iosr-JNHS   Volume-4 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2015

Abstract: Statistics from one Central Hospital Orthopedic Outpatients register for subjects recovering from fractured tibia and fibula show that 99% of the subjects present with difficulties in mobilizing due to biological influencing factors such as, malunion, sepsis, knee stiffness, ankle stiffness, muscle atrophy and shortening of the affected limp.

[1]. Abdellah, H. & Levine, S. (1986). Nursing Concepts. Philadelphia: Saunders
[2]. Ackerman,W.B. & Lohnes, R.P. (1981) Research Methods for Nurses. St. Louis: McGraw- Hill Book Company.
[3]. Andrews, M.M. & Boyle, J.S (2002). Transcultural concepts in nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
[4]. Armitage, S. (1991) Negotiating the discharge of Medical patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 385-389.
[5]. Atwal, A. (2002). Nurses perceptions of discharge planning in acute health care: a case study in one British Teaching Hospital. A Journal of Advance Nursing. 39 (5): 450-456.
[6]. Barnett, D.E., Knight, G., & Mabbott (1987). Patients problems and plans. Nursing Care of patients with medical disorder., London: Edward Arnold.

Abstract:The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of pregnancy among adolescent women at El Zawya Village, Assiut City, Egypt and to assess the perinatal knowledge of these adolescent pregnant women at the same village. A Cross Sectional study was used in carrying out this study. A Structured Interviewing questionnaire is designed by the investigator to be filled from each adolescent pregnant woman who visited Family Health Hospital, El Zawya Village, Assiut City.

[1]. Blum, R.W., Nelson-Mmari, K.( 2004): The health of young people in a global context. Journal of Adolescent Health 35, 402–418.
[2]. El Gelany, S. and Moussa, O. (2013): Reproductive health awareness among educated young women in Egypt. International Journal
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 120, 23-26.
[3]. WHO, (2008): Adolescent pregnancy MPS Notes, 1(1), Department of Making pregnancy safer.
[4]. Rasheed, S., Abdelmonem, A. and Amin, M. (2011): Adolescent pregnancy in upper Egypt. International Journal of Gynecology
and Obstetrics, 212, 21-24.
[5]. Adzitey, S., Adzitey,F. and Sunk, L.(2013): Teenage pregnancy in the Builsa District: A focus study in Fumbisi, Journal of li fe
science and Biomedicine, 3(3): 185-188.
[6]. Ghandra-Mouli, V., Camacho, A. and Michaud, P. (2013): WHO guidelines on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive
outcomes among adolescents in developing countries, Journal of Adolescent Health, 52: 517-522.

Abstract: Early or child marriage is a silent and yet widespread practice in Egypt. Early marriage has profound adverse physical, intellectual, psychological and emotional health consequences, cutting off educational opportunities and chances for personal growth. Moreover, early married girls are more likely to experience pregnancy related complications, delivery concerns as well as maternal mortality, in turn increases risk for neonatal death, premature or low-weight infants and poor health outcomes. This indicates a need to understand the various perceptions of causes and health consequences of early marriage that exist among Egyptian early married females.

[1]. Amin, Sajeda and Ashish Bajracharya. 2011. ―Costs of Marriage – Marriage Transactions in the Developing World,‖ Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief no. 37. New York: Population Council.
[2]. Amin, Sajeda. 2011. ―Empowering adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh: Kishori Abhijan,‖ Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief no. 13. New York: Population Council.
[3]. Bayisenge, J. (2010) Early Marriage as a Barrier to Girl's Education Rwanda: Department of Social Sciences: National University of Rwanda.
[4]. Center for Global Development (CGD). 2008. Girls Count: A Global Investment & Action Agenda. Washington, DC: CGD.
[5]. EDHS Egypt, Demographic and Health Survey 2014, Ministry of Health and Population Cairo, Egypt, the DHS Program, ICF International Rockville, Maryland, USA
[6]. El-Zanaty, 2015, in Egypt, Demographic and Health Survey 2014, Ministry of Health and Population Cairo, Egypt, The DHS Program, ICF International Rockville, Maryland, USA

Abstract: A study conducted to assess the effectiveness of cold application on Pain & Anxiety during Chest Tube Removal (CTR) among post operative cardiac surgery adult patients. Pre-test post-test control group experimental design was used. Post operative cardiac surgery adult patient of the selected hospital of Delhi were selected. The study sample was purposive sampling technique with random assignment of subjects into two groups: experimental group and control group.

