iosr-JMCE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2016

Abstract: In the emerging automobile world our concept goes to play a vital role by the way of Using MOBILE SOURCE under,cloud computing voice recognition in automotive models for both commercial and secure surveillance process. The system works on the basics of recognition of voice as input and process in vehicles as output. Input is given to vehicles by using the mobile phones or PC or any web connecting systems. It maintains privacy between voice commander and receiver. Receiver has 360 degree webcam thus helps us to know the surrounding of our receiver which is the vehicle............

..........................

Abstract: A super-convergent finite element is formulated for the dynamic flexural response of symmetric laminated composite beams subjected to various transverse harmonic forces. Based on the assumptions of Timoshenko beam theory, a one-dimensional finite beam element with two-nodes and four degrees of freedom per element is developed. The new beam element is applicable to symmetric laminated composite beams and accounts for the effects of shear deformation, rotary inertia, and Poison's ratio. The exact closed-form solution for flexural displacement functions developed in this study is employed to develop exact shape functions.........

Keywords: Symmetric laminates, exact shape functions, harmonic forces, super-convergent finite element, steady state response.

[1]. S. M. Nabi and N. Ganesan, Generalized element for the free vibration analysis of composite beams, Computers and Structures,
51(5), 1994, 607-610.
[2]. A. S. Bassiouni, R. Gad-Elrab and T. H. Elmahdy, Dynamic analysis for laminated composite beams, Composite Structures, 44,
1999, 81-87.
[3]. P. Raveendranath, G. Singh and B. Pradhan, Application of coupled polynomial displacement fields to laminated beam elements,
Computers and Structures, 78, 2000, 661–670.
[4]. J. Li, H. Hongxing and S. Rongying, Dynamic finite element method for generally laminated composite beams, International
Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 50, 2008, 466‐480.
[5]. K. Chandrashekhara and K. M. Bangera, Free vibration of composite beams using a refined shear flexible beam element, Computers
and Structures, 43 (4), 1992, 719-727.

Abstract: The efforts are geared to the development and application of environmentally friendly and sustainable bio-reinforced composites for use in automotive, construction, packaging and medical fields. In the study of Green polymer nanocomposites we learned unique properties of combining the advantages of natural fillers and organic polymers. Plant fibers are found suitable to reinforce polymer. They are also biodegradable and are annually renewable compared to other fibrous materials. In addition to presenting the scientific framework for the advances in polymer nanocomposite research, it focuses on the scientific principles and mechanisms in relation to the methods of processing and manufacturing with a discussion on commercial applications and health/safety concerns.

Keywords: Microscopy, polymers, composites, quantitative, statistical etc.

[1]. Majdzadeh-Ardakani, K.; Sadeghi-Ardakani, Sh., "Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of Starch/natural rubber/clay nanocomposites", Digest J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 2010, 5, 307-316.
[2]. Mazumder, S.K. (ed.). (2012), "Composites Manufacturing, Materials, Product & Process Engineering", CRC Taylor & Francis, ISBN0-8493-0585-3.
[3]. Kaplan DL, Mayer JM, Ball D, McCassie J, Allen AL, Stenhouse P (2011), "Fundamentals of Bio-degradable polymers", In: Ching C, Kaplan DL, Thomas EL (eds) Biodegradable polymers and packaging. Technomic Pub Co, Lancaster, pp 1-42.
[4]. Tang S., Z., P., Xiong, H., Tang, H., "Effect of nano-SiO2 on the performance of starch/polyvinyl alcohol blend films. Carbohydrate Polymers", 2008. 72: p. 521-526.
[5]. Billmeyer, F.W.J., "Textbook of Polymer Science". 3 ed. 2010: John Wiley & Sons. Inc RTO Lecture Series, EN-AVT-129, May 2005.

Abstract: This research work deals with the implication of modern retailing at not only in Dhaka, Bangladesh but also the whole district in Bangladesh with main objectives to find out technological activity, impact on modern welfare.

Keywords: Conduction, Heat Flux, Thermal Conductivity, Mixtures of Perfect gases, Enthalpy

..........................

