IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-12 ~ Dec-2015

Abstract: The author aims to conceptualize proverbs on "Egungun‟ as pragmatic acts among Yoruba speakers. We believe that like all verbal expressions, proverbs represent a significant aspect of socio-cultural improvisation of any group of people. Crucially in this work are the ones constructed around "Egungun‟ in Yoruba culture. Every day in interpersonal conversations, proverbs are a regular feature in Nigeria. The contextual use of proverbs has become very popular among the Yorubas and those constructed on Egungun seem to inhabit a variety of spaces in the Yoruba socio-cultural experience. Egunguni.emasquerade, is one of the notable gods among the tribe whose main function is to entertain at important events. It is also regarded as a spirit among the Yoruba people.

[1]. Adebayo, Jeje. Yoruba fun Ile Eko Giga. Ibadan: Heinemann Books. (1979).
[2]. Adeyemi, A. Empowering African Languages: Rethinking the Strategies.The Journal of Pan African Studies. Vol. 3 No 3. (2008)
[3]. Ajayi, Lawal and Raji."A Pragmatic Study of Selected Pairs of Yoruba Proverbs".Journal of Pragmatics 27 (1997) 635 -652
[4]. Akinmade, C.A. The Decline of Proverbs as a Creature of Oral Expression: A Case Study of Proverb Usage among the Ondo in the South Western Part of Nigeria. AFRREV LALIGENS; An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies. Bahir Dar, Ethiopia 1 (2), 127-148 (2012).

Abstract: The history of British India during the last century spectacularly illustrates a close link between science and imperialism.Science has always been, not an esoteric but a social activity. The ideas of science are not the simple products of the logic of experimental methods, rather they stem from the Socio-economic background of previous times. For instance, whatever may be the biological significance of Darwinism; it nevertheless reflected laissez-faire in its full cry. The developments of eighteenth century integrated science firmly into productive mechanisms.

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Abstract: This paper looks into the influence of institutional changes in changing the influence of customary laws over land rights in Haryana, India. The issue of land rights here mainly focuses on the rights of women over agricultural land as an absolute owner. Despite changes in the succession acts, especially Hindu Succession Act, 1956 and Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 the state laws of Haryana remained impermeable to these changes. It was the state land laws and policies that continued to have an overarching impact on the land rights of women. This contradiction gave rise to two different societies being forcibly merged without any harmony for a sustainable growth.

[1]. Bayly, C.A. 1985. "State and Economy in India in Seven Hundred Years." The Economic History Review 38 (4): 583-596.
[2]. Chowdhry, Prem. 2011. Political Economy of Production and Reproduction: Caste, Custom and Community in Northern India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
[3]. Diwan, Paras. 2010. Muslim Law in Modern India. Faridabad: Allahabad Law Agency.
[4]. Diwan, Paras.2006.Customary Law of Punjab and Haryana. Chandigarh: Panjab University Publications.
[5]. Douie, J.M. 1985. Punjab Settlement Manual 1899. New Delhi: Daya Publishing House.
[6]. Dushka, Saiyid H. 1999."The Impact of Customary Law on Punjabi Muslim Women." International Journal of Punjab Studies 16 (1).

Abstract: Before a person can claim his right to inherit his deceased relative, he must show that he is related to him through one of the grounds of inheritance. Nevertheless, a situation may arise where by a relative is barred to claim his right to inherit even though, he might be duly falling under one of the grounds of inheritance.

[1]. S.O. Muhammad, The distribution of estate in Islam, N.p, Ilorin, 2001, Pp.7-10
[2]. Ibid, P.9
[3]. A. Hussain, The Islamic law of succession, Darussalam, Riyadh, 2005, P.251
[4]. Ibid, P.250
[5]. Ibid, P.252
[6]. S. Fauzan, Al-tahaqiqat al-Mardiyyah fi al-Mabahis al-Fardiyyah, Islamic University, Madinah, 1415 A.H. P.218
[7]. Ibid, P.219

Abstract: There are numerous number of programmes, taken by Central and State Government, individually or collaboratively to develop the level of wellbeing of backward population. Besides those pogrammes several Non Government Organizations are providing their best effort to upgrade those people. Scheduled Tribe populations are most backward. A huge percentage of ST populations are living below poverty line. They are getting developed by such programmes and projects. They are now relatively better than the past but in relation to their stander of living, most of the ST people have low quality of livelihood. Churchu block of Hazaribagh district has taken to understand the wellbeing level of tribal population. The percentage of Tribal population of this block is 24.12%. This article is based on four pillars which are demographic condition, educational standard, work participation and availability of assets to them.

