iosr-JNHS   Volume-5 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2016

Abstract:Background: utilization of evidence- based nursing practice guidelines during second stage of labor has become a basic women's' health needs, in order to decrease risks for both women and neonates. Aim of the study: to evaluate the implication of applying evidence- based nursing practice guidelines during second stage of labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes. A Quasi-experimental design was adopted in the present study. Setting: The study was conducted at the normal vaginal delivery unit at the obstetric department at Benha University Hospital during the period from January 2015 to April 2015.

[1]. Troy NW, Dalgas-Pelish P.(1997): The natural evolution of postpartum fatigue among a group of primiparous women. Clin Nurs Res; 6:126-41.

[2]. Hansen SL, Clark SL, Foster JC. Active pushing versus passive fetal descent in the second stage of labor: A randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol 2002;99(2):29–34.

[3]. Plunkett BA, Lin A, Wong CA, Grobman WA, Peaceman AM. Management of the second stage of labor in nulliparas with continuous epidural analgesia. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102(1):109–14.
[4]. Nursing care and management of the second stage of labor, second edition.This guideline updates a previous version: Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN). Nursing management of the second stage of labor. Evidence -based clinical practice guideline.

Abstract:Background: shoulder pain is a common complaint following gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Aim of this study: was to evaluate the effect of heating pads and early mobilization for relieving shoulder pain and enhancing the recovery of women undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery.An experimental design was adopted in the present study. Setting: The study was conducted at the gynecological unit at the obstetric department at Benha University Hospital during the period from March, 2015 to June, 2015. Subjects: a systematic random sample of 343 women undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery was randomly allocatedto two groups. Heating pads and early mobilization group and control group

[1]. Dutta DC.(2008):textbook of gyneacology,5thedition.India:NewCenteralBookAgency. [2]. Kojima Y, Yokota S, Ina H. (2004); Shoulder pain after gynaecological laparoscopy caused by arm abduction. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 21(7): 578-579. [3]. Fredman B, Jedeikin R &Olfsanger D.(1994);Residual pneumoperitoneum: a cause of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesth.Analg ,79:152-154.
[4]. Phelps P, Cakmakkaya OS, Apfel CC, Radke OC. (2008);A simple clinical maneuver to reduce laparoscopy-induced shoulder pain: a randomized controlled trial. ObstetGynecol ;111:1155-60.
[5]. Jasim M S., Issam M., and Salam NA., (2012); The efficacy of active gas suctioning to decrease the residual co2for preventing post laparoscopic cholecystectomy shoulder pain, Bas J Surg, September, 18.

Abstract:Food borne illness seems to become more common in Malaysia. Thus, food handlers as the most important person need to play their role in providing safe food for their customers. Hence, nowadays it is compulsory for them to undergo food training course in order to gain knowledge on food and personal hygiene. However, not only training can affect level of knowledge but also working experience and socio-demographic characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between socio-demographic factors, working experience and training status with knowledge level towards food and personal hygiene among 180 food handlers who attended the vaccination programme in Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL) clinic.

[1]. Van Tonder, I., Lues, J., & Theron, M. (2007). The personal and general hygiene practices of food handlers in the delicatessen sections of retail outlets in South Africa. Journal Of Environmental Health, 70(4), 33—38.
[2]. Haji Zainal Abidin, D. (2014). Typhoid Vaccination. DBKL.
[3]. Ministry of Health,. (2009). Statistik – Fakta Kesihatan. Retrieved 10 April 2014, from http://moh.gov.my/v/stats_si
[4]. M\olbak, K., & Neimann, J. (2002). Risk factors for sporadic infection with Salmonella Enteritidis, Denmark, 1997--1999. American Journal Of Epidemiology, 156(7), 654--661.
[5]. Abdul-Mutalib, N., Abdul-Rashid, M., Mustafa, S., Amin-Nordin, S., Hamat, R., & Osman, M. (2012). Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding food hygiene and sanitation of food handlers in Kuala Pilah, Malaysia. Food Control, 27(2), 289--293.
[6]. Tan, S., Bakar, F., Abdul Karim, M., Lee, H., & Mahyudin, N. (2013). Hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes and practices among food handlers at primary schools in Hulu Langat district, Selangor (Malaysia). Food Control, 34(2), 428--435.
[7]. Jianu, C., & Chi\cs, C. (2012). Study on the hygiene knowledge of food handlers working in small and medium-sized companies in western Romania. Food Control, 26(1), 151--156.

