iosr-JECE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2017

Abstract: In order to avoid the inconvenience caused by the complex environment of industrial production to the data transmission,a data acquisition method is designed, which is more efficientand low power consumption compared to the traditional wireless transmission.Combined with the characteristics of ZigBee technology applied to data acquisition system, the hardware design method of data acquisition node based on CC2530 chip and the network of each node in the network are discussed,including the software design method of adding network.In this paper, we are going to realize the workshop network management, and the computer terminal can detect the status information of multiple devices in real time..............

Keywords: Wireless sensor network; ZigBee; data acquisition

[1]. IAN F A ,MEHMET C V. Wireless sensor networks[M]. Hoboken,New Jersey,USA: John Wiley&Sons, 2010.
[2]. WALTENEGUS D, CHRISTIAN P. Fundamentals of wireless sensor networks: theory and pratice [M]. Hoboken, New Jersey, USA: John Wiley&Sons,2010.
[3]. ALTHAUS E, CALINESCU G, MANDOIU I, et al.Power efficient range assignment in Ad Hoc wireless networks [C]/ /Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Conference on Wireless Communication and Networking.Piscataway: IEEE, 2003:1889-1894.
[4]. Cha Yong Dae,Yoon Gilwon. Ubiquitous health monitoring system for multiple users using a ZigBee and WLAN dual-network.[J]. Telemedicine and e-Health, 2009, 159:165.
[5]. Li Junbin, Hu Yongzhong. Design and application of ZigBee communication network based on

Abstract: MIMO-OFDM system is fast growing new wireless broadband technology which has capability of high data rate transmission and advantages like inter carrier interference (ICI) reduction; high reliability; and better performance in multi-path fading. The major effect to be considered at receiver is fading effects which must be mitigated at receiver using equalization technique. In this paper we presented PAPR reduction in MIMO-OFDM with resource block, when it is compared with existing PAPR reduction techniques such as conventional PTS, selected mapping, clipping and filtering. The simulation shows PAPR reduction.

Keywords: Multiple input multiple output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS), Space Frequency Block Coding (SFBC).

[1]. Sheng-Ju Ku, " Low-Complexity PTS-Based Schemes for PAPR Reduction in SFBC MIMO-OFDM Systems. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, VOL. 60, NO. 4, December 2014.
[2]. T. Jiang and Y.Wu, "An overview: Peak-to-average power ratio reduction techniques for OFDM signals," IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 54, no. 2,pp. 257–268, Jun. 2008
[3]. S.-J. Ku, C.-L. Wang, and C.-H. Chen, "A reduced-complexity PTS-based PAPR reduction scheme for OFDM systems," IEEE Trans.Wireless Commun., vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 2455–2460, Aug. 2010.
[4]. J. Hou, J. Ge, and J. Li, "Peak-to-average power ratio reduction of OFDM signals using PTS scheme with low computational complexity,"IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 143–148, Mar. 2011.
[5]. S.-H. Wang and C.-P.Li, "A low-complexity PAPR reduction scheme for SFBC MIMO-OFDM systems," IEEE Signal Process. Lett., vol. 16 no. 11, pp. 941–944, Nov. 2009.

Abstract:With the development of science and technology, the mobile communication technology has a huge change. Such as, the mobile technology of 3G, which was used widely by people, will disappear slowly in the near future. However, the 4G and 5G will be study and then will be widely used. The fifth generation mobile communication system (5G) is a new generation of mobile communication system after 2020 and its technological development is still in the exploratory stage. In this paper, we will talk about the key elements of this hot technology—4G and 5G.

Keywords: 4G, 5G, mobile communication technology, mobile phone, mobile communication tools

[1]. Zhu-hu Xiao, Development trend and key technologies of 5G mobile communication, Chinese Science, 2014, (5).
[2]. Xian-ying Zhang, Technical analysis of the 4th generation mobile communication technology, Digital Communication World, 2011, (6)
[3]. WU Wei-chi, ZHANG Duo-ying. Research on the key technologies of optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [J].Optical Communication Technology, 2013, (11):5-8.
[4]. Boccardi F, Heath R W, Lozano A, et al. Five disruptive technology directions for 5G[J]. Communications Magazine IEEE, 2014, 52(2):74-80.

