. It not only is efficient as compared to its counterpart technologies today (Wi-Fi and 3G), but also lays the foundation for 4G mobile communication. In 4G wireless communication systems, bandwidth is a precious resource, and service providers are continuously met with the challenge of accommodating more users within a limited allocated bandwidth. To increase data rate of wireless medium with higher performance, Mobile WiMAX uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). This paper describes the simulation of the physical layer of IEEE 802.16e using Simulink in Matlab 7.0 (R2010a). The system performance is evaluated considering the Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and Bit error rate (BER) parameters.

Keywords: 802.16e, OFDMA, Mobile WiMAX.

[1] M. A. Hasan, "Performance Evaluation of WiMAX/IEEE 802.16 OFDM Physical Layer," Elsinki University of Technology, espoo, pp.1-33, June 2007.
[2] M.A. Mohamed, F.W. Zaki1, R.H. Mosbeh / Simulation of WiMAX Physical Layer: IEEE 802.16e / International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, November 2010.
[3] U. S. Jha and R. Prasad, OFDM towards Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access, Artech House Publisher, London, 2007.
[4] B. Chaitanya, T.S. Prasad, K. Sruthi, T. Tejaswi, "Adaptive Modulation Techniques for WIMAX," (IJCNS) International Journal of Computer and Network Security, Vol. 2, No. 5, May 2010.
[5] The WiMAX Forum. www.wimaxforum.org
[6] Gazi Faisal Ahmed Jubair, Muhammad Imran Hasan, Md. Obaid Ullah / Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.16e (Mobile WiMAX) in OFDM Physical Layer / Blekinge Institute of Technology, August 2009
[7] A. Ghosh J. Andrews and R. Muhamed, Fundamentals of WiMAX: Under- standing Broadband wireless Networking, Pearson Education, Inc., 2007.
[8] IEEE, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks, Part16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems, 2006.
[9] ETSI, "www.etsi.org"

Abstract: This paper presents the design of antenna operating in ISM band at 2.4 GHz. The designed square patch antenna is dual polarized with two rectangle shaped slot inserted on the patch. The FR4 dielectric material is used for the antenna consist of Dual probe feed with ground plane. HFSS software is used for the simulation which shows the result for isolation as 28 dB, antenna gain of 5.96 dB and bandwidth 222MHz.

Keywords: Dual feed, Dual polarization, ISM Band, Probe Feed, Square MSA

[1]. Teresa Condella, Custodia peixeiro "Dual band dual polarisation slotted microstrip patch antenna element" IEEE 2001
[2]. Wong, H., Lau, K.L., and Luk, K.M., "Design of dual-polarised L-probe patch antenna array with high isolation", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.,52, (I), pp. 45-52, 2004
[3]. K. Boonying, T. Laohapensaeng, S. Kosulvit and C. Phongcharoenpanich," A Flat Antenna for Polarization Diversity", JICTEE-2010, Luangprabang Lao PDR, December 2I-24,pp.528-530.
[4]. Teeravisit Laohapensaeng, Komkris Boonying, "Dual-Polarized microstrip antenna with high isolation using an inserted slot" , 2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (lSPACS) December 7-9, 2011
[5]. Girish Kumar and K. P. Ray, "Broadband Microstrip Antennas", Artech House, 2003, pp. 29 - 60

Abstract: In the last couple of years, the use of wireless networks has become more and more popular. A MANET is a collection of self-organizing mobile nodes which is infrastructure less, autonomous, and standalone networks. Each node in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic unrelated to its own use and therefore be a router. Simulation result has been obtained by a performance comparison of three routing protocols i.e. Ad hoc Ondemand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Location Aided Routing (LAR1) against Simulation time. The Result is obtained using QualNet simulator version 6.1. Different protocols are evaluated based on measures such as Average End to End delay (s), Average Jitter(s), and Packet delivery ratio.