Abstract: Transmission Gearbox plays a vital role and essential part of an automobile. It provide torque and transmit power from one section to another. The torque is inversely related to speed i.e. lower speed have higher torque and vice versa. The main motive of this research work is to measure the surface temperature variation on the gearbox surface with the help of probe method. In this dissertation work, steady state thermal analysis of a gear train was performed by using Ansys 16.2 and apply probe method to get the temperature at a particular point on a gear surface. The analysis can be done to prevent the gearbox from failure. There are variant reason for the failure of transmission gearbox is meshing excitation...........

[1] Ashwani Kumar, Himanshu Jaiswal, Rajat Jain, Pravin P Patil (2014), Free Vibration and Material Mechanical Properties Influence Based Frequency and Mode Shape Analysis of Transmission Gearbox Casing, Procedia Engineering, Vol 97, PP 1097-1106.
[2] Marina Franulovic, Robert Basan, Robert Kunc Ivan Prebil (2011), Numerical Modelling of Life Prediction of Gear, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 10, PP 562-567.
[3] Salah, M. H., Mitchell, T. H., Wagner, J. R., & Dawson, D. M. (2007, June). Multiple Cooling Loops in Advanced Vehicle Thermal Management Systems. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics.
[4] Solid Edge .Version 19.0. 2006.
[5] V.S. Khangar, Dr. S.B Jaju (2012), A Review of Various Methodologies used for Shaft Failure Analysis, IJETAE, Vol 2, Issue 6, PP 50-54.

Abstract: Flexible pavement design methods based on elastic theories require as input the elastic properties of the pavement materials. In particular the tensile properties of the pavement are of great concern in order to have sustainable and durable pavement during its useful life over the design period. However, determining the tensile properties of flexible pavement is one that has gained interest over the years. The present study used two forms of indirect tensile testing techniques (split cylinder and double punch) to determine tensile behaviour of asphalt concrete mixes synonymous with flexible pavement under loading for a rubber latex modified concrete.........

Keywords: Tensile Strength, HMA Concrete, Rubber Latex, Split Cylinder and Double Punch.

[1] Anderson, D. A., Le Hir, Y. M., Marasteanu, M. O., Planche, J., and Martin, D. (2001) "Evaluation of Fatigue Criteria for Asphalt Binders." Transportation Research Record 1766, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D. C. 48–56.
[2] Asphalt Institute (1981) "Thickness Design-Asphalt Pavements for Highways and Streets", Manual Series No. 1.
[3] Bonnot, J. (1986) "Asphalt Aggregate Mixtures", Transportation Research Record, 1096, Transportation Research Board, 42-51.
[4] Brown, E. R. and Foo, K. Y. (1989) "Evaluation of Variability in Resilient Modulus Test Results‟ (ASTM D 41 23) National Centre for Asphalt Technology: Report No. 91-6.
[5] Chen, W.F.and Drucker, D. C., (1969) "Bearing Capacity of Concrete Blocks or Rock", Journal of the Engineering Mechanics, Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 95, No. 4,

Abstract: The non-renewable energy sources, their current consumption rates and their future availability have emerged as the areas of concentration which is mainly because of the growing needs and utilizations by the population. The current target of the government and researchers is to bring about an energy source that should be an alternative option for the depleting fuels. Further, the harmful effects of these fuels have to be considerably reduced so that they are eco-friendly in nature. The intended solution for these global energy crises could be the Hybrid Solar energy systems.............

Keywords: Solar dryers, solar air heaters, hybrid solar energy systems, drying processes, paddy processing

[1] M. K. Shweta, S. B. Mahajanashetti and N. M. Kerur. 2011. "Economics of paddy processing: a comparative analysis of conventional and modern rice mills."Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science 24(3): 331–335. http://web.inflibnet.ac.in/ojs/index.php/KJAS/article/download/730/677.
[2] S. K. Goyal, S. V. Jogdand and A. K. Agrawal. 2014. "Energy use pattern in rice milling industries - a critical appraisal." Journal of Food Science and Technology51 (11): 2907 – 2916. doi:10.1007/s13197-012-0747-3.
[3] www.woodenergy.ie
[4] http://www.worldenergy.org/publications/survey_of_energy_resources_2007/625.asp
[5] http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/rkb/index.php/rice-milling/commercial-rice-milling-systems/husking

Abstract: Junction temperature is an important parameter in thermal management of LEDs (Light emitting diodes) system. The junction temperature of three different types of LED is calculated numerically. Three dimension numerical simulation using ANSYS-Icepak 15 software package is presented for all cases. Appropriate heat sink is designed for each type of LED and investigates the effect of the fins height on the junction temperature.............

