IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-11 ~ Nov-2015

Abstract: The present paper explores the emotional upheavals chronicling around the lives of a Bengali family, while capturing the spirits of revolution run deep in the veins of the major characters in their own distinct way. Attempt has been made to delve into the inner personal struggle against the backdrop of the nation's disturbances, how they faced the turmoil and turbulences of love and betrayal, sin and redemption, exile and return, before they finally tried to come out of it. It studies the universal theme of love and loss, fate and destiny that lay bare behind the popular Naxalite Movement of the 1960s, exploring the individual lives, uncovering the long lasting consequences arising out of a cumbersome youthful decision. Keywords: betrayal, complexities, love, sin, redemption..

[1] Lahiri, Jhumpa. The Lowland.Noida.Random House India, 2013. Print. (All the references from the text have been taken from the same edition).

[2] Leach, Diane. ―The Isolation is from Within in JhumpaLahiri's ‗The Lowland' ―. Popmatters. 4 October, 2013. Web. 20 September, 2015. [

3] Lenfield, Spencer. ―The Art of Losing‖.Open Letters Monthly on Arts and Literature Review.‖Web. 22 September, 2015.

[4] Leyshon, Cressida. ―Unknown Territory: An Interview with JhumpaLahiri.‖ The New Yorker Advance Publications, 18 October, 2013. Web. 1 October, 2015.

Abstract:Indian society is known to have deep-rooted forms of gender inequality built into its structure. In Indian society, women were looked down socially, economically and politically. The socio economic and religious practices prevalent in India over time have created a wide gap between the position of men and women in the society. In the name of culture, tradition and religion women are denied their rightful place in society. However slowly and gradually women in urban India are demanding equal treatment and storming one male bastion after another.

[1]. Arnold, F., Choe,M.K., and Roy,T. (1998).Son Preference, the family-building process and child mortality in India. Population Studies, 52, 301-315.
[2]. Das Gupta, M., Zhenghua, J., Bohua.L., Zhenming,X., Chung,W., and Hwa-Ok, B. (2003).Why is son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? A cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea. Journal of Development Studies, 40, 153-187.
[3]. Dyson, T. and Moore, M. (1983). On kinship structure, female autonomy, and demographic behavior in India. Population and Development Review, 9, 35-60.
[4]. Ebenstein, A. (2014).Patrilocality and Missing Women," Working paper, Hebrew University.
[5]. Holm, J. (1994). Introduction: raising the issues. In: Holm, J. J., Bowker, J. [eds.]: Women in religion (pp. 12–22). New York, Continuum.

Abstract: In the recent decades, tourism development has expanded. Natural beauty, the climate, the culture and the history of a given place have often led to this tourism expansion. One is always quick to point at Ogbunike cave when it comes to caves in Anambra State. But there are other caves, known and unknown. These include Ajalli cave and Owerre Ezukalla cave in Orumba North Local Government Areas of the state. But hardly does anybody mention Ufuma cave. We have decided to take an ethnographic study of this cave and what it offers to the tourism profile of the state. The general relevance of caves to tourism development will be underscored and some proposals made as to how to harness it to boost nature tourism and general tourism development.

[1]. http://www.Anambra. Retrieved on 23 March, 2012 from www.anambrastate.org.
[2]. http://Cave. Retrieved on 23 March, 2012 from www.wikipedia.org/cave
[3]. Christ, C., Hillel, O., Matus, S. and Sweetings, J. (2003). Tourism and Biodiversity: Mapping Tourism‟s Global Footprint. Washington DC: United Nations Environment Program and Conservation International.
[4]. Ibeanu A.M and Umeji O. (2001). Aspects of the Paleocology of Okigwe Cuesta Eastern Nigeria. West African Journal of Archaeology 3(1).
[5]. Ibeanu, A.M. (2006). Okigwe Sacred Caves: Human Use and Tourism Potentials. In Okpoko P.U. (ed.) Issues in Tourism Planning and Development. Nsukka: Afro- Orbis Publishing Co. Ltd. Pp.323-329.
[6]. Itanyi, E.I., Okonkwo E.E., Eyisi, A. (2013). A Preliminary Study of Caves, Rockshelter and Waterfall.Journal of Tourism and Heritage Studies2 (1).pp32-43.