Keywords: Literacy Gap, Work Participation Rate, wellbeing

[1]. Kuntala Lahiri-Duti, Caught Between Two Worlds: The Birhor Of Hazaribagh And Tribal Development In India (JASO 2812 (1997): 193-200)
[2]. Vikas Nath, Economy of The Santhal Tribals Of Bihar, A Review Of The Coping Mechanisms.
[3]. Dr. Debjani Roy, Socio-Economic Status Of Scheduled Tribes In Jharkhand (Indian Journal Of Spatial Science Vol - 3.0 No. 2 Winter Issue 2012 Pp26 – 34)

Abstract: Every youth in this world wants to become successful in his or her profession. Today's corporate world is the most competitive one. Adequate knowledge about techniques and field related skills are must, but they are not sufficient, if an individual wants to sustain in this era. Communication skills play a vital role in the life of professionals. The increasing pressures and professional challenges widen the role of engineers. Professional authorities in Multi National companies always expect that their employees should possess good communication skills along with technical competency. The success of the employees depends on the effectiveness with which they absorb and publicise information. This paper highlights the importance of communication skills in an individual's career and technical industry. Key Words: Corporate world, communication skills, technical competency

[1]. Thomas Hackin, and Leslie Olsen. Technical Writing and Professional Communication for non native speakers of English, Mcgraw- Hill
[2]. Professional Writing Seminar for Engineers, http://www.ecf.toronto.edu/%7Ewriting/ prowriting.http
[3]. Clyne, M. Inter-cultural communication at work. , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,1994.
[4]. Nicky, Stanton. Mastering Communication, Palgrave Master series

Abstract: Awareness of individuals in sustainability matters is one among the key factors which enable them to lead an ecologically responsible lifestyle. Although students are much exposed to the issues of sustainability formally and informally, their awareness regarding implementing the principles of sustainability in day to day life is a less explored area. The presentstudywas conducted to elicit the awareness on Sustainable Lifestyle Practices among Upper primary school students of Malappuram district of Kerala. The study confirmed a rising awareness on sustainable lifestyle practices among the students. If our student community succeeds in extending their awareness to purposeful green actions, surely it would make a big move towards creating sustainable communities.

(Keywords:Awareness,Sustainablelifestylepractices,Upperprimarystudents)

[1]. Michalos,A,C. (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-being Research. (Springer Netherlands, 2014).p. 6511-6513.
[2]. Rideout, The liberal arts and environmental awareness: Exploring endorsement of an environmental world view in college students.International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 9, 2014, 59-76.
[3]. Wong, K,W.The Environmental Awareness of University students in Beijing, China.Journal of contemporary China.12(36), 2003, 519 – 536.
[4]. Ozden, M. Environmental Awareness and Attitudes of Student Teachers: An empirical research.International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 17(1),2008, 40-55.

Abstract: Atrocities against women in India are, clearly, found in the age-old religious and cultural practices. In Vedic period women had equal standing in society with that of a man. But later, during medieval period their position has been deteriorated. However, in 19th century the status of Indian women started changing for better due to the efforts of many social reformers who worked hard to improve women's condition in the society. As a result of which the position of women in modern period is much better than before. But at the same time we cannot ignore the fact that women of today are still not free from their problems. They are the victims of many kinds. No doubt today various women related laws have been introduced in our country for women's advancement but of no avail. So it is high time to look in to this problem seriously and try to find out some permanent solution to this problem.

[1]. Farhat, J., Women in India. New Delhi: Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd., 11 (2004)
[2]. R.N. Sharma., Constitutional Protection to Women and Judicial Responses. In Shamsuddin, S.(Ed.), Women, Law And Social Change. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House. 279 (1991)
[3]. Mumtas, N.S., Women and Education. In Rameshwari, New Delhi: New Century Publications, 185 (2008)
[4]. Shalu, N., Domestic Violence in India: What One Should Know?, New Delhi: We The Peoples Trust, 6 (2008)
[5]. Savita, B., Women and Human Rights, New Delhi: Altar Publishing House, 44 (2010)

Abstract:The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the National Fadama Development Project on resources use, crop yield and farm incomes in Kebbi State. A hundred farmers (50 participants and 50 non-participants) were randomly selected from five local government areas of the State. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Production functions and farm budgeting. The study revealed that participants used more improved inputs especially, fertilizer, improved seeds, water pumps and pesticides than non-participants. The results obtained showed that tomato, onion and pepper production was profitable. Profit was however higher for participants. The regression analysis showed that land, labour, seed, fertilizer and irrigation hours were important in explaining the variation in output of tomato, onion and pepper under irrigation by the two categories of farmers. From the resource use efficiency stand point, substantial resource use disequilibria were found. Opportunity therefore, exist for raising profitability through resource re-allocation under existing irrigation systems.
Keywords: National Fadama Development Project, Resource use, Crop yield, Farm income.

