IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2017

Abstract: The study involves the meticulous view to determining the level of degradation resulting from cement production on the environs. Since the area in question becomes almost inhabitable for human due to chippings, animal, and agricultural produces yielding poorly. Soil samples were taken and analyzed in order to determine some heavy metal contents and physico-chemical parameter in view to know the causative substances. From analytical result of soil samples, there are elevated values recorded (relative to control) and as compared with established regulated criteria (BOWEN'S).Meanwhile, activities of the cement production.............

Keywords: Eco-rehabilitation, Physico-chemical parameters, Heavy metal contents, Relative to control, Chippings, eco-imbalance, blasting, and causatives.

[1] Adams, T.G, Atchison and Velter, R.J. (1980). "The Impact Of An Industrially Contaminated Lake On Heavy Metal Levels In Th Effluent Stream "Hydrobiology 69:187-193.
[2] Ademoroti, C .M .A.(1996). Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology.Folutex Press Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[3] Badarudeen, A; Damodaran, K.T, Sajan, K.And Padmalal, D. (1960). Texture And Geochemistry Of Sediments Of A TropicalMangrove Ecosystem, Southwest Coast Of India, Environ Geol, 27:164-169.
[4] Benka-Coker, M.O, (1998).Textural and Chemical Characterization of Sediments of Teboga Waste Dump.Unpublished Masters. Thesis Submitted To The Dept. Of Geology, University Of Benin.
[5] Brady, N. C. (1965). The Nature and Properties of Soil. 18th Edition, Pp 560 – 568.

Abstract: This is the review paper specifically touching upon the comprehensive aspects of general pattern of tobacco usage in India. The information on prevalent tobacco habits in India, health hazards and environmental hazards due to tobacco use, passive smoking and its impact, economics of tobacco, legislation to control tobacco in India, the tobacco cessation services and the way ahead for effective tobacco control are discussed. Tobacco use in India is as old as Indian civilisation and was very strongly embedded in Indian culture. Smoking among youth is in vogue due to slackening of stranglehold of rigid and orthodox Indian traditional behavioural diktats.............

Keywords: Tobacco consumption, cigarette, chewing tobacco, Green Tobacco Sickness, National Tobacco Control Programme, Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act, National Family Health Survey

[1] Gupta.C.Prakash & Reddy.K. Srinath, Tobacco control in India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India Nirman Bhawan, Maulana Azad Road, New Delhi 110011, India (2004)
[2] Soni Preeti & Raut D.K, Prevalence and Pattern of Tobacco Consumption in India, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, ISSN 2319–3565 Vol. 1(4), 36-43, December (2012)

[3] Jain.D.C & Kaur J., Tobacco Control policies in India: Implementation and Challenges, Indian Journal of Public Health, vol:55,issue 3,220-227 (2011)
[4] Rani.M, Bonu.S, Jha. P, Nguyen.N.S & Jamjoum, Tobacco use in India: prevalence and predictors of smoking and chewing in a national cross sectional household survey, Tobacco Control,vol:12, issue:4 (2003)

Abstract: During the peak harvest season, most coffee processing factories may lack sufficient capacity to process coffee cherries. Such processing delays lead to undesirable fermentation affecting the quality of the coffee. Soaking of coffee cherries may be adopted in an attempt to preserve the cherries but information on the effects of this practice on chemical composition and sensory quality of coffee is limited. This study aimed at determining the biochemical composition and cup quality of soaked coffee cherries, for a period of seven and ten days with daily change of soaking water and without change of soaking water with the control being freshly processed coffee cherries. The levels of caffeine, chlorogenic acids, sugars and trigonelline were determined by HPLC methods. The cup quality was determined by the use of 3 trained coffee cuppers. The results of this study............

Keywords: Chemical composition, coffee cherries, cup quality, soaking.