Abstract: Today, Dramatic changes and transformations has happened in theories sociology similar to other areas.We have seen in recent sociological theories emerging paradigms of integrated. Social research methods are not exempt from this rule. Simplification of complex social problems cannot be easily by a deterministic selection approach to both qualitative and quantitative methods. Therefore, since the condition of today's postmodern discourse of diversity technique, Selection mixed research approach is a methodological necessity in the social sciences. Today, the simultaneous use of both quantitative and qualitative methods is justified.As mentioned, the mixed researchapproach qualitative and quantitative methods are combined by each other.The main objective of this paper is to introduce integrated research approach and review of advantage and disadvantage mentioned method.

[1]. Niyazi.M,Mixed methods research, the thirdmovementmethodologyin the social sciences, Journal of Iranian Social Studies2,2011,184-160.
[2]. Creswell ,J.W. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed approaches(Thousand Osaks, Sage,2003). [3]. Tashakkori,A.&Teddlie,C. Handbook of Mixed methods in Social and behavioral research(Thousand Osaks: Sage,2003). [4]. Rocco,Tonette S And et.al(2003): Taking the Next Step: Mixed Methods Research in Organizational Systems, Information Technology, Learning and Performance Journal,vol.21,2003, 19-29. [5]. Johnson,R.B&Turner,L.A. Data Collection Strategies in mixed methods research(San Francisco: J Ossey- Boss,2003). [6]. Hosseininasab, S.D. Qualitative research and mixed them with Quantitative research(Tabriz University, Faculty of Education and Psychology,Unpoblished.2002).

Abstract: Representation of history in film and television may have varied approachs and this difference of approach can be seen in the very use of word Discovery by Nehru in his title for the book "Discovery of India‟ compared to Director Shyam Benegal‟s use of the word Khoj in the title of his serial "Bharat ek Khoj‟. Nehru himself writes that he "approached India via the west". So where discovery is talking about the object found; Khoj on the other hand points towards the process of constantly finding.

[1]. Nukkad Janam Samvad. Vol II/III. People's art in twentieth century. Delhi July 99 – Sept 2000.
[2]. Rajadhyaksha, Ashish. Journal of Arts and Ideas. Tulika Print communication. New Delhi 1993.
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[3]. Benjamin, Walter (ed) Illustrations, Fontana Press. London, 1992.
[4]. Berger, John. Ways of Seeing, Penguin books, London, 1972.
[5]. Carroll, Noel of Philosophy of Mass art. Clarendon Press Oxford. New York, 1998.
[6]. Chakravarty, Sumita S. National Identity in India popular cinema 1947 – 1987. Oxford university. Delhi 1996.
[7]. Chatman, Seymour. Story and discourse Cornell University. London, 1980.

Abstract: Youth participation in volunteerism is a hidden approach that empowers them socially and psychologically, the positive effect in Nigeria is very high, because it promotes mutual cohesion among members of different background, level of education, ethnicity, culture, needs, aspiration and values. It also creates conscious future generation that will take the country to a greater height. However, studies regarding youth volunteerism in Nigeria are very scarce and the population of youth is increasing at alarming rate with a projected population of 2015 of about 56 million out which accounts for about 40% of the total population.

