iosr-JMCE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2014

Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to select the best technology for cutting Mild Steel E350 grade material by using Laser Cutting and Plasma Cutting machines; they are non contact and non conventional machining process. To study the effect of laser and plasma cutting process by choosing laser power, gas pressure and cutting speed as input parameters, surface roughness, taper kerfs and heat affected zone as output parameters. The experiment was designed according to Taguchi L27 orthogonal array with three different levels for each input parameter. For interpretation, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted and optimum parameter is selected on the basis of signal to noise ratio which confirms the experiment results

Key Words: Laser Cutting, Plasma Cutting, Mild Steel E350 material and Taguchi Method.

[1]. B. D. Prajapati, R. J. Patel, B. C. Khatri(2013),Parametric Investigation of Co2 Laser Cutting of Mild Steel and Hardox-400 Material.
[2]. N. Rajendran, M.B. Pate, The effect of laser beam velocity on cut quality and surface temperature, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
[3]. Salonitisa S. Vatousianos Experimental Investigation of the Plasma Arc Cutting Process [4]. Yilbas et al. (1997) Laser cutting of steel sheets: Influence of work piece thickness and beam waist position on kerf size and stria formation
[5]. L. Dahil comparision of advanced cutting techniques on hardox 500 steel material and the effect of structural properties of the material

Abstract: Cooling towers plays a consequential role in the removal of waste heat in power generation. They help to decimate thermal pollution of natural waters, but may also create other environmental problems, primarily drift and fogging. Also, the estimated CO2 emission from the world's thermal power industry is 10 billion tonnes yearly through the cooling towers. This results in an increase in the Earth's levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which enhances the Greenhouse effect and contributes in global warming which results in the meteorological consequences of large cooling tower effluents. Furthermore, this problem is rapidly becoming more critical as the electric power industry continues its rapid growth and ecological objections to once-through-cooling increase and these have been in conjunction with studies related to biological processes rather than atmospheric effects.

[1]. District heating :The role of district heating in energy supply.
[2]. Department of energy and climate change.
[3]. Author P.K.NAG,''Power plant engineering by''.
[4]. Author M.M.EI-WAKIL,''Power plant technology''.
[5]. F.A HUFF,R.C BEEBE,D.M.A.JONES,G.M.MORGEN.JR and R.G.SEMONIN,''Effects of cooling towers effluents on atmospheric conditions in northeastern Illinois''.

Abstract: Six Sigma (SS) is an emerging powerful management framework tool increasingly utilized for process, quality, inventory control etc. in diverse industrial and business sectors across the globe. It can also be utilized to analyze and provide best possible solution for a complicated task in the process. It facilitates in identifying the causes for defects and errors in manufacturing and business processes by utilizing various input tools like engineering, management, statistical, infrastructural, manpower,marketing and quality to name a few.Six Sigma basically aims to deliver breakthrough performance improvement from the existing levels to enhance performance in user-defined tasks of organisation.

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[2] Coronado R & Antony, J. Critical success factors for the implementation of six sigma projects in organization, TQM Mag 14 (2002) 92-99.

[3] Kumar P. Six Sigma in manufacturing. Prod J. 43 (2002) 196-2002.

[4] Park S H. Six Sigma for productivity improvement : Korean business corporations, prod J. 43 (2002) 173-183.

[5] Kapur k c & Feng Q. integrated optimization models and strategies for the improvement of the six sigma process, int J six sigma anc company 1 (2005) 210-228.

Abstract: The paper presents a case study to investigate the delay, causes and its implications on the management & development of a steel plant project. Delay and cost overruns are common in construction projects and are not an exception. The results of the study reveal the main causes of delay and cost overruns in the completion of the project. Effective project planning, controlling and monitoring is must to enhance project performance to minimize or avoid time and cost overruns in projects of similar nature.

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Abstract: The use of web openings to pass the utilities of structures through steel beams can help in minimizing buildings height and hence decreasing operational and maintenance costs. However, web openings can significantly reduce the shear and bending strength capacity of the steel beams. The last researches focused on the study of perforated beams with compact steel webs to exclude the effect of local buckling. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the effect of web openings on the capacity of beams having non-compact sections in order to determine the critical positions of web openings.

