iosr-JPBS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2018

Abstract: This annual herbaceous legume is an excellent crop for farmers due to its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall. It requires very few inputs, as the plants root nodules are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, well-suited to intercropping with other crops. The whole plant is used as forage for animals, with its use as cattle feed likely responsible for its name. The crop is selected to identify the pathogenic microorganism causing the disease in the selected plant (Vignaunguiculata sesquipedalis), isolate the obtained pathogenic forms in their pure culture, determine the effect of interaction between the obtained pathogen..............

Keywords: pathogen related protein, plant-pathogen interactions, plant defense

Abstract: An isocratic reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of Methohexital in API, dosage formulations and human serum. Chromatographic separation was achieved on SYMMETRY C18 150X4.6mm,3.7μmand columns using mobile phase, methanol: water (70:30 v/v) adjusted to pH 3.0 via phosphoric acid 85% having flow rate of 1.0 mL min -1 at ambient temperature with detector set at 272 nm. Calibration curves were linear over range of 5-25 μgmL -1 with a correlation coefficient ± 0.999. LOD and LOQ were in the ranges of 0.4-2.3 μgmL -1 . Intra and inter-run precision and accuracy results were 98.0 to 102%.

Keywords: Methohexital Barbiturate; Rp-Hplc

Abstract: This study was carried out in order to isolate enteric bacteria from stool of diarrheal patients and determine their antibacterial susceptibility profile. Fresh diarrheal stool samples were collected from four Hospitals in Awka, Anambra state, transported to the laboratory, and maintained in the refrigerator at 4oc for microbial examinations. The samples were inoculated onto Eosin Methylene Blue agar and MacConkey agar at room temperature for 24hours. Seven (7) isolates of six genera were isolated and identified as Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp., Esherichia spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Vibrio spp. Salmonella spp. was the most frequently isolated bacteria. Antibacterial susceptibility test of the isolates to conventional antibiotics and aqueous extract of Thymus vulgaris leaves were performed. The results showed that the isolates were susceptible to the antibiotics at various concentrations..........

Keywords: Enteric-Bacteria, Susceptibility, Antibiotics, Diarrhea, Stool samples

Abstract: This study explores the reversed phaseliquidchromatography (HPLC) for the simultaneous quantification of Parecoxib and its four potential impurities in an injection formulation. The separation of impurities from Parecoxib was achieved on a Zorbax XDB C18 150 x 4.6, 3.5 μm, using a simple inexpensive buffer (potassium phosphate, 0.02 M), a mixture of acetonitrile and methanol as the mobile phase. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 using a simple linear gradient elution mode. The sample components were detected by UV-VIS detector at 245 nm. The method is capable of resolving close eluting analytes with a minimum resolution of 3.0. Forced degradation...........

Keywords: HPLC, Parecoxib,Injection formulation, Potential impurities, Method Development and Validation

Abstract: Field survey was conducted to record the diversity of spiders at different ecosystems in and around Mysore city during January to April, 2018. Observations were made from morning 8.00 to 11.00 hrs and 16.00 to 18.00 hrs by employing Visual Count Method at Fixed Variable Width Line Transects and an All Out Search Method. Around 65 species of spiders belonging to 15 families were recorded. Salticidae family was represented with eight species (e.g. Rhene rubrigera, Telamonia dimidiata, T. sikkimensis, Carrhotus viduus, Epocilla aurantiaca, Myrmarachne sp. and Plexippus paykulli) followed by Araneidae (e.g. Araneus sp., Argiope aemula, Cyclosa tuberculata, Cyrtophora.........

Keywords: Spiders, density, abundance, different ecosystems, Mysore, Karnataka

Abstract: Meropenem is a broad spectrum antibiotic and it's efficacy is much higher against in Urinary tract Infection. It is a vital public health problem in the world along with developing country like Bangladesh is resistance of antibiotics to different types of bacteria and the rates of these bacterial resistances are changing for various antibiotic therapies. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of Meropenem against uropathogens. A total of 12943 urine samples were collected in 2016 (Jan-Dec) and out of which 1018 (8.0%) were bacteriologically positive. Among the isolated uropathogens, 94.7% were gram negative and 5.3% were gram positive organism. Male were found more prone to get UTI under 10 years and more than 50 years; and between 21-50 years of age females were more affected than male. E. coli was the most prevalent (83.5%) isolate followed by Klebsiella spp. (6.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.8%), Pseudomonas spp. (2.3%), Enterococcus spp. (2.2%) and Proteus spp. (1.2%). The most predominant resistance organism Pseudomonas spp. (25%) in male and Acinetobacter spp. (100%) in female were found but here number of UTI patients were very few. The most predominant organism E. coli resistant to Meropenem was around 2.5% in male and 4.0% in female..

Keywords: Meropenem, Carbapenem, UTI, Resistance, Uropathogen

Abstract: Currently there is interest in the development of alternative therapies in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders. Attention has turned to gut microbiota as bacteria based therapies. Many enteric lactobacilliare potentially probiotics and approved as alternative therapy for curing lists of gastric diseases.The present study was aimed to seek for therapeutic efficacy of enteric Lactobacillusagainst human opportunistic bacteria(Achromobacterxylosoxidans and Klebsiellaoxytoca), that were isolated from gastric endoscopic biopsy specimens of peptic ulcerative patients on continuous medication. Thirteen Lactobacillus isolates were isolatedfrom breast – feed infant faces on De Man Rogosa and Sharpemedium (MRS) supplemented with vancomycin (1μg.ml-1), mainlyheterofermentative lactobacilli were the predominant.Isolateswere identified on the basis of...............