[1] Biteman, K, The Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, MOntréal, Québec, Canada. Nursing in Critical Care. 11/2009; 18(6):307-18.
[2] Casey E, Bostanci K, Kuriakose D, McGeary S, Hayes N, Phelan D, Buggy D, The Effect of Cold Application in Combination with Standard Analgesic Administration on Pain and Anxiety during Chest Tube Removal: A Single-Blinded, Randomized, Double-Controlled Study. Pain Management Nursing Elsevier, Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2008, Pages 186–196
[3] Cline ME, Stacy A Friesner, Donna Miles Curry, Gail R Moddeman, Comparison of two pain-management strategies during chest tube removal: relaxation exercise with opioids and opioids alone. Heart and Lung The Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 01/2006; 35(4): 269-76.
[4] De Jesus P V, Kate S., Dawn C. Relaxation techniques for acute pain management: a systematic review. Dec 2009.Volume 27, Issue 3, pages 466–475
[5] Benthol, R L Bell, P Ovadia, F Abdullah, S Spector, R Rabinovici, Chest tube removal: end-inspiration or end-expiration. The Journal of trauma. 05/2011; 50(4): 674-7.

Abstract:Pain in elderly postoperative patients is not completely managed. Learning about the pain experience of the elderly patients will enable the nurses and other health team members to plan for multimodal holistic pain management to this population. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of pain and pain management among the elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries. Five elderly patients above the age of 60 years who were undergoing orthopedic surgeries were selected through convenience sampling and
interviewed after their third postoperative day to know their pain experience in the hospital. The information was tape recorded and transcribed into verbatims.

[1]. Aubrun, F., & Marmion, F. (2007). The elderly patient and postoperative pain treatment. Best Practice and Research. Clinial
Anaesthesiology, 21(1), 109-27.
[2]. Beauregard, L., Pomp, A., & Choiniere, M. (1998). Severity and impact of pain after day-surgery. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia,
45(4), 304-11.
[3]. Brown, S. T., Kirkpatrick, M. K., Swanson, M. S., & McKenzie, I. L. (2011). Pain experience of the elderly. Pain Management
Nursing, 12(4), 190-196.
[4]. Hallingbye, T., Martin, J., & Viscomi, C. (2011). Acute postoperative pain management in the older patient. Aging Health, 7(6),
813-828.

Abstract: Echinococcosis is recognized as being one of the world's major zoonosis. hydatid disease is endemic in Iraq where many domestic animals including sheep, cattle, goat and camel act as intermediate hosts. The distribution of hydatidosis is normally associated with underdeveloped countries, especially in rural communities. Biochemical study in hydatid cyst fluid of sheep , human and cattle has been made in Baghdad city .with respect to biochemical profile of hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus , the following substances in cystic fluid of hydatid cyst isolated from infected sheep , human and cattle , were measured namely : calcium , glucose ,cholesterol and triglycerides.

[1]. World health organization office international des epizooties WHO/OIE manual on echinococcosis in humans and animals: a public health problem of global concern .2001 .world organization for animal health . Paris , France . p:100-101 .
[2]. Al-Obeidy .N.H.M. A study on the rate of infection and some constructional characteristic of the fluid of hydatid cyst and protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in sheep and cattle . Msc thesis ,veterinary medicine , Mosul university 2005.
[3]. Thompson . R.C.A. and D.P. McManus .Towards a taxonomic revision of the genus Echinococcus . Tr. Parasitol, 2002.18 :452-457
[4]. Thompson . R.C.A. and D.P. McManus . Ecology : parasite and life-cycle . In : WHO/OIE manual on echinococcosis in human and animals : a public health problem of global concern . (Eckert , J. ; Gemmell , M.A. ;Meslin , F.X. and Pawlowski ,Z.S. ed) World organization for animal health , Paris , France .2001. 1-19 .
[5]. Al-fatalawei , M.A.A. Epidemiological and biological study of hydatidosis in Al-Qadisia governorate . Msc .thesis college of veterinary medicine , university of Baghdad , Iraq .2002.

Abstract: There are a variety of risks associated with working in a construction company that can pose dangerous health hazards to both the employer and the employees. Statistics on construction industry has shown increase in occupational hazards, illness and injuries in the world especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness of construction workers on occupational hazards, illness and injuries associated with construction industry in Mombasa County. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Purposive sampling method was used to select construction sites. The data was collected by questionnaires from 104 respondents giving a response rate of 100%. Majority of the respondents were male 85.6%. All (100%) the respondents in this study were very much aware of the existence of injuries and ailments associated with working in the construction sites.

[1]. Kirenga, A.P. (2004). African Newsletter on Occupational health and Safety. Occupational injuries and diseases. 20-30
[2]. World Health Organization. (2002). Safety and health report in construction sites, New York. Washington D.C.: Allyn& Bacon
[3]. Makhonge, P.W. (2005). African Newsletter on Occupational health and Safety.Good practices in occupational health and safety.18-24
[4]. OSHA, (2007). Occupational Safety and Health Act No 15 of 2007. An Act of parliament of the government of Kenya.
[5]. DOSHS, (2009). (Directorate of Occupational Safety and Health Service) – "Cleaner (industrial premises)", Kenya/International Hazard Datasheets on occupation, Retrieved 6 August 2011, from:
[6]. Mugenda, O.M. and Mugenda, A.G. (1999), Research Methods:Quantitative and Qualitative approaches.Nairobi, Kenya: Acts Press.