Abstract:Background: Nurses in particular are often exposed to various infections during the course of carrying out their nursing activities. Therefore nurses should have sound knowledge and strict adherence to infection control practice.aim of the study: was to measure the effect of nursing guide line on compliance of medical surgical nursing students regarding infection control measures at faculty of nursing Menofia University. Subject and methods: Quasi-experimental research design with pre, post and follow up was used to achieve the aim of the study. Setting: The study was carried out at university hospital during training of nursing students, Menofia University.-

[1]. Eskander H G., Morsy W Y., Elfeky H A: Intensive Care Nurses' Knowledge & Practices Regarding Infection Control Standard Precautions At A Elected Egyptian Cancer Hospital. Journal Of Education And Practice. 2013; 4 (19):160-174
[2]. Bouallègue O., Naija W., Said H., Nouria A., Jaidane N., Dhidah L., and Boujaafar N: Incidence of ICU acquired nososcomial infections in University Hospital of Sahloul (Sousse-Tunisia). Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2013; 2 (1):P233.
[3]. Labrague LJ., Rosales RA., And Tizon MM: Knowledge of and Compliance with Standard Precautions among Student Nurses .International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 2012.1: (2).84-97.
[4]. Ghalya H A.,& Ibrahim Y:. Knowledge, Attitudes and Sources of Information among Nursing Students toward Infection Control and Standard Precautions. Life Science Journal 2014;11(9).Pp 249-260
[5]. Cole M. (2007). Infection control: world's apart primary and secondary care. British journal of community nursing 12(7):301,303-306.
[6]. Hugonnet, S., Chevrolet, J., Pittet, D. The effect of workload on infection risk in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. Jan. 2007; 35(1):76-81.

Abstract:The article focuses on application of the problem solving model of case work proposed and developed by Helen parispearlman's [1964],The four P's of case work practice: Person, Place, Problem and Process are discussed in the Indian context. The model has been effectively administered on five elderly women residing in a welfare institution at Chennai.The effort indicates that Pearlman's Model can be successfully adopted in the Indian setting by integrating direct and indirect practices of case work, suited to our local needs and issues

Key words: Marginalised elderly women, Person, Place, Problem, Process, Direct and In-Direct social case work, Indigenous model.

[1]. Perlman Helan (1957). Social case work : A problem solving process, University of Chicago press, Chicago.
[2]. Mathew Grace (1992). An introduction to social case work, Tata Institute of Social Science, Bombay.
[3]. Sanjay BhattaCharya (2003). Social work : An integrated approach, Deep and Deep publication Pvt Ltd., New Delhi.
[4]. JN Vyas, Niraj Ahuja (1999). Textbook of postgraduate psychiatry, Vol1&2, 2nd Edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi.
[5]. Help age India, Research & Development Journal, Vol 14, No.3, October 2008.

Abstract: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) draws heavily on patients' daily functioning. The disease, treatment and associated demands have a great impact on physical and emotional wellbeing and interfere with patients' social roles. Patients with CKD who are being prepared for, or receive renal replacement therapy often experience difficulties in participating in various domains of life, such as paid work, sports and other social and leisure activities This study aimed to assess and identify the psychosocial health profile among patients with chronic renal failure and shed light social support available for them. The study was carried out at the hemodialysis unit at Assiut university hospital.

