iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2025

Abstract: Traumatic hip dislocation in children is a rare but serious orthopedic emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and management to prevent long-term complications. It is commonly caused by high-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from significant heights. The unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of a child’s hip joint influence the mechanism of injury, treatment approach, and prognosis.Here we discuss a case of traumatic hip dislocation in a 3 year old female..

Key words: Traumatic Hip dislocation, Pediatric orthopaedics

[1]. Albergo JI, Gaston CL, Aponte-Tinao LA, et al. (2017). Pediatric Traumatic Hip Dislocation: Review of Management and Outcomes. J Pediatr Orthop, 37(6), 412-418.
[2]. Bressan S, Steiner IP, Shavit I. (2019). Pediatric Traumatic Hip Dislocation: An Overview of Current Treatment Strategies. Eur J Emerg Med, 26(4), 235-240.
[3]. Eberhardt O, Fernandez FF, Wirth T. (2020). Pediatric Traumatic Hip Dislocation: Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Management. J Child Orthop, 14(1), 1-10.
[4]. Herrera-Soto JA, Price CT. (2018). Traumatic Hip Dislocation in Children: A Systematic Review. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 476(8), 1715-1723.
[5]. Herring JA. (2021). Tachdjian’s Pediatric Orthopaedics (6th ed.). Elsevier

Abstract: The merger between Jio (Reliance Jio) and Hotstar (Disney+ Hotstar) is a game-changer for India's telecom and digital entertainment industry. This isn't just a business deal—it's a smart move to control more of the market, attract more users, and make more money...

Keywords: Jio-Hotstar merger, OTT platforms, telecom industry, digital ads, streaming wars, market competition, regulations, business strategy

[1]. Reliance Jio Annual Reports (2023)
[2]. Disney+ Hotstar User Data (2023)
[3]. Statista – India OTT Market Growth
[4]. Competition Commission of India (Merger Guidelines)
[5]. Business Today – "How Jio Changed Indian Internet"

Abstract: Background: AI has witnessed significant growth in recent years, with advancements including AI technologies like Gemini, Meta AI, and ChatGPT. While these AI chatbots offer interactive communication, their impact and effectiveness in orthodontic patient education remain largely unexplored.
Aim and Objective....

Keywords: AI Chatbots, Orthodontic education, Gemini, Meta AI, ChatGPT

[1]. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Larson B, Sarver DM. Contemporary Orthodontics. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2018.
[2]. Al-Omiri MK, Abu Alhaija ES. Factors affecting patient satisfaction after orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2006 May;76(3):422-31. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(2006)076[0422:FAPSAO]2.0.CO;2.
[3]. Sayers MS, Newton JT. Patients' expectations of orthodontic treatment: part 2--findings from a questionnaire survey. J Orthod. 2007 Mar;34(1):25-35. doi: 10.1179/146531207225021888.
[4]. Cheong Joo Ming, Norul Madihah M. Ashaari, Razan Hayani Mohamad Yusoff, Siti Marponga Tolos. Effectiveness Of Verbal, Verbal-Written and Video Instructions on Gingival Health of Patients with Fixed Appliances. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2022;9(4):5282-5287. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-220001058
[5]. Pandey R, Kamble R, Kanani H. Revolutionizing Smiles: Advancing Orthodontics Through Digital Innovation. Cureus. 2024 Jul 8;16(7):e64086. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64086.

Abstract: Background: Lumbosacral Radiculopathy is a syndrome complex caused by compression or irritation of nerve roots in the lower back. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are electrodiagnostic tests which are noninvasive, objective, and reproducible tool to assess the functional integrity of the nerve root. It can assess both the sensory and motor nerve function....

