IOSR-JHSS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-2 ~ Feb-2016

Abstract:The field of ageing and Dementia is focusing on the characterization of the earliest stage of cognitive impairment. Recent research has identified a transitional states between the cognitive changes of normal ageing and Alzheimer's disease (AD), known as mild cognitive impairment(MCI) .Mild cognitive impairment refers to the clinical condition between normal ageing and AD in which persons experience memory loss to a greater extent than one would expect for age, yet they do not meet currently accepted criteria for clinically probable AD. When these persons are observed longitudinally, they progress to clinically probable AD at a considerably accelerated rate compared with healthy age matched individuals

[1]. Graham, JE., Rockwood, K., Beattie, BL. (1997). Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and without dementia in an
elderly population. Lancet ;349:1793-6.
[2]. Kral, VA.(1962). Senescent forgetfulness: benign and malignant. Can Med Assoc J;86:257-60.
[3]. Davis, H.S.& Rockwood, K. (2004). Conceptualization of mild cognitive impairment: a review. Geriatric Psychiatry, 19 (4), 313-
319.
[4]. Bamford, KA., Caine, ED. (1988). Does "benign senescent forgetfulness" exist? Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 4:897-916.
[5]. Ritchic, K.,Artero, S., Touchon, J. (2001). Classification criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment: a population –based validation
study. Neurology, 56: 37-42.
[6]. Petersen, RC., Smith, GE., Waring, SC., Ivnik, RJ., Tangalos, EG., Kokmen, E. (1999). "Mild cognitive impairment: clinical
characterization and outcome". Arch. Neurol. 56.

Abstract: The study investigated youth unemployment and crime in the Niger Delta; with focus on comparative analysis of its intensity in three states, Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa and Rivers State. The purpose was achieved through purposive sampling design. The sample size consisted of 614 respondents drawn from the three states under study. The data collected were analyzed using Standard Deviation. Two hypotheses were formulated for the study. The findings of the study demonstrate that youth unemployment is common to the three states. However, there are variations in the intensity of crime in the study states. It is low in Akwa Ibom, and very high and frequency in Bayelsa and Rivers. The study noted further that the presence of job seekers, skill labour with large population of unskilled youths and above all, the urge for quick money making, created high rate of crime in Bayelsa and Rivers State. Based on these, the study suggests holistic development in the area.

Keyword: Youth Unemployment, Crime

[1]. Ilo (2011). Enterprise-based Youth Employment policies, Strategies and Programmes: Initiative for the development of Enterprise and Strategies. Ilo Skills Working Paper NO. 1
[2]. Adebayo, A. (1999). Contemporary Dimension of Unemployment Problem in Nigeria: A Special Challenge. Ibadan: NES publication.
[3]. Ajfo, B. (2013). Challenges of Youth Unemployment in Nigeria Effective Career Guidance as Panacea. Journal of Afri Res 7(1).
[4]. National Bureau of Statistics, (2012). National Employment: Annual Socio-Economic Report.
[5]. World Bank (2012). Putting Nigeria to work. World Bank Bulletin.
[6]. World Bank (1996). African Youth Employment Programme. Guidelines for Accelerating Implementation. World Bank Publication.

Abstract:In this paper an attempt has been made to analyze the strength, courage and unconventional steps taken by the main protagonist of the novel. The novel Roots and Shadows, is about change and revolt. It presents the dilemma of a woman as a daughter, sister, beloved and wife. Akka the most dominating lady in the novel saved the Roots of the family by casting off the Shadows, through Indu. Family legacy which has been transferred by Akka to Indu is the main Root which has to be alive, and others who only want to take money and property are merely like shadows.Indu goes ahead and proves that despite of being out of the family for ten years she had a place in Akka's mind especially in the sense of ruling and binding people together after her death. At the end she proves herself a disciplined and generous heiress. Keywords:Culture, convention, subjugation, successor, tradition.

[1]. Agarwal, Beena. Mosaic of the Fictional World of Shashi Deshpande. Jaipur: Book Enclave, 2009.
[2]. Beauvoir, De. Simone. The Second Sex. Trans. H.M. Parshley. New Delhi: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1970.
[3]. Deshpande, Shashi. Roots and Shadows. New Delhi: Disha Books, 1992. (All the references to this work have been cited parenthetically in the chapter as RS).
[4]. ………………...That Long Silence. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 1989.
[5]. Rama Moorthi, P. "My Life is My Own: A Study of Shashi Deshpande‟s Women." Feminism and Recent Fiction in English. Ed. Sushila Singh. New Delhi: Prestige, 1991.
[6]. Sandhu, Sarabjit. "The Image of Woman in Roots and Shadows." Shashi Deshpande: Indian Women Novelists. Ed. R.K. Dhawan. New Delhi: Prestige, 1991.
[7]. Sharma, Sidhartha. Shashi Deshpande‟s Novels: A Feminist Study. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors, 2005.
[8]. Showalter, Elaine. A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists From Bronte to Lessinig. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1977.

Abstract: The effectiveness of schools in educating students is highly dependent upon the presence and nature of multi-leveled pedagogic leadership within each individual school. While principals are formally required to lead the school, leadership is not the sole province of the principalship (Macneil, Cavanagh & Silcox, 2008). Using a case study of school Z in Kakamega, Kenya, this paper argues that there is evidence of instructional leadership as opposed to contemporary leadership (Pedagogical Leadership). Specifically, the paper assesses Pedagogical Leadership (PL) practices in the school in examined during a field visit.

[1]. American Federation of Teachers (AFT) (2002). Principles for Professional Development: AFT's Guidelines for Creating Professional Development Programs that make a difference. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from http://ww.aft.org/topics/teacher-quality/prodev.htm
[2]. Ashraf, H., & Rarieya, J.F.A (2008). Teacher Development through Reflective Conversations-Possibilities and Tensions: A Pakistani Case. Reflective Practice, 9 (3) 269-279
[3]. Audet, R. H., & Jordan, L. K. (Eds) (2005). Integrating Inquiry across the Curriculum. Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press
[4]. Erätuul, M., & Leino, J. (1996). School Principal as a Pedagogical Leader. European Journal of Education, 19 (1) 83-91
[5]. Friedman, A. A. (2004). Beyond Mediocrity: Transformational Leadership within a Transactional Framework. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 7 (3) 203-224
[6]. Ho, D. C. W. (2010). Teacher Participation in Curriculum and Pedagogical Decