IOSR-JAP   Volume-7 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2015

ABSTRACT: The wind and temperature data collected from the Radiosonde over Hyderabad (17.20N, 78.20E) for the years 2010 and 2011 have been consolidated. The results in the form of monthly mean values provide reliable reference wind profiles and temperatures profiles for tropospheric and stratospheric heights up to 40km. The zonal and meridional Wind profiles as well as temperature profiles are calculated and presented in graphical forms. A change in wind direction and velocity has been noticed in zonal wind. Investigation in the dynamics of the lower atmosphere would be helpful in better planning for Aerodynamic Technology.

Keywords: Meridional Wind, Radiosonde, Stratosphere,Temperature Troposphere, Zonal Wind.

[1]. Gokhale G S, Menmon M G K & Redhkar R T,J Atmos Sci (USA),22(1965)116.
[2]. Kumar S & Nagpal O P,Sci Rep, ISRO-IMAP-SR-18-84,1984.
[3]. Ghokhale G S, Menon M G K & Redkar R T, Indian journal meteorology geophysics, 18 (1967)5.
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ABSTRACT: An investigation has been made to study free convective flow past a moving vertical isothermal plate in fluid medium with mass transfer and homogeneous first order chemical reaction. The dimensionless differential equations governing the flow have been solved using the Laplace transform technique. The flow phenomenon has been characterized with the help of flow parameters such as velocity, temperature and concentration profiles for different parameters like thermal Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gm), Prandtl number (Pr), Schmidt number(Sc), Chemical reaction parameter (R).The result obtained for vertical velocity, temperature and concentration are presented graphically for different values of physical parameters. It is observed that the Chemical reaction have significant effect on the flow pattern.

Keywords: Chemical reaction, Free Convection, Moving vertical isothermal plate.

[1]. Abramowitz B. M. and Stegum I. A. : Handbook of Mathematical Functional function, Dover Publications, NewYork, (1965).
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ABSTRACT: In the present study it has been reviewed how Accelerator Mass Spectrometry is better than mass spectrometry for the determination of radiocarbon 14C. Ion source design criteria for AMS has also been discussed as an edge over Mass spectrometry. Data acquisition technique has also been precisely discussed.

Keywords: Acceleration Mass Spectrometry, Ion source, Data Acquisition Technique etc.

[1]. L.R. Kilius, W.E. Kieser, A.E. Litherland, X.L. Zhao, J.C. Rucklidge, R.P. Beukens; Ion source design criteria for AMS, Nucl. Instr. And Meth. B 123 (1997) 5-9.
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ABSTRACT: Development of lasers revived the interest in alkali halides as materials for optical components. This led to the development of alkali halide-polycystalline materials for use as optical windows. But their uses are limited by their mechanical properties and stability in some cases. Hence there exists the need to strengthen these and improve their stability. In this work, mixed crystals of NaBr and KBr were grown by slow evaporation method. Densities and refractive indices of all the grown crystals were determined and also used for the estimation of the bulk composition in crystal lattice parameters. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss were measured by conventional two probe set up. AC conductivity and activation energy were also determined. The detailed results are reported in this paper.

[1]. D. S. Sirdeshmukh, K. Srinivas, Physical Properties of mixed crystals of alkali halides, J. Mater. Sci 21(1986) 4117-4130
[2]. Haribabu, V. Subbarao, Growth and characterization of alkali halide mixed crystals, Prog. Crystal Growth Charact. 8(1984) 189-260
[3]. Sathaiah G, Ph.D Thesis; Dielectric studies on some materials, Kakathia University Warangal 1983
[4]. Geetha Krishna P: Subhadhra K; Kumarasamy I: Sirdeshmukh D.B, Debye Waller factor and Debye temperature ofalkali halide crystals,Praman I, Phys. (1999)
[5]. Kimura Y: Sailo Y: Nakala T: Kailo C; Spontaneous mixing of binary alkali halide crystals by successive evaporation, Physica E (2002)13, 11-23
[6]. Shahi K; Wagner J.B., Phys Status Solidi (1971) 6,233

ABSTRACT: Nanoparticles NiFe2-xTbxO4 (x=0, 0.03, 0.0.06, 0.09, 0.12) was prepared by solgel combution method. The samples were characterized with VSM and Electrical measurements. Complex impedance was studied. Magnetic studies by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) shows that magnetization (Ms) decreases with increase in Tb3+ concentration. Coercivity (Hc) increases for increasing x values.

Keywords: Rare earth ions, Resistivity, Impedence,VSM, Magnetization,Coercivity.

