iosr-JMCE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2014

Abstract: Concrete is one of the most important components in the construction industry. Hence quality of concrete plays a vital role in structures. The quality of concrete has direct effect on the strength and durability of a structure. Many times on site concrete is made by labours which are neither skilled nor well known about importance of concrete. Also there is no proper storage of material on site which affects the quality of materials. Construction sites have limited equipment in their quality control laboratory. Hence proper material tests are not done on site. To make concrete strong and durable testing of all ingredients of concrete is necessary which are done daily or weekly in Ready Mix Concrete plants. Ready-mix concrete (RMC) is a ready-to-use material, with predetermined mixture of Cement, sand, aggregates and water. RMC is a type of concrete manufactured in a factory According as per specifications of the customer, at a centrally located batching Plant. It is then send or Delivered to a worksite, often in truck mixers capable of mixing the ingredients of the concrete.

[1]. B. B. Abhilash Reddy, "Study of Material and Mix Design Procedure For Ready Mix Concrete," Department of Civil Engineering, Gokaraju Rangraju College of Engineering and Technology, Hydrabad.
[2]. Ashish H. Makwana, Jayeshkumar Pitroda," An Approach for Ready Mix Concrete Selection for Construction Companies through Analytic Hierarchy Process," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)-Volume4, Issue7- July2014.
[3]. V. Shyam Prakash, "Ready Mix Concrete Using Manufactured Sand As Fine Aggregate," 32 Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structure, August 2007.
[4]. A. K. Jain, " Ready Mix Concrete Growth Prospects in India," 32 Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structure, August 2002.
[5]. H. P. Naiknavare, S.D. Deshpande, R.D. Padhye, "IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)," ISSN: 2278-1684, PP: 50-54.
[6]. Sadanand Govalikar, "Lecture on Ready Mix Concrete," at Ambuja Knowledge Centre, Andheri, Mumbai.
[7]. Indian Standard 456:2000, Code for Plain Cement Concrete and Reinforcement Cement Concrete.
[8]. Indian Standard 4926:2003, Code for Ready Mix Concrete.
[9]. Indian Standard 10262:2009, Code for Concrete Mix Design.

Abstract: Concrete braced and steel braced reinforced concrete frame is one of the structural systems used to resist earthquake loads in multistoried buildings. Many existing reinforced concrete buildings need retrofit to overcome deficiencies to resist seismic loads. The use of concrete and steel bracing systems for strengthening seismically inadequate reinforced concrete frames is a viable solution for enhancing earthquake resistance. Concrete and steel bracing is economical, easy to erect, occupies less space and has flexibility to design for meeting the required strength and stiffness.

[1] Dubey S.D. and Kute S. Y.(2013) "Experimental investigation on the ultimate strength of partially infilled and steel-braced reinforced concrete frames" International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering pp.5-15

[2] Parasiya A. S and Nimodiya P. (2013) "A review on comparative analysis of brace frame with conventional lateral load resisting frame in RC structure using software" International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies pp.88-93

[3] Kevadkar M.D. and Kodag P.B., (2013) "Lateral load analysis of R.C.C. building" International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) Vol.3, Issue.3, pp. 1428-1434.

[4] Massumi A. and Absalan M. (2013) "Interaction between bracing system and moment resisting frame in braced RC frames" Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering pp. 260 – 268

[5] Paul G. and Agarwal P. (2012) "Experimental verification of seismic evaluation of R C frame building designed as per previous is codes before and after retrofitting by using steel bracing" Asian journal of civil engineering (building and housing) vol. 13, pp.165-179.

Abstract: A systematic, sensitivity based design process to perform durability simulation of a crankcase for a six cylinder four stroke truck diesel engine with a peak firing pressure (PFP) of 180bar is presented. Traditionally, a trial and error method is used when a design fails to meet the strength and the design criteria, which often conflict. This old approach not only is time and cost consuming but also does not provide insight into structural behavior. This proposed process uses modern CFD, Multibody and FEA technologies such as design sensitivity analysis, coolant flow analysis, graphical user interface, etc. It handles multi-discipline design criteria simultaneously and provides design engineers insight into structural responses for durability, and stiffness concerns and a means for systematic design review for its strength and quality improvement.

[1]. Henry, J., Topolsky, J., and Abramczuk, M., 1992,"Crankshaft Durability Prediction – A New 3-D Approach," SAE Technical Paper No. 920087, Society of Automotive Engineers
[2]. Guagliano, M., Terranova, A., and Vergani, 1993 "Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Stress Concentration Factor in Diesel Engine Crankshafts," Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 115, pp. 47-52
[3]. Prakash, V., Aprameyan, K., and Shrinivasa, U., 1998, "An FEM Based Approach to Crankshaft Dynamics and Life Estimation," SAE Technical Paper No. 980565, Society of Automotive Engineers
[4]. Shenoy, P. S. and Fatemi, A., 2006, "Dynamic analysis of loads and stresses in connecting rods," IMechE, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol. 220, No. 5, pp. 615-624
[5]. Shenoy, P. S. and Fatemi, A., "Connecting Rod Optimization for Weight and Cost Reduction", SAE Paper No. 2005-01-0987, SAE 2005 Transactions: Journal of Materials and Manufacturing

Abstract: Ahlat is a district of Bitlis have booked a significant amount, known as the local name Ahlatstone ignimbrites in the past, in the region of Nemrut crater formed by the explosion of the spread of volcanic lava cooling of the region formed by the pyroclastic rocks. Since time immemorial, especially in Ahlat intensively used in Seljuk architecture ignimbrite (Ahlatstone) is now used by the people of the region continues. Wherein Ahlatstone natural independently macro and micro pores due to size, or premises with an insulating non-load bearing lightweight concrete and stone wall parts can be used . Because it provides sound and heat insulation, plaster and insulation for exterior applications also have to make.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Cednel/Medieval_Muslim_cemetery_of_Ahlat
[2] Şimşek, O., Erdal, M., (2010)," Investigation Of Some Mechanical And Physical Properties Of The Ahlat Stone (Ignimbrite). Gazi University Journal of Science, 17(4), 71-78.
[3] Bakış, A.,Işık, E.,Hattatoğlu, F., Akıllı F., "Use of the geological heritage qualified Ahlatstone in construction industry", III.International Symposium on Culture and Art of the Ahlat-Avrasya, September 2014, Bitlis, Turkey
[4] Koralay, T., Özkul, M., Kumsar, H., Çelik, S. B., & Pektaş, K. (2011). The effect of welding degree on geotechnical properties of an ignimbrite flow unit: the Bitlis castle case (eastern Turkey). Environmental Earth Sciences, 64(3), 869-881.
[5] Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE), "Doğal Puzolan (Tras) - Çimento ve Betonda Kullanılan - Tarifler, Gerekler ve Uygunluk Kriterleri" TS 25, Ankara, Türkiye 1-14, 1975.

Abstract: Micro holes play an important role in manufacture of Printed circuit boards, Fuel injectors, Watch parts and micro dies. Micro drilling is one of the most significant manufacturing processes for metal cutting. Recently Austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316) sheets very much used for automotive application due to their excellent properties of high toughness and corrosion resistant. The experiments are designed to L27 orthogonal array which contains spindle speed, feed rate and point angle are the input parameters and material removal rate is a response parameter of micro drilling process. The experiments are conducted in Mini drilling machine and micro holes are produced by 0.5 mm drill with help of micro drill jig. The optimum parameters of micro drilling process are predicted by using Taguchi design of experiment and analyzed by signal to noise ratio(S/N ratio) and analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

Keywords: Micro drilling, AISI 316 sheet, Drilling parameters, MRR, Taguchi DOE, S/N ratio, ANOVA.

[1]. W.S.Chen, K.F.Ehmann, Experimental investigation on the wear and performance of micro-drills, Proceedings ofthe1994InternationalMechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November6–11,1994,pp.145–157.
[2]. K.K.Gupta,Prof. TapanJain,ManishDeshmukh ,(2013)
[3]. "Optimization of Process Parameters in HighRPM Micro Drilling Machine"IJIET,Vol 2,pp-128-130.
[4]. Vimal, Sam, Latha, B., and Senthilkumar,V.S., 2009. Modelling and analysis of Thrust force and Torque in drilling GFRP composites by multifaceted drill using fuzzy logic, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp 66-70.
[5]. Yu Teng Liang et al ,Investigation into Micro Machining Cutting Parameters of PMMA Polymer Material Using Taguchi's Method, 2009, Key Engineering Materials, 419-420, 341.
[6]. P.F Zheng, L., Wang, C., Yang, L., Song, Y., Fu, .L, 2012,Characteristics of chip formation in the micro-drilling of multi material sheets, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 52:40-49.

Abstract: This paper reports on producing a stable diesel-water emulsion fuel to be used in a diesel engine under constant speed and different load conditions. The proper mixing technique and emulsifying agent were used to produce stable emulsions of 3%,5%and 7% water by volume in diesel. The stability of these emulsions ranges from 1 week to 4weeks.The effect of water-diesel concentration , on the performance of a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine in terms of engine speed , brake power output, specific fuel consumption , total fuel consumption , brake thermal efficiency , mechanical efficiency indicated thermal efficiency.

[1]. Jamil Ghojel, Damon Honnery, Khaled Al-Khaleefi. 2006. Performance, emission and heat release characteristics of direct injection diesel engine operating on diesel oil emulsion. Applied Thermal Engineering. 26: 2132-2141.
[2]. J.W. Park, K.Y. Huh, K.H. Park. 2000. Experimental study on the combustion characteristics of emulsified diesel in a rapid compression and expansion machine. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs. 214: 579-585.
[3]. M. Abu-Zaid. 2004. Performance of single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine using water fuel emulsions. Energy Conversion and Management. 45: 697-705.
[4]. O. Armas, R. Ballenseros, F.J. Martos, J.R. Agudelo. 2005. Characterization of light duty diesel engine pollutant emissions using water-emulsified fuel. Fuel. 84: 1011-1018.
[5]. J.W. Park, K.Y. Huh, J.H. Lee. 2001. Reduction of NOx, smoke and brake specific fuel consumption with optimal injection timing and emulsion ratio of wateremulsified diesel. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs. 215: 8393.
[6]. Bertrand D. Hsu. Combustion of water-in-diesel emulsion in an experiment medium speed diesel engine. SAE. 860300. pp. 2285-2295.

Abstract: The Iron and steel industries produce a huge quantity of Granulated blast furnace slag as a byproduct, which is a non–biodegradable waste material, from that only a small percentage of it is used by cement industries to manufacture cement. In the present investigation Granulated Blast Furnace Slag from local industries has been utilized to find its suitability as a fine aggregate in concrete making. Replacing all or some portion of natural sand with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. The experimental result showsthat the replacing of natural sand by 10%,20%, and 30%with Granulated Blast Furnace Slag causes negligible degradation in strength at 0.6 % and 0.7% of water cement ratio.

[1]. Chetan Khajuria, RafatSiddsique, 2014 Use Of Iron Slag As Partial Replacement Of Sand To Concrete, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2014.
[2]. M C Nataraja, P G Dileep Kumar, A S Manu and M C Sanjay Use Of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag As Fine Aggregate In Cement Mortar,Vol.2, No.2, May 2013.
[3]. M.S. Rao and U. Bhandare, Application of Blast Furnace Slag Sand in Cement Concrete–A Case Study, ISSN 2278-3652 Volume 5, Number 4 (2014), pp. 453-458.
[4]. IS: 12269-2013: Specification for 53-grade Ordinary Portland Cement, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[5]. IS: 4031-1988: Methods of physical tests for hydraulic cement, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
[6]. IS: 516-1959, Method of Tests for Strength of Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standard (Eleven reprint), New Delhi, 1985.

Abstract: This paper investigates the performance of a new type of cost-efficient damper for mitigating wind and earthquake induced vibrations in tall buildings. Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) is a type of Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) where the mass is replaced by a liquid (usually water). A TLD relies upon the motion of shallow liquid in a rigid tank for changing the dynamic characteristics of a structure and dissipating its vibration energy under harmonic excitation. The effectiveness of TLD is evaluated based on the response reduction of the structure which is a two-storied steel building frame. Various parameters that influence the performance of TLD are also studied.

Keywords - Earthquake Response, Sloshing, Tuned Liquid Dampers, TLD Parameters, Vibration Control

[1] Roshni. V. Kartha, Ritzy. R, "Tuned Liquid Damper to Control Earthquake Response in a Multi-Storied Building Frame" Vol. 5 - Issue 8 (August - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622.
[2] Y. Fujino, Li Min Sun, B. M. Pacheco and P. Chaiseri. (1992). "Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) For Suppressing Horizontal Motion of Structures." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 118, No. 10.
[3] S. Gardarsson, H. Yeh, and D. Reed. (2001). "Behavior of Sloped-Bottom Tuned Liquid Dampers." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 127, No. 3.
[4] C. Tovar & O. A. López. (2004). "Effect of the Position and Number of Dampers on the Seismic Response of Frame Structures." 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
[5] Y. M. Kim, K. You, J. Cho, and D. Hong. (2006). "The Vibration Performance Experiment of TLD and TLCD." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, vol.20, No.6, pp.795~805.
[6] M. J. Tait, N. Isyumov and A. A. El Damatty. (2007). "Effectiveness of a 2D TLD and Its Numerical Modeling." Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 133, No. 2.

