IOSR-JAVS   Volume-7 ~ Issue-1 ~ JAN-2014

ABSTRACT: Meiotic chromosomes obtained from members of the coleopteran subfamilies Geotrupinae and Dynamopinae were studied using standard and C-banding techniques. The study presents detailed karyotypic description of two Geotrupinae species viz. Bolboceras indicum Westw. and Bolboceras quadridens F. and one Dynamopinae species, Dynamopus athleta Sem. with special emphasis on the distribution and variability of constitutive heterochromatin. The karyotypes in B. indicum and B.quadridens consisted of 2n=20 (9II + Xyp), with seven metacentric and two acrocentric pairs of autosomes which gradually decreased in size. For D. athleta the karyotype was 2n= 22 (10II + Xyp) with meta- and submetacentric autosome showing gradations in size. In all the three species the constitutive heterochromatin (CH) was predominantly pericentromeric.

Keywords: Geotrupinae, Scarab beetles, Dynamopinae, Chromosomes, C-banding, Karyotype

[1] A. P. Arcanjo, D. C. Cabral-de-mello, A. E. B. Silva and R. C. Moura, Cytogenetic characterization of Eurysternus caribaeus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): evidence of sex-autosome fusion and diploid number reduction prior to species dispersion, J. Genet., 88, 2009.
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[3] S. G. Smith, N. Virkki, Animal cytogenetics (3) (Berlin ,West : printed in West Germany1978).
[4] V. G. Martins, The chromosome of five species of Scarabaeidae (Polyphaga, Coleoptera), Naturallia, 19, 1994, 89–96.
[5] R. C. Moura, M. J. Souza, N. F. Melo and A. C. Lira-Neto, Karyotypic characterization of representatives from Melolonthinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Karyotypic analysis, banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Hereditas , 138, 2003, 200– 206.

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted to determine the selection of morphological descriptors in cassava crop by multivariate techniques with the aim of optimizing the use of this technique in order to provide reliable, useful information for the program of genetic improvement and conservation of the species. The phenotypical characterization was performed in 200 genotypes, using 35 descriptors. These genotypes came from Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits, located in the municipality of Cruz das Almas - BA.

[1] ARAUJO , D. G. of , Carvalho , SP ; ALVES , RM Genetic divergence between clones of Theobroma grandiflorum ( Willd ex Spreng Theobroma grandiflorum Schum ) . Science and Agrotechnology , v.26 , p.13- 21 , 2002.
[2] CIAT International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Cassava report 1987-1989 - Cali , Colombia : CIAT 1993. 621p . (Working document , 91 ) .
[3] COSTA . J. C. 's . Use of ISSR in characterizing cultivares.Recife , UFRPE . 2010.
[4] Cury , R. Evolutionary dynamics and germplasm characterization of cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz ) in indigenous agriculture in the southern state of São Paulo . 1993. 103p . Master ( MSc) - School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz , Piracicaba .
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ABSTRACT:Several adaptation strategies to climate change are being practiced by farmers but empirical information on the influence of such practices on crop output is not tested. This study examined farmer's response to climate change problems and the possible effect on crop output. The study area was Akinyele local government from which 100 farmers were randomly selected from 16 villages. Data were collected through oral interviews using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive and econometric tools. The results show that the decrease in output noticed by farmers was attributed to the changing conditions in the weather, the nature of the soil and soil conservation techniques.

[1]. Akpodiogaga.P and Odjugo.O (2010)General Overview of Climate Change Impacts In Nigeria InNigeria J Hum Ecol, 29(1): 47-55
[2]. Ayanwuyi, E Kuponiyi, F.A Ogunlade, Oyetoro JO (2010) Farmers Perception of Impact of Climate Changeson Food Crop Production in Ogbomosho Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria in Global Journal of Human Social ScienceVol. 10 Issue 7 pg33

[3]. Easterling, W., P. Aggarwal, P. Batima, K. Brander, L. Erda, M. Howden, A. Kirilenko, J. Morton, J.-F. Soussana, S. Schmidhuber, and F. Tubiello, (2007) Food, fibre and forest products. In Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden, and C.E. Hanson, Eds. Cambridge University Press, 273-313.
[4]. Hermann R. W. (2009) Climate Risk and Farming Systems in Rural Cameroon. Institute of Development and Agricultural Economics University of Hannover, Germany pp. 21-24.
[5]. Kurukulasuriya, P.Mendelsohn, R. Hassan, R, Benhin, J. Deressa, …and Dinar, A. (2006) Will African agriculturesurvive climate change? World Bank Economic Review 20(3) 67-88.