Keywords: LEDs, Heat sink, thermal management, junction temperature, ANSYS-Icepak 15.

[1]. S. Kang, K. Chien, and W. Lin, "Multiple-Layer Heat Dissipation Module for LED Streetlamps," vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 97–104, 2012.
[2]. A. S. Rainer Huber, "Thermal Management of Light Sources Based on SMD LEDs Application note," no. July, pp. 1–13, 2013.
[3]. R. Jassem, T.Salem, M. Abbas, I.Nazzal "Study the Behavoure of Several Types of LEDs Light with Designing Proper Heat Sinks for Each LED," I.J. of Emerging Research in Management &Technology vol. 9359, no. 7, pp. 22–29, 2016.
[4]. W. Chi, T. Chou, C. Han, K. Chiang, Analysis of thermal performance of high power light emitting diodes package, IEEE 2008 10th Electronics PackagingTechnologyConference, Singapore, 2008 .
[5]. V. A. F. Costaand A. M. G. Lopes, "Improved Radial Heat Sink for Led Lamp Cooling,"Appl. Therm. Eng., 2014.

Abstract: In any renewable energy system, knowing about availability of resources is one of the main concern for scientists. In another words, challenge is when these resources are needed to be predicted. Forecasting solar radiation is one of the most noticeable unsettled case. By having a thought of forecasting solar radiation would be easier comparing to other renewable resources, because it is not related to wind speed or weather temperature. However, after this experiment it become more clear that, the amount of receiving radiation is proportional to weather alternative conditions such as movement of clouds, haze and even the density of them...............

Keywords: Daily, solar radiation, forecasting, historical data, exponential smoothing, seasonal, neural network, feed forward.

[1] Nehrir, M.H. et al: A review of hybrid renewable/alternative energy systems for electric power generation: configuration, control and applications, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2011, pp. 392-403.
[2] JoakimWidén, NicoleCarpman, ValeriaCastellucci, DavidLingfors, JonOlauson, FloreRemouit, MikaelBergkvist, MårtenGrabbe, RafaelWaters; Variability assessment and forecasting of renewables: A review for solar, wind, wave and tidal resources, 2015, 356–375.
[3] D. Connolly, H. Lund, B.V. Mathiesen, M. Leahy; 'The first step towards a 100% renewable energy-system for Ireland',Volume 88, Issue 2, 2011, 502–507.
[4] TurkeyA. Tascikaraoglu, A.R. Boynuegri, M. Uzunoglu; 'A demand side management strategy based on forecasting of residential renewable sources: A smart home system in Turkey', Volume 80, 2014, 309–320.
[5] A. Ahmad, T.N. Anderson, T.T. Lie;Hourly global solar irradiation forecasting for New Zealand,Volume 122, 2015, 1398–1408.

Abstract: Vertical axis wind turbine with straight blade is one of the modern vertical axis wind turbines for converting wind to electrical energy. Power production capability at low speed and turbulent winds and, low disturbing noise with good appearance, makes it suitable to use small scale of this type turbine in urban areas. In view of considering importance of blade aerodynamics in turbine performance, the flow over vertical axis wind turbine with straight blade is simulated by two dimensional computational fluid dynamics............

Keywords: Vertical axis wind turbine, computational fluid dynamics, unsteady flow over airfoil, oscillating airfoil

[1] Pope, K.; Rodrigues, V.; Doyle, R.; Tsopelas, A.; Gravelsins, R.; Naterer, G.F.; Tsang, E.: Effects of stator vanes on power coefficients of a zephyr vertical axis wind turbine. Renewable Energy 35(5), 1043-1051 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.renene.2009.10.012
[2] Knight, J.: Urban wind power: Breezing into town. Nature 430(6995), 12-13 (2004).
[3] Mertens, S.: Wind energy in the built environment: concentrator effects of buildings. TU Delft, Delft University of Technology, (2006)
[4] Berg, D.E.: Structural design of the Sandia 34-meter vertical-axis wind turbine. Sandia National Laboratories, (1985)
[5] Van Bussel, G.: A momentum theory for winglets on horizontal axis wind turbine rotors and some comparison with experiments. In: Fourth IEA Symposium on the Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines 1990. Rome, Italy. Proc. edt. K. McAnulty, ETSU-N-118, Harwell, Didcot, UK