[1]. K. Lee, and T. Shibamoto, Analysis of volatile components isolated from Hawaiian green coffee beans ( Coffea arabica L), Flavor and Fragrance journal 17, (2002), 349–351.
[2]. C. Ky, S. Doulbeau, B. Guyo, A. Charrier, J. Hamon, S. Louarn, and M. Noirot, Inheritance of sucrose content in the interspecific cross: Coffea pseudozanguebariae Coffea liberica "dewevrei." Journal of Plant Breeding, 119, (2001)165–168.
[3]. B. M. Gichimu, E. K. Gichuru, G. E. Mamati, and A.B. Nyende, Biochemical Composition Within Coffea arabica cv . Ruiru 11 and Its Relationship With Cup Quality,African Journal of Research 3(3), (2014)31–44.
[4]. A. Sualeh, S. Endris, and A. Mohammed,. Processing Method , Variety and Roasting Effect on Cup Quality of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L .), Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 2(2), (2014) 70–75.
[5]. V. Singh, Wet milling, a

Abstract: Water, sediment and fish (Clariasanguillaris, Tilapia zilli, Synodontisbudgetti and Heterotisniloticus) samples from Komadugu river basin of Yobe State, Nigeria were collected on seasonal basis (rainy, dry seasons and harmattan period) for the determination of the levels of organochlorine pesticide residues (OCPs). Extraction and clean-up of water, sediment and fish samples for OCPs was carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the OCPs in water, sediment fish samples were determined using GC/MS SHIMADZU (Agilent 7890A).The total concentration of OCPs in water samples from the study area ranged from 6.70E-01 μg/L to 2.55E+00 μg/L. The concentrations of OCPs in the different species of fish samples ranged from2.00E-02 to 1.42E+00 mg/kg. Alderin shows the highest concentration (1.42E+00 mg/kg)during the rainy season. The total OCPs (7.26E+00mg/kg)was obtained during the rainy season............

Keywords: Komadugu River Basin, Water, Sediment, Fish, Extraction, Cleanup

[1]. Adeyemi, D., Ukpo, G., Anyakora, C. and Unyimandu, J. (2008). Organochlorine pesticides residues in fish samples from Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4:649–653.
[2]. Afful, S, Anim, A. and Serfor-Armah Y. (2010). Spectrum of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Fish Samples from the Densu Basin. Journal of Environmental Earth Science, 2(3): 133-138.
[3]. Akan, J. C., Mohammed, Z. Jafiya, L. and Ogugbuaja, V. O. (2013). Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Fish Samples from Alau Dam, Borno State, North Eastern Nigeria Environmental. Journal of AnalyticalToxicology3:3.
[4]. Alpay, P., Oztekin, O., Bulut, S., Koken, R., Sen, T. A., Koken, G. and Demir, T. (2008). The kinds and the levels of pesticides found in expressed human milk in Afyonkarahisar region of Turkey. Early Human Development 84, S111-112 (supplement for 1stInternational Congress of UENPS).
[5]. Barlas, N. E. (2002). Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediment samples in inner Anatolia in Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,69:236-242.

Abstract: Fermentation of coffee beans is primarily done to remove mucilage and can be done using two methods; dry and wet fermentation methods. This research aimed at determining the effect of different fermentation methods on physicochemical composition and the sensory quality of coffee. Coffee cherries were pulped and subjected to natural fermentation methods in different fermentation containers; plastic bucket, sack and cement tank. After fermentation, the parchment were washed and dried. The green coffee beans were
evaluated for physicochemical composition and sensory attributes. The results showed that different fermentation methods did not have significant variations in most of the physico-chemical parameters analysed..............

Keywords: Arabica coffee, fermentation methods, physicochemical composition, cup quality