[1]. Heijmans, M.J.W.M. & Rijken, P.M. (2004). Social participation of people with chronic renal insufficiency. A literature study on experienced obstacles and opportunities, NIVEL, ISBN 9069056763, Utrecht, The Netherlands
[2]. Brunner L.S.and Suddarth D.S (2000). Textbook of medical – surgical nursing. 8th ed. JB Lippincott comp., Philadelphia, New York, 1238-98.
[3]. Luckmann. J. and Sorensen C. (1993). Medical surgical nursing. A psychological approach. 4th ed. WB Saunders Company, London, Toronto, 1013-93.
[4]. Harwood, L.,Wilson,B.,Locking-Cusolito,H.,Soutrop,J.,&Spittal,J.(2009).Stressors and coping in individuals with chronic kidney disease. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 36(3), 265-276, 301.
[5]. Brundage D.J. and Swearengen P.A. (1994). Chronic renal failure, evaluation and teaching tool. American Nephrology nurses Association, 21 (5): 265-270.
[6]. 6-Beaman M. and AduA. (1995). Acute renal failure. In care of the critically ill patient. 2 nd ed. J. Tinker and M. Zapol, pp. 515-30, Springer, Berlin.

Abstract:Decreased mobility among older women is often related to a combination of impairments in balance and lower limb strength that are also risk factors for falls and dependency in activities of daily living. Studies have shown strength training and proprioception training to be effective in reducing fall risk in elderly women but till so far the combined effect of ankle strengthening and proprioception training on balance in elderly women has not been studied. Hence present study intends to investigate and compare the effects of strengthening of ankle musculature, proprioception training and the combination of the two (ankle strengthening plus proprioception training) on balance performance in elderly women. Thirty elderly women volunteers were divided into 3 groups; Group A received ankle strengthening; Group B received ankle proprioception training and Group C received ankle strengthening plus proprioception training. Outcome measures were Berg Balance Scale(BBS) and Functional Reach Test(FRT). All the experimental groups showed improvement on outcome measures after intervention. Proprioception intervention emerged as an effective component of balance training program in improving the impaired balance of elderly women and combination of proprioception component with ankle strengthening showed better results than ankle strengthening alone.

Keywords: Ankle strengthening, elderly women, fall, proprioception,

[1] N. Carter, P. Kannus, and K.M. Khan, Exercise in the Prevention of Falls in Older People: A Systematic Literature Review Examining the Rationale and the Evidence, Sports Med, 31(6), 2001, 427-438.
[2] S. Honig, Osteoporosis: New Treatments and Updates, Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, 68(3), 2010, 166-170.
[3] T. Suzuki, H. Kim, H. Yoshida, and T. Ishizaki, Randomized controlled trial of exercise intervention for the prevention of falls in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women, Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 22(6), 2004, 602-611. [4] L.J. Baraff, R.D. Penna, N. Williams, and A. Sanders, Practice Guideline for the ED Management of Falls in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 30(4), 1997, 480–492.
[5] J.E. Shepherd, Effects of estrogen on cognition, mood and degenerative brain diseases, J Am Pharm Assoc, 41, 2001, 221-228. As quoted in Z. Gunendi, O.O. Taskiran, and N. Demirsoy, The effect of 4-week aerobic exercise program on postural balance in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, Rheumatol int, 2008 Web Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18648815. [6] L.Z. Rubenstein, and K.R. Josephson, Falls and Their Prevention in Elderly People: What Does the Evidence Show? Med Clin N Am, 90, 2006, 807–824..

Abstract:Objectives: To assess the student's knowledge regarding German measles and effect on pregnancy and it's outcomes. Methodology: A descriptive analytic study has been conducted to university students; the data has been collected through a questionnaire format through interview with the study sample The questionnaire format is comprised of two parts, demographic characteristics and assessment knowledge of university student about German measles. A purposive (nonprobability) sample which consisted of (200) students. Sample which was collected from College of Languages and College of Arts. Data are analyzed through the use Excel (Statistical package) and Descriptive statistic was used to analyze data ..

