IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2017

Abstract: The aim of the study is to find the effect of the weather variable clould coverage on shunshine, rainfall, humidity and temparature for the different weather sations in Bangladesh. The monthly and yearly data for 33 years (1981- 2013) on climatic factors of 13 weather stations in Bangladesh were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Data on cloud coverage, total rainfall, temperature, bright sunshine, and relative humidity were collected. It is observed that maximum cloud coverage occurs in the month of July for all the weather stations and it is maximun at the sylhet weather station for every month...........

KeyWords: Cloud coverage, shunshine, rainfall, humidity ,temparature, Modified regression model

[1]. Pavel Y. G., R. S. Bradley and S. Bomin (1999). The relationship of cloud cover to near-surface temperature and humidity: Comparison of GCM simulations with empirical data. Journal of Climate, 13 (11), 1858-1878.
[2]. Carole J. Hahn, Stephen G. Warren and Julius London (1995). The Effect of Moonlight on Observation of Cloud Cover at Night, and Application to Cloud Climatology.Journal of Climate 8(5), 1429-36 . DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008.
[3]. John W.BergmanandMurryL.Salby(1996). Diurnal Variations of Cloud Cover and Their Relationship to Climatological Conditions.Journal of Climate 9(11), 2802-20 . DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009.
[4]. Yinghui Liu and Jeffrey R. Key (2016). Assessment of Arctic Cloud Cover Anomalies in Atmospheric Reanalysis Products Using Satellite Data. American Meteorological Society, 29, 6065-83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0861.1
[5]. Qing Yue, Brian H. Kahn, Eric J. Fetzer, Mathias Schreier,Sun Wong ,Xiuhong Chen and Xianglei Huang (2016). Observation-Based Longwave Cloud Radiative Kernels Derived from the A-Train. American Meteorological Society, 29, 5840-49. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0257.1

Abstract: The rising population, increasing urbanization, rapid industrialization and spread of more water intensive life styles are making water resources scarce and polluted. waste waters of various industries such as textile, petroleum, refining, plastics etc. contain phenolic compounds. (1) Due to toxicity of these compounds to aquatic organisms and humans, it is necessary that phenolic compounds are removed from contaminated water before they are discharged into any natural stream of water. In this study, the removal of phenolic contaminants was undertaken biologically by using peroxidase enzyme............

KeyWords: Hydrogen peroxide, peroxidase, Phenol, polymers

[1]. P.T. Vasudevan and L.O. Li, Peroxidase catalyzed polymerization of phenol, Appl.Biochem. Biotechnol,60,73-82, (1996)
[2]. Y.C. Lai, S.C. Lin, Application of horseradish peroxidase for removal p-chlorophenol from aqueous solution, Process Biochem,40,1167-1174, (2007)
[3]. K.Q. Wilberg, D.G. Nunes and J. Rubio. Removal of phenol by enzymatic oxidation and floatation. Braz J Chem Eng. vol 17 n 4-7 Dec 2000
[4]. Miodrag Stanisavljevic, Lidija Nedic. Removal of phenol from industrial waste water by horse radish peroxidase (Cochlearia armoracia L) FACTA UNIVERSITITATIS series: working and living environmental protection vol 2, No 4,2004, pp 345-349
[5]. Syed Mustapha, S. Akhtar, A.A. Khan and Q. Hussain, Simple and high yield procedure for stabilization of peroxidases from turnip roots, J.Science.Ind.Res., 63,540-547(2004)

Abstract: Due to its high viscosity, guava puree obtained by physical treatment cannot be used as it is for optimum juice production and needs enzymatic treatment to reduce the puree viscosity without pulp/serum separation. In the present study, guava puree was treated with various commercial enzymes in order to identify the best commercial enzyme, Klerzyme Extra. Cell walls were extracted using the sodium deoxycholate-phenol/acetic acid/water procedure and then separated into parenchyma cell walls and stone cell walls by physical and enzymatic treatment. Enzyme was applied to suspensions of parenchyma cell walls and to soluble polysaccharides extracted from guava puree.............

KeyWords: Guava,PsidiumguajavaL., Cell wall polysaccharides, Stone cells, Parenchyma cells, Klerzyme Extra

[1]. O. Marcelin, J. Mourges and A. Talmann, Les polyosides de la goyave (Psidiumguajava L.). Evolution au cours de la croissance et incidences technologiques liées à l'obtention de purées et de jus. Fruits45, 1990, 511-520.
[2]. H. P. Sharma, H. Patel and S. Sharma, Enzymatic extraction and clarification of juice from various fruits-A review. Trends in Post Harvest Technology2, 2014, 01-14.
[3]. J. E. Breeke, H. J. P. Redelinghuys and P. A. Torline, Enzyme treatment and concentration of guava pulp. ActaHort, Fruit and Vegetable for Processing194, 1986, 229-240.
[4]. I. A. G. Weinert and P. J. Van Wik, Guava puree with reduced stone cell content: preparation and characteristics of concentrates and nectars. Int J Food SciTechnol23, 1988, 501-510.
[5]. O. Marcelin, P. Williams and J. M. Brillouet, Isolation and characterisation of two main cell wall types from guava (Psidiumguajava L.) fruit. Carbohydr Res240, 1993, 233-243.