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Abstract: Available chlorine has been widely used for the sterilization and disinfection of the tap water supply. The development of a device is awaited which will enable the generation of available chlorine at high concentrations with high efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to propose optimum operation conditions for available chlorine production from the standpoint of high concentration. The experiment is conducted using a flow-type reactor with narrow and parallel electrode plates, even though it lacks a barrier membrane between the plates.

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Hypochlorous Water and 7.5% Povidone-iodine, Pediatric Dental Journal, 14(1), 2004, 1-3.
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Abstract: In this study, temperature distribution and heat flux through various fin surfaces have been investigated. Here only steady state heat transfer was discussed. The temperature distribution has been estimated by taking the assistance of finite element method. In order to do so, automatic meshing method has been used. The meshing process was done by using ANSYS meshing utility. Later these results were compared to find out the relatively more efficient fin profile. Finally, the success of this simulation based experiment was mainly dependent on the refinement of generated mesh as well as its quality. Both hexahedral and tetrahedral mesh element were utilized but considering the capability of the available device (processing unit), available time, complexity and accuracy, finally automatic method was chosen. For this experiment, flared and rectangular fin arrays were considered.

[1] Atipong Malatip, Niphon Wansophark, Pramote Dechaumphai, Finite Element Method for Analysis of Conjugate Heat Transfer between Solid and Unsteady Viscous Flow, Engineering Journal, Vol 13, Issue 2, pp. 43-58 doi:10.4186/ej.2009.13.2.43.
[2] Long Huang, Daniel Bacellar, Vikrant Aute, Reinhard Radermacher, Fin Performance Analysis for Microchannel Heat Exchangers Under Dry, Wet and Partial Wet Conditions, IRACC 2014.
[3] Abdullah H. Al Essa, Mohamad I. Al-Widyan, Enhancement of natural convection heat transfer from a fin by triangular perforation of bases parallel and toward its tip, Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Vol 29, Issue 8, pp. 1033-1044.
[4] Abdul majeed S. AL-Ghamdi, Theoretical Investigation of a Cascaded Fin Thermal Behavior Using MATLAB and Symbolic Math Toolbox. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 2 No. 2, February, 2012.
[5] Ting Luo, Ting Ma, Min Zeng, Qiuwang Wang, Stress Study on Different Designs of Ceramic High Temperature Heat Exchangers, Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol 29, 2012..

Abstract: Motivated with the functioning of pressure cylinders and their failures due to the presence of initial flaws, an arc shaped specimen with inner surface notch is used as the theme of the present fatigue crack growth study. Stress intensity factor (SIF) values obtained by the numerical simulation for the single edge notch bend (SENB) specimen show a good agreement with the results obtained by photo elastic technique and hence using the same numerical simulation based finite element analysis (FEA) technique, an influence of presence of notch on the fatigue life of aluminum specimen was investigated by the numerical simulation and compared with experimental results.

[1] J. Andrea Carpinteri, Roerto Brighenti, and Sabrina Vantadori, Notched double curvature shells with cracks under pulsating internal pressure, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 86, 2009, 443-453.
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[3] C.Q.Li and S.T.Yang , Stress Intensity Factor for high aspect ratio semi elliptical internal surface cracks in pipes, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and piping, 96-97, 2012, pg 13-23.
[4] Y. Kim, Y. J. Chao , M.J.Pechersky and M.J. Morgan, C-specimen fracture Toughness Testing ; Effect of side grooves and ƞ –factor, Journal of Pressure Vessels Technology ,126, ASME, August 2004, 293-299.
[5] Y.Tkach, F.M. Burdekin, A three dimensional analysis of fracture mechanics test pieces of different geometries- part I Stress state ahead of the crack tip, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 93-94, 2012, 42-40.

Abstract: In this study, the electro-thermal stress and strain of a thin, non-uniform functionally graded metal (FGM) line is analyzed under a direct current field. The material properties of the metal line are assumed to vary over the span following a linear functional relationship. The governing differential equations associated with the electro-thermal problems are derived in terms of variable electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, co-efficient of thermal expansion and the modulus of elasticity of the material. The solution of the coupled boundary-value problem is then obtained numerically by using finite-difference technique.

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