[1] WHO. 2013a. Rubella factsheet. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs367/en/ (accessed 14 May 2013).
[2] WHO. 2011. Rubella vaccine. WHO Position Paper.Weekly Epidemiological Record 29(86):301–316 http://www.who.int/wer/2011/wer8629.pdf. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rubella. In: Atkinson W et al., eds.Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases, 9th ed. Washington, DC, Public Health Foundation, 2006 (http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/pink-chapters.htm, accessed 15 December 2012).
[4] Edlich RF, Winters KL, Long WB 3rd, Gubler KD. Rubella and congenital rubella (German measles). J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2005;15(3):319–28 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/148498/Green-Book-Chapter-28-v2_0.pdf [6] Best JM. "Rubella". Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2007;12 (3): 182–92.doi:10.1016/j.siny.2007.01.017. PMID 17337363.] [7] Banatvala JE ,Brown DWG . Rubella .lancet.2004 ;363 :1127-37.from en. wikipedia .org Retrieved in 30-2-2014.
[8] Ekblad U. Biological agents and pregnancy. J Occup Environ Med 1995;37(8):962-5 form www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov retrieved in 2-6-2014

Abstract:Objective: Post cesarean section pain is a significant problem so this study aimed to assess the factors affecting of pain intensity after Obstetrics Operations. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on non-probability sample (purposive sample) of (100) women on postpartum who have cesarean section from the period of March 4th 2013 to Jan 6th 2014 at Al-Elwia Maternity Teaching Hospital. A questionnaire was used as a tool of data collection to fulfill with objectives of the study and consisted of three parts, including demographic, reproductive characteristics, factors affecting on pain intensity and use three scales of assess pain intensity (Verbal, Numerical and Facing rating scale). Data are analyzed through the use of Excel (Statistical package). Through the application of descriptive statistical data analysis include (Frequencies, Percentage, Mean and Standard Deviation).

[1]. Bloomfield T. National Collaboration Center for Women‟s and Children‟s Health, Caesarean Section: Clinical Guide London. RCOG; 2004. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report 2005.
[2]. Pérez-Ríos N., Ramos-Valencia G. & Ortiz A.: Cesarean delivery as a barrier for breastfeeding initiation: The Puerto Rican experience [online], J Hum Lact., 2008, 24(3):293-302. Available at: http://jhl.sagepub.com/cgi/content /abstract/24/3/293
[3]. Dihle A, Bjolseth G, Helseth S. The gap between saying and doing in postoperative pain management. J of Clin Nurs. 2006; 15: 469–79.
[4]. Svensson I, Sjostrom B, Haljamae H. Influence of expectations and actual pain experiences on satisfaction with postoperative pain management. Europ J of Pain. 2001; 5: 125–33.

Abstract: This study is intended to assess the bio-psychosocial effects of obstetric fistulas (OF) on women and the subsequent consequences and impacts on relationships and self esteem of affected womenparticularly in northern Ghana. To facilitate effective discussion of findings, literature was reviewed from international, national and local perspectives.A quantitative research technique was used to obtain data in order to assess the stigma, prognosis, psychosocial impact and other challenges of people living with fistulas and receiving treatment at the Tamale Fistula Centre.

[1]. Asante L.A (2006)."The agony of women with fistula‟, the Ghana web, article 112405, 2006-10-19.
[2]. Brunner & suddart (2008). Textbook for medical surgical nursing, 11th edition, Lippincott Kluwer Business, page 1673.
[3]. Daily guide (2006). Women under obstetric attack.Accra. Daily Guide Printing Press
[4]. De Ridder D., et al (2010) Fistulas in the developing world, Belgium. ICS Publications, page 1429.
[5]. Devkumari S.R (2011).Women living with obstetric fistulas and nurses‟ role in preventive measures, in International journal of nursing and midwifery vol. 3(9),pages 152 and 153.
[6]. Gwyneth L&Luc De Dernis (2006), Obstetric fistulas; guiding principles for clinical management and programme development, Sage Publications, pages 3, 4-8.