Keywords: Lumbosacral radiculopathy, Motor Nerve conduction study, Sensory Nerve conduction study, conduction velocity, H – reflex

[1]. Alexander CE. Lumbosacral radiculopathy [Internet]. U.S. National Library of Medicine; 2023 [cited 2024 Feb 1]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430837/
[2]. Ramani PK, Lui F, Arya K. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan– [updated 2025 Feb 10; cited 2025 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK611987/
[3]. Ahammed Naseem VH, Usman A, Fasna KA, Mahroosa C, Geethu Das BK, Jija Jose M, Harikrishnan R. Normal upper limb sensory nerve conduction parameters in Northern Kerala population. Int J Acad Med Pharm. 2024;6(2):260-263.
[4]. Berry JA, Elia C, Saini HS, Miulli DE. A Review of Lumbar Radiculopathy, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Cureus. 2019 Oct 17;11(10)
[5]. Tsao BE. The electrodiagnosis of cervical and lumbosacral radiculopathy. Neurol Clin. 2007;25(2):473–94

Abstract: A healthy diet plays a central and irreplaceable role in preserving human health and preventing a wide range of chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, some types of cancer, and osteoporosis. These diseases have become major public health challenges worldwide due to their increasing prevalence, high mortality rates, and the significant economic burden they impose on healthcare systems. Numerous scientific studies have shown that unhealthy dietary habits — such as excessive consumption of processed foods, refined sugars, saturated fats, and sodium — are among the primary risk factors contributing to the....

[1]. https://www.who.int/ar/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/healthy-diet
[2]. https://www.moh.gov.sa/HealthAwareness/EducationalContent/Food-and-Nutrition/Pages/001.aspx
[3]. https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/diabetes-symptoms
[4]. https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
[5]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension

Abstract: Introduction: Gastric cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and distal partial gastrectomy is a standard surgical treatment for localized disease. Postoperative recovery, including the return of gastrointestinal function and nutritional status, plays a crucial role in patient outcomes and length of hospital stay. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility and safety of EOF following distal partial gastrectomy for gastric malignancy. Methods: This comparative observational study was conducted from January 2024 to December 2024....

Keywords: Distal Partial Gastrectomy, Gastric Malignancy, Oral Feeding

[1]. Lin JL, Lin JX, Lin GT, Huang CM, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Wang JB, Lu J, Chen QY, Li P. Global incidence and mortality trends of gastric cancer and predicted mortality of gastric cancer by 2035. BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 2;24(1):1763.
[2]. Chidozie BC, Ramos AL, Ferreira JV, Ferreira LP. Residual agroforestry biomass supply chain simulation insights and directions: A systematic literature review. Sustainability. 2023 Jun 23;15(13):9992.
[3]. Walker RC, Underwood T, Primrose J, Tapper W. Dataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis" The tumour microenvironment in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma".
[4]. Santoro R, Ettorre GM, Santoro E. Subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2014 Oct 14;20(38):13667.
[5]. Sun C, Guo C, Bai X, Sun Y, Zhao D, Chen Y, Zhou H. The Management for the Complications Associated with Gastrectomy. InInterpretation of Gastric Cancer Cases 2024 Feb 14 (pp. 115-139). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore

Abstract: Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are common and clinically significant after emergency abdominal surgery, where limited preoperative preparation and high physiological stress heighten respiratory risk. Incidence varies widely worldwide, and evidence from resource-limited settings such as Bangladesh remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence of PPCs following emergency abdominal surgery and to identify the most frequent types of these complications in this patient population. Methods: Patients who presented with acute abdomen attending the Department of Surgery as well as Casualty, DMCH, within the time period of May, 2014 to November, 2014, and subsequently undergone different abdominal surgical interventions...

Keywords: Postoperative pulmonary complications; Emergency abdominal surgery; Respiratory morbidity; Surgical outcomes

[1]. Weiser TG, Regenbogen SE, Thompson KD, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, Berry WR, Gawande AA. An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet. 2008;372:139–144.
[2]. Ghaferi AA, Birkmeyer JD, Dimick JB. Variation in hospital mortality associated with inpatient surgery. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1368–1375.
[3]. Shander A, Fleisher LA, Barie PS, Bigatello LM, Sladen RN, Watson CB. Clinical and economic burden of postoperative pulmonary complications. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:2163–2172.
[4]. Smetana GW, Lawrence VA, Cornell JE. Preoperative pulmonary risk stratification for noncardiothoracic surgery. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:581–595.
[5]. Miskovic A, Lumb AB. Postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Anaesth. 2017;118:317–334.