[1]. Mburu, J. K. The current recommendations for the processing of high quality and safe coffee in Kenya. in Proceedings of 20th International Scientific Colloquium on Coffee 509–512 (2004).
[2]. Avallone, S., Guyot, B., Brillouet, J. M., Olguin, E. & Guiraud, J. P. Microbiological and biochemical study of coffee fermentation. Curr. Microbiol.42, 252–256 (2001).
[3]. Silva, C.F., Schwan, R.F., Dias, E.S. and Wheals, A. E. Microbial diversity during maturation and natural processing of coffee cherries of Coffea arabica in Brazil. Int. J. Food Microbiol.60, 251–260 (2000).
[4]. Mussatto, S. I., Machado, E. M. S., Martins, S. & Teixeira, J. A. Production, Composition, and Application of Coffee and Its Industrial Residues. Food Bioprocess Technol.4, 661–672 (2011).
[5]. Jackels, S., Jackels, C., Vallejos, C., Kleven, S. & Rivas, R. Control of the Coffee Fermentation Process and Quality of Resulting Roasted Coffee : Studies in the Field Laboratory and on Small Farms in Nicaragua During the 2005-06. 21st Int. Conf. Coffee Sci. Montpellier, Fr. 11-15 Sept. 2006.. Assoc. Sci. Int. du Café 434–442 (2005).

Abstract: The effect of protease inhibitor used in treatment of HIV patients leading to abnormally increased Uric acid level was the focus of this research.100 HIV positive patient on Medication (protease inhibitor) and 100 HIV positive patients not on Medication (control) was investigated for Uric acid levels using Fortress Reagent Kit. The mean Uric acid level of HIV Patients on medication was 385.16mmol/l in males and 381.06mmol/l in females respectively, while mean Uric acid level of HIV Patients not on medication was 336.27mmol/l and 321.6mmol/l for male and female controls respectively. Comparism of mean Uric acid levels of HIV Patients on Medication with those not on Medication (control) was statistically significant (p<0.05). Comparism of mean Uric acid of male and female HIV Patients on Medication with corresponding male and female HIV Patients not on medication was statistically.............

Keywords: Protease Inhibitors, Uric acid, Monitoring, Gout, Kidney stone.

[1]. Anonymous. (2006). "Protease Inhibitor; A Simple Fact Sheet from the AIDS Treatment Data Network".
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[3]. Dehghan, A. (2007). "High serum uric acid as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus".pp 61-76
[4]. FDA (Food and Drug Administration), (2006). Grants Fast Track "Hostile takeovers: viral appropriation of the NF-kappaB pathway". Designation To Oral HCV Protease Inhibitor SCH 503034.
[5]. Fantry, LE (2003). "Protease inhibitor-associated diabetes mellitus: A potential cause of morbidity and mortality". Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 32 (3): 243–4. PMID 12626882.

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the nutritive values of three different varieties of locally grown pineapples (Annanas comosus). Nutritional parameters analyzed include moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, energy, ash, fiber, total sugar, vitamin C, B1 and vitamin B2, minerals (Ca, P, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mg) and the amino acids compositions as determined by Amino Analyzer. Among the three varieties Kalender (Giant Kew) contained the highest amount of Protein, carbohydrate, total sugar ash and energy. Jaldubi (Honey Queen) contains the highest amount of moisture while Kalender the lowest. Fat content varies from 0.09% to 0.032%. The present study also revealed that with the exception of vitamin C and Ca, P, Fe, Mg, pineapples do not contain very much of the other vitamins and minerals.

Keywords: Pineapple, Comparative study, proximate, mineral elements, amino acids

[1]. D.P. Coveca, Comision veracruzana de comercializacion agropecuaria. Gobierno del Estado de Veracruz, México, 2002.
[2]. FAO, http://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/frg/afris/espanol, 2004.
[3]. FAO, Statistical database, 2004
[4]. AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis. 15th edition, Washington DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1990.
[5]. D. Pearson, Chemical Analysis of Foods. 7th edition, London: Churchill Livingstone; pp. 7–11, 1976.
[6]. E. G Bligh, and W. J. Dyer, Total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37: 911, 1959..

Abstract: Dung beetles are coprophagous beetles belonging to the order Coleoptera, in the Scarabaeidae family. This study aims to find out the dung beetles species associated with various stages of cow dung decomposition in an agrohabitat.2-6 hr old fresh cow dung pats were placed in open agricultural fields in Kerala, South India. Beetle composition from 8 stages of colonization, lasting 14 days were analysed to throw light into succession of dung beetles. Dung beetles in cow dung pats involved a short stay of 14 days. Fifteen dung beetle species representing eight genera and four tribes were recorded. Both abundance and species richness increased till 4th day of succession and declined beyond.............