Abstract:This paper consisting of the general information about the VLSI followed by the history and development of the VLSI. MOORE's LAW is explained shortly and the designing of the VLSI circuits is explained by the design of VLSI by HIERARCHY-STRUCTURE. In this paper some of the general discussion on the current leakage reduction in the processors are discussed in which the reduction of current leakage by using switches are included and also we can reduce the current leakage in the circuit by using "sleep transistor". Sleep transistors are the transistor which turns off completely when the circuit is not in use. This is a very effective technique. After that some of the discussions about the problems in implementing the sleep transistors is also discussed which is very important while designing any circuit.

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very-large-scale_integration (1 and 2).
[2]. https://www.scribd.com/document/58518491/IEICE-Leakage-Review-Journal (7 and 8).
[3]. http://www.slideshare.net/labishettybhanu/trends-and-challenges-in-vlsi (7B).
[4]. https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=ZOYGWJHcC6_38Af-p67ICg&gws_rd=ssl&pli=1#q=VLSI+systems (FIG 1.1,1.2,1.5).
[5]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law (4).
[6]. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/vlsi_design/vlsi_design_digital_system.htm (5).

Abstract:Signature is one of the most popular biometrics usedfor authentication. There are different techniques throughwhich one can classify the signature as true or forged .Thispaper reviews the different approaches towards sign verificationmethods. And this is what the reason that explains applicationsof signature verification in areas like mortgage, chequeprocessing, in financial transaction etc.Signature Reliability, authenticity and authorizations are highly necessary for many common places such as aircraftboarding, crossing borders of international, entering in a secure physical location, and performing financial (economical) transactions...............

Keywords: Histograms, Cartesian coordinate, Polar coordinates, Classifier.

[1]. Preeti S Pattankude, Tushar Bedke," Positional Invariant Features Based Online Signature Verification for Personal Authentication", International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 5, May 2016.
[2]. Vijila Rexline X, K. L. Neela,"Enhanced Digital Human Signature Verification over Web and Mobile Interfaces", Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies (JNCET) www.jncet.org Vol 6, Issue 5, May (2016).
[3]. Sonika Sharma, Swati Bhasin,"System and Methods for Online Signature Verification on Mobile devices", © 2016 IJEDR | Volume 4, Issue 2 | ISSN: 2321-9939.
[4]. Jadhav Hemant B. IJSTE," Online Signature Verification on Mobile Devices", IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology
& Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 10 | April 2016
[5]. Fazia Ather Mubeena, S.Mahaboob Basha,"Online Signature Verification on Mobile Devices", International Journal of Science
Technology Research, Vol.04, Issue.35, August-2015.

Abstract: In wireless networks, especially in mobile ad hoc networks nodes are typically battery powered, and also networks are noisy and interference rich environment, so it is often slow downed by weak communication link. Hence in this research paper consider both physical layer cooperative communications in order to design network layer routing algorithms that are energy efficient. Let us consider cooperative diversity from the physical layer to improve the results from reliability, Routing at community layer, and formulate minimal power routing as a joint optimization of the transmission power at the bodily layer and the link selection at the network layer...............

Keywords: Cooperative communication, diversity, multicast routing, o-corman, Opportunistic data transfer

[1]. Rajaraman, R. ―Topology Control and Routing in Ad hoc Networks:A Survey,‖ SIGA News, vol. 33, pp. 60–73, June 2002.
[2]. Analysis of Different Routing Techniques for Opportunistic Data Transfer,‖ International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 - 8887), volume 62 – No.5, January 2013 - Sheela Rani Arasu, and Immanuel JohnrajaJebadurai,
[3]. Path diminution in node – disconnected multipath routing for mobile ad hoc networks is unavoidable with single route discovery‖ , International Journal Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing - Ash Mohammad Abbas, and BijendraNath Jain,
[4]. Online]http://www.inetdaemon.com/tutorials/internet/ip/routing/single_vs_multi.shtm
[5]. Radio Disjoint Multi-PathRouting in MANET‖, in CEWIT 2005 Conference, 2005, pp 1-2 KoojanaKuladinithi, Carmelita Gorg and Samir Das

Abstract: Pick n place robot is very interesting, although this type of concept based circuits developed almost 10 years back ago. In previous pick n place robot circuits they may use Bluetooth or infrared, but in this we use radio frequency. Here in this, we use keypad which enables switching "forward, backward, right and left" to pick & place an object. It can be used to move the robot from any distance over limited range.