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between body weight and linear body parameters in the Nigerian indigenous chickens, and to establish equations for predicting body weight of local chickens using linear body measurements. A total of forty female local chickens were used for the experiment. The birds were managed intensively for a month before measurements were taken from each bird. Body weight was measured using weighing balance.

[1] O.J. Alabi, J.W. Ng'ambi, D. Norris, and S.S.A. Egena, (2012) Comparative Study of Three Indigenous Chicken Breeds of South Africa: body Weight and Linear body measurements. Agricultural Journal 7(3): 220 – 225
[2] S. Attah, A.O. Okubanjo, A.B. Omojola, and A.O. Adesehinwa, (2004) Body and carcass linear measurements of goats slaughtered at different weights. Livestock Research for Rural Development 16(8)
[3] T.R. Fayeye, K.L. Ayrinde, V. Ojo and O.M. Adesina, (2006) frequency and influence of some major genes on body weight and body size parameters of Nigerian local chickens. Livestock Research for Rural Dev. 18(3)
[4] M. Goe, (2007) Use of heart girth to predict body weight of working oxen in the Ethiopian highlands. Livestock production science 69: 187 – 195
[5] R. Molenaar, I.A.M. Reijrink, R. Meijerhof and H. Van Den Brand (2008) Relationship between hatchling length and weight of later productive performance in broilers. World's poultry Sci. J. 64(4): 599 – 603

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out on some Iraqi soils in different regions of the country representating various physiographic units according to previous studies in soil survey and classification in order to classify them numerically using some physical, chemical, and mineral properties as variables in numerical classification. Sixteen sites were elected in the following areas:Mosul;Diyala;Baghdad;Babil;Wasit; and Najaf. Soil individuals were classified numerically using discriminant Analysis (Härdle and Simar, 2012) to check which variables that contribute statistically significant in predicting taxonomic levels that include each soil individual according to USDA system (Soil Survey Staff, 2010).

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ABSTRACT: The Seed is the primary investment for successful crop production that demands good germination to produce a vigorous seedling ensuring high yields. The chilli seed after extraction from pod is viable for shorter periods ranging from 8-10 months under ambient storage conditions. This hybrid chilli seed is the most critical input to the farmer and is available in the market after coating with polymer/fungicide. Weather parameters like temperature and relative humidity play a key role in maintaining the viability of chilli seed during open storage.

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ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to investigate the relationships of euglenophytes bloom to environmental factors in the fish ponds at Rajshahi, Bangladesh for twelve months from July 2010 to June 2011. Among the study ponds, three ponds with bloom were located at Raighati, Mohanpur Upazila (BP-R), another three ponds with bloom at Yusufpur, Charghat Upazila (BP-Y) and three non-bloom ponds (NBP) at Meherchandi, Motihar Thana. The environmental factors (water temperature, DO, pH, NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu), soil organic matter, and algal community and density were examined monthly by using standard methods.

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ABSTRACT: case of diffuse fibrino-purulent peritonitis associated with ventral abdominal hernia is reported in an adult non-descript doe. The affected animal was noticed to have developed a swelling on the left ventro-lateral aspect of the abdomen a day after parturition and inappentance two weeks later. Clinical examination revealed dyspnea, dullness and shivering. The rectal temperature was 37.2oC and respiratory rate 42 breathes per minute. There was a swelling on left ventral abdomen with a palpable ring at its base.

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ABSTRACT: The study was conducted on altogether 411 milch animals comprising of 172 indigenous and 239 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows maintained under farmer's managemental system in and around Gondar (Ethiopia). Collected data were analyzed according to Least Squares Analysis to study the magnitude as well as direction of variation in their days open (DO),

[1] CSA 2012/13. Agricultural sample survey. Report on livestock and livestock characteristics. The Federal Democratic republic of Ethiopia, Central Statistical Agency (CSA). Private Peasant Holdings. Statistical Bulletin 570, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, April, 2013.
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ABSTRACT: The study was conducted on 252 Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows maintained under farmer's managemental system in and around Mekelle (Ethiopia). A total of 72 small-scale dairy farm owners were randomly selected and interviewed with structured questionnaire to obtain information on the productive performance of crossbred cows. The results of the study showed that the mean of lactation length (LL) was 331.57±12.77 days, peak yield (PY) was 12.15±0.82 liters and the mean of lactation milk yield (LMY) was 2069.16±78.44 liters for crossbred cows. This study had also investigated constraints faced by the small-scale dairy farmers in Mekelle city.