Keywords: Agro habitat, Dung Beetles, Kerala, South India, Succession

[1]. N.H. Ravindranath, H.I. Somashekar, M.S. Nagaraja, P. Sudha, G. Sangeetha, S.C. Bhattacharya, and A.P. Salam, Assessment of sustainable non-plantation biomass resources potential for energy in India. Biomass and Bioenergy, 29(3),2005, 178-190.
[2]. G.T. Fincher, The potential value of dung beetles in pasture ecosystems. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 16(3),1981,16-333. [3]. G. Halffter and W.D. Edmonds, The nesting behavior of dung beetles (Scarabaeinae): an ecological and evolutive approach. Institu´ to de Ecologı´a, Me´xico, D. F Publ. no. 10,1982.
[4]. G. Halffter and E.G. Matthews, The natural history of dung beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Folia Entomologica Mexicana, 12-14,1966: 1-312.
[5]. I. Hanski, The dung insect community.in: I. Hanski and Y. Cambefort (Ed.), Dung beetle ecology, (New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1991).

Abstract: This paper is one of the several extensions of the research works done by [5]. Green Supply Chain Practices have been known to have an impact on Green Supply Chain Performance [5].This paper tests empirically through a pilot study of the Indian Automobile Manufacturing Sector, the contribution of the twelve variables constituting the construct Green Supply Chain Execution-Logistics in Green Supply Chain Performance measurement. Also the paper establishes the reliability of the questionnaire instrument developed previously for measuring the construct Green Supply Chain Execution-Logistics and also for measuring the twelve variables that constitute the construct Green Supply Chain Execution-Logistics. Further the paper establishes the correlation among these twelve variables.............

Keywords: Automobile, CFA, Green Supply Chain Execution-Logistics, Green Supply Chain Performance, Green Supply Chain Practices, Indian, Manufacturing Sector, Pilot Study

[1]. Emmett, S. and Sood, V., Green Supply Chains – An Action Manifesto. John Wiles & Sons, 2010, 123-137.
[2]. Gandhi, M.A., A Review of the Indian Automobile Manufacturing Sector, IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 19(3), Ver II, 2017, 9-15.
[3]. Gandhi, M.A. and Sharma, S., A Review of Research Methodologies Linking Green Supply Chain Practices and Green Supply Chain Performance, International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 3(4), 2014.

[4]. George, D., and Mallery, M. Using SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference. 2003

[5]. Sharma, S., and Gandhi, M.A., Exploring correlations in components of green supply chain practices and green supply chain performance, Competitiveness Review, 26(3), 2016, 332-368.

Abstract: National Ground Water Monitoring wells in erstwhile Andhra Pradesh (presently Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States) were used to create a baseline data on content of boron in the phreatic zone. The study area is spread over by about 2.7 lakh sq km and has three distinct hyrogeological formations-Consolidated, Semiconsolidated and Unconsolidated formations. In the study 618 dugwells were monitored for various chemical parameters including boron. The data obtained was classified formation wise and discussed on the basis of boron tolerance of various crops

Keywords: Andra Pradesh, Groundwater, Hydrogeological formations, Boron

[1] APHA, (2000). Standard Methods for the examination of water and waste water (20th edition) Washigton, D.C American Public Health Association.
[2] Bureau of Indian standards drinking water specifications; IS 10500:2012, New Delhi.
[3] Butterwick, L., N. de Oude, and K. Raymond. 1989. Safety assessment of boron in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 17:339-371 (as cited in ATSDR, 1992).
[4] Goldbloom RB, Goldbloom A (1953) Boric acid poisoning: Report of four cases and a review of 190 cases from the world literature. Journal of pediatrics, 43:631-643.
[5] Graedel, T.E. 1978. Inorganic elements, hydrides, oxides, and carbonates. In: Chemical Compounds in the Atmosphere. New York, NY: Academic Press. pp. 35-49 (as cited in ATSDR, 1992)..