Abstract:Preterm labor is an increasingly common complex condition with multiple risk factors and has substantial medical, psychological, economic and social impacts. It is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the United States. Compared with term neonates, mortality rates for preterm (less than 37 weeks) and very preterm infants (less than 32 weeks) are 15-fold and 75-fold higher respectively. The aim of this study is to; determine the risk factors associated with preterm labor and compare pregnancy outcomes between women with preterm labor and those with term labor.

[1]. Abu Hamad, K.H., Abed, Y., and Abu Hamad, B. (2007): Risk factors associated with preterm birth in the Gaza strip hospitalbased
case- control study. Eastern Mediterranean Health J; 13(5):1132-1141.
[2]. Akinola, O.I., Fabamwo, A.O., Tayo, A.O., Bande, A., Rabiu, K.A., and Oshodi, A.Y. (2013): Manual removal of the placenta:
Evaluation of some risk factors and management outcome in a tertiary maternity unit. A case controlled study. Open Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology; 3:279-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2013.32052 published online March 2013
(http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojog/).
[3]. Ali, R.A.Z., El-din, S.A.N., and Heiba, M.F. (2014): Risk factors associated with preterm labor [Master Thesis], Port Said
University, Faculty of Nursing, p5-42.
[4]. Alijahan, R., Hazrati, S., Mirzarahimi, M., Pourfarzi, F., and Hadi, P.A. (2014): Prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm
birth in Ardabil, Iran. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine; 12(1): 47-56.

Abstract: The prime aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a novel intervention package which was constructed based on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, relaxation techniques and exposure technique, on rejection sensitivity among adolescents having borderline personality traits. The conceptual frame work adopted for the study was based on Sr.Callista Roy's adaptation model. Pre experimental-one group pretest post test design was selected. Thirty eight adolescent school students aged 16-19 years were purposively selected using Maclean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD). Modified Rejection sensitivity questionnaire (MRSQ) was used to assess rejection sensitivity in the selected sample before and after the Intervention package named Desensitization Package (DSP). DSP consists of 4 brief sessions administered over a period of four weeks; which includes Psycho education sessions,Mindful diaphragmatic breathing technique and introduction to Rejection therapy game.

[1]. Mohita N. Personality: meaning and determinants of personality. No date [cited on 2015may20] Available from: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/personality/personality-meaning-and-determinants-of-personality/24336/
[2]. Wikipedia. Acknowledging your sources [Personality psychology] No date [Cited 2015 May 6] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_psychology
[3]. The Encyclopedia of Children's Health. Acknowledging your sources [Personality development] Nodate [Cited2015April6]Availablefrom:http://www.healthofchildren.com/P/Personality-Development.html
[4]. Yolles M,Fink G.An introduction to mindset agency theory.SSRN electronic journal [Internet]. 2013 [Cited 2015 june 10] Available from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/237074847
[5]. Economic times. Acknowledging your sources [India has world's largest youth population: UN report] Nov 18, 2014[cited 2014 December 26] Available from: http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/20141118/news/56221890_1_demographic-dividend-youth-population-osotimehin

Abstract:quasi experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two teaching methods on knowledge of Tuberculosis. The study comprised two groups of population from different villages, which were randomly selected by the reserchers for intervention. Total samples were 64 (n=33 exposed to PTP and n=31 exposed to PTP with role play), who were selected by convenient sampling technique. Pretest was taken for both groups with the help of structured knowledge questionnaire on tuberculosis and after seven days post assessment was done. Result shows that gain in knowledge of PTP group was 3.2 and in PTP with role play group was 7. Thus it can be concluded that in both groups knowledge has been improved but gain in knowledge was more in PTP with role play group. Mean difference of gained knowledge was 3.83 which was significant at p<0.05 level. Thus PTP with role play was more effective than the PTP, to improve the knowledge of village people regarding tuberculosis.
Keywords: Planned Teaching programme, Role Play, Tuberculosis

[1]. Neeraja KP, textbook of nursing, I edition, Jaypee Brothers medical publishers.
[2]. Poorman, P.B. (2002), biography and role playing: fostering empathy in abnormal psychology, teaching of psychology
[3]. K. Ghana Latha, pulmonary tuberculosis and its management, the nursing journal if india, March-April 2013, vol. CIV no2
[4]. Akbar Hassanzadeh, Arezu Vasile and Zahra Zare, two educational method of lecturing and role playing on knowledge regarding
emergency scene, Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research.
[5]. Sobha H.J, child to child approach through role play on prevention of worm infestation, journal of microbiology and biology
education, (jmde.asm.org/index.php/jmbe/article/view/211/html-64)