Abstract: Introduction: Anemia is a common yet often underrecognized health problem among older adults, particularly in hospitalized populations where chronic illnesses and nutritional deficiencies are highly prevalent. Its presence in geriatric patients is associated with functional decline. This study aims to assess the prevalence and morphological patterns of anemia among hospitalized geriatric patients in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This....

Keywords: Anemia, Geriatric Patients, Normocyte

[1]. Braat S, Fielding KL, Han J, Jackson VE, Zaloumis S, Xu JX, Moir-Meyer G, Blaauwendraad SM, Jaddoe VW, Gaillard R, Parkin PC. Haemoglobin thresholds to define anaemia from age 6 months to 65 years: estimates from international data sources. The Lancet Haematology. 2024 Apr 1;11(4):e253-64.
[2]. Stauder R, Thein SL. Anemia in the elderly: clinical implications and new therapeutic concepts. Haematologica. 2014 Jul;99(7):1127.
[3]. Tettamanti M, Lucca U, Gandini F, Recchia A, Mosconi P, Apolone G, Nobili A, Tallone MV, Detoma P, Giacomin A, Clerico M. Prevalence, incidence and types of mild anemia in the elderly: the “Health and Anemia” population-based study. Haematologica. 2010 Jun 9;95(11):1849.
[4]. Melku M, Asefa W, Mohamednur A, Getachew T, Bazezew B, Workineh M, Enawgaw B, Biadgo B, Getaneh Z, Damtie D, Terefe B. Magnitude of Anemia in Geriatric Population Visiting Outpatient Department at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Implication for Community‐Based Screening. Current gerontology and geriatrics research. 2018;2018(1):9869343.
[5]. Migone De Amicis M, Poggiali E, Motta I, Minonzio F, Fabio G, Hu C, Cappellini MD. Anemia in elderly hospitalized patients: prevalence and clinical impact. Internal and Emergency Medicine. 2015 Aug;10(5):581-6

Abstract: Introduction: Gastric cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and distal partial gastrectomy is a standard surgical treatment for localized disease. Postoperative recovery, including the return of gastrointestinal function and nutritional status, plays a crucial role in patient outcomes and length of hospital stay.....

Keywords: Distal Partial Gastrectomy, Gastric Malignancy, Oral Feeding

[1]. Lin JL, Lin JX, Lin GT, Huang CM, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Wang JB, Lu J, Chen QY, Li P. Global incidence and mortality trends of gastric cancer and predicted mortality of gastric cancer by 2035. BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 2;24(1):1763.
[2]. Chidozie BC, Ramos AL, Ferreira JV, Ferreira LP. Residual agroforestry biomass supply chain simulation insights and directions: A systematic literature review. Sustainability. 2023 Jun 23;15(13):9992.
[3]. Walker RC, Underwood T, Primrose J, Tapper W. Dataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis" The tumour microenvironment in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma".
[4]. Santoro R, Ettorre GM, Santoro E. Subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2014 Oct 14;20(38):13667.
[5]. Sun C, Guo C, Bai X, Sun Y, Zhao D, Chen Y, Zhou H. The Management for the Complications Associated with Gastrectomy. InInterpretation of Gastric Cancer Cases 2024 Feb 14 (pp. 115-139). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.

Abstract: Background: The relationship between dyslipidaemia—including both traditional and non-traditional lipid markers—and early renal dysfunction remains underexplored in South Asian community settings. This study evaluated the associations between apolipoproteins, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and traditional lipid parameters with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in a rural Bangladeshi population.
Methods: A....