Abstract: There are 759 paper mills in India with an operating capacity of 12.7 million tonnes and consumption of 11 million tonnes with 9.3 kg per capita consumption of paper. The paper industry uses large quantity of freshwater for paper production and similarly generates large quantity of effluent. The generated effluent is characterized by pH, dark color, pungent odour, suspended solids and high organic and inorganic load in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Starting from such considerations, physico-chemical treatment was performed by using coagulation and adsorption to target color, COD, BOD and AOX with statistical approach..............

KeyWords: Adsorption, coagulation, optimization, pulp and paper mill effluent, physico-chemical treatment

[1]. K. S. Gayathri and R. Viji. Removal of colour from paper mill waste water using neem leaf powder, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 11 (3), 2016, 7-13.
[2]. H. D. Kulkarni. Pulp and Paper Industry Raw Material Scenario-ITC Plantation A Case Study, Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association, 25, 2013, 79-90.
[3]. D. Pokhrel and T. Viraraghavan. Treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater -a review, Science of the Total Environment, 333(1- 3), 2004, 37-58.
[4]. V.P. Kesalkar, I. P. Khedikar and A. M. Sudame. Physico-chemical characteristics of wastewater from Paper Industry, International Journal of Engineering Research, 2, 2012, 137-143.
[5]. D. N. Linthoingambi, I. Yadav, S. Singh and S. Belagali. Physicochemical characteristics of paper industry effluents: a case study of South India Paper Mill (SIPM), Environment Monitoring Assessment, 177, 2011, 23–33.

Abstract: Usually tannery effluent is characterized by strong color, high BOD, high COD, low pH and high dissolved salts. Disposal of these wastes into water body or onto land can cause irreversible damage to the environment in the vicinity. The effluents generated during liming and dyeing operations of leather processing are even more dangerous due to their high and low pH range, respectively. In the present work, liming and dyeing streams generated during the production of chrome tanned cow hide shoe upper were mixed together at different ratios and optimized the pH range.............

KeyWords: Chrome tanning, Dye liquor, Lime liquor, Neutralization, Precipitation

[1] J. Kanagaraj, K. C. Velappan, N. K. Chandra Babu and S. Sadulla, Solid waste generation in the leather industry and its utilization for cleaner environment, J. Sci. & Ind.; 65, 2006, 541-548.

[2] G. Sekaran, S. Swarnalatha and T. Srinivasulu, Solid waste management in leather sector, J. Design and Manufacturing Technologies; 1(1), 2007, 47-52.

[3] M. R. Azorn, K. Mahmud, S. M. Yahya, A. Sontu, and S. B. Himon, Environmental Impact Assessment of Tanneries: A Case Study of Hazaribag in Bangladesh, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development; 3(2), 2012, 152-156.

[4] S. Hüffer and T. Taeger, Sustainable leather manufacturing a topic with growing importance, J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc.; 99(10), 2004, 423-428.

[5] UNIDO: Regional programme for pollution control in the tanning industry in south-east Asia: Chrome balance in leather processing; 2000.

Abstract: The volatile composition is a very important factor affecting the wine aromatic attributes and hence its quality. In the present study, the influence of packaging (glass and virgin PET bottles) and storage conditions (for 12 months under cellar and refrigeration temperature) on the composition of the major volatile constituents of two types of Greek red wines produced in the areas of Leucada ("Vertzami") and Zante ("Avgoustiatis") were evaluated. A liquid/liquid extraction method was applied for the isolation of the studied compounds. The identification of the volatile compounds was performed by GC/MS and the quantitative determination by GC/FID analysis. Obtained data were evaluated applying techniques of multivariate statistical analysis (Cluster and Principal Component Analysis)..............

KeyWords: Cluster and Principal Component Analysis, GC/MS and GC/FID analysis, Greek red wines, liquid/liquid extraction, packaging, volatile composition

[1] Pérez -Prieto, L.J., López-Roca, J.M., and Gómez-Plaza E. (2003). Differences in major volatile compounds of red wines according to storage length and storage conditions. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 16, 697–705.
[2] Andujar-Ortiz, I., Moreno-Arribas, M.V., Martín-Álvarez, P.J., and Pozo-Bayón, M.A. (2009). Analytical performance of three commonly used extraction methods for the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of wine volatile compounds. Journal of Chromatography A, 1216, 7351–7357.
[3] Moreira N., Lopes P., Ferreira H., Cabral M., Guedes de Pinho P. (2016) Influence of packaging and aging on the red wine volatile composition and sensory attributes, Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 8, 14-23.
[4] Falqué E., Fernàndez P. and Doubourdieu D. (2001). Differentiation of white wines by their aromatic index. Talanta, 54, 271-281.
[5] Welke J. E., Zanus M., Lazzarotto M. and Alcaraz Zini C. (2014). Quantitative analysis of headspace volatile compounds using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and their contribution to the aroma of Chardonnay wine. Food Research International, 59, 85-99.