Abstract: Fermented milk products possess very important input and also plays a vital role in providing nutritional and therapeutic properties especially in dairy industries. Dahi is an indigenous and common fermented milk product of household and also has its own commercial value, prepared using lactic culture with probiotic properties. The present study was undertaken to find out the presence of acid and bile tolerance cultures for dahi samples collected from Bangalore market area. This process was carried to obtain the probiotic culture which is very much significant in the present scenario of any food and nutritional aspects of any industry related to food business. Further, the primary data were collected from different BBMP zones of Bengaluru consisting of 24 numbers of dahi samples were used for the study purpose............

[1] Bourlioux, p and pochart, p. C. 1998. Nutritional and health properties of yoghurt world rev. Nutr.det. 56:21-58.
[2] Collins, m.d. And gibson, g.r, 1999. Probiotics,prebiotics and symbiotics approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. Am. J. Clin.nutr.69:1052s-1057s.
[3] El-soda, m., ahmed, n., omran, n., osman, g and morsi, a.,2003. Isolation , identification and selection of lactic acid bacterial culture for cheese making. Emir.j. Food agri 15:51-75.
[4] Food and agriculture organization/world health organization (FAO/WHO), 2001. Report of a joint fao/who expert consultation on evaluation of health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria, córdoba, argentina,
[5] Mahesh patil, manjunatha, h., sharanagouda, b. And prabha, r. 2016. Occurrence of probiotic lactic isolates in unbranded and branded dahi available in bengaluru market. Frontier j. Vet. Anim. Sci., 5(3):86-89

Abstract: The environment is continuously under threat with the new products and processes being developed. A careful scrutiny of all the new products and processes is extremely essential. A class of new contaminants called as the emerging contaminants has been identified by the researchers. The emerging contaminants have different origins but are equally harmful with their effects on human and environment. The emerging contaminants require newer methods to be devised to take complete care of them. The conventional water treatment methods are insufficient to take care of the emerging contaminants. The emerging contaminants include a range of products like sunscreens, Pharmaceuticals, Flame Retardants, Disinfection Byproducts etc. The present study focuses on treatment of pharmaceutical emerging contaminant using sonication method.

Keywords: Contaminant, Disinfection, Environment, Sonication

[1] Barnes, K.K., Kolpin, D.W., Furlong, E.T., Zaugg, S.D., Meyer, M.T., Barber, L.B., 2008.Anational reconnaissance ofpharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States e I) Ground water. Sci. Total Environ. 402, 192-200.
[2] Benotti MJ, Trenholm RA, Vanderford BJ, Holady JC, Stanford BD, Snyder SA.Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in U.S. drinking water.Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Feb 1;43(3):597-603.
[3] Broséus R, Vincent S, Aboulfadl K, Daneshvar A, Sauvé S, Barbeau B, Prévost M. Ozone oxidation of pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors and pesticides during drinking water treatment. Water Res. 2009 Oct;43(18):4707-17.
[4] Bottero JY, Rose J, Wiesner MR. Nanotechnologies: tools for sustainability in a new wave of water treatment processes. Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2006 Oct;2(4):391-5.
[5] Costa LG, Giordano G. Developmental neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. NeuroToxicology 2007; 28: 1047-67..

Abstract: Climate change has had an impact on land uses and consequently land use changes have impacted on climate in the Mt. Marsabit area of Marsabit County. This study was conducted to establish the impact of climate change on land uses in Mt. Marsabit in Kenya .Climate data was collected for a period of 50 years (1960 -2010), the data was mainly for rainfall amounts and temperature figures. This was collected on monthly basis. Land use data was collected using land sat imageries for the years 1973, 1986 and 2000.Climate data was done using SPSS to generate graph that showed the trends in climate over the period of study. Land use data was analysed using Geographical Information Systems (G.I S) to find out the changes over the period of study. The study established that there was a decline in rainfall amounts of approximately 5.18 mm per annum and an increase in temperature amounts of about 0.05 0 c............