[1]. Adesoji, A. (2010). The Boko haram uprisng and Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria. Africa spectrum,45(2). {Online} at http://www.jstor.org/stable/25798918, retrived on 23rdApril, 2015.
[2]. Ahmad Salim, A.-H. (2005). Student involvement in volunteering activities: a case study at the Faculty of Human Ecology UPM. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
[3]. Ali, H. (2002). Volunteerism and the Development of Malaysian Social Care System. International Council on Social Welfare , 101-109.
[4]. Bichi, A. A (2010b). Issues and trends in community development and participation. Trends in Education Research. Zaria, ABU Press.
[5]. Borneo Post, (2011).Spirit of Volunteerism Declining. Retrieved from Borneo Post Online: http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/11/06/%e2%80%98spirit-of-volunteerism-declining%e2%80%99/#ixzz29cNCvQBa
[6]. Boz, I. (2007). Factors influencing the motivation of Turkey's community volunteers. Non-profit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly .
[7]. Brewis, G., Russell, J., & Holdsworth, C. (2010). Bursting the Bubble: Students, Volunteering and the Community Research Summary. Institute for Volunteering Research.

Abstract: Traditional medicine continued to play an important role in Nigeria, the country made great strides through health policies, plans and programmes to facilitate the provision of modern health care to its population in the years since 1946, World War II, after independence and currently Nigeria vision 2020. Among the most notable missions were the expansion of medical education, the improvement of public care, the control of many communicable diseases and disease vectors and provision of primary healthcare in many urban and rural areas.

[1]. Dlakwa, H.D. (1996). Introduction to Health Services Administration. PAD 106 Reading manual, Department of Public Administration, University of Maiduguri
[2]. Federal Ministry of Health (FMO) (1988). The National Health Policy and Strategy to Achieve health for All Nigerians
[3]. Paul, Y.M. (2009). National Health Policy and Administration in Nigeria. Handbook, University of Maiduguri, Department of Public Administration
[4]. WHO 4th Report on World health Situations Vol. 2 African Regional office, Brazzaville, 1984

Abstract: Development has become the global 'civil religion', since the past 40 years- and a battle cry for all nations - rich or poor, strong or weak. It is a long and complex evolutionary process-more a process of social change rather than merely generation and accumulation of material resources. Scholars have proposed various theories and models while development agencies set various goals for the development of nations and some of the theories have failed to yield results and new theories that emerged have tried to offer solutions to speed up development.

[1]. Bhattacharjee. Ajit. (2003). Gandhi‟s media Values. Vidura, 40 (2):p 21.
[2]. Brighton, Paul Foy, Dennis. (2007). News Values. London: Sage Publication.
[3]. Chalapathi Rao, M. (1982). "Social Change and unchanging Press‟, Link, August 15.
[4]. Cohen. Bernard (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy, Princeton University Press.
[5]. Desai, A.R. (1993). Social Background of Indian Nationalism. (Second Edition), Bombay: Popular Prakashan.
[6]. Devereux, Eoin. (2003). Understanding the Media. London: Sage Publications. pp 116-130

Abstract: The research sought to establish the state of service delivery in the Mashonaland West town of Chegutu. The following main question was central to the research: How do stakeholders perceive service delivery from Chegutu Municipality? The study raises awareness on the part of service providers, to take stock of existing service delivery and then come up with strategies to improve the services. The study aims to influences policy review regarding service delivery. The mixed method approach was used basing on its ability to combine qualitative and quantitative data that was required in this study. Interviews, questionnaires, observation and focus discussion groups were used to gather data.

[1]. Alexander, P. (2010), Rebellion of the poor: South Africa‟s Service delivery Protests – A preliminary Analysis. Review of African Political Economy. Volume 37, Issue 123. [2]. Aminuzzaman, S. M. (2010), Environment policy of Bangladesh: A case study of an ambitious policy with implementation snag. South Asia Climate Change Forum organized by Monash Sustainability Institute, Monash University, Australia (p 5-9)
[3]. Bovaird, T. and Loffler, E. (2002), Moving from Excellence Models of Local Service Delivery to Benchmarking (good local governance). International Review of Administrative Sciences [0020 – 8523 (200 203)68: 1] Sage Publications, (London)
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[5]. Chirisa, I. (2009), Increased squalor in Urban and Peri-urban Zimbabwe. Assessing the Rhetoric, Practices and Contradictions of the Government of National Unity, Southern 115

