iosr-JMCE   Volume-17 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. - Feb. 2020

Abstract: Background: Managing risk is very essential parameter for successful construction projects. It plays a key role in decision making. Identification of the risk factors relevant to construction works of Pakistan will help the researchers and practitioners for preparing strategy to control risks and achieve success. Materials and Methods: Investigation was done through interviewing seven senior practitioners working at managerial level from client, consultant and contractor organizations. Structured interviews were conducted with a form prepared based on 52 risk factors identified from literature. Frequency analysis of the data revealed that all the identified factors have relevancy with construction works of Pakistan.
Results: From statistical analysis of......

Keywords: Construction Industry, Risk, Risk factors, Construction Works, Pakistan, Sindh

[1]. MemonKR, MemonNA, Memon, AHand SoomroNI. Factors Affecting Productivity of Skilled Workers in Construction Works, International Journal of Modern Research in Engineering and Management. 2019; 11(2):88-93
[2]. SoomroNI, Memon NA, Memon AH and MemonKR. Assessing Effectiveness of Project Delivery Systems in Construction Projects of Sindh, International Journal of Modern Research In Engineering and Management. 2019; 11(2):119-123
[3]. Baghdadi, A and Kishk, M, Saudi Arabian Aviation construction projects: Identification of risks and their consequences, Procedia Engineering. 2015; 123:32-40
[4]. El-Karim MSBH, El-NawawyOAM and Abdel-Alim, A. M, Identification and assessment of risk factors affecting construction projects, Housing and Building National Research Centre, 2015
[5]. Kartam NA and Kartam SA, Risk and its management in the Kuwaiti construction industry: a contractor's perspective, International Journal of Project Management. 2001; 19:325-335

Abstract: Background: In aircraft applications, engine and nozzle are the two main components which produce high level of noise. The engine noise is predominantly occurred due to piston and otheractuation of subcomponents. Whereas the noise due to nozzle is occurred by mingling of air streams at various temperature and speed. Methods: In this project study, chevron nozzle is studied which is used in aircraft application. And also, theoretical analysis is performed to obtain effective design parameters of chevron nozzle. Hence, Various design of chevron nozzle is modelled by SOLIDWORKS software. The end shape of nozzle is changed such that saw tooth triangular shape is modified by various dimensions and shape. Then, the designed various nozzle is analyzed by ANSYS FLUENT software. In this project, Acoustic power and velocity of those models are calculated and compared for getting efficient model.......

Key Word: Chevron nozzle; CFD analysis; Aircraft engine; Acoustic power

[1]. Callender, B., Gutmark, E., and Martens, S., "A Far-Field Investigation into Chevron Nozzle Mechanisms and Trends," AIAA Paper 2003–1058, 2003.
[2]. Mabe, J.H., Cabell, R.H., and Butler, G.W., "Design and Control of a Morphing Chevron for Takeoff and Cruise Noise Reduction," AIAA Paper 2005–2889, 2005.
[3]. Callender, B., Gutmark, E., and Martens, S., "A PIV Flow Field Investigation of Chevron Nozzle Mechanisms," AIAA Paper 2004–191, 2004.
[4]. Callender, B., Gutmark, E., and Martens, S., "A Near-Field Investigation into Chevron Nozzle Mechanisms," AIAA Paper 2003–3210, 2003.
[5]. Bridges, J. and Brown, C.A., "Parametric Testing of Chevrons on Single-flow Hot Jets," AIAA Paper 2004–2824, 2004

Abstract: Concrete that contains self-healing supplementary materials is a feature of many sustainable structuresbecause it decreases maintenance costs and extends service life. Conventional concretes exposed to cracking during tension that is problem. The cracks on the concrete surfaceallow the liquids to pierce inside causing collapse of the structures of concrete. Because of the cost, the challenges and time consumingof concrete structures'renovation and restoration, self-healing concrete solves the problem by healing this cracks on the surface. This concrete is characterized asfriend -environment and controlling the inner part of cracks by releasing the calcium carbonate. This paper aims to reveal the healing ratio of crack by using biological factors to improve the concrete nature.....

Keywords: Bioconcrete, Self-Healing Compound, Cracks in Concrete, Corrosion of Steel, Repairs, Maintenance.

[1]. G.T.a.J. Jacobs, Concrete Repairs: Performance in Service and Current Practice, IHS BRE Watford Press, UK, 2010.
[2]. D. Carolyn, Matrix cracking repair and filling using active and passive modes for smart timed release of chemicals from fibers into cement matrices, Smart Mater. Struct.3 (2) (1994) 118.
[3]. C.M. Dry, Three designs for the internal release of sealants, adhesives, and waterproofing chemicals into concrete to reduce permeability, Cement Concr. Res. 30 (12) (2000) 1969–1977.
[4]. H.M. Jonkers, A. Thijssen, G. Muyzer, Copuroglu, E. Schlangen, Application of. Bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete, Ecol.Eng. 36 (2) (2010) 230–235.
[5]. V.C. Li, Y.M. Lim, Y.-W. Chan, Feasibility study of a passive smart self-healingcementitious composite, Compos. B Eng. 29 (6) (1998) 819–827.