Keywords: Climate Change, Land use, G.I.S

[1] Bake, G. (1983), An analysis of Climatological data from Marsabit District of Northern Kenya-IPAL Technical Report No B-3, UNESCO, NAIROBI
[2] Borgeson, R.H (1981), A preliminary analysis of underground water from Marsabit District, Northern Kenya-IPAL Technical Report B-2 UNESCO, NAIROBI
[3] Campbell, D.J et al (2003) Root causes of land use change in Loitoktok area in Kajiado District, Kenya. Workshop paper No.19 January 2003.
[4] Edwards, K.A, Field C.R and Hogg, I.G (1979) A Preliminary Analysis Of Climatological Data For Marsabit District, Of Northern Kenya. UNESCO/IPAL Technical Report Number B-1.
[5] FAO, 1985, FAO Water shed Management Field Manual. FAO Conservation Guide Vol. 13 UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome

Abstract: Finance for housing development has become a perennial problem to certain categories of individuals in Nigeria. As a result of this financial need, the government devised a means of raising fund through compulsory deductions of 2.5% from workers earnings following the enactment of the National Housing Policy (NHP).The Federal Mortgage bank of Nigeria became the regulatory body through which the fund can be accessed by the Primary Mortgage Institutions (PMIs) and in turn disburse to the contributors in the form of housing finance loan. This study examines the challenges of financing housing development for the low and medium income earners in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study explores the sources of housing finance available to the low and medium income earners as well as the requirements for accessing housing loans through the PMIs, performance of the PMIs and most importantly ways of mitigating the problems low and medium income earners face in accessing housing finance loans.............

Keywords:Finance, home ownership, low/medium income.S

[1] Abimaje, J., Akinbohungbe, D. O., & Ndlalai, B. A. (2014). Housing Affordability in Nigerian Towns: A case study of Idah, Nigeria. International Journal of Civil Engineering, Construction and Estate Management, I(2), 31-38.
[2] Abiodun, A. (1999). Housing finance under the National Housing Fund. NIgeria Institute of Town Planning.
[3] Adebamowo, M. E., Oduwaye, L., & Oduwaye, O. S. (2009). Problems of mitigating housing finance through the primary mortgage institution in Lagos. International business and management journal, 4(1).
[4] Adedeji, Y. D., & Abiodun, O. O. (2009). An evaluation of accessibilityof low incomeearners to housing finance in nigeria. The European scientific journal, 8(12).
[5] Ademuliyi, I. A. (2010). Public housing delivery strategy in Nigeria. Journal of sustenaible development in Africa, xii(12).

Abstract: In PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar, amount of domestic water consumption is higher than ammount of available water from groundwater and district Water Company. In order to fulfill of domestic water demand, improvement to increase water availability in PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar is needed. One of solution is reuse wastewater from continuous blowdown (CBD). CBD wastewater is the contaminated water especially solid content along steam water cycle. CBD waste processing has been done to process waste water into domestic water. From laboratory test results were obtained the best mixture of waste and fresh water with a ratio of 1:48 to produce domestic water. From an economical view of point, this process can reduce costs for the production or purchase of raw water. During 6 months, the obtained saving is IDR 62.822.259,

Keywords: CBD, cycle, reuse, water, waste

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[2]. B. Ali and A. Kumar, "Development of life cycle water footprints for gas-fired power generation technology," Energy Conversion Management, vol. 110, no. 15, pp. 386-396, 2016.
[3]. J. Li, K. Wang and L. Cheng, "Experiment and optimization of a new kind once-through heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) based on analysis of exergy and economy," Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 120, pp. 402-415, 2017.
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Abstract: Battery is one of the toxic and hazardous materials. Used batteries are one of hazardous and toxic waste because it contain mercury, manganese, lead, cadmium, nickel and lithium which are harmful to the environment and human health. Battery waste shouldnt be disposed of in public landfills because it will pollute the soil, and groundwater. PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar have various innovative efforts to reduce hazardous and toxic waste generation, one of them with the reuse of ex GT batteries. This is done as commitment PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar maintain nature conservation............

Keywords: Battery, hazardous, reuse, toxic, waste

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