[1] CSA. 2012/13. Agricultural sample survey. Report on livestock and livestock characteristics. The Federal Democratic republic of Ethiopia, Central Statistical Agency (CSA). Private Peasant Holdings. Statistical Bulletin 570, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, April, 2013.
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ABSTRACT: In general, every region in Indonesia seek to develop their optimum potential, one of which is tourism. One of the most potential tourism resources is based on natural resources, including rural and agricultural landscape. One of areas developing the tourism sector is Tanjungan village, in the district of Kemlagi, Mojokerto. Its main object is Tanjungan reservoirs, but there still many obstacles in the development of this area such as lack of travelers attraction to come although there are many other potentials which have not been developed and promoted well. In addition, there still lack of comprehensive understanding about some tourist attraction that can be productively developed. One of these are activities of agricultural and agriculture result cultivation as one of potential for the development of tourist attraction.

[1]. Calina, A. J. Calina. R. Lagaru and A. Croitoru. 2011. Research on the Potential and Impact of Agrotourism upon the economic and Social- Cultural development of rural areas in the South-West of Romania. Review Article. Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. Univ. of Craiova. Romania.
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ABSTRACT: Due to identification problem that exist between fishes of different species, hence the need to compare the morphometric and meristic character of lutjanidae, L. goreensis (valenciennes 1830) and L. agennes (Blecker 1863) from Lekki lagoon and Badagry creek of Lagos State Nigeria. The lutjanids L. goreensis and L. agennes is one of the fish species that contribute to the fisheries of Lagos Lagoon.

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ABSTRACT: Experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of African giant catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying levels of bread waste based diets. Three hundred (300) clarias gariepinus fingerlings with mean body weight of 5.2±0.1g were assigned to five diets (c.p = 42%) in which bread waste meal replaced maize at 0, 25, 50, 75, 100% respectively in a completely randomized design replicated 3 times. The trial fish were fed at 5% body weight daily for a period of 24 days. Data collected showed that body weight gain increased with increase bread waste meal in the diet (p<0.05). Similar observation was recorded for feed intake but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in feed conversion ratio among the treatments. All the fish fed the test ingredients performed better than the control group; hence, bread waste meal could be recommended as a dietary supplement in the diets of African giant catfish. Keywords: Bread waste meal, Clarias gariepinus, supplement, growth performance, diets.

[1]. Abdulatif. A, Salah. M , AL- Tulaihna, Hutail. A (2004). Nutritional Evaluation of dried Bakery ProductPakistan Journal of Nutrition 3(5) 294 - 299.
[2]. Ademiji .C.A. (2005). Performance and Carcass characteristics of broiler Chicken fed high fibre sunflower Seed cake diet. Nigeria Journal of Animal production.
[3]. Agbabiaka L.A (2010b): Evaluation of Some underutilized protein feedstuff In diets of clarias gariepinus finger-Lings. International Journal of Tropical Agric and Food system 4(1): 10 – 12.
[4]. Ani, A.O and A.V.Okorie (2005): The Effect of graded levels of dehulled and cooked castor oil bean meal on performance of broiler starters. Nigeria Journal of Animal production 32: 54 60
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ABSTRACT: In 2008 and 2009 cropping season, field experiments were conducted to determine the effects that the combined cow dung and NPK 20-10-10 had on both the nodule count and N-fixing ability of two varieties of cowpea (ITAS EARLY and IAR 1060). The treatments were: cow dung (0, 4, 8 t ha -1); NPK 20-10-10 fertilizer (0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1). Treatments were combined pair-wise to give nine treatments combinations. The experiments were laid-out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Each experimental plot measured 3 m x 4 m with an alley of 1 m between blocks and 0.5 m between plots.

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