Keywords: MANET, AODV, DSR, LAR1, QualNet 6.1

[1] A.K.Maurya, D. Singh," Simulation based Performance Comparison of AODV, FSR and ZRP Routing Protocols in MANET", Volume 12– No.2, pp 23-28, November 2010, IJCA (0975 – 8887).
[2] Gaurav Sharma ,V. Sahu, P.K. Maurya, R.Paulus," Analyzing the Effect of Constant and Lognormal Shadowing Model on Ad-hoc Routing Protocols" Volume 66– No.8,IJCA,March,pp-16-19,Mar 2013.
[3] C.E. Perkins and E.M. Royer, "Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing", Proceedings of 2nd IEEE Workshop, Mobile Computing System Applications, pp: 90-100, 1999.
[4] Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, and S. Das, "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing", draftietf-manet-aodv-13.txt, Feb. 2003.
[5] I.Chakeres, C.Perkins, "Dynamic MANET on- Demand (DYMO) Routing," IETF Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dymo-23, pp. 20-25, October.2012.
[6] J.Broch, D. Jhonson, and D.Maltz, "The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile adhoc networks for IPv4" IETF RFC 4728, Feb 2007.
[7] S. R. Raju and J.Mungara "Performance Evaluation of ZRP over AODV and DSR in Mobile Adhoc Networks Using Qualnet", ISSN 1450-216X Vol.45 No.4 (2010), pp.651-667, European Journal of Scientific Research, 2010.
[8] Subramanya Bhat. M, Shwetha.D and Devaraju.J.T "A Performance Study of Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols using Qualnet Simulator", Volume 28-No.5, IJCA. Aug. 2011.
[9] The QualNet simulator www. Scalable networks. Com.
[10] Prashant Kumar Maurya, Rajeev Paulus, A.K. Jaiswal, Mahendra Srivastava, "Performance Analysis of ZRP over AODV, DSR and DYMO for MANET under Various Network Conditions using QualNet Simulator" Volume 66–No.17, IJCA (0975 – 8887),March 2013.

Abstract: This paper presents the behavioral Design and synthesis of a 64 bit ALU. 64 bit ALU is basically a multiplexer that operates mainly 16 operations as per select line Bit-permutation. Flags are other important indicators used for specific purpose e.g. if Sign Flag is HIGH then the output of ALU must be a negative number. CLR can reset the output of ALU.

Keywords: Flags, CLR, 64 Bit ALU, VHDL.

[1]. Suchita Kamble1, Prof .N. N. Mhala " VHDL Implementation of 8-Bit ALU", IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSRJECE) ISSN : 2278-2834 Volume 1, Issue 1 (May-June 2012
[2]. Geetanjali1 and Nishant Tripathi "VHDL Implementation of 32-Bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (Alu)" International Journal of Computer Science and Communication Engineering IJCSCE Special issue on "Emerging Trends in Engineering" ICETIE 2012
[3]. D. Gajski and R. Khun, "Introduction: New VLSI Tools," IEEE Computer, Vol. 16, No. 12, pp. 11-14, Dec. 1983.
[4]. D. L. Perry, " VHDL", Tata Mcgraw Hill Edition, 4th Edition, 2002.
[5]. C. Maxfiled, "The Design Warriors Guide to FPGAs", Elsevier, 2004.
[6]. J. Bhaskar, " VHDL Primer", Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2000.
[7]. J. Bhaskar, " VHDL Synthesis Primer", Pearson Education, 1st Edition, 2002.