Keywords: Probiotics, Enteric Lactobacillus, in vitro antagonism, opportunisticbacteria,Achromobacterxylosoxidans, Klebsiellaoxytoca.

Abstract: In this study, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of aqueous leaves extract of Carica papaya using formalin induced hind paw edema in rats, and acetic acid induced abdominal writhing in mice was investigated. A total of 25Albino Wistar rats were used for the anti-inflammatory studies and 25 mice where used for the analgesic study. In the anti-inflammatory studies, 25 rats were divided into 5groups of 5rats each. Group I serve as control group and received normal saline, group II, III and IV were administered 25, 50 and 100mg/Kg body weight of the carica papaya leaves extract while group V serves as the positive control group which was administered piroxicam 20mg/kg body weight. For the analgesic study, 25 mice were divided into 5groups of 5mice each. Group I serve as control group................

Keywords: Carica papaya, anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect, piroxicam, abdominal writhing reflex, edema, formalin

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of our work is to study the effect of cross linking and to analyze the anatomical and functional results of patients suffering from bullous keratopathy post cataract surgery . Patients and Methods: Our study relates 10 patients (10 eyes) presenting bullous keratopathy post cataract surgery and for whom a cross linking epi off was realized. Results: We have seen a very favorable evolution on the symptomatic plan after treatment by cross linking with a clear reduction of corneal pains, reduction of central corneal thickness and improvement of corneal transparency after 60 days..................

Keywords: Bullous Keratopathy, Cross Linking, Cataract.

Abstract: Introduction: Rickettsial infectious disease suspected in patient who presents clinical triad based on fever, headache, skin rash with notion of travel in endemic area. Ocular damage is frequent in rickettsial disease. Patients and Methods: 58 years old women which present a reduction of visual acuity after an episod of fever, arthritis and skin rash. A complete ophthalmologic examination was done with complete inflammatory and infectious report. Results: Fluorescein angiography shows retinite signs and occlusive vasculitis and bilateral macular cystoid edema. Biology confirms Rickettsial disease with high IgM titers of coronii Rickettsiosis upper than 2560. Discussion: Ocular damage in rickettsial diseases is different and varied. They touch anterior and posterior segments by endothelial vascular tropism with a good evolution after treatment. The diagnosis is confirmed by serology and the treatment is based on doxycycline with a good functional evolution..................

Keywords: Occlusive vasculitis, Rickettsial disease, Macula edema

Abstract: Effects of some selected brands of antifungal with and without specific antifungal activities on Microsporiumcanis and Epidermophytonfloccosumwas carried out to ascertain their potency. Punch hole diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of dermatophytes to different brands of topical antifungal with and without specific antifungal activities. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration was determined to ascertain potency.EpidermophytonfloccosumandMicrosporumCanis were subjected to twelve brands of topical anti-fungal creams (Betrosil, Funbact-A, Fluzec-NM,3G, Miracute, Mycoten, Mycozoral, Nixoderm, Quadriclear, Skineal, Tribotan and Tydineal) and four other selected agents without specific antimicrobial functions namely close up toothpaste, dabur herbal toothpaste, hydraulic fluid and shea butter).There was statistically significant difference.................

Keywords: Microsporiumcanis, Epidermophytonfloccosum,hydraulic fluid, Fungicidal, Fungistatic.

Abstract: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are prescribed with the dual antiplatelet therapy, the association of PPI with the reduction of clopidogrel efficacy is controversial. An electronic search in Pub Med, EMBASE, and Scopus was conducted, all the relevant articles published during the period from January 2011to present were included. The following search terms such as "proton pump inhibitors" "ischemic stroke" "aspirin" "clopidogrel" "omeprazole," "rabeprazole" and "pantoprazole" are used along with appropriate boolean operators AND or OR. The search is limited to the articles in English language and human adults and experimental research evidence. Out of 2453 items, 19 pieces of evidence were selected for analysis. Four trials, three reviews, three case-control studies, four comparative studies.................

Keywords: Proton pump inhibitors, Dual antiplatelet therapy, Stroke.

Abstract: The over-use and/or indiscriminate application of herbicides by most rural farmers in Nigeria are major factors that contribute to bioaccumulation of chemical agents and environmental contamination in the society. Butachlor® (N-butoxymethyl-2-chloro-2, 6-diethylacetamide), a systemic herbicide is widely used to control weeds in different parts of Nigeria.Bioaccumulation of the herbicide,butachlor® in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves was evaluated at 6 weeks following cultivation of the crops and application of the herbicide at pre-emergence.A normal or recommended concentration of 260 mg/m2of the herbicide, anda 12% and 24% increase (290 and 320 mg/m2 respectively) above the normal concentration were separately applied to the experimental legume crops planted in different plots. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to determine the presence and also.................

Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Herbicide Butachlor, Chromatography, Contaminant.