Abstract: Affordable housing is a term used to describe dwelling units whose total housing costs are demand " Affordable" to a group of people within a specified income range. In building the foundation, walls, doors, windows, floors and roofs are the most important components, which can be analyzed individually, based on the needs thus, improving the speed of construction cost, based on the criteria of design. We have attempted to design a low cost housing building using an innovative construction technique called RAMMED EARTHEN BRICK. Rammed Earthen Brick. is a new materials for structural systems; the idea for improvement of stability of soil by using wooden husk and the artificial material like polyfiber are used. In this paper we will attempt to study compressive strength of IInd class burnt clay brick and rammed earthen brick.

Keywords:- Rammed earthen brick, Poly fiber, wooden husk, compressive strength, eco friendly

[1]. IS :1077 (1992)-Common burnt brick specification.
[2]. IS :456 (2001) – For testing of bricks.
[3]. Building materials By SK Duggal
[4]. Building materials and construction by SS bhavikatti.
[5]. Building construction By Rangawala
[6]. Building construction By BC punmia

Abstract: This paper elaborates the innovation of Eco batteries. Batteries are the electrochemical power sources which convert chemical energy into electrical energy. These are also considered as a storehouse for electrical energy. Batteries are a major technological challenge because they are one of the major sources for efficient energy storage in this new era. Li-ion&Lithium batteries are leading today's world because they are more efficient and portable in this electronic world Even though there is still a lot of research going on Li-ion&Lithium batteries. Though different types of batteries exist in the market, they are not Eco-Friendly which means it cannot be decomposed after disposal. I started an experimental-Work on constructing the battery with Eco-Friendly chemical.......

Keywords:- Battery, Electrochemical, Eco, Electrical, Energy, Storage.

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_energy_storage
[2]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/chemical-energy-storage
[3]. https://www.intechopen.com/books/energy-storage-technologies-and-applications/electrochemical_energy_storage
[4]. http://www.eai.in/ref/ct/ees/ees.html
[5]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/mechanical-energy-storage

Abstract: This article presents the results of a research campaign on the quality and criteria for the use of pyroclastic products in hydraulic concretes and road construction. Their knowledge makes it possible to predict their behaviour in concrete and under other mechanical stresses. The experimental results obtained on screened samples of these aggregates shows good shock resistance and frictional wear. The Los Angeles (LA) coefficients for the 6.3/10 and 10/14 fractions are 19 and 19.80 respectively. As for wet abrasion, for the same granular fractions, the micro Deval coefficients (MDE) of 8.20 and 7 respectively are observed. The sand friability test on the 0.2/4 leads to coefficient of friability of the sand (Fs) of 10.30. These hardness coefficient values are all below 20 and therefore meet the specifications in force for the manufacture of hydraulic and bituminous concretes. The 28-day simple compressive strength values of hydraulic concrete formulated according to the Dreux-Gorisse method with different 42,5R Portland cement dosages of 300 kg/m³, 350 kg/m³ and 400 kg/m³ are 31.50 MPa, 34.32 MPa and 44.24.......

Key Words: mechanics, Characterization, pyroclastic products, civil engineering

[1]. M. Ba, (2012) « Comportement Mécanique sous sollicitations Cycliques de Granulats Quartzitiques de Ba-kel-Comparaison avec des Matériaux de Référence du Sénégal et d'Amérique (USA): Application au Dimensionnement Mécanistique des Chaussées Souples, » Thèse de Doctorat Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, pp.239.
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[3]. M. Vouffo, K. Djoumen et al. ―Physical Characterization of Granite Alteration Products for Use In Civil Engineering" Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018 (23.01), pp 301-313.
[4]. Olivry J.C., 1986. Fleuves et rivières du Cameroun. Collection monographie hydrologie. ORSTOM. Paris, 733p.
[5]. Sols: reconnaissance et essais. Détermination de la teneur en eau pondérale des matériaux. Méthode par étuvage. Norme française NF P 94-050, Septembre 1995, AFNOR, Paris.

Abstract: This paper was aimed at developing mathematical models for the prediction of stability and flow properties of Hot Mix Asphalt with cement as the filler material. The Scheffe's simplex lattice theory was used in the development of the mix design and optimization models of the stability and flow properties. For a four component mixture, the (4, 2) simplex lattice was used with the four (4) representing the number of constituent material and the two (2) representing the degree of assumed polynomial. The developed models were subjected to validity tests using the F-Statistics. From the analysis of results, the mathematical models developed proved adequate at 5% level of significance and can be relied upon in the prediction/optimization of the properties of HMA..

