IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-2014

Abstract: Indiscriminate sand mining can lead to the degradation of riverine environment. The study conducted in the Neyyar river basin shows that indiscriminate and illegal sand mining has created many problems in the environmental setting and water quality of the river basin. In the basinal area, it has created certain negative impacts on landuse, landscape and land stability. Apart from these impacts on physical environment of the river basin, it has also contributed many adverse impacts on the socio-economic well being of the area. Keywords - Environmental impacts, Neyyar River, River Sand mining, society.

[1] Naiman R J (1992) Watershed management.Springer,New York
[2] Naiman R J,Bilby RE (1998) River ecology and management in Pacific coastal ecoregion.In:Naiman RJ,Bilby RE(ed) River ecology and management: lessons from the Pacific coastal Ecoregion.Springer,New York,pp 1-22.
[3] Ittekkot V,Lanne RWPM(1991) Fate of riverine particulate organic matter.In:Degens ET,Kempe
[4] Macfarlane M,Mitchell P (2003) Scoping and assessment of the environmental and social impacts of river mining in Jamaica.Warwick Business School, University of Warwick.
[5] KitetuJ,RowanJ(1997)Integrated environmental assessment applied to river sand harvesting in Keniya.In:Patrick CK,Lee N(ed) sustainable development in a developing world-integrated economic appraisal and environmental assessment, Edward Elgar,Cheltenham (U.K.),pp 189-199.

Abstract: This paper deals with feminist view in Arundhati Roy's two works- The God of Small Things and The Algebra of Infinite Justice. Roy focuses how women are always subjugated at the hand of male dominated society. Since from the dawn of civilization women have been considering as a pupeet at the hand of patriarchal society.

[1]. Dass, Veena Noble, ed. Feminism and Literature, Prestige Books,1995
[2]. De Shobha, Socialite Evenings. New Delhi: Penguin, 1989, p.130.
[3]. Ghokle, Namita. Shakuntala: The Play of Memory, Delhi: Penguin Viking; 2005,p.48.
[4]. "In First Person‟, An Interview with Mita Kapur, The Hindu,5 March, 2006.
[5]. Jose, Claramma, Feminism- An Introduction, An Aesseril House Publication, Chennai, 2005.P.15
[6]. Millett, Kate. Sexual Politics, New York: Avon Books, 1970.

Abstract: Christian efforts at inculturation consisted in love and service and it was natural that the disciples of Jesus gave concrete expression to this love in the form of service to the poor and needy. In the Indian context this love and service goes beyond charity and welfare and take the form of commitment to the liberation of the poor, in the form of a preferential love for the victims of injustice. After the example of Jesus Christ whose proclamation of the reign of God implied the values of freedom, fellowship and equality, the Christian has to uphold human rights of all and affirm justice at all levels

[1] Anto Karokaran, "Evangelization and Diakonia," Bangalore: Dharmaram Publications, 1978:56-60.

[2] D'Souza, Patrick. "Church and Mission in Relation to the Kingdom of God Especially in the Third World Context," East Asian Pastarol Review, no. 17, 1980:14-37.

[3] Drego Pearl. "Women in the Church," Vidyajyoti, no. 8, September 1981: 382-388.

[4] Joseph Vetamkunnel, "Mission Stations: Centres of Conscientization," Vidyajyoti, no. 3, Delhi, March 1978: 102-114.

[5] Pinto, Ignatius Paul. "The Church at the Service of the Nation: The Role of the Bishops," Catholic Herald Special, Chennai : CBCI General Body Meeting, January 17-24, 2000: 29-46.

Abstract: Substance abuse and stress coping strategy has been widely examined, but still more is needed in the area. This paper aims at providing a propose framework that examined a direct relationship between substance abuse and stress coping strategy based on literature. The study will benefit stakeholders in Education, clinical psychologist, parent, students as well as government.

Keywords: Substance abuse, Stress coping strategy, students, Kano.

[1]. Abdu-Raheem, B.O. (2013). Sociological factors to Drug Abuse and the effects on Secondary School Students Academic Performance in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 6(2), 233-240.
[2]. Abianwu, H. (2005). Emerging serious psychopathology associated with abuse of cannabis, Indian hemp, marijuana. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(1): 329-330.
[3]. Ahmad, M. (2002).Substance Abuse among university Students. Journal of Basic and Applied psychology, 3, 54-59.
[4]. Aliyu, M.S. (2010). Analysis of Stress coping patterns of Children with Substance Abuse Behaviors in Kano Municipal Education Zone.An unpublished M.Ed Dissertation, Bayero University, Kano.
[5]. Brewer, C.L., & Lewis, A.C.R. (2011).Examining the Psychosocial functioning and characteristics of Incarcerated Girls with Substance Use Disorder.Child Adolescence social workJournal, 28, 175-187. DOI: 10.1007/s10560-011-0226-0.
[6]. Chikere, E.I.C., &Mayowa, M.O. 2011. Prevalence and perceived health effect of alcohol use among maleundergraduate students in Owerri, South-East Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study: BMC PublicHealth http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/118:1-6.