[1]. Kim Y I, Kim D, Lee C S 2003 Synthesis and characterization of CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles prepared by temperature-controlled coprecipitation method Physica. B. 337 42
[2]. Kim C S, Yi Y S, Park K T, Namgung H, Lee J G 1999 Chemically prepared magneticnanoparticles J. Appl. Phys. 85 5223–5225.
[3]. Peng J, Hojamberdiev M, Xu Y, Cao B, Wang J, Wu H 2011 Hydrothermal synthesis and magnetic properties of gadolinium doped CoFe2O4 nanoparticles J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 323 133-138.
[4]. Pillai V, Shah D O 1996 Synthesis of high-coercivity cobalt ferrite particles using water-in-oilmicroemulsions J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 163 243–248.
[5]. Cai W, Wan J Q 2007 Facile synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles in liquidpolyols J. Colloid. Interface. Sci, 305 366–370.

ABSTRACT: Brain tumors are one of the major causes of death among people. The chances of survival can be increased if the tumor is detected correctly at its early stage. In this paper feed forward neural networks and Hierarchical Self Organization Feature Map, (HSOFM) algorithm were utilized to detect, isolate and extract the tumor region in brain MR images with and without contrast agent. Intensity in one trail; intensity and standard deviation in second trail and intensity and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix, (GLCM) features in the third one were implemented as input features to the feed forward neural network to classify the tumor class adequately. As well as, adaptive HSOFM which is an unsupervised neural network was utilized to cluster brain MR images in order to extract the tumor region depending on the images histogram in one experiment and based on the Fuzzy C-Mean clusters centers in another one. The results showed that the performance of HSOFM was promising compared with the supervised neural networks.

Keywords: Neural Networks, MRI, Brain Tumor, GLCM and HSOFM.

[1]. Toga W. A., Thompson P. M., Mega M. S., Narr K. L. and Blanton R. E., "Probabilistic Approaches for AtlasingNormal and Disease-specific Brain Variability", Anatomy and Embryology, Vol.204, No.4, PP. 267–282, 2001.
[2]. Khotanlou H., "3D Brain Tumors and Internal Brain Structures Segmentation in MR Images", Ph. D. thesis in signal and images, ENST, TELECOM Paris Tech, 2008.
[3]. Amir EhsanLashkari, "A Neural Network-Based Method for Brain Abnormality Detection in MR Images Using Zernike Moments and Geometric Moments", International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 4, No.7, PP.1-8, 2010.
[4]. Vannier M.W., Butterfield R. L., Jordan D., Murphy W. A., Levitt R. G. andGado M., "Multispectral Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Images", Radiology, Vol. 154, PP. 221–224, 1985.
[5]. Vannier M., Pilgram T., Speidel C., Neumann L., Rickman D. and Schertz L., "Validation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Multispectral Tissue Classification", Comp. Med. Imag. Graph.,Vol. 15, PP.217–228, 1991.

ABSTRACT: The MR brain image analysis is used to extract clinical information that improve diagnosis and treatment of disease. Brain tumors are one of the most common brain diseases. Clustering is a process for segmenting and classifying objects. There are many clustering strategies such as the hard clustering scheme and the fuzzy clustering scheme, each of them has its own special characteristics. In this work Fuzzy C-Mean clustering was implemented to segment three abnormal brain MR images, and the performance of it was analyised. This algorithms was applied to cluster the images into different clusters number: 5-9 with different values of membership grade: 0.50-0.90 with steps of 0,05 for each cluster number.

[1]. Selvanayaki K. and Karnan M.,"CAD System for Automatic Detection of Brain Tumor through Magnetic Resonance Image-A Review",International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2, PP. 5890-5901, 2010.
[2]. Toga W. A., Thompson P. M., Mega M. S., Narr K. L. and Blanton R. E., "Probabilistic Approaches for AtlasingNormal and Disease-specific Brain Variability", Anatomy and Embryology, Vol.204, No.4, PP. 267–282, 2001.
[3]. Khotanlou H., "3D Brain Tumors and Internal Brain Structures Segmentation in MR Images", Ph. D. thesis in signal and images, ENST, TELECOM Paris Tech, 2008.
[4]. Michael Brady FRS FREng, "Clinical applications of MRI", Department of Engineering Scienc, Oxford University, Michaelmas, 2004.
[5]. Tolias Y. A. and Pans S. M., "Image Segmentation by a Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Using Adaptive Spatially Constrained Membership Function", IEEE Trans. Systems, Man, Cybernet., Vol. 28, PP. 359-369, 1998.

ABSTRACT:The thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio ƒ, epithermal neutron flux shape factor α, thermal neutron flux th  , and epithermal neutron flux epi  in the irradiation channels of the Malaysian Nuclear Agency research reactor were re-determined after a core reconfiguration to guarantee accuracy in applications the of k0-neutron activation analysis (k0-NAA) method. The ƒ and α parameters were determined using bare biisotopic monitor and bare triple-monitor methods, respectively, and Au and Zr monitors were used in 30 rotary rack (RR) irradiation channels.