Abstract: Antennas used for communication purpose have been grown recently using the direct printing methods to ensure light weight technology, ease of fabrication and simply available flexible substrates in the field of printed electronics. The use of flexible non-conventional substrates in this regard has been the current issue for the provision of same results obtained as that of using a conventional substrate. In this paper, we propose low cost printed antenna on a non-conventional substrate that provides higher read range (using ISM Band) for Real time location systems (RTLS) (for e.g. wireless sensing). This antenna makes use of the deployment techniques that involve the selection of environment friendly RF substrate thatcan be served by the localized networking companies in low cost.It further evaluates the substrate characteristics and mathematical properties using the EM Simulator Software (HFSS-High Frequency Structure Simulator) followed by the fabrication of antenna, both on a conventional PCB (FR4) substrate and on a non-conventional substrate (Kodak photo paper) having different materialistic properties using a direct write printing technology. The results include the resonant frequency and the input impedance matching for the feed on a Vector Network Analyzer.

Keywords: Low cost eco-friendly Antenna, nano-silver particle ink, Non-conventional substrate, printed antenna design parameters,

[1] A. Rida, L. Yang, R. Vyas, S. Basat, S. Bhattacharya, and M. M.Tentzeris "Novel Manufacturing Processes for Ultra-Low-Cost Paper-Based RFID Tags With Enhanced 'Wireless Intelligence',"Proceedings of the 57th IEEE-ECTC Symposium, Sparks, NY,June 2007, pp. 773-776

[2] Lakafosis, V., Rida, A., Vyas, R., Li, Yang., Nikolaou, S., & Tentzeris, M. M. (2010, Sept). Progress Towards the First Wireless Sensor Networks Consisting of InkjetPrinted, Paper-Based RFID-Enabled Sensor Tags. Proceedings of the IEEE, 98(9),1601-1609.[2]

[3] M. M. Tentzeris, L. Yang, A. Rida, A. Traille, R. Vyas, and T.Wu, "RFID's on Paper using Inkjet-Printing Technology: Is it the First Step for UHF Ubiquitous 'Cognitive Intelligence' and 'Global Tracking'?,"RPID Eurasia, September 5-6, 2007, pp. 1-4.

[4] M. M. Tentzeris, L. Yang, A. Rida, A. Traille, R. Vyas, and T.Wu, "Inkjet-Printed RFID Tags on Paper-based Substrates for UHF "Cognitive Intelligence" Applications," IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, September 3-7,2007, pp. 1-4.

[5] Srifi, M. N., Podilchak, S. K., Essaaidi, M., & Antar, Y. M. M. (2011, Dec). Compact Disc Monopole Antennas for Current and Future Ultrawideband (UWB) Applications. Antennas and Propagation. IEEE Transactions on, 59(12), 4470-4480.

[6] Raj, R. K., Joseph, M., Aanandan, C. K., Vasudevan, K., & Mohanan, P. (2006, Dec). A new compact microstrip-fed dual-band coplanar antenna for WLAN applications. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 54(12), 3755-3762

[7] Y. Kurokawa, T. Ikeda, M. Endo, H. Dembo, D. Kawae, T. Inoue, M. Kozuma, D. Ohgarane, S. Saito, K. Dairiki, H. Takahashi, Y. Shionoiri , T. Atsumi, T. Osada, K. Takahashi, T. Matsuzaki, H. Takashina, Y. Yamashita, and S. Yamazaki, "UHF RP CPUs on Flexible and Glass Substrates for Secure RPID Systems," IEEE Journal ofSolid-State Circuits, 43, 1, January 2008, pp. 292-299. [7]

[8] A. Pique and D. B. Chrisey, "Direct-Write Technologies for Rapid Prototyping Applications," New York, Academic Press, ISBN: 0-12-174231-8. [

9] 3. D. Thompson, O. Tantot, H. Jallageas, G. Ponchak, M. M. Tentzeris, and J. Papapolymerou, "Characterization of LCP Material and Transmission Lines on LCP Substrates from 30 to 110 GHz," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 52, 4, April 2004, pp. 1343-1352

