IOSR-JHSS   Volume-28 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2023

Abstract: Heart education is essential to form a generation of excellence and noble character, especially in solving the problem of moral decline that has occurred in recent decades. Research on moral education has existed before, but studies that focus on the thoughts of local leaders still need to be completed. This article aims to analyze the ideas of a local ulema in Kalimantan, Ahmad Fahmi Zamzam, in educating the heart. The method used is literature research using content analysis of the book 40 hadisth antodote to the heart by Ahmad Fahmi Zamzam. The study results found that the strategies for educating the heart offered by Ahmad Fahmi Zamzam were grouped into two categories: methods for educating the heart with external and inner charities. External charities such as; prayer, zakat, almsgiving, fasting, recitation of the Qur'an, dhikr, seeking halal sustenance, being social, 'amar ma'ruf and nahi munkar, and Ittiba', while inner charities, such as; repentance, khauf, zuhud, patience, gratitude, sincerity, sahabah, and remembering death. This study recommends that the government and educational institutions pay serious attention to heart education through external and inner practice.

Keywords: Education Strategy, Heart Education, Ahmad Fahmi Zamzam, Banjar Ulema

[1]. Abdullah, B. (2008). Pendidikan Keimanan Kontemporer (Sebuah Pendekatan Qur'ani). Antasari Press.
[2]. Abduloh, A. Y., & Ahyani, H. (2020). Pendidikan Hati Menurut Al-Ghazali (Keajaiban Hati: Penjelasan Tentang Perbedaan antara Dua Maqom). Jurnal Tawadhu, 4(2), Article 2. https://ejournal.iaiig.ac.id/index.php/TWD/article/view/289
[3]. Ahmad, N. F., & Sulaiman, M. (2021). The Prominence And Contribution Of Abu Hassan Ali Al-Nadwi On Strengthening The Spread Of Da'wah In Muslim World, 1913-1999. http://localhost:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16125
[4]. Ahmad, N., & Majid, L. A. (2022). Akses Pengajian Hadis bagi Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU) Penglihatan di Malaysia: Access to Hadith Studies for Visually Impaired People in Malaysia. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs, 6(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol6no1.137
[5]. al-Azdî, S. ibn al-Ash'ath al-Sijistânî. (t.t.). Sunan Abî Dâwûd, ditahqiq oleh Muhammad Muhyiddin 'Abdul Hamîd. Maktabah al-'Ashriyah.

Abstract: Digital culture and the National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) are highly important and relevant topics in the field of education. Understanding the social representations of high school teachers regarding these two aspects is crucial to promote quality education that is suitable for the challenges of the digital era. The aim of this study is to investigate the social representations of high school teachers in the state of Ceará concerning digital culture and the BNCC. We sought to understand these teachers' perceptions and understandings of the interaction between digital culture and the pedagogical principles established by the BNCC. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, employing semi-structured interviews and content analysis. The sample consisted of 20 teachers from public high schools.......

Keywords: Digital Culture, BNCC, High School, Social Representations, Educational Practice

[1]. Abramo, H. (2007). Abram, H. (2007). Representações sociais. Editora Vozes.
[2]. Abram, H. W. (2007). Representações sociais e conhecimento psicológico. In: JODELET, D. (Org.). As representações sociais. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ, p. 17-44.
[3]. Abric, J. C. (2003). A abordagem estrutural das representações sociais. In: MOREIRA, A. S. P.; OLIVEIRA, D. C. (Orgs.). Estudos interdisciplinares de representação social. Goiânia: AB, p. 83-102.
[4]. Almeida, M. E. B.; Valente, J. A. (2011). Tecnologias e currículo: trajetórias convergentes ou divergentes? Revista Brasileira de Educação, v. 16, n. 47, p. 233-246.
[5]. Almeida, M. E. B.; Valente, J. A. (2011). Tecnologias e currículo: trajetórias convergentes ou divergentes? Revista Brasileira de Educação, Rio de Janeiro, v. 16, n. 47, p. 233-246, May/August.

