iosr-JNHS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-4 ~ Jul. – Aug. 2021

Abstract: Patient satisfaction is an important healthcare outcome in today's cost conscious healthcare arena and is one of the most frequently reported outcome measures for quality of care and provision of healthcare services1. Giving birth is an important life experience for a woman. Health care personnel who are respectful, supportive, available, protective, encouraging, kind, patient, professional, calm, and comforting, help the mothers to remember their childbirth experiences in positive terms2. A study comparing women's short-term and long-term memories of their birth experience showed that women didn't forget their experiences about labour. They remember the events of birth and their feelings for at least 15-20 years3. A satisfied customer is the key.........

[1]. Goodman P, Mackey MC, Tavakoli AS. Factors related to childbirth satisfaction. J Adv Nurs 2004;46(2):212.
[2]. Littleton LY, Engebretson JC. Maternal, neonatal and women's health nursing. USA. Philadelphia: Delmar Publishing Inc.
[3]. Simkin P. The experience of maternity in a women's life. J Obstet Gynaecol Neonatal Nurs 2008 Mar/Apr;25(3):251-2.
[4]. Mclaughlin CP, Kaluzny AD. Continuous quality improvement in healthcare: theory, implementations and applications. 3rd ed. New York: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2006
[5]. Kapzawni. Mother's level of satisfaction with postnatal care. Nurs J India 2006 Jul; 97(7):153-5.

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic, which has affected a variety of medical treatments like patients with ESRD undergo ozone dialysis. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a medical condition in which a person's kidneys cease functioning on a permanent basis leading to the need for a regular course of long-term dialysis or a kidney transplant to maintain life. During pandemic, dialysis facilities need to continuously operate to cater to the constant need of patients who undergo dialysis treatment, three times a week. According to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, ozone is the most effective method to destroy microorganisms, and to prevent.....

Keywords: Covid 19, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), dialysis, ozone dialysis, personal protective equipment,

[1]. World Health Organization: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Available who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed August 13, 2020
[2]. Chronic kidney disease stage-5 (CKD-5) patients on dialysis [maintenance hemodialysis. (MHD)or continuous ambulatoryperitoneal dialysis (CAPD)] are
[3]. Susan Hedayati Effect of COVID-19 on Kidney Disease Incidence and Management Kidney 360 January 2021, 2 (1) 141-153; DOI: https://doi.org/10.34067/KID.0006362020
[4]. National kidney foundation
[5]. Susan Hedayat etal Effect of COVID-19 on Kidney Disease Incidence and Management 2020 by American Society of Nephrology

Abstract: Due to increasing rate of caesarean scar defect worldwide, incidence of Isthmocele is increasing day by day. It is a caesarean scar defect or uterine niche, can be defined as an indentation representing myometrial discontinuity. The method of diagnostic procedures for Isthmocele, states it's prevalence. Mainly incomplete closure of the uterine wall and low location of the scar during caesarean section are the risk factors. AUB, postmenstrual spotting, dysmenorrhoea are its main features. Abnormal placental localisation, uterine rupture, rarely ectopic pregnancy are the obstetrical complications of Isthmocele. TVUS, SHG, Hysteroscopy are the main diagnostic procedures for identification of Isthmocele. Hysteroscopic resection of the Isthmocele and Laparoscopic repair can be done for its management.

Keywords- Isthmocele, caesarean scar, indentation, niche, AUB, TVUS,SHG, Hysteroscopy, Laparoscopy

[1]. World Health Organization Human Reproduction Programme, 10 April 2015. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Reprod Health Matters. 2015;23(45):149-50.
[2]. T.Guglieri,K.Bueloni et al. Isthmocele: An overview of diagnosis & treatment. Available from URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31166450/ DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.5.714
[3]. Van der Voet LF, Veersema S, et al. Long-term complications of caesarean section. The niche in the scar: a prospective cohort study on niche prevalence and its relation to abnormal uterine bleeding. BJOG. 2014;121(2):236-44.
[4]. Tulandi T, Cohen A. Emerging manifestations of caesarean scar defect in reproductive-aged women. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2016;23(6):893-902.
[5]. Isthmocele: A growing concern. Available from URL: https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/isthmocele-a-growing-concern/1363557.

Abstract: The frontline healthcare workers face mental stress, physical exhaustion, separation from families, stigma, and the pain of losing relatives and colleagues as a result of Covid-19. Some of them have acquired Covid-19 and have eventually died. This study used a qualitative approach, in which the data was collected using an interview guide. Fifty participants were randomly selected from different medical health institutions across the country. The research study finds that in Zimbabwe, where the pandemic is escalating, there are major gaps in response capacity, especially in human resources and protective equipment. We examine these challenges and propose interventions to protect healthcare workers in the country. Even low-cost interventions such as facemasks for patients with a cough and.....

Keywords: Covid-19, Health Institutions, Frontline Healthcare Workers, Infection Control

[1]. Anderson, T.G., and Boois, D. (2021). Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Healthcare Workers. Beyond the Risk of Exposure. Postgad Med J. Vol. 97(1147).
[2]. Bambra, C. et al. (2020), "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Health Inequalities", Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol. 74(11) pp. 964-968.
[3]. Belingheri, M., et al. (2020). Beyond the assistance: additional exposure situations to COVID-19 for Healthcare Workers. J Hosp Infect.
[4]. CDC (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Summary. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/ cases-updates/summary.html: Published March 15, (accessed 15 August 2021).
[5]. Chen, W., and Huang, Y. (2020). To Protect Healthcare Workers Better, To Save More Lives. Anesth Analg..

Abstract: Medical Aid Societies (MAS) in Zimbabwe cover a tenth of the population, and about 80% of income to private medical healthcare providers in Zimbabwe comes from medical aid societies. They contribute more than 20% of the country's total health expenditure. The medical aid societies have encouraged growth of private hospital services in urban rather than rural areas, in order to lower administration costs and coverage is higher for the employed and wealthier groups, and lower in women, in rural areas and less wealthy people. Members of the societies were found to be relatively loyal, remaining with their first medical aid society and only migrating on change of employment. While managed care systems claim to make it easier and less costly to access medicines, this was not found in this......

Keywords: Shared Value, Medical Aid Societies, Medical Healthcare Service Providers, Patients, Subscribed Members

[1]. Anderson, C.D. (2011). Combining Data from Multiple Surveys to Enhance Estimation of Measures of Health. Statistics in Medicine (PubMed)
[2]. Chanakira, N. (2018). Medical Healthcare Insurance. Challenges and Solutions. Unpublished Article
[3]. Blewett, L. (2010). Overview of State Survey Development and Use; What States Need to Monitor Health Insurance Coverage. Presentation at the Workshop on Evaluating Databases for Use in Uninsured Estimates for Children. National Research Council, Washington DC. United States of America
[4]. Doetinchem, O., Carrin, G., and Evans, D. (2010). Thinking of Introducing Social Health Insurance. World Health Report. Background Paper 26.
[5]. Madzimure, T., and Maushe, P. (2020). Meeting the Need for State-level Health Insurance Estimates. Health Services Research.

Abstract: Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of social support on infertile women repeating in vitro fertilization on Uncertainty and Anxiety. Design: A Quasi-experimental. Setting: The study was conducted at Assistant Fertility Unit - Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Sample: (100) infertile women repeating in vitro fertilization. Data collection tools: Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet, Uncertainty scale for infertile women, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Personal Resources Questionnaire II, and the Relationship Change Scale. Result: More than half of the studied sample (56%) aged less than 36 years, (62%) of them had husbands with age equal to or more than 36 years old, most of them (90%) had high importance of having children, Post-intervention revealed a high significant improvement in decreasing anxiety and uncertainty. Conclusion: significant decrease in anxiety and uncertainty after positive social support. Recommendation: Developing a coping skills training intervention to encourage seeking positive support from family and partners is becoming mandatory in order to decrease anxiety and uncertainty of infertile women.