Keywords: Bluetooth, Infrared, Radio frequency

[1]. Robotic Enginnering by Richard D Klafter, Thomas A chmielewski, Michael Negin
[2]. Atmel AVR Microcontroller Primer: Programming and Interfacing By: Steven F. Barret, Daniel J. Pack
[3]. RatheeshRajan "Foundation Studies for an Alternate Approach to Motion Planning of Dynamic Systems" M.S.E., the University of Texas at Austin, 2001
[4]. RK Mittal and IJ Nagarath "Robotics and Control" BITS Pilani, 2003
[5]. Kuan Pei Wen, "PICK AND PLACE ROBOTIC ARM", Under Graduate Project Paper Submitted to Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. June 2012

Abstract: This paper, focus on the performance evaluation of cognitive radio network in terms of BER VS SNR for M-ary PSK modulation schemes, such as BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, 16-PSK, 32-PSK, and 64-PSK over AWGN and Rician fading channel. The cognitive radio network was designed firstly as a computer model showing the sequence of processes in cognitive radio system and then the Simulation of cognitive radio work was performed using MATLAB simulation. The results were obtained in terms of BER VS SNR for M-PSK modulation. The results show that as the number of M-ary increase the BER increased while the BER decreased as the SNR increased, although as Spectrum efficiency increase.

Keywords: PU, SU, Holes, Cognitive Radio, AWGN, Rician, BER, SNR, BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, 16-PSK, 32-PSKand64-PSK.

[1]. Julian Rubin (2013) The Discovery of Electromagnetic Radiation, Available at: http://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/hertzexperiment.html (Accessed: 5-5-2017).
[2]. J. Mitola III and G. Q. Maguire, Jr., "Cognitive radio: Making software radios more personal," IEEE Personal Communications Magazine, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 13-18, Aug. 1999. DOI: 10.1109/98.788210.
[3]. I. F. Akyildiz, L. Won-Yeol, and K.R. Chowdhury. Spectrum management in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. IEEE Xplore, 3(12):6 12, 2009.
[4]. R.Tandra, S. M. Mishra, and A. Sahai. What is a spectrum hole and what does it take to recognize one? Proceedings of the IEEE, 97(5):824–848, 2009].
[5]. Ghayoor Abbas Jafri ,Ateeq Ur Rehman ,Muhammad Tariq Sadiq "Spectrum Sensing and Management in Cooperative Cognitive Radio" thesis presented as part of Master Degree of Science in Electrical Engineering Blekinge Institute of Technology ,May 2011.

Abstract: Restoration filters are used to recover an image that has been degraded by using a priori knowledge of the degradation phenomenon. This paper aims to provide a comparative study of both qualitative and quantitative performance of the restoration filters namely wavelet filter, median filter and wiener filter of which detailed study and analysis of the wavelet based noise removal is undertaken. The paper deals with the implementing the 2 level wavelet filters with all practical details. One of the main reasons for degradation of images is noise interference. The image is tested for speckle noise, Gaussian noise and salt and pepper noise. Standard test images in MATLAB are used and the filters are implemented using MATLAB functions with standard MATLAB images.

Keywords: Image, Denoising, Wavelet filters, Haar,DWT, Decomposition

[1]. S. Motohashi, H. Senshiki, T. Goto and S. Hirano, Blind blur image restoration considering noise, 2016 IEEE 5th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics, Kyoto, 2016, pp. 1-2.doi: 10.1109/GCCE.2016.7800425
[2]. F. Zhu, G. Chen and P. A. Heng, From Noise Modeling to Blind Image Denoising, 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, NV, 2016, pp. 420-429.doi: 10.1109/CVPR.2016.52
[3]. M. Hacini, K. Djemal and F. Hachouf, Speckled images restoration filter based on weighted multiplicative regularization approach 2012 3rd International Conference on Image Processing Theory, Tools and Applications (IPTA), Istanbul, 2012, pp. 111-115. doi: 10.1109/IPTA.2012.6469506
[4]. M. Tayel, A. Gamal and H. Shawky, Denoising of Stego-images for different noise models, 2015 17th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), Seoul, 2015, pp. 65-69.