Abstract: Background: The relationship between expenditure on food and total expenditure has been a matter of interest for a very long period of time, dating back to German statistician Ernst Engel, who was the first to show that a household's expenditure on food and other items depended on its income or total expenditure. Various studies across the world have attempted to fit different functional forms of the Engel curve ranging from linear, semi logarithmic, double logarithmic, Working-Leser etc. Studies have also shown that household size needs to be included in fitting the functional form of the Engel curve along with total expenditure. This paper is an attempt along similar lines in the Indian context........

Keywords: Engel's law, Household consumer expenditure survey 2011-12 India, Hosehold expenditure, Food expenditure

[1]. Allen, R. G. D., & Bowley, A. L. (1935). Family expenditure: A study of its variation (No. 2). PS King.
[2]. Burney, N. A., & Khan, A. H. (1992). Household Size, its Composition, and Consumption Patterns in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis using Micro Data. Indian Economic Review, 57-72.
[3]. Engel, E. 1857. "Die Productions- und Consumptionsverhaltnisse des Konigreichs Sachsen." Reprinted in Engel's Die Lebenskosten belgischer AtbeiterFamilien. Dresden, 1895.
[4]. Houthakker, Hendrik S. 1987. Engel's Law. In The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, vol. 2, ed. J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman, 143-44. London: The Macmillan Press.
[5]. Leser, C. E. V. (1963). Forms of Engel functions. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 694-703.

Abstract: This article was written to reveal the strategy of the da'wah of the Umayyads in spreading Islam and building a new civilization through sociological, cultural, and political communication. This research adopts the library method to trace events during the Umayyad period through books, journals, and all intellectual treasures related to this paper. The search results show that Mu'awiyah's success in establishing a dynasty was not only the result of a diplomatic victory at Siffin and the killing of Caliph Ali, but from the start, Mu'awiyah had a solid "rational basis" for the foundation of his future political development through social communication. , cultural and political, This can be seen for.......

Keywords: Umayyad Da'wah Strategy; Mua'wiyah Communication

[1]. Abdullah, M. Amin. 1999. Studi Agama Normativitas atau Historisitas? Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
[2]. Abdullah, Taufik dan M. Rusli Karim, ed. 1989. Metodologi Penelitian Agama Sebuah Pengantar. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.
[3]. Abdurrahman, Dudung. 1999. Metode Penelitian Sejarah. Jakarta: Logos Wacana Ilmu.
[4]. Alfian. 1981. Politik, Kebudayaan dan Manusia Indonesia. Jakarta: LP3ES.
[5]. Ali, K. 2000. Sejarah Islam (Tarikh Pramodern), diterjemahkan oleh Ghufron A. Mas'adi dari judul aslinya, A Study of Islamic History. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada..

Abstract: In India Bollywood cinema has always remained the most powerful influencer for the common public. The present paper uses the theoretical framework of Michael Foucault in which he explores the discourse on sex in 17th century through 18th and 19th up to the contemporary times. He looks at sex as an historical construct-social construct and not only biological construct. He claims that in Victorian ideology, sexuality was regulated, confined, and censored and was limited to home and legally contracted procreative couple. The power is exercised in a general way through prohibition, censorship, and denial. This paper uses this framework to understand how the discourse on sex, lust and desire in India disappeared from the public discussions. To understand the process, this paper uses Bollywood cinema and songs in pre 1990s and post 1990s period. It claims that the regulation of female sexuality and defining normative behaviour on the site of Bollywood cinema becomes a major tool of power exertion.

Keywords: Discourse, Sex and sexuality, Bollywood cinema, new woman, Desire

[1]. Bharucha Rustom. Utopia in Bollywood 'Hum Apke Hai Koun' in Economic and Political Weekly, April 15th, 1995, pp801 to 804.
[2]. Hurley Robert (Translated from French). The Will to Knowledge, Penguin, UK, 1978.
[3]. Kaustav Chakraborty and Rajarshi Guha Thakurata. Indian concepts on sexuality
[4]. in Indian journal of psychiatry v.55(Suppl 2); 2013 Jan S250–S255.
[5]. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.105546.

Abstract: Emergent American literature of the late twentieth century was often concerned with the observation of change ; the changes in how people viewed themselves, and others, through the often opaque lenses of ethnicity, race, and gender. In his novel, Boy Genius, Korean-American author, Yongsoo Park approaches these changes in a unique yet eye-opening way; he uses qualities of absurdity, sarcasm, irony, and hypocrisy; all qualities that are amply found in his protagonist character, our Boy Genius. Through his absurdly Quixotic psychology and behavior, Boy Genius is Park's way of making a statement of these new changes he sees in the world around him. Through the farcical nature of Boy Genius' thoughts and ideas, we as readers, can come to know, analyze, and perhaps even, to appreciate how these same changes are actually taking place.

Keywords: psychology and literature, the absurd, Korean-American, race studies, satire

[1]. Barnes, Hazel. (1961). The Literature of Possibility: A Study of Humanistic Existentialism. London, Tavistock.
[2]. Camus, Albert. (1947). The Plague. Random House [3]. Foley, J. (2008). Albert Camus: From the Absurd to Revolt. Taylor & Francis Group.
[4]. Gallop, Jane. (1983) Lacan's "Mirror Stage": Where to Begin. SubStance, Vol. 11. No. 4, Issue 37-38: A Special Issue from the Center for Twentieth Century Studies, pp. 118-128.
[5]. Park, Youngsu. (2002). Boy Genius. New York: Akashic Books.
[6]. Wolf, Ernest. (1980). Psychoanalytic Psychology of the Self and Literature. New Literary History, Vol. 12, No. 1, Psychology and Literature: Some Contemporary Directions, pp. 41-60.

Abstract: India recently surpassed China to become the most populous country in the world. India's effective use of the burgeoning population will determine its economic growth and success in the global landscape. Currently, 26% of India's population is below 14 years, and approximately 67% is between the age of 15 to 64 years.1 Given the large percentage of the population being in the students' category, it is imperative to revolutionize India's education landscape to help create more skilled workers in the economy. Digital learning is an important tool for providing quality education to children in rural India......

[1]. "India - Rural POPULATION2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1960-2021 Historical." India - Rural Population - 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1960-2021 Historical, tradingeconomics.com/india/rural-population-percent-of-total-population-wb-data.html. Accessed 17 May 2023.
[2]. "Press Information Bureau." Home Page:Press Information Bureau, pib.gov.in/indexd.aspx. Accessed 17 May 2023.
[3]. "Rural India Had 44% More Internet Users Compared to Urban Markets: Nielsen Report." The Economic Times,
economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/rural-india-pips-urban-india-in-internet-usage-with-44-more-users-report/articleshow/98704031.cms#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20report%2C%20the,the%20number%20stands%20at%2086%25. Accessed 17 May 2023.
[4]. "Students, Parents, Teachers, Exams and Scholarships - India." BW Education, www.bweducation.businessworld.in/. Accessed 17 May 2023.

Abstract: The essence of Tagore's ideas lies in the basic belief that the notion of a country/nation is not greater than the ideals of humanity. Being a prolific writer, he produced many novels which were considered to be an allegory on Indian nationalism and reverberated his beliefs. Each character of his writings stands fora different ideology and it is within this discourse that a conflict is produced, where ultimately Tagore's voice emerges most appealing and most rationally overpowering. This paper attempts to study Tagore's novel Gora in which he problematizes the case of Indian nationalism.......