Abstract: Dynamic programming is employed in this study to develop a model that helps entrepreneurs to populate pre-planned plant layout using discounted sequential machinery investment method. The approach enables the use of little initial capital to sequentially invest in the most important machinery/machineries and factory and office space(s) as well as to provide sufficient working capital required by the industry to keep the plant working optimally per period. In addition, it takes into consideration the time value of money that may arise from inflation on the economy during the sequential investment period using discounting method.

[1]. Piana, V. (2001): Investment, Economics Web Institute. Available from http://www.economicswebinstitute.org/glossary/invest.htm#determinants, (Accessed 15 July, 2014).
[2]. Aderoba, A. A. (1997): A Sequential Model for Concurrent Expansion in Machinery and Buildings Using Reinvested Earnings, The International Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp 223 – 230.
[3]. Onuba I. (13 August, 2015): inflation rate remains 9.2 %, The Punch
[4]. Li, W. (1999): Efficient and Flexible Algorithm for Plant Layout Generation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, West Virginia University, West Virginia, U. S. A.
[5]. Hargrave, A. and Ashwin, A. (2012): Investment Analysis Worksheet, Virtual Factory Production Department. Available from http://www.bized.co.uk/virtual/cb/factory/production/worksheets3.htm. (Accessed 7 January, 2013).
[6]. Ogedengbe, T. S., Adejuyigbe, S. B., Ismaila, S. O., Adewumi, B. A. and Ali, D. M. (2012): Computer Aided Plant Layout Development for an Aluminum Product Factory, The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp 358-371.
[7]. Udomsakdigool, A. and Bangsaranthip, S. (2010): Combining Ant Colony Optimization and Dynamic Programming for Solving a Dynamic Facility Layout Problem. International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp 379 – 383.

Abstract: Cutting tools is much selected as the tool life criterion because it decides the adverse accuracy of machining, its resoluteness and reliability. In this present work we are investigating the influence of cutting condition during turning of OHNS steel aided with Minimal cutting fluid application for its tool life. In this study we are going to investigate seven different parameters for the cutting temperature and tool wear using Taguchi and ANOVA. This paper also gives the optimized parameters using Minimal cutting fluid application for the betterment of tool performance and also checks the influence of cutting temperature on the tool wear.

Keywords - Tool Wear, Cutting Temperature, Minimal cutting fluid application, Taguchi and ANOVA, OHNS steel.

[1] Thakur, A. Mohanty S. Gangopadhyay K.P. Maity, Tool Wear and Chip Characteristics during Dry Turning of Inconel 825, Procedia Materials Science, Volume 5, 2014, pp 2169–2177.
[2] Adilson José de Oliveira, Anselmo Eduardo Diniz, Tool life and tool wear in the semi-finish milling of inclined surfaces, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209 (2009), pp.5448–5455.
[3] N. L.J. Quinn, Metal working fluids--at the cutting edge of health and safety, ASTM Standardisation News (1992), pp40-43.
[4] R A. Mahdavinejad and S Saeedy, Investigation of the influential parameters of machining of AISI 304 stainless steel, Sadhana, Vol. 36, Part 6, December 2011, pp. 963–970.
[5] Viktor P. Astakhov, The assessment of cutting tool wear, International Journal of Machine Tools &Manufacture 44 (2004), pp.637–647.

Abstract: This Case Study Examines the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) of CNC Table Type Boring and Milling Machine. I.e. (Juaristi) of a Heavy machinery manufacturing Industry. This OEE Tool is a route map to boost the effectiveness of manufacturing process and Equipment. (I.e. loading time, job setting, machining, machine utilization etc) Present situation and all time raises question for any company is how they can optimise the performance of their existing machines and equipment. The answer is OEE which extracts all the reason for delay of the job.

[1]. http://www.juaristi.com/en/menu,company-video/menu,history/
[2]. Taylor fits- Gibbon, C (1990) "Performance indicator ", BERA Dialogues (2), ISBN 978-1-85359-092-4
[3]. Overall Equipment Effectiveness: A powerful Production/Maintenance Tool for increased productivity/profits. TS192.H3632001, Page 25-42, 1-17.
[4]. Prokopenko, J, (1987), Productivity management, A practical Handbook, International Labour Office, ISBN: 92-2-105901-4.
[5]. Wauters, F –Mathot, J OEE White Paper (online) Zurych (Switzerland): ABB ltd, June 2002 (cit,2005-12-16) PDF Format available at : <URL: http://library.abb.com//overallequipment effectivenesspdf>
[6]. Anonymous, the complete guide to simple OEE, Website: http://www.exor-rd.com,
[7]. Anonymous, OEE Pocket Guide, Website: http://www.vorne.com.