[1]. AbduSalam Z., E. O. Edache and M.A.Mahmud(1997). Economic analysis of factors affecting small scale farming
a. in Zaria area of Kadauna State.In the proceedings of the 12th National Irrigation and Drainage Seminar
b. on Irrigation in Sustainable Agriculture, held at the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru,
c. Zaria,Nigeria. 14 -16 April, 1998. Pp222-226
[2]. AERLS (1995). Guide on dry season vegetable gardening. Extension guide No. 67. Agricultural Extension and
a. Research Liaison Services, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
[3]. Baba. K.M. (1989). Economics of resource use in irrigated agriculture; A case study of pump system in the western
a. zone of Bauchi State Agricultural Development Project. Unpublished MSc thesis, Department of
b. Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, ABU Zaria.
[4]. Baba. K.M. (1993). Irrigation development strategies in sub-Saharan Africa: A comparative study of traditional and
a. modern irrigation systems in Bauchi State of Nigeria. Agriculture Ecosystems and environment 45:47-
b. 58.

Abstract: Quality healthcare service assessment in the network hospitals takes into account of committed personnel involvement including doctors, nurses, hospital staff, and sanitary employees. This has been sidelined and less studied area in the past researches in the context of healthcare delivery for insured patients. This present study focuses on personnel service in the context of health insurance delivery and is assessed with a comparison of two network hospitals in Hyderabad City -each one from public and private sector. A hundred insured patients- represented equally from both network hospitals- are selected for the study with the application of convenience non-random sampling.

[1]. Devadasan. N, et al, ACCORD Community Health Insurance: Increasing Access to Hospital Care, Economic and Political Weekly, July 10th, 2004, 3189-3194.
[2]. Gumber. A. Hedging, The Health of The Poor: The Case for Community Financing in India, HNP Discussion Paper, September, 2001.
[3]. Selvaraj. S, Karan .A. K, Why Publicly-Financed Health Insurance Schemes Are Ineffective in Providing Financial Risk Protection, Economic and Political Weekly, 47 (11), March 17, 2012, 60-68.
[4]. Shukla .R, Shatrugna .V and Srivatsan .R, Aarogyasri Healthcare Model Advantage Private Sector, Economic Political Weekly, XLVI (49), December 3, 2011, 38-42.
[5]. Subrahmanyam. V. Quality of Care at Community Hospitals, Economic Political Weekly, 32 (37). Sep-13-19, 1997, 2320-2321.
[6]. Sunita Reddy and Mary I. Aarogyasri Scheme in Andhra Pradesh, India: Some Critical Reflections, Social Change, 43(2), 2013, 245-261..

Abstract: The present study aim to review literature on the previous study on the employability as the moderating role between job insecurity and commitment to change, With an advent of information and communication technology and globalization, there is a pressing need to develop a better understanding on employability as the moderating role on the relationship between job insecurity and commitment to change. It was discovered from the review of the literature that job insecurity was found to be in connection with commitment to change, and employees who are high in employability may have more chances for gaining control over their working life doing change. Previous studies on employability as the moderating role on the relationship between job insecurity and commitment are the data for this present study. The conclusion garnered from the literature showed that employability plays an effective role on the relationship between job insecurity and commitment to change.

Key word: employability, job, employee, organization

[1]. Armknecht PA, Early JF (1972) Quits in manufacturing: A study of their causes. Monthly Labor Review 95: 31–37.
[2]. Ashford SJ (1988) Individual strategies for coping with stress during organisational transitions. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 24: 19–36.
[3]. Ashford SJ, Lee C, and Bobko P (1989) Content, causes and consequences of job insecurity:A theory-based measure and substantive test. Academy of Management Journal 32: 803–829.
[4]. Barling J, Kelloway EK (1996) Job insecurity and health: The moderating role of workplace control. Stress Medicine 12: 253–259.
[5]. Baruch Y (2001) Employability: A substitute for loyalty. Human Resource Development International 4: 543–566.
[6]. Beer M, Nohria N (2000) Cracking the code of change. Harvard Business Review 78: 133–141.
[7]. Berntson E, Sverke M, and Marklund S (2006) Predicting perceived employability: Human capital or labour market opportunities. Economic and Industrial Democracy 27: 223–244.