Abstract: In the propagation of signal over channel using optical modulation, the observed interference constraint the transmission efficiency. In a visible light communication model, Multi input multi output (MIMO) based communication models were used for its higher throughput and spectrum utilization. In MIMO based visible communication model, the objective of maximizing rate allocation for optimal transmission is focused. In the conventional model, the rate allocation were performed based on the traffic model, and no interference consideration were made. This constraint the optimization of resource allocation in MIMO based visible light communication. in this paper, a new approach for resource allocation based on dual metric consideration of traffic consideration and inference model is developed..

Keywords: MIMO system, visible light communication, propagation model, rate maximization problem.

[1] MingFei Siyau, Tiancheng Li, Javier Prieto, Juan Corchado, Javier Bajo, "A Novel Pilot Expansion Approach for MIMO Channel
Estimation and Tracking", IEEE,ICUWB, pp.1-5, 2015.
[2] Hani Mehrpouyan, Ali A. Nasir, Steven D. Blostein, Thomas Eriksson, George K. Karagiannidis, and Tommy Svensson, "Joint
Estimation of Channel and Oscillator Phase Noise in MIMO Systems", IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol.60,(9),pp.4790
– 4807, 2014.
[3] Movahedian.A, McGuire, M., "Efficient and Accurate Semi blind Estimation of MIMO-OFDM Doubly-Selective Channels", 80th
IEEE,VTC Fall, pp.1-5, 2014.
[4] S. D. Dissanayake and J. Armstrong, "Novel techniques for combating DC offset in diversity combined ACO-OFDM," IEEE
Commun. Lett., vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 1237–1239, Nov. 2011.
[5] Q. Wang., "Layered ACO-OFDM for intensity-modulated direct-detection optical wireless transmission," Opt. Exp., vol. 23, no. 9,
pp. 12382–12393, May 2015..

Abstract: With increasing demand of high datarate applications at low cost, wireless communication is the key area of research, the solution to this problem is OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). Multicarrier transmission technique like OFDM with IM (Index Modulation) is the best choice over classical OFDM. Sending the information at the indices of active subcarriers is extra information source. In this work we propose MIMO OFDM IM using frequency offset by combining MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) & OFDM IM transmission techniques............

Keywords: OFDM, MIMO, index modulation (IM), MMSE, and frequency offset.

[1]. Ertuğrul Başar, Member, IEEE "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output OFDM with Index Modulation", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, VOL. 22, No. 12, December 2015.
[2]. J. Andrews, S. Buzzi, W. Choi, S. Hanly, A. Lozano, A. Soong, and J. Zhang, "What will 5G be?," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1065–1082, Jun. 2014.
[3]. E. Başar, Ü. Aygölü, E. Panayırcı, and H. V. Poor, "Orthogonal frequency division multiplexes with index modulation," IEEE Trans. Signal Process. vol. 61, no. 22, pp. 5536–5549, Nov. 2013.
[4]. R. Abu-alhiga and H. Haas, "Subcarrier-index modulation OFDM," in Proc. IEEE Int. Sym. Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Commun., Tokyo, Japan, Sep. 2009, pp. 177–181.
[5]. D. Tsonev, S. Sinanovic, and H. Haas, "Enhanced subcarrier index modulation (SIM) OFDM," in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM Workshops, Dec. 2011, pp. 728–732..

Abstract: This paper presents a completely unique strategy for accurate image restoration by characterizing each native smoothness and nonlocal self-similarity of natural pictures during a unified statistical manner. the most contributions area unit three-fold. First, from the angle of image statistics, a joint statistical modeling (JSM) in an accommodative hybrid space-transform domain is established, that offers a strong} mechanism of mixing native smoothness and nonlocal self-similarity at the same time to make sure a a lot of reliable and robust estimation. Second, a replacement variety of minimization purposeful for finding the image inverse drawback is developed using JSM underneath a regularization-based framework............

Keywords: Inpainting ,JSM, Restoration , Image Blur, Statistical Modeling..

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