Abstract: The term 'civil servant' in India is generally used to denote members of the permanent bureaucracy1 inducted through an annual competitive all-India examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission. These are categorized into All-India Services, i.e. the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS) and Indian Forest Service (IFoS) wherein members are recruited by the Union and serve both the States (in respective cadres) and the Union; and the Central Services, i.e. that exclusively serve the Union government like the Indian Foreign....
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