Abstract: This paper investigates comparative study of 2011 and 2015 presidential elections in Nigeria with specific focus on the Fourth Republic, from the comparative analysis perspectives. Thus, the paper through the use of comparative theory unfolds the causes responsible for the opposition travail in the 2015 election in Nigeria. By the use of the comparative analysis we try to know what is common and find out the causes and consequences for the victory and the losses. This research also presents statistical data analysis of the both elections, for comparison.

[1]. Agarwal R.C (1976) Political Theory (principle of political science) S.Chand & Company PVT Ltd, RAM NAGAR, New Delhi.
[2]. Akinbade J.A (2012) Government Explained. Macak Books Ventures.2nd Edition, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
[3]. Anifowose, R. (2003) Theoretical Perspectives on Elections, In R. Anifowose and T. Babawale (eds), (2003), General Elections and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria, Nigeria: Friedrich Ebert.
[4]. Bagbose, J. Adele (2012). Electoral Violence and Nigeria 2011 General Elections. International review of social science and Humanities Vol 4, No 1, pp. 205-219.
[5]. Bogaards, Malhijs (2007) "Elections, Election Outcomes, and Democracy in South Africa." Democratization. Vol. 14. No1. Pp. 73 – 91.
[6]. Dye, R. T. (2001) Politics in America, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle Rivers.

Abstract: Customary Law of Larwul Ngabal still exist and become an integral part in the life of society, so that it becomes as living law, which is made in the community as the values of local wisdom of Kei community, even in reality exceed the legal role of the state in solving various both issues were legal, political, economic, social and cultural happening in the community.

Keywords: Customary law, larwul ngabal, Kei community.

[1]. Bahar S. (ed), Risalah Sidang Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI), Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI), Jakarta: Citra Lamtoro Agung Persada, 1995, p.144

[2]. B. Ter Har, "Adat Law di Indonesia", Jakarta: Bharata, 1962, p.5

[3]. Nam Rumkel, Eksistensi Hukum Adat Larwul Ngabal di Kepulauan Kei dalam Mendukung Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah yang Berbasis Pada Kearifan Lokal, Disertasi Doktor Ilmu Hukum, Universitas Hasanuddin, 2013, p.16

[4]. Ibid., p.16-17

[5]. Soerjono Soekanto dan Sri Mamudji, Penelitian Hukum Normatif, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2011, p.14

[6]. Peter Mahmud Marzuki, Penelitian Hukum, Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2010, p.96

[7]. Salim HS. dan Erlies Septiana Nurbani, Penerapan Teori Hukum Pada Penelitian Tesis Dan Disertasi, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2013, p.16

Abstract: The habit of oath has been exist far before the value of the doctrine of Islamist in Arab nation. Although Arab is known as idolatry (paganism) but they still typically uses the word of Allah in the oath. Each individual created by God is not same in accepting the truth. Qasam can be haram, makruh, sunnah or permissible. If it is a matter that must be done, then the law of oath is mandatory. Conversely, if swearing to things that are forbidden, then the law of oth is also sunnah and so on.

Keywords: Qasam; Religion; Al Qur'an, Interpretation

[1] Al-Qur'an al-Karîm

[2] Bukhâry, Al-, al-Jâmi' al-Shahîh, Kairo: Dâr al-Sa'b, 1987

[3] KUHP DAN KUHAP, Bandung: FOKUSINDO MANDIRI, 2010

[4] Munawwir, Ahmad Warson, Al-Munawwir Kamus Arab-Indonesia, Surabaya: Pustaka Progressif, 1997.

[5] Syaikh, Abdullah bin Muhammad Alu, terj. M. Abdul Ghoffar, Tafsir Ibnu Katsir, Jakarta: Pustaka Imam Asy-Syafi'i, 2009.

[6] Zuhaily, Wahbah al-, al-Fiqh al-Islâmiy wa Adillatuh, Suriah: Dâr al-Fikr, tth.

[7] Muchotob Hamzah. Studi Al-Qur'an Komprehensif. Yogyakarta: Gama Media. 2003. Hal:.