[1] De Corte, F., Speecke, A., Hoste, J., 1969. Reactor neutron activation analysis by a triple comparator method. Journal of Radioanal.
Nucl. Chem. 3, 205.
[2] De Corte, F., Simonits, A., DeWispelaere, A., Hoste, J., 1987. Accuracy and applicability of the k0-standardization method. Journal
of Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 113, 145.
[3] De Corte, F., Simonits, A., Bellemans, F., Freitas, M.C., Jovanovic, S., Smodis, B., Erdtmann, G., Petri, H., De Wispelaere, A.,
1993. Recent advances in the k0-standardization of neutron activation analysis: Extensions, applications, prospects. Journal of
Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 169, 125.
[4] Simonits, A., De Corte, F., De Wispelaere, A., Hoste, J., 1987. Nuclear data measurements for zirconium isotopes used for
activation analysis and neutron metrology. Journal of Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 113, 187.

ABSTRACT: We present an analysis of 16 clusters of galaxies, focusing on the comptonization structure of the intracluster medium. The main goal is to provide accurate maps of the S-Z effect in order to select those clusters whom offer the possibility of creating images when observed with multipixel systems. We used data from X-ray observations to simulate the S-Z effect. For at least 4 rich and extended clusters the maps show that we can form a moderate image. For the other clusters only the central bin is observable and distinguishable from the primary anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB).
Keywords: Cluster of Galaxies, X-ray, Comptonization, Cooling Flow, S-Z effect

[1] R. A. Sunyaev and Y. B. Zeldovich. Distortions of the Background Radiation Spectrum. Nature , 223:721–722, August 1969. doi: 10.1038/223721a0. [2] R. A. Sunyaev and Y. B. Zeldovich. The Observations of Relic Radiation as a Test of the Nature of X-Ray Radiation from the Clusters of Galaxies. Comments on Astrophysics and Space Physics, 4:173, November 1972. [3] J. E. Carlstrom, M. Joy, and L. Grego. Interferometric Imaging of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect at 30 GHz. ApJL, 456:L75, January 1996. doi: 10.1086/309866. [4] L. Grego, J. Carlstrom, M. Joy, and W. Holzapfel. The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich Effect Imaged in Galaxy Clusters. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, volume 28 of Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, page 115.05, December 1996. [5] M. F. Struble and H. J. Rood. A Compilation of Redshifts and Velocity Dispersions for ACO Clusters. ApJS, 125: 35–71, November 1999. doi: 10.1086/313274. [6] J. T. Stocke, S. L. Morris, I. M. Gioia, T. Maccacaro, R. Schild, A. Wolter, T. A. Fleming, and J. P. Henry. The Einstein Observatory Extended Medium-Sensitivity Survey. II - The optical identifications. ApJS, 76:813–874, July 1991. doi: 10.1086/191582.

ABSTRACT: Antifungal activities were detected in crude extracts of Euphorbia kamerunica plant using different organic solvents and water. Radial growth was used to measure the activity. Growths were observed only at concentrations of 2.5 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml and not at 10 – 100 mg/ml. Ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of Microsporum audouinii for the entire period of the experiment (9 days) even at 2.5mg/ml. There were decreases in radial growths with increases in concentration of extracts hexane, aqueous and methanol extracts on Aspergillus niger. Ethanol extract inhibited the growth of Microsporum canis var.distortum until day 7 at 2.5 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml with radial growth being 14.0±0.0g. Fungi used included Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis var. distortum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. nodulare.
Keywords: Antifungal activity, crude extract, dermatophytes, Euphorbia kamerunica, organic solvents

[1]. H. Garcia-Barriga, H. 1974. (Cited by H. M Burkill, 1994), Flora medicinal de Colombia. botanica medica, 2nd ed. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Talleres editorials de la Imprenta Nacional, Santa Fe de Bogota, D.C. p. 562.
[2]. Burkill, H.M, 1994. Euphorbia lathyris. Plantas y Frutas Medicinales de Colombia y America. Editorial Climent, Cali-Colombia, p. 245.
[3]. Bernal, H.Y. and Correa, J.E. 1990. (Cited by Burkill, H.M. 1994). Especies Vegetables Promisorias de los Paises del Convenio Andres Bello. Tomo VII, Talleres de Editora Guadalupe Ltda, Bogota D.E. p. 480.
[4]. Pineros, J., Garcia-Barriga, H., Irequi, A., Prias, E., Perdomo, C. and Pueta, H.F. 1992 (Cited by Burkill, H.M, 1994). Plantas Medicinales, Compendio de Farmacologia Vegetal. 2nd ed. Escuela de Medicina Juan N. Corpa, Fondo Editorial Universitario, Santa Fe de Bogota.

ABSTRACT: Using Awad's Model, thermal conductivity of KCl and NaCl in the temperature range between (1-100)K. Specialized present study to the formulas Dubey and Awad of three phonon scattering relaxation rate for the calculation the thermal conductivity lattice.Good agreement with theexperimental data achieved by using the adjustable parameter.

Keywords: Thermal conductivity, Three phonon scattering, KCl , NaCl.

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