Keywords: In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), Infertility, Uncertainty, Anxiety, social support

[1]. Alicia Malina, Malgorzata Glogiewicz, and Jakub Piotrowski (2019): Supportive social interactions in infertility treatment decrease cortisol levels. Frontiers in psychology; volume 10, article 2779.
[2]. Alicja Malina and Julie Ann Pooley (2017): Psychological consequences of IVF fertilization – Review of research. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 24(4): 554–558.[3]. American Society for Reproductive Medicine (2016): Infertility: An overview. Accessed at: http://www.asrm.org /Booklet_Infertility _An_ Overview/
[4]. Casu Giulia, Zaia Victor, and Fernandes Martins (2019): a dyadic mediation study on social support, coping, and stress among couples starting fertility treatment. Journal of family psychology; 33(3): 315-326.
[5]. Enikő Lakatos (2017): Anxiety and depression among infertile women/BMC Women Health; 17: 48.
[6]. Frederiksen Y. (2017): The effect of expressive writing intervention for infertile couples: a randomized controlled trial; 32(2): 391-402.

Abstract: Background: Premarital counseling (PMC) is an important strategy for helping individuals to learn skills about better understanding of marriage, improving social relationship, resolving marital conflicts and then apply what is learned in everyday lives. Preparing university students for marriage is a key event that is needed for reducing the high divorce rates in the society. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of premarital counseling on faculty of nursing students at Helwan University. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct the current study. Setting: This study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing Helwan University. Subjects: A purposive sample of 120 students. The study tools were:1) Socio-demographic characteristics sheet, 2) Role Concepts Questionnaire........

Keywords: Counseling, Premarital counseling, University students.

[1]. Ahmed W., (2017): Knowledge and attitude of the first year student at Faculty of Medical and Applicable Sciences at Yanbu governorate about some aspects of reproductive health, Faculty of nursing , Alexandria University. Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal, Volume 13, No. 2 .
[2]. Ali I., Omar A., & Abd Elmageed S., (2019): Perception of Importance of Premarital Counseling among Medical Students of Tanta University, Egypt, The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine Volume 37, No. 2.
[3]. Ali M., ElshaboryN. , Elzeblawy H., Zahra N., & Alrefi H., (2018): Perception about Premarital Screening and Genetic Counseling Among Males And Females Nursing Students, Faculty of Nursing Suez Canal University , IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS), Volume 7, Issue 1, PP 51-57. Available at: www.iosrjournals.org
[4]. Al-Qahtani FS, Alfahad MI, Alshahrani AM, Almalih HS, Al-Malki AS, Alshehri TK, (2019): Perception of Premarital Counseling among King Khalid University Students. J Family Med Prim Care;8:2607-11. Available at: http://www.jfmpc.com
[5]. Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CAPMAS (2017): Annual Analytical Report for marriage and divorce statistics, Cairo, Egypt. Available at: https://www.Capmas.gov.eg

Abstract: Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) is a neuroprotective factor that allows persons to mitigate the impact of negative conditions such as dementias. Neurophysiological techniques such as electroencephalography facilitate the observation of the functional dynamics of cognitive processes. Recently, research models have been designed to study cognitive reserve using neurophysiological and neuroimaging methods to provide information about the physiological dynamics of cognitive reserve. Materials and Methods: The aim of this research was to study the relationship between cognitive reserve and absolute power (AP) of the electroencephalogram.....

Key Word: Cognitive Reserve, Electroencephalography, Aged, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Neurophysiology

[1]. Nithianantharajah, J., & Hannan, A. J. (2009). The neurobiology of brain and cognitive reserve: Mental and physical activity as modulators of brain disorders. Progress in Neurobiology, 89(4), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.10.001
[2]. Reed, B. R., Schneider, J. a, Bennett, D. a, & Mungas, D. (2011). Education in Building Reserve. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 17(4), 615–624. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000014.Cognitive
[3]. Stern, Y. (2002). What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(3), 448–460. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617702813248
[4]. Stern, Y. (2009). Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia, 47(10), 2015–2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004
[5]. Franzmeier, N., Caballero, M. Á. A., Taylor, A. N. W., Simon-Vermot, L., Buerger, K., Ertl-W ne , B., … Ewe s, M. (2 17). Resting-state global functional connectivity as a biomarker of cognitive reserve in mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 11(2), 368–382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-016-9599-1