Abstract: Printed advertisement is the one presenting the verbal and visual message leading to the audience's response. Every advertisement has a certain market segment coverage corresponding to the assignment informed through the media intended to the audience. The presence of an advertisement is not only determined by the advertiser's creativity, but also affected by the existing rule. In the advertising studies related to ethical codes, the author limited to the Food and Drug Administration's rule, advertising etiquette and ethical code, and intellectual property right. Those three rules are frequently used in creating an advertisement media design.

[1]. Arsyad, Azhar. Learning Media. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada. 2007: 3
[2]. Bourdieu, Pierre. A Cultural Production Arena, A Cultural Sociological Study, Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana, 1993: 76.
[3]. Burton, Graeme. What hidden behind Media: An Introduction to A Media Study, Yogyakarta: Jalasutra, 2008: 2, 90.
[4]. Firmansyah, Muhamad. The Procedure of Administrating Intellectual Property Right, Jakarta: Visimedia, 2008: 7
[5]. http://www.scribd.com/Kode Etik Profesi
[6]. The Chairman of BPOM RI‟s Decree No. HK.00/05.1.2569, about the Criteria and Procedure of Food Product Assessment.
[7]. The Chairman of BPOM RI‟s Decree No. HK.00/05.1.2569/2004, about the Criteria and Procedure of Food Product Assessment.
[8]. The Republic of Indonesia Health Minister‟s Decree, No. 368/Men.Kes/SK/IV/1994, about the Advertising Guidelines for Free Medicine, Traditional Medicine, Medical Instrument, Cosmetics, House Medical Appliance, and Food-Beverage.

Abstract: This empirical research was designed to focus on the relationship between Socio-demographic variables and psychological empowerment among Fadama User Groups (FUGs) in Kankara Local Community, Katsina State Nigeria. The total of 285 respondents was selected through random sampling techniques. And the instrument use for data collection was structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and chi-square in cross-tabulation form to describe the respondent background through descriptive analysis. Meanwhile cross tabulation was to find out the relationship between Socio-demographic variables and psychological empowerment among Fadama members.

[1]. Abu, O. and Asember, D.J. (2011) Opportunities for smallholder Spinach farmers in Nigeria: a Profit efficiency analysis. Journal of Economics, 2(2): 75-79(2011)
[2]. Adesoji S.A., Farinde A.J., Ajayi O.A. (2006). An Assessment of the TrainingNeeds of Fadama Farmers for Future Agricultural Extension WorkDevelopment in Osun State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Scinces. 6(15): 3089-3095.
[3]. Afigbo, A.E. (2000) "Towards Understanding Community Development through Self-Help: The Nigerian Example." Policy and Contending issues in Nigerian National Development Strategy, John Jacob's Classic Publishers Ltd, Enugu.
[4]. Agbola, T. (1988). "The participation of the Rural Poor in Rural Development: A Theoretical Construct", NigeriaJournal of Economic and Social Studies. Vol. 30, No.5, pp. 167-177.
[5]. Ahmad Shukri Abdul Hamid (2008) Empowering the Marginalized: the role of social capital andCivil society. In Fuziah Shaffie and Rozita Yusoff.(eds) (2008). University UtaraMalaysia.
[6]. Annon, T.H. (2008) Rural poverty in Nigeria; Rural Poverty Portal Nigeria downloaded from http//www.globalaging.org/index. Retrieved date, jan27, 2009.

Abstract: The Diasporian subject's encounter with Africa, framed around the trope of return to Africa, constitutes a crucial part of the poetics and discourse of Negritude and Afrocentrism. However, until Heremakhonon's intervention the condition of possibility of this trope was hardly contested and refuted. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze this article examines the criticality of encounter in Heremakhonon. Encounter in Heremakhonon emphasises experiential contact as a strategy for a radical tropological deconstruction of the return to Africa. We contend that Veronica Mercier's existential struggle in Heremakhonon dramatizes a broader crisis of representation and historical consciousness.