Abstract: The research was designed to unveil out how academic libraries have assisted institutions in bring up candidates to work in industrial capabilities towards the achievement of competitiveness and sustainable economic growth in society. This study was drawn from the extensive literature review and case studies to discuss the following economic value of accessing information using the library; innovation and services in academic libraries; initiatives, resources and activities that facilitate access to information in the library; FUTO Library and library responding to academic programmes. The following research questions helped ascertain what has made the academic libraries tick in this direction and to find answers to them; what status of people does the library have? To what extent material resources is provided and used by the library patrons? What ICT services are been offered by the library and of what purpose are they offered? What strategy development implied by the library to meet patron's needs? What are the obstacles the library may encounter in the process to achieve competitiveness and sustainability to serve library patrons? Frequency and percentages were deployed for the study due is within the study environment area. Collection of Data was through the use of questionnaire developed by the researchers. Ninety-five copies of the questionnaires were distributed to staff of FUTO Library, out of which 85 were returned and found useful. Finding was analyzed and results ascertained.

Keyword: Library, growth, process, ICT, resources, services, innovation

[1]. Anunobi C. V., Nwankwo, O. P., Oga M. C. and Benard I.I (2011). The Adoption of ICT for library and Information Sciences. Nigerian Libraries, Journal of the Nigerian Library Association, col. 44, No. 1 July, 2011 pp. 89 – 104
[2]. Bhatt, G. D. (2002). Management strategies for individual knowledge and organization knowledge, journal of knowledge management, 6(1) pp. 31 – 39.
[3]. Bosah, Gabria (2008). Consortium and capacity building for Nigeria library of the future. Nigerian library and information science trends. Journal of the Nigerian library Association, Imo State chapter, vol. 5 No. 1 & 2 2008 p: 60 – 63.
[4]. 4. Chigbu, E. D. and Uzoagbu, N. (2011). Knowledge Assets Management and the Librarians Roles in Education and National Building in Nigeria. An International Journal of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Vol. 8 No. 2, December, 2011 p: 37
[5]. Edda T. (2011). Innovation in Library and Information Services in Supporting Africa's Industrial
[6]. Development; Second Session of The Committee on Development Information Science and Technology (CODIST-II), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, United Nations Economic and Social Council, 02 – 05 May 2011
[7]. Kamba, A. (2011). Implication of ICT's in libraries of higher education institutes: a panacea catapulting library development in Africa. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 31 (1)
[8]. Lwoga, E. T. (2011). Knowledge management approaches in managing agricultural indigenous and exogenous knowledge in Tanzania. Journal of Documentation 67 (3) p: 2–2.
[9]. Mbagwu, F. and Osondu, M. C. (2011). Knowledge Management issues in Academic Libraries in Imo State, Nigeria use the above address p: 45 – 55.
[10]. Mutula, S. M. and Mooko, N. P. (2008). Knowledge management in Anna, L. O., Mutula, S. M. and Tiamuju, M. A. (eds.) Information and knowledge Management in Digital Age: Concept of technologies and African perspectives p: 269 – 299. Ibadan: Third World Information Services Limited.

Abstract: This paper describes a comparison of the discriminating power of the various multiresolution based thresholding techniques i.e., Wavelet, curve let for image denoising.Curvelet transform offer exact reconstruction, stability against perturbation, ease of implementation and low computational complexity. We propose to employ curve let for facial feature extraction and perform a thorough comparison against wavelet transform; especially, the orientation of curve let is analysed. Experiments show that for expression changes, the small scale coefficients of curve let transform are robust, though the large scale coefficients of both transform are likely influenced. The reason behind the advantages of curvelet lies in its abilities of sparse representation that are critical for compression, estimation of images which are denoised and its inverse problems, thus the experiments and theoretical analysis coincide .

Keywords: Curvelet transform, Face recognition, Feature extraction, Sparse representation Thresholding rules,Wavelet transform..

[1] R.C.Gonzalez and R.E. woods,digital image processing 2nd edition;pearson education.

[2] D.Ghandurai and V.sadasivam,"an effective adaptive thresholding technique for wavelet based image denoising."World academy of science,engg.&technology,2008.