Abstract: A woman in India is associated to the natural resources of the nation. Though, women still yearns to have a social status, she is not allowed to take decisions on her own; always the society expects her to remain silent as she is the weaker sex. The status of a woman and her quality of life gradually developed. Under the Indian context, Homemaker is mainly a woman who is confined to the domestic chores in a family. On the other way, men in order to provide his family a good standard of living and comfortable life, spend less quality time with their families.

[1]. Johnson K. (2001). Television and social change in rural India (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd.
[2]. Raj B.M., Raakee A.S., & Raj S.S. (2007). Life satisfaction and alienation of elderly males and females. [Electronic version]. Journal of Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 33, 157-60.
[3]. Robert Jensen R., & Oster E. (2008). The power of TV: cable television and women's status in India. Retrieved from: http://home.uchicago.edu/~eoster/tvwomen.pdf-
[4]. Grable B. (2006). Black and white racial Comparisons of television uses and gratifications on life satisfaction. Retrieved from: Inflibnet India order database.
[5]. Davies J. (2007). The uses and dependency of entertainment television among Mormons young adults, [Electronic version]. Journal of Media and Religion, 6:2, 133-148.

Abstract: Performing a physical activity on a regular basis will help to improve overall health and fitness, as well as to decrease the risk for many chronic diseases. There have been many efforts to increase physical activity which mostly focused on the individual. Jogging is the most commonly reported and the most accessible form of leisure time physical activity among general public. However little is known about the factors that influence Jogging as leisure time physical activity. The main purpose of this study was to identify Intrapersonal, Interpersonal and Structural constraints that effect on jogging trail users' behavior. Primary data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed the data using Atlas ti 7.0.software.

[1] Cullawaggipali Part (2): The forth book in the Vinaya Pitakaya, Democratic Socialist Republican Government of Sri Lanka, Buddhist Cultural Centre, 125, Andwsan road, Nandimala, Dehiwala, Sri Lanka, 1983.
[2] L. Bright, Perceived Benifits, Constraints, and Negotiations Strategies of Skiers and Snowboarders with Disabilities, University of Florida, 2004.
[3] P. Fredman,U. Romild, M. Yuan, andD. Wolf-watz, Latent demand and time contextual constraints to outdoor recreation in Sweden,Forests, 3(1), 2012, 1–21,http://doi.org/10.3390/f3010001.
[4] E.L. Jackson, Leisure constraints: A survey of past research. Leis. Sci., 1988, 10, 203-215.
[5] P. Balaska, and C. Kouthouris, Promoting Sport Participation in Greece: Issues and Challenges. International Journal of Sport Management, Recreation and Tourism, 13, 2014, 63–84. http://doi.org/10.5199/ijsmart-1791-874X-13d.

Abstract: TheOlympic Game being considered as the most competitive and major sport event in the world. Consequently, studies based on Olympic performance yield an important place in the sport studies. The main purpose of this study is to examine thepredication capacity of predicators which have been reviled by several authors previously. Among those studies predicting Olympic performance takes a significant stand. This study reviled the significance of political, economic, socio-cultural, and ecological (PESE) factors in predicting the performances of Olympic Game.

[1]. T. H. E. O. Truce and T. H. E. Athlete, "the Olympic Games of Antiquity," no. July, pp. 1–3, 2009.
[2]. International Canoe Federation, "The Modern Olympic Games," pp. 1–18, 2007.
[3]. M. Malfas, B. Houlihan, and E. Theodoraki, "Impacts of the Olympic Games as mega-events," Proc. ICE - Munic. Eng., vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 209–220, 2004.
[4]. M, Andreff,. and Andreff W., "Economic Prediction of Sport Performances : From Beijing Olympics to 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa," 12th Conf. Int. Assoc. Sport Econ. 85th West. Econ. Assoc. Int. Conf. Portland, June 29th – July 3rd 2010., no. 10, 2010.