Key words: Afrocentrism, Conde, Deleuze, Encounter, Existentialism, Eurocentrism, Heremakhonon,

[1] Arlette, Smith M. Maryse Conde's Heremakhonon: A Triangular Structure of Alienation, College Language Association Journal 321, 1988, 45-54. ---. The Semiotics of Exile in Maryse Conde's Fictional Works. Callaloo 14.2, 1991, 381-88.
[2] Behn, Aphra. Oroonoko: or, the Royal Slave (London: William Canning, 1688)
[3] Bishop, Elizabeth. "What I need to see life through rose-colored glasses is a good fuck": How a Performance of Ambivalent Sexuality Comes to Figure a Site of Metonymic Trangenerational Haunting in Maryse Conde‟s Heremakhonon in Thinking Gender Papers, UCLA Center for the Study of Women, UCLA 2010, http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rb3d9mf
[4] Chodorow, Nancy. The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender (Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1978).

Abstract: Every business entity strives to be cost efficient in spite of stiff competition. This is in order to remain profitably in business and possibly distinguish itself. The just-in-time (JIT) approach is x-rayed as it applies not only to manufacturing or production industries but also to the services industry. This is because it relates to processes involved before its final delivery. It's meanings as put forward by various individuals and bodies were expressed. The importance of JIT as it relates to improved service quality was highlighted and the challenges of its implementation by management were discussed. Some models were used to illustrate JIT in services. The paper rounds up with conclusions as to the need for total embrace of what JIT offers to businesses in the services industry. How to mitigate the challenges affecting the capability of Nigerian firms to apply JIT principles and strategies were also recommend.
Keywords: Just in time (JIT), processes, relevance, services industry, service quality.

[1]. F.S. Budnick, D. Mcleavey, R. Mojena, Principles of operations research for management (Irwin, Homewood, Illinois, 1988).
[2]. J. Heizer, B. Render ( Ed), Operations management, 7th ed. (New jersey: Pearson Education Inc, 2004).
[3]. Canel, D. Rosen, E. A. Anderson, Just-in-time is not just for manufacturing: a service perspective, Industrial Management + Data Systems, 100(2), 2000, 51-60
[4]. Duclos, L.K., Siha, S.M. and Lummus, R.R, JIT in services: a review of current practices and future directions for research, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 6(5 ), 1995, 36-52 in H.Wael, Just in time system in services, doctoral symposium, UK Brunel Business School, 2011
[5]. A.K Gupta, A conceptual JIT model of service quality, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3(3), 2011, 2214-2227.

Abstract: Communication plays a vital role in all that a living being does. The use of codes, symbols and technology is a blessing to human beings alone from the almighty. Over the years the generations of the nineteenth and the twentieth century have witnessed great advancements in the field of communication. The steady growth, which has annihilated distance and strengthened relations, proves that man has made a good use of the intelligence which differentiates him from other living beings who also can communicate. Wireless technology has put in the hands of all, a remote control, a mobile phone which are definite blessings. It is expected that the technology is not misused as human race progresses ahead.

Key words: Interaction, encode, decode, intelligible symbols, channel, transmission, milestones.

[1] Introduction to kinesics : Birdswhistel –Oxford University Press.
[2] Wireless Communication Technology : Stallings Wlliam,2005, Prentice Hall.

Abstract: The present paper focuses on the fallacious friendship in Shobhaa De's novel Snapshots. De is a writer of Indian English Literature which has a long tradition of women novelist who portrayed India of their time. Feminist like Kamala Markandaya, Namita Gokhale, Manju Kapur, Anita Desai, Arundhati Roy, and Shashi Deshpande has given their genuine aspirations focussing on the parochial Society. De writes what she sees in the society .She exposes the secrets of neurotic and amoral people of urban Society. Swati, the main protagonist due to lack of parental love and influenced by western culture possess self-centred and capricious nature misleads her life and deceives her five school friends for material gain and takes revenge of them.
Keywords: Feminist, reverence, fragile, tapping, humiliation, desperate, immoralness, deceitfulness, choir, mislead, decepted.

[1] De, Shobhaa.1995.Snapshots.NewDelhi: Penguin Books, p.84
[2] Ibid., p.302
[3] Ibid., p.139
[4] Ibid., p.253
[5] Ibid., p.256

Abstract: The research attempted to find the relevance of community development and corporate social responsibility in the work of indigenisation and empowerment programmes in Zimbabwe. The study was therefore carried out in two different Districts where mining companies operate. The study employed a qualitative method in collecting data. The study then find out that corporate social responsibility is influenced by the desire to make profits and not by the philanthropic need to assist communities in their economic, social and environmental development. The research noted the need for Government to introduce mechanisms that help mining companies to use some of their profits to improve local communities like community share ownership schemes in a transparent and accountable manner to ensure that all citizens benefit despite individuals' political and economic affiliations. This could happen through recruitment of locals with appropriate skills to avert the problems of unemployment, to motivate companies to procure some items which can be found locally as part of promoting community development as this would assist locals to improve on their lives. One of the mechanisms would be to adhere to the requirements of the indigenisation and Empowerment Act with some amendments to accommodate all stakeholders making it an all encompassing piece of legislation which does not discriminate on colour, political affiliation, race or place of origin.
Key words: Community, Development, Corporate, Social, Responsibility, Indigenisation, Zimbabwe.