Abstract: Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregates, binding material, water and admixtures. It is the most widely used construction material on earth. This paper is a study on loss of workability, setting time, property correlation between paste and concrete for various admixture and superplasticiser dosages. The mineral admixtures considered are Fly ash and (Ground granulated blast furnace slag) GGBS with superplasticiser Masterglenium SKY 8233.......

Keywords: Compatibility, Marsh cone Time, Retention time, Saturation dosage

[1]. M. Sonebi, M. Lachemi, K.M.A. Hossain, Optimisation of rheological parameters and mechanical properties of superplasticised cement grouts containing metakaolin and viscosity modifying admixture, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 65, 2014, pp 566–573.
[2]. Costas A. Anagnostopoulos, Effect of various superplasticisers on the physical and mechanical properties of cement grout, Procedia Engineering,Vol. 122, 2015, pp 39 – 46.
[3]. Haibo Xie, O. Burciaga Diaz, J.I. Escalante Garcia, Workability and proportion design of pumping concrete based on rheological parameters, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 24, 2010, pp 1166–1175.
[4]. Mohammed Maslehuddin, Jiˇri Zacha, Azra Korjenicb, Jitka Hroudovaa, Effect of key mixture parameters on flow and mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 58, 2013, pp 319–323.
[5]. Shuang Liu, Ali Jihad Hamad, Preparation, microstructure and rheological properties of asphalt sealants for bridge expansion joints, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Applications,Vol 7,2014, pp 52-57.

Abstract: Improving the performance of flexible road pavements has been one of the major concerns in highway engineering, due mainly to the twin problems of temperature and oxidation that impede its performance. For instance at very high temperatures the binder (i.e. asphalt) in the concrete will become too soft and tend to separate from the pavement therefore becomes fluid and ready to flow under traffic loads. On the other hand when there is excessive oxidation the pavement suffers from air entrainment in the pores of the concrete thereby creating voids (i.e. air voids and VMA) beyond allowable limits.......

Keywords: Material Characterization, Bituminous Concrete, Candle Wax, Voids and Flow.

[1] AASHTO Design Guide Draft (2002) – 2.4 Modulus of Elasticity for Major Material Groups, NCHRP Project 1-37A.
[2] Asphalt Institute (1956) "Mix Design methods for Hot-mix Asphalt Paving‟, University of Maryland, Manual Series No.2. Lexington.
[3] Collins, R. J. and Ciesielski, S. K. (1993) "Recycling of Waste Materials and by Products in Highway Construction', (1 & 2); Office of Research and Development, U.S. Federal Highway Administration. Washington, DC.
[4] Federal Highway Administration, (1993) 'Engineering and Environmental Aspects of Recycled Materials for Highway Construction', (1): Final Report FHWA Contract No. DTFH61-92-COO60, Washington DC.
[5] Flynn, L. (1993) "Recycled Plastic Finds Home in Asphalt Binder‟, Journal of Roads and Bridges. (58)2; 32 – 41.

Abstract: Prior to implication of mathematical model as a tool for any kind of policy making or decision making, the model must be calibrated against appropriate observed data. The two-dimensional sediment transport model of the Bay of Bengal usually being calibrated against suspended sediment concentration at different locations comparing the model results with field measurements to make the model performance to a satisfactory level. Since field data of sediment concentration is rarely available for model calibration, an attempt has been made in the present study, to generate sediment concentration data by using satellite images to calibrate the sediment transport model in a better way. Calibration of sediment transport model result against image generated sediment concentration at different locations of Bay of Bengal show acceptable agreement..

[1]. Adam, M.; Spicer, K. R.; Tami, C. and Uhrich, M.A. 2015, Estimating concentrations of fine-grained and total suspended sediment from close-range remote sensing imagery, Conference paper, Conference Title:SEDHYD 2015, Reno, Nevada, 19-23 April, 2015.
[2]. Coleman, J.M. 1969, Brahmaputra River: Channel process and sedimentation, Sediment Geol., 3(196), pp: 129-239.
[3]. CSPS 1998, Cyclone Shelter Preparatory Study, Stage I: Feasibility Phase. Final Report. Mathematical Modelling of Cyclone-Surge and Related Flooding. European Commission, Directorate General External Economic Relations, Technical Unit for Asia Centre, 1998.
[4]. DHI, 2012, MIKE 21 & MIKE 3 flow model FM: Mud Transport Module, Scientific Documentation, DHI, Denmark.
[5]. Hung, T.L. and Tuyen, V.D. 2014, Estimating suspended sediment concentrations in surface water of tri an lake (Vietnam) using landsat multispectral images, VestnikOrelGAU, 3(48), June 2014..

Abstract: The reaction turbines have application for very wide range of hydro power projects. Turbine is the most important component of hydro power plant. Its cost varies 15-35% of the total cost of hydropower project. The analysis of flow behavior of turbine under various operating conditions for cost effective design of the turbine is utmost importance. The model testing of turbine gives overall performance of turbines based on global parameters. This approach is very costly and time consuming. The computational fluid dynamics compliments experimental and theoretical approach by providing an alternate cost effective means of simulating real turbulent flow.......

Keywords: axial flow turbine, CFD, mixed flow turbine, reaction turbines, runner

[1]. Lipej ,Optimisation Method for the Design of Axial Hydraulic Turbines, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy(Impact Factor: 0.6). 02/2004; 218(1):43-50(2004) DOI: 10.1243/095765004322847080
[2]. Guoyi Peng, A Practical Combined Computation Method of Mean Through- Flow for 3D Inverse Design of Hydraulic Turbo machinery Blades, Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 127(6), pp 1183-1190(2005),DOI:10.1115/1.2062787
[3]. Prasad Vishnu, Gehlot V.K., Krishnamachar P.,CFD approach for design optimisation and validation for axial flow hydraulic turbine, Indian Journal of Engineering and Material Science, Vol.16(4) ,pp. 229-236(2009)
[4]. Saeed R.A., Galybin A.N. and Popov V.,Modeling of Flow Induced Stresses in a Francis Turbine Runner, Advances in Engineering Software, Elsevier Science Ltd. Oxford, UK, Volume 41 Issue 12, December, 2010 , pp1245-1255(2010) DOI:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2010.09.001
[5]. Santiago Latin, Garcia Manuel, Quinterio Brian and Orrego Santiago, CFD Numerical Simulations of Francis Turbine, Rev. Fac. Ing.Univ. Antioquia N. 51 pp 24-33(2010)

Abstract: Straddle carriers help optimize terminal productivity by decoupling waterside and landside operations. The speed, reach and flexibility of straddle carriers allow terminals to use a single type of equipment for all container operations. Kalmar straddle carriers can handle loads of up to 60 tonnes and stack containers up to 4-high. Kalmar straddle carrier is built on a heritage of over 70 years. To date over 5000 units have been manufactured. The first fully automated terminal are using Kalmar Autostrada was open in Brisbane, Australia in 2005. Kalmar develops energy-efficient, safe and intelligent machinery and automation solutions at its Technology and Competence Centre in Tampere, Finland.......

Keywords: Gate design, Gate optimization, Bolt calculation, Finite element approach, experimental analysis..

[1]. SVENSK STANDARD SS-EN 13001-3-1:2012_1
[2]. ANSYS user manual 16.1.
[3]. American national standard (ANSI/ASSE Z359.14-2014) Safety Requirements.
[4]. Port technology reference.
[5]. Dr.Sadhu Singh.(2011). Theory of Elasticity, 6th ed.Sudha Publication, India..

Abstract: The combustion process of fuel in the internal combustion engine produces exhaust gases at the end of each cycle. The exhaust gases compose of harmful emissions like CO, HC and NOx. The emissions concentration depends on the number of varying parameters of the combustion of fuel in the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gases cause to the pollution of atmosphere which is a problem every nation is suffering to the effects caused by emissions from the automobiles, either from two stroke engines or from engines operating at four stroke, either diesel or gasoline engine. Therefore, the need of the hour is to reduce the harmful emissions from the exhaust gases by exposing the exhaust gases to react with the catalyst and reduce the concentration of the emissions.......

Keywords: Activated charcoal, Aluminium silicate, Emissions, Exhaust pipe, Sodium silicate.

[1]. Smog — Who Does It Hurt? What You Need to Know About Ozone and Your Health (EPA-452/K-99-001)" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. July 1999

[2]. Monil Shah, Chirag Mistry, Naresh Shimpi, Emission Norms (Case Study) International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064

[3]. Gurwinder Singh, Shubham Parmar & Dr.Radhey Sham, Effects of EGR and other technologies to reduce emissions in IC engines –A Review Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research(IJIR)

[4]. Aluminium silicate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_silicate

[5]. Activated carbon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_carbon

Abstract: Space vehicles will be subjected to high intensity impact during different stages of its course of application. High intensity explosive devices will be used in these vehicles for serving various functions like stage separation. These explosive devices will be attached to the space vehicles and once they are initiated high intensity impact will get produced due to explosion which will get transmitted to space vehicles. Sub systems of these space vehicles will be designed against this high impact loads. However design adequacy and functional working of these subsystems needs to be ensured before they become passengers of the space vehicles. It is a general practice to do the test by employing real environment explosive devices. But this means of testing calls for risk associated with explosion.......

Keywords: Design configuration, Simulation, Spacecraft etc.

[1] Jung, et.al. "Review of pyroshock wave measurement and simulation for space systems", Science Direct, Volume 45, Issue 4, Pages 631–642, May 2012.
[2] Enrico FILIPPI, "Pyroshock Simulation Using The Alcatel Etca Test Facility", Launch Vehicle Vibrations. First European Conference, Dec. 14-16, 1999.
[3] Vesta I. Bateman, et.al. "JXgh Frequency Mechanical Pyroshocks Simulation for Payload Systems", OSTI technical report, 1999.
[4] Behnam Houshmand, "A novel excitation method for pyroshock simulation", Journal of vibration and control, 2014.
[5] Martin Johnson, "Development of a Shock Test Facility for Qualification of Space Equipment", MS thesis, Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Dynamics, Chalmers University of Technology, 2012.

Abstract: Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is highly useful in congested reinforced structures where vibration or compaction prove difficult. It's a concrete that can flow, consolidate under its own weight and completely fill the formwork without further vibration. In this research, laboratory investigation of SCC mix prepared from three different recipe set of aggregates (20mm, 12.5mm, and 10mm) down size and mix designed for 1: 11/2: 3 mixing proportion with w/b ratio of 0.56 and Sulphonated Naphthalene Formaldehyde dosage (1.2% by weight of cement) was affirmed based on field trial. The SNF acting as Super plasticizer (Water Reducing Agent) and influence of the admixture was examined via the workability tests........

Keywords: Aggregate, Curing, Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), Sulphonated Naphthalene Formaldehyde, Plasticizer, Strength, and Workability.

[1]. A. Stephan, E. Gilles, W. Vincent, Estimates of self-compacting concrete potential durability Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier Science, 21(10), 2007, 1909 – 1917.
[2]. Nehdi, M., Bassuoni, M.T, Benefits, limitations and research needs of self compacting concrete
[3]. technology in the Arabian Gulf: a holistic view. Paper presented at the annual concrete technology & corrosion protection conference, Dubai, UAE, Nov. 2004
[4]. W. Zhu, J. Bartos, Permeation properties of self compacting concrete. Cement Concrete Res 33(6), 2003, 921 – 926.
[5]. P.W. Birkeland, and H.W. Birkeland, Connections in Precast Concrete Construction, ACI Journal 63,(3), 1966, 345-368.

Abstract: During these last years the current concerns about global warming and depletion of fossil resources have renewed the interest of the development of renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. Among them, solar energy holds a privileged position thanks to its technological progress and its associated costs comparatively low. The use of the technique based on the solar tower chimney effect has proved to be a promising approach for future applications.......