Keywords;Scheffe's simplex lattice, Stability, Flow, HMA, Marshal mix design

[1]. Mathew, T. V. and Krishna, K. V. R., (2007): "Introduction to Transportation Engineering". s.l.:s.n.
[2]. Fuller, W. and Thomson, S. (1907) The Laws of Proportioning Concrete. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, LIX, 67-143
[3]. Orie, O.U. and Osadebe, N.N. (2009). "Optimization of the Compressive Strength of Five Component Concrete Mix using Scheffe's Theory-A Case of Mound Soil Concrete" Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 14, pp81-92.
[4]. Onuamah P.N. (2015a). Modelling and Optimization of the Compressive Strength of Lateritic Concrete Using Scheffe's Theory. 10SR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN). Vol. 5(5) pp 74-86.
[5]. Onuamah, P.N. (2015b). "Development and Optimization of Mechanical Strength Model of Cement. Laterite-Sand Hollow Sandcrete Blocks". Int. Journal of Science and Engineering Research. Vol. 6(5), ISSN 2229-5518

Abstract: The present paper investigate the dynamic analysis for the flexural vibration of Euler-Bernoulli (EB) axially preloaded beams subjected to various harmonic forces. The governing flexural vibration equation and related boundary conditions for the beams are derived using Hamilton's variational principle. The exact closed form solution is consequently used to develop a family of exact shape functions which exactly satisfy the homogeneous solution of the governing field equation. A super-convergent two-noded finite beam element based on exact shape functions is then formulated. The proposed beam element developed involves no special discretization errors normally encountered,,,,

Key Words: Static axial force, preloaded beam, steady state response, harmonic excitations, exact shape functions, super-convergent finite beam element

[1]. Banerjee J R, Williams F W., Coupled bending–torsional dynamic stiffness matrix for Timoshenko beam elements. Computers and Structures 1992, 42, 301–310.
[2]. Banerjee J R, Williams F W., Coupled bending–torsional dynamic stiffness matrix of an axially loaded Timoshenko beam element.
International Journal of Solids and Structures 1994, 31, 749–762.
[3]. Hashemi S M, Richard M J., Free vibrational analysis of axially loaded bending–torsion coupled beams: a dynamic finite element. Computers and Structures 2000, 77, 711–24.
[4]. Banerjee J R., Explicit Modal Analysis of an Axially Loaded Timoshenko Beam with Bending-Torsion Coupling. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2000, 67, 307–313.
[5]. Li J., Hua H., Shen R. and Jin X., Dynamic response of axially loaded mono-symmetrical thin-walled Bernoulli–Euler beams, Thinwalled Structures, 2004, 42, 1689-1707.

Abstract: This work on analysis of the mechanical Properties of Tin fibers on concrete is based on experimental investigationcarried out on various percentages of Tin fiber and Concrete mixture. The use of concrete is influenced by its high resistance to compressive load and low resistance to tensile force, however, the composite of concrete and tin fiber possesses a higher resistance to tensile force when compared to the non-composite concrete. The tin fibers when combined with concrete, links any crack created by tensile stress within the concrete and thwarts any widening that may tend to occur.These tin fibers derived from waste mineral cans have economic and environmental benefits; they improve the mechanical properties of concrete without increasing the cost of production while reducing the quantity of unused waste mineral cans in the environment. The analysis investigates the effect......

Keywords: Tin fiber, Mechanical properties, Flexural strength, Tensile strength, Compressive strength, Concrete.

[1]. Ahmed Faisal Oan (2019), "An Investigation on using Pop-Cans Wastes Fibers on the Mechanical Propertiesof Concrete", International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS), Vol. VIII, Issue V, May, 2019, pp 74 -78
[2]. NursyamsiandLuhutParulianBagariang (2014), "The Utilizationof can Waste as Fibre and the Addition of Fly Ash to MechanicalCharacteristic of Concrete", Journal of Civil Engineering Research, Vol. 4., pp 187-190.
[3]. Muhammad AkramAkhund, Abdullah Sannd, UroosaMemonandShamotra Jai Oad (2017), "Utilization of Soft Drink Tins as FiberReinforcement in concrete ", Engineering Science and TechnologyInternational Research Journal, Vol.1, No.2, June, 2017, pp 47-52.
[4]. J.RajPrasad, V.Anuradha and P.Gridharan (2016), "ExperimentalInvestigation on Fibre Reinforced Concrete using WasteMaterials", International Journal of Engineering Trends andTechnology (IJETT) , Vol. 34, No. 3, April, 2016, pp 100-105.
[5]. J Ilya and C CheowChea (2017), "Mechanical behaviour of fibrereinforced concrete using soft –drink can", Journal of MaterialsScience and Engineering, Vol. 271.