Abstract: The study compared the nutritional and physical quality of whole raw and cooked eggs of birds collected from three different genotypes as well as environments,namely (Broiler chicken (Gallus gallus), quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica ) and Local chicken or indigenous (Gallus gallus domesticus). The eggs were divided into two portions one portion was cooked for 30 minutes. Furthermore the whole boiled and cooked of these eggs were characterized with respect to their vitamins and amino acids and the oils extracted from them were analyzed for individual fatty acid and sterols..............

KeyWords: Eggs, amino acids, fattyacid, sterols, vitamins

[1]. US Department of Agriculture, Food and NutritionS Service. Dietary Guidelines for Americans,Washington, D.C. 2005.http://www.mypyraid.gov//guiglines/index_print.html Accessed 10th June 2012
[2]. A.V, Vaclavikand W.E.Chistian Essentials of Food Science .Springer Science Bussiness Media LLC New York,2008 205-230
[3]. T,Triziska Procecessing of eggs in egg science Ed .University of Agiculture in Wroclaw (Poland) 2000 291-401
[4]. E. F,Gueye . Production and consumption trend in Africa. World Poultry., 2003 19: 12-14
[5]. A.Genchev. Quality and Composition of Japanese quail Egg (Coturnix Cournix Japonica) Trakia Journal of Sciences 10 (2), 2012, 91-101

Abstract: The electronic products that are no more productive as expectedare referred to as "E-waste". One of the biggest tribulations is the growing factor related to e-waste that is on constant ravage. For both developed as well as developing countries across the globe, this has become an alarming threat. There is a rise of negative impact specifically on the physical and mental condition of human beings along with unfavorable effects on the environment. The e-waste products found in the year 2010 was about 0.4 million tons and increased to 0.6 million tons in the year 2014; this is found from the concrete surveys. Due to the hazardous nature of these waste materials such as useless volatile composition................

[1]. Ministry of Environment and Forests ―Guidelines for environmentally sound management of e-waste" March 12, 2008
[2]. Ministry of Environment and Forests, CPCB Registered Recyclers, 2008
[3]. EMPA. The e-waste guide; Accessed on Aug 2006: http://www.ewaste.ch/
[4]. Compendium on National WEEE Legislation, United Nations University, United Nations Environment Program, 2006
[5]. Implementation of the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive in the EU, European Commission, Directorate General, Joint Research Centre,IPTS, 2006

Abstract: Pour maîtriser les procédés de séchage et de stockage des plantes médicinales il faut connaitre leurs isothermes de sorption. L'objectif de ce travail est de déterminer les isothermes de sorption de l'humidité sur les feuilles du laurier « Laurus nobilis. L » de la région de Gabès du sud tunisien. Les isothermes de sorption ont été étudiées pour des activités de l'eau variant entre 10% et 90% et pour des températures de 40°C,50°C et 60°C en utilisant la méthode gravimétrique. Les résultats montrent que les isothermes de sorption des feuilles de Laurus nobilis...............

KeyWords: Chaleurs isostériques , isothermes de sorption, Laurus nobilis.L.

[1]. Y, B. Yurthu, " Drying characteristics of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis.L) fruits in a convective hot air dryer" , African Journal of biotechnology, 10(47), 2011, 9600-9605.
[2]. S. Nehir El, N. Karagozlu, S. Karakaya, S. Sahın, "Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Laurus nobilis L. Leaves by Using Solvent-Free Microwave and Hydrodistillation", Food and Nutrition Sciences, 5, 2014, 97-106, .
[3]. K. Ould Yerou, B. Meddah, A. Tir Touil, "Essentials oils of Laurus nobilis from the west of Algeria", Electronic journal of biology , 2016.
[4]. I. Kahouli,"Effet antioxydant d‟extrait de plantes (Laurus nobilis L., Rosmarinus officinalis, Origanum majorana, Oléa Europea L.) dans l‟huile de Canola chauffé ", Faculté des études supérieures de l'Université Laval, 2010.

Abstract: Water sediments are the final repositories for natural and anthropogenic components of the ecosystem and as a result of this; there is need for constant monitoring of our environment, most importantly River sediments. This research work assesses the anthropogenic contributions of heavy metals in Elemi River sediment with the aid of statistical tools such as Enrichment factor (EF), Pollution load index (PLI) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo). The distribution patterns were in the order; Cu ˃ Zn ˃ Fe ˃ Mn ˃ Pb ˃ Cd ˃ Cr during the dry season while the wet season was in the order...............

KeyWords: Heavy metals, sediment, season, enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, pollution load index

[1]. S.M. Saeed and I.M. Shaker, Assessment of heavy metals pollution in water and sediments and their effect in Oreochromis niloticus in the Northern Delta lakes, Egypt. 8th International Symposium of Tilapia in Aquaculture, 2008, 475-490.
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