[1] Bradshaw, T.K (2003) Complex community Development Projects: Collaboration, Comprehensive Progarmmes and Community Coalitions: In Complex Society and Community Development Journal 35(2) 133-145
[2] Christernson, J.A. and Robinson, J.W. (1989) : Community Development in Perspective, Iowa State University Press, Ames Iowa
[3] Denscombe, M. (2010)
[4] Flora, C.B. and Flora, J.L (1993) "Entrepreneurial Social Infrastructure: A necessary Ingredient‟. Annals of the American Academy Political and Social Sciences 539:48-58
[5] Gordon, W. and Frame, R.L (1995) : Real Hope in Chicago: The incredible story of how the Gospel is transforming a Chicago neighbourhood. Grand Rapids.

Abstract: Promoting organized retail in India was initiated by the Government of India in 2006 by opening up single brand retailing to FDI. The international players are allowed to enter into the Indian retail market through five entry routes Viz., franchising, joint venture, manufacturing, cash and carry wholesale trading and distribution. The value of the retail segment is expected to grow from an estimated INR 22.53 trn in 2012 to INR 27.73 trn by 2016.This paper seeks to discuss about the pros and Cons of "Wal-Mart effect" on the Indian economy by justifying the economic rationale for the need for FDI in retail sector. It also focuses on the externalities and the spillovers that would be experienced in the Indian market due to liberalization of FDI in retail sector and stresses upon certain preconditions that have to be recommended by the DIPP for the smooth functioning of the economy.
Keywords: Retailing, Externalities, FDI, Franchising, Comparative advantage,Bargaining power, Multi-brand.

[1]. Anu Antony (2009) ―The Transitional Shift Of Indian Market Space and FDI In Retail‖, GMJ, Vol. 3, 55-59.
[2]. Anand Dikshit (2011),‖ The Uneasy Compromise- Indian Retail‖, The Wall Street Journal.
[3]. Bhatt, K. S., Tripura, S. C. U. and Raj, K. D. (2004). ―Causal Nexus between Foreign Investment and Economic Growth in India‖, Indian Journal of Economics, 337, 171-185.
[4]. Kohpaiboon, A. (2006). ―Foreign Direct Investment and Technology Spillover: A Cross-Industry. Analysis of Thai Manufacturing‖, World Development, 34, 541-556.
[5]. Ritesh Kumar Singh and Prerna Sharma (28 Sep, 2012) ―Retail needs more than FDI‖, The Hindu. Business Line.

Abstract: The paper is a part of my research project on STUDY OF EGO VIRTUES AMONG TRIBAL AND NON –TRIBAL, MALE AND FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS", the objective was to prepare and compare sex wise and culture wise ego virtues profiles, The sample of the present study was of college going 100 males and 100 females of tribal region (Preferably Gond tribe) Their age range was from 18 yrs to 23 yrs they were, under graduate and post graduate students. Similarly 100 male sand 100 females of non -tribal region were chosen having the same age group and same educational qualification .Ego virtues Inventory developed by Dr R D Helode has been used. It is based upon the Erikson's personality theory reflecting psychosocial balance, consisted of 80 items, ten items for measuring each virtue, there are in all 8 virtues to be measured namely hope , will, purpose, competence, fidelity, care and wisdom, the split half ( odd-even) reliability of this inventory as well as sub scale wise is as under; for hope scale it is 0.57 , for purpose scale it is 0.59,for competence scale it is 0.79,for fidelity scale it is 0.66,for love scale it is 0.82,for care scale it is 0.89, for wisdom scale it is 0,88 and for the whole inventory it is 0.95.. Profiles are matching for tribal's and non tribal's on virtue, will and purpose, while they differ on hope, competence, fidelity, love, care and wisdom. Sex wise profile of boys and girls match on love and differ on hope, will. Purpose, competence, fidelity, care and wisdom, therefore counseling is needed for bringing different groups on parity.

[1]. Carol E Franz*, Kathleen M White (2006) Individuation and attachment in personality development: Extending Erikson's theory Journal of Personality Volume 53, Issue 2, pages 224–256.
[2]. Erik H Erikson (1993) Childhood and Society Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company; NY, London.
[3]. Eagle, M (1997), "Contributions of Erik Erikson", Psychoanalytic review 84 (3): 337–47. [4]. Engler , Barbara Houghton,(2006) Personality theories : An Introduction, Mifflin Company.
[5]. Erikson J. M. and Kivnick H., (1986) Vital Involvement in Old Age. . W. Norton & Company, NY, London.