Abstract:Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is the diseases of human immune system.HIV is transmitted primarily through contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a preventive medical treatment started immediately after exposure to a pathogen. In the case of HIV exposure, post-exposure prophylaxis is a course of antiretroviral drugs which reduces the of seroconversion after events with high risk of exposure to HIV. Post exposure prophylaxis of HIV is the only way to reduce risk of HIV after potential exposure to blood and body fluids.

[1]. Markowitz, edited by William N. Rom; associate editor, Steven B.(2007). Environmental and occupational medicine(4thed.).Philadelphia: Walters' Kluwer/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. p.745. [2]. Nathan ford, Macro Vitoria, Gottfried Hirnschall, Meg Doherty, Journal of the International AIDS Society 2013 Getting to zero HIV deaths: progress, challenges and ways forward. [3]. Nathan ford, Macro Vitoria, Gottfried Hirnschall, Meg Doherty, Journal of the International AIDS Society 2013 Getting to zero HIV deaths: progress, challenges & ways forward. [4]. Boaventura JL, Post-occupational exposure HIV infection in health workers: an update and preventive measures Acta Med Port.1997 Jun-Jul.

Abstract: Official health education initiatives have promoted folic acid (FA) supplementation and a diet rich in folate through mass media, including TV, newspapers, and magazine articles worldwide. Public health campaigns aimed to increase awareness, knowledge, and periconceptional use of FA should concentrate on using appropriate intervention methods worldwide. The CDC recommends that all women of childbearing age consume 0.4 mg of FA per day and 5 mg for women at higher risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). Aim: assess women's levels of knowledge, attitude regarding FA intake.

[1] Goh, I., (2010): Mineral and vitamin supplementation before, during, and after conception.CDC. (2010): CDC grand rounds: additional opportunities to prevent neural tube defects with folic acid fortification. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, Vol. 59(13), PP: (980-4).
[2] Narasimhan, K.L.,(2012 ):Neural Tube Defects – Role of Folate, Prevention Strategies and Genetics.Available from: http:// www. Intech open. com/books/.
[3] Center for Disease Control (CDC), (2010): grand rounds: additional opportunities to prevent neural tube defects with folic acid fortification. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, Vol. 59(13), PP: (980-4).
[4] Waitzman, N.J., P.S. Romano, and S.D. Grosse. (2005): Half-life of cost of illness estimates: the case of Spina bifida. In: D.F. Wyszynski, (Ed.) Neural Tube Defects: From Origin to Treatment Oxford University Press .Health Canada, (2005): Folic acid and birth defects Available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/med /folic-folique-eng.php. Accessed 2009.

Abstract: worldwide breast cancer considered the most conmen type of malignancy among females Avoiding the risk factors can reduce its incidence, and adhering to screening and early detection can reduce its mortality In Iraq, breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy among Iraqi women. It accounts approximately one third of the registered female cancers according to the latest Iraqi Cancer Registry which shows a trend for the disease to be affected younger age groups. Objectives: To assess attitudes of nurses toward early detection of Breast Cancer and to determine the relationship between the socio demographic characteristics & attitudes.

[1]. Ahmad S.; Qureshi N.; AttaS.; etal.: Knowledge ,Attitude and Practice for Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Modalities in Staff Nurses of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad .; J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad ,2011,23(3).
[2]. Iraqi Cancer Registry. Iraqi Cancer Board. Ministry of Health,(2009),Republic of Iraq, 2010
[3]. American Cancer Society, Inc.: Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2005-2006. 2005.
[4]. Retrieved 2007 from http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/CAFF2005BrF.pdf. [Ref list]
[5]. Yavari P.; Pourhoseingholi MA.: Socioeconomic factors association with knowledge and practice of breast self-examination among Iranian women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev ,(2007), 8(4):618-622.
[6]. Burke K M.; LeMone P.; and Mohn-Brown E L.: Medical-surgical nursing care. Pearson; Prentice Hall,(2007), 2nd Edition.
[7]. Latif R.: Knowledge and attitude of Saudi female students towards breast cancer: A cross-sectional study : Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2014,9(4) PP: 328–33