[3] Raghuram Rangarajan,Ramji venkataramanan,siddharth shah,Image denoising using wavelet;Dec 16,2002.

[4] Jean-luc starck,Emmanuel J.candes,and David L. Donoho;The curvelet transform for image denoising;IEEE translations on image processing ,vol.11,no.6,june 2002. [5] Emmanuel candes;California institute of technology.

[6] Zhang fen,Xiekai;college of information & mechanical engineering; Beijing Institute of Graphic communication,Beijing,china.

[7 ] E.Malar, Akhandaswamy,S.S.kirthana,D.Nivedhitha;Department of bio medical engg.PSG College of technology, Coimbatore,India

[8] J.L. starck,M.Elad,and D.Donoho "Redundant Multiscale transforms and their application for Morphological component separation," Advances in imaging and Electron Physics,Vol.132,pp.287-348,2004.

[9] H.Rabbani, " Image denoising in steerable pyramid domain based on a local laplace prior, " pattern recognition‟ , vol.42,no.9,September 2009,pp.2181-2193.

[10] M.Figeiredo and R.Nowak, " An EM algorithm for wavelet based image restoration,".IEEE Transaction on Image Processing,vol.12.No.8,pp 906-916,August 2003.

Abstract: Here we propose a model on Enhanced- Large Effective Area Fiber (E-LEAF) and Dispersion Compensation Module (DCM) with precise designed Dispersion Compensation Fiber (DCF). The Model is implemented in a long haul Single and Multichannel Optical telecommunication systems with E-LEAF as data transmission Fiber (NZ-DSF) of 1700Km (85 Km SMF×20 loops) length. The DCM is proposed in Symmetric Compensation fashion consisting of 20Km (2Km×20spans) length DCF in Pre-Compensation and Post-Compensation totally comprising of 40Km length DCF for complete Compensation of total Optical Link. Thereby, we study the effect of various Line Coding Schemes like NRZ, RZ, CS-RZ, DUOBINARY and MODIFIED DUOBINARY in single and multichannel optical link with our designed DCM and concluded the suitable line coding scheme for our proposed model. This paper focus on the theoretical background, design procedures, technical terms and finally a simulation model is experimented with proposed parameters to realize the foresaid concepts with various modulation formats.

[1] H. Toba, et. al.: "Next generation ultra-high-speed transmission technologies", NTT R&D, Vol.48, No.1, pp.33 -41, 1999.

[2] N. Henmi, et. al.: "10Gb/s, 100km normal fiber transmission experiment employing a modified prechirp technique", OFC‟91 Technical Digest, Tu02, 1991.

[3] R. M. Jopson, et. al.: "Compensation of fiber chromatic dispersion by spectral inversion", Electron. Lett., Vol.29, pp.576-578,1993.

[4] M. Sudo, et. al.: "Fabrication of Fiber Bragg Gratings for Dispersion Compensation", Communications society conference of IEICE, C-3-47, 1998. [5] K. Nishide, et. al.: "1.55 μm Single Mode Fibers with Large Chromatic Dispersion", IEICE spring conference, C-575, 1989

[6] "Dispersion Compensating Fiber Module" by Kazuhiko Aikawa1, Junji Yoshida1,Susumu Saitoh1, Manabu Kudoh1, and Kazunari Suzuki2, 1-Applied Optics Products Division, 2 Aomori Fujikura Kanaya Ltd.-Fujikura Technical Review.

[7] Fiber designs for high figure of merit and high slope dispersion compensating fibers by MarieWandel and Poul Kristensen copyright 2005 Springer Science+Business Media Inc.

[8] S. Tsuda and V. L. da Silva, "Transmission of 40 WDM channels at 10 Gbit/s over 6x100 km of LEAF fiber with dispersion compensation at Tx and Rx terminals", Tech. Dig.ECOC‟99, paper MoC2.3, Nice, France (1999).