Keywords: Dyslipidaemia; Apolipoproteins; Lipoprotein(A); Albuminuria; eGFR

[1]. Xie K, Cao H, Ling S, Zhong J, Chen H, Chen P, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 5 [cited 2025 Nov 22];16:1526482. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11919670/
[2]. Mallamaci F, Tripepi G. Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: Between Old and New Concepts. J Clin Med. 2024 Jan 24;13(3):678.
[3]. Yin T, Chen Y, Tang L, Yuan H, Zeng X, Fu P. Relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and chronic kidney disease: a bibliometric analysis of top-cited publications from 2011 to 2020. BMC Nephrology [Internet]. 2022 Mar 25 [cited 2025 Nov 22];23(1):120. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-022-02745-3
[4]. Lin J, Reilly MP, Terembula K, Wilson FP. Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Levels Are Associated with Mild Renal Impairment in Type 2 Diabetics Independent of Albuminuria. PLOS ONE [Internet]. 2014 Dec 9 [cited 2025 Nov 19];9(12):e114397. Available from: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0114397
[5]. Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 June 9;7(1):182

Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases cardiovascular risk and may affect the clinical, biochemical, echocardiographic, and angiographic profiles of individuals with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). This study sought to examine NSTEMI patients with and without MetS in order to assess risk patterns and illness severity. Methods: A hospital....

Keywords: Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, metabolic syndrome, echocardiography, angiographic severity, risk factors

[1]. Timmis A, Kazakiewicz D, Townsend N, Huculeci R, Aboyans V, Vardas P. Global epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes. Nat Rev Cardiol [Internet]. 2023 Nov [cited 2025 Sep 20];20(11):778–88. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-023-00884-0
[2]. Ralapanawa U, Kumarasiri PVR, Jayawickreme KP, Kumarihamy P, Wijeratne Y, Ekanayake M, et al. Epidemiology and risk factors of patients with types of acute coronary syndrome presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders [Internet]. 2019 Oct 21 [cited 2025 Sep 20];19(1):229. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-019-1217-x
[3]. Galappatthy P, Bataduwaarachchi VR, Ranasinghe P, Galappatthy GKS, Wijayabandara M, Warapitiya DS, et al. Management, characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Sri Lanka. Heart. 2018 Sep;104(17):1424–31.
[4]. Xavier D, Pais P, Devereaux PJ, Xie C, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, et al. Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data. The Lancet [Internet]. 2008 Apr 26 [cited 2025 Sep 25];371(9622):1435–42. Available from: https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(08)60623-6/abstract
[5]. Khoo CM, Liew CF, Chew SK, Tai ES. The Impact of Central Obesity as a Prerequisite for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2025 Sep 20];15(1):262–9. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1038/oby.2007.559

Abstract: Hydatidiform Mole with a live fetus is rare with a natural incidence of one in 20,000 to 1,00,000 pregnancies (Jones and lauersen 1975, McDonald and ruffolo 1983). IVF has emerged as a boon for infertile couple.  The occurrence of molar pregnancy along with a precious IVF conception is one of the challenge leading to a multitude of questions regarding the etiology. Clinical dilemma to decide regarding continuation of pregnancy or termination could be addressed by prenatal karyotyping of the co-existing fetus and presence and absence of maternal complications or expectant management.

[1]. Neha Sethi, Ann Gee Tan, Maherah Kamarudin, Safiah Sulaiman. Sucessful delivery of a twin pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus: a case report and review of literatureClin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021 vol 48(5),1232-1247
[2]. Ketki S kulkarni, Minal P Dhanvij, Anchla Goel. Complicated triplet gestation Reduced to Twins with partial Hydatidiform Mole and a Coexisting Live Fetus : A Case Report Managed in a Tertiary Care Center. International Jurnal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine Vol. 10 Issue 3, 2019
[3]. Haruka Hamanoue, Nobuko Umezu, Mika Okuda, naoki Harada, Takako Ohata, Haruya Sakai, Takeshi Mizuguchi, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Tsuneo Takahashi, Kiyonori Miura, Fumiki Hirahara, Naomichi Matsumoto. Complete hydatidifrom mole and normal live birth following intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The Japan Socity of Human Genetics and Springer-verlag 2006
[4]. Francisco Montes-de-Oca-Valero, Lena Macara and Adel Shaker. Twin pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole and co-existing fetus following in-vitro fertilization.Europen Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.
[5]. SUN Cheng-juan, ZHAO You-ping, YU Song, FAN Ling, WU Qing-qing, LI Guang-hui and ZHANG Wei-yuan. Twin pregnancy and partial hydatidifrom mole following in vitro fertilization and embryos transfer: a novel case of placental mosaicismChinese Medical Journal 2012;125()24:4517-4519