Keywords: Solar tower, solar energy, renewable energy, energy efficiency, electric power.

[1]. Document prepared by the Directorate General of Strategy and Prospective Sonelgaz Group (May 2011)
[2]. Xinping Zhou, Fang Wang, Reccab Mr Ochieng. 2010. A review of solar chimney power technology. Renewable and Sustainable
[3]. Energy Reviews 14, 2315-2338
[4]. Perrin. De Brichambaut 1984. Evaluation of a solar energy field and Tec Doc
[5]. Zidani C., F. and B. Benyarou Benyoucef, 2003. Simulations of the apparent position of the sun and solar energy estimate incident on photovoltaic flat collector for the city of Tlemcen (Algeria). Review renewables Vol.6, 69-76.

Abstract: In India 80 percent of power generation is from coal fired thermal power plants. To fulfil the deficiency of electrical energy further enhancement of power plants is taking place, thereby causing severe air pollution. Present investigation deals with the enhancement of power generation in the existing power plants by incorporating the MHD system and also which reduces the air pollution problem. In MHD generator, electrically conducting fluid plasma (flue gases of power plant at very high temperature) is passed through a strong magnetic field there by generating electricity. It is predicted that by incorporating MHD system in Tuticorin thermal power plant, 10% of extra power can be generated along with the usual generation. By attaching this MHD system in all thermal power plants in India, we can add 10% extra production of electrical energy to the current generation........

Keywords: Electrical Energy; MHD Generator; Plasma; Magnetic Field; Thermal Power Plant

[1]. Borghi, C.A. and Ribani, P.L.;"MHD steam Thermal Power Plant Electrical Station with Zero Stack Emission". IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 11, No.1, pp.194-199(1996).
[2]. G.D Rai, "Non – conventional energy resources", 2008, pp.667-670.
[3]. Inui, Y.et al .; "Preliminary study of the performance characteristics of an MHD generator for the compact fusion advanced Rankine cycle", Fusion Engrg. Des. 9, pp.451-455(1989).
[4]. Ishikawa, M. and Umoto, J.; "Environmentally Attractive Oxygen-coal-Fired MHD steam combined system with CO2 Recovery", Energy Conversion and Management, 34, No.8, pp.597-605(1993).
[5]. Kolodziej, P., Bowles, J.V., and Roberts, C.,1998, "Optimizing Hypersonic Sharp Body Concepts from a Thermal Protection System Prespective",8th, AIAA Paper No. 98-1610.

Abstract: Fresh water is the basic requirement of human life. Water for drinking purpose, industrial and agricultural purposes demands ample quantity of fresh water. The solar desalination systems have the advantage of low maintenance and operational cost. In spite of high investment cost of solar stills, they are friendly to the nature. In the present article, a modified stepped solar still has been designed, fabricated and tested. The modification includes fabricating steps on which small earthen lamps are placed. The maximum temperature on the steps was found to be 67ºC. In case of conventional solar still the maximum temperature recorded was 53ºC. The maximum temperature of water at the steps was 26.41% higher than the basin temperature of conventional solar still. The maximum productivity of the modified solar still was 326.66% higher than conventional solar still. The optimum water input flow was found to be 250 ml/hr.

[1]. El-Zahaby A.M, Kabeel A, Bakry A.I, El-agouz S, Hawam O.M, "Augmentation of solar still performance using flash evaporation", Desalination 257 (2010) pp 58–65.
[2]. Ziabari Fatemeh Bakhtiari, Sharak Ashkan Zolfaghari, Moghadam Hamid, Tabrizi Farshad Farshchi, "Theoretical and experimental study of cascade solar stills", Solar Energy 90 (2013) pp 205–211.
[3]. http://www.ceemeng.mit.edu/Stevens.pdf.
[4]. Velmurugan V, Pandiarajan S, Guruparan P, Subramanian L. Harihara, Prabaharan C. David, Srithar K, "Integrated performance of stepped and single basin solar stills with mini solar pond", Desalination 249 (2009) pp 902–909.
[5]. Velmurugan V, Gopalakrishnan M, Raghu R, Srithar K, "Single basin solar still with fin for enhancing productivity", Energy Conversion and Management 49 (2008) pp 2602–2608.