Abstract: This paper aims to determine the factors of conflict and inter-religious conflict resolution methods in North Sumatra. To get the accurate data and the results of the original, this study uses a qualitative approach by means of direct observation and interviews with various local religious leaders and the local community. After doing research with a qualitative approach, the results found that the conflict in this area stems from the dominant conflict, they are natural resources and economic resources. While conflicts relating to religious and cultur are relatively small and low.

[1]. Alwi Shihab, Islam Inklusif: Menuju Sikap Terbuka Dalam Beragama, Mizan, Bandung, 1999.
[2]. Anderson, Same Aspects of Indonesian Politics Under Japanese Occupation 1944 - 1945, Cornell University, Ithaca, 1991.
[3]. Arief Budiman (ed). State and Civil Society in Indonesia, Center of South East Asean Studies Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 1991.
[4]. Arifinsyah, (et.al.), Upaya Lembaga Keagamaan dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Secara Partisipatif Di Sumatera Utara, Pusat Penelitian IAIN Sumatera Utara, Medan, 2006.
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[6]. Huntington, Samuel P., "Benturan Antar Peradaban, Masa Depan Politik Dunia?" dalam Jurnal Ulumul Qur‟an, No. 5, Vol.IV Tahun 1993.

Abstract: The development dissemination of Islam tends to increase through electronic media, as well as print media. Journalism as a tool has a very powerful effect though it may appear slower, but leaves a deep impression. The words (text) can be a thing that stimulates the psychological response of man, and it is caused by several things, that are: a. the beauty of the language. b. clarity of information. c. a very strong logic. 4. provide hope. 5. provide a warning. The Al-Quran through this journalism namely; Qaulan ma'rufan means the correct pronunciation, Qaulan Kariman means the polite word (Surah Al-Isra ': 23), Qaulan Maysuran means appropriate greeting (Surat al-Isra': 28), Qaulan Balighan means greeting appropriate to the circumstances ( Surah An-Nisa: 63), Qaulan Layyinan is gentle greeting.

Keywords: Da'wah; Journalism; Al Qur'an; Media Communication

[1]. Al-Qur 'an Al 'Karim.
[2]. Abdullah.Wawasan Dalcwah Kajian Epistimologi. Konsep dan Aplikasi Dakwah. Medan. IAIN.Press, 2002.
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[6]. Arifin, Zainal Thoha. Menulis Karena Aku Ada.Yogyakarta.Kutub, 2005.
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Abstract: This study sought to establish the Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives being implemented by tourism- related businesses for communities, including the latter's expectations and levels of satisfaction. The resort hotels in Nyanga, Zimbabwe, were used to represent tourism businesses. Community members were the major respondents. A total of 60 interviews were carried out and data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Community members acknowledged that hotels were involved in corporate social responsibility practices intended to benefit the surrounding communities.

[1]. M. A Naeem, and R. Welford, A comparative study of corporate social responsibility in Bangladesh and Pakistan, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 16, 2009, 108 -122.
[2]. A. Argandona, Corporate social responsibility in the tourism industry. Some lessons from the Spanish experiences, IESE business school 2010.
[3]. E. Mandimika, E. Taderera, L Nyikahadzoi, Corporate social responsibility in the tourism sector: the case of Zimbabwe, Journal of academic and business ethics, 1-11, http://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/131527.pdf
[4]. M. Muganda, A. Sirima, B. Morshy, and P. Mlambo, Sharing tourism benefits with local community: a business perspective from the grassroots in Tanzania, Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management EJESM, 5 (3) 239-251, 2012.
[5]. D. Kucukusta, A. Mak, and X. Chan, Corporate social responsibility in four to five star hotels: perspectives from Hong Kong visitors, International Journal of hospitality management 34, 19-30, 2013