[9] L. Ding, E. A. Golovchenko, A. N. Pilipetskii, C. R. Menyuk, and P.K. Wai, "Modulated NRZ signal transmission in dispersion maps," in OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics, vol. 12, System Technologies, A.E.Willner and C. R. Menyuk, Eds. Washington, DC: Opt. Soc. Amer., 1997, pp. 204–206.

[10] M. I. Hayee and A. E. Willner, "Pre- and post-compensation of dispersion and nonlinearities in 10-Gb/s WDM systems," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 9, pp. 1271–1273, Sept. 1997.

Abstract: In this work we present a filtering selection approach for efficient ANC system. Active noise cancellation (ANC) has wide application in next generation human machine interaction to automobile Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) devices. We compare conventional adaptive filters algorithms LMS, NLMS, VSLMS, VSNLMS, VSLSMS for a predefined input sound file, where various algorithms run and result in standard output and better performance. The wiener filter based on least means squared (LMS) algorithm family is most sought after solution of ANC. This family includes LMS, NLMS, VSLMS, VSNLMS, VFXLMS, FX-sLMS and many more. Some of these are nonlinear algorithm, which provides better solution for nonlinear noisy environment. The components of the ANC systems like microphones and loudspeaker exhibit nonlinearities themselves. The nonlinear transfer function create worse situation. This is a task which is some sort of a prediction of suitable solution to the problems. The Radial Basis Function of Neural Networks (RBF NN) has been known to be suitable for nonlinear function approximation [1]. The classical approach to RBF implementation is to fix the number of hidden neurons based on some property of the input data, and estimate the weights connecting the hidden and output neurons using linear least square method. So an efficient novel decisive approach for better performing ANC algorithms has been proposed.

Keywords - Adaptive filters, Winner filter ANC, Least mean square, N LMS, VSNLMS, RBF.

[1] S.M. Kuo and D.R.Morgan, Active Noise Control –Algorithms and DSP Implementations. New York: Wiley, 1996.
[2] Lu Yingwei, N.Sundararajan, P.Saratchandran "Adaptive Nonlinear Systems Identification Using Minimal Radial Basis Function
Neural Networks "in IEEE 1996.
[3] Shoji Makino, Member, IEEE, Yutaka Kaneda, Member, IEEE and Nobuo Koizumi, "Exponentially weighted step size NLMS
adaptive filter based on the statistics of a room impulse response", IEEE Trans. on speech and audio Processing, vol. 1, No.1,
pp.101-108, Jan 1993.
[4] S. Qureshi, "Adaptive Equalization," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.73, No.9, pp.1349-1387, Sept. 1985.
[5] S. Haykins, "Adaptive Filter Theory", Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996.
[6] Raymond H. Kwong and Edward W. Johnston, "A Variable Step Size LMS Algorithm", IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing vol.
40, No.7, pp. 1633-1642, July, 1992.
[7] Tyseer Aboulnasr, Member, IEEE, and K.Mayyas, "A robust variable step size LMS type algorithm: Analysis and Simulations" ,
IEEE Trans. On Signal Processing vol. 45, No.3, pp. 631-639, March 1997.
[8] Dargar S K, Himanshu Purohit, Mahajan "An Iterative Pruning Approach of Neural Network for Proficient Noise Cancellation" in
International Journal Engg Advanced Technology, ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-2, Issue-4, April 2013.
[9] Debi Prasad Das ,"Filtered –s LMS Algorithm for Multichannel Active control Of Nonlinear Noise Processes" in IEEE Transactions
on Speech And Audio Processing , vol 14 ,no.5 September 2006.
[10] Debi Das and Ganpati Panda, "Active Mitigation of Nonlinear Noise Processes Using A Novel Filtered-s LMS Algorithm" in IEEE
Transactions of Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 12, No.3, May 2004.