[1]. Bose,A.(2015).Tagore'sNotionofNationalismandNationState.IJHSSS,245-256.
[2]. Chatterjee,M.(2013).TropeofWomanasMotherlandintheIndianNationalImaginaryinR.N.Tagore'sGora.IJHSSI vol.2issue 9, 97-102.
[3]. Roy,D.(2011).Representationofthe'NationalSelf'-NovelisticPortrayalofaNewCulturalIdentity.
[4]. Rupkatha.
[5]. Tagore,R.(1999).Gora.NewDelhi:Macmillan.
[6]. E.Gellner,Nationsand Nationalism
[7]. Seethesection'Prose,PoetryandReality'in'NationandImagination',Studies inHistory,p-115,1999.

Abstract: The new Education policy 2020 Concept of Art across the school curriculum and Arts as an approach to learning NCERT has developed modules an Arts and Arts Education and integration of Arts with other school subjects like mathematics, science, social and Language and the capacity building of primary and secondary teacher's on Art integrated learning and its implementation in classroom teaching learning. Arts - Integrated learning will support teacher's assessment of application skill of the student in their subjects.

Keywords: Art Education, Integrated Learning, School Subjects.

[1]. Krishnama Charyulu, Art Education
[2]. Janardhan Prasad, Art Education concepts, epistamacy and Role
[3]. Art Integration (CBSE 2019)

Abstract: A pesquisa objetivou analisar como acontece o ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena no 9º ano do ensino fundamental da Escola Estadual Vale do Sol. Os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa documental e de campo, utilizando-se o método da história oral temática, com entrevistas semiestruturadas com pessoas ligadas ao objeto de estudo, sendo seis alunos, o professor de História, a diretora e a coordenadora pedagógica. A partir das entrevistas e da análise de documentos, constatou-se que, mesmo diante de tantas problemáticas nas quais estão envolvidas a escola e a sua clientela, o ensino de História nesta escola, visto que cumpre o seu papel social e educacional.......

Keywords: Diversidade Cultural. Ensino de História. Cultura afro-brasileira. Indígena.

[1]. BITTENCOURT, Circe Maria Fernandes. Ensino de História: fundamentos e métodos. 3º edição, São Paulo: Cortez Editora. 2009.
[2]. BORGES, Elisabeth Maria de Fátima. A Inclusão da História e da Cultura Afro-brasileira e Indígena nos Currículos da Educação Básica. R. Mest. Hist., Vassouras, v. 12, n. 1, p. 71-84, jan./jun., 2010.
[3]. BRASIL, PRESIDÊNCIA DA REPÚBLICA – Casa Civil - LEI DE DIRETRIZES E BASES DA EDUCAÇÃO NACIONAL. Disponível em: <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/L9394.htm>. Acesso em 10 jan.2016.
[4]. CANDAU, Vera Maria Ferrão. Diferenças Culturais, Cotidiano escolar e práticas pedagógicas. Currículo sem Fronteiras, v.11, n.2, pp.240-255, Jul/Dez 2011.
[5]. CRUZ, José Vieira da. O uso metodológico da História oral: um caminho para pesquisa histórica. In: Fragmenta. Aracaju:UNIT, 2005.

Abstract: "When poverty becomes the major cause of famine and leaders start to bury common man's right, the common man retaliates in a way that the system happens to receive a quake. This is when a person becomes a Maoist -- Maoist intellectual Varavara Rao." Naxalism is the other name of the largest internal terror group in India known as Maoist or the CPI. We all know the majority of incidents of violence - killing of civilians and security forces, unlawful activities are carried out by these naxal groups in major parts of India........

Key word: Naxals, Indigenous groups, rule of arms, military power, maosit, CPI etc.

[1]. Akhoury, Nishant, "naxalism is gravest internal threat: PM" Times of India, April 13, 2006, at http://time sofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Naxalism-is-gravest-threat-PM/articleshow/1489633.cms
[2]. Article on Naxalite terror -https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tackling-naxalite-terror/articleshow/2215820.cms?from=mdr [3]. Bhuyan ,Dasarathi, "Naxalism – issues and concern" , 2010 Publication.
[4]. Case study NIA - http://www.nia.gov.in/nia-cases.htm
[5]. Details on tribal community and indigenous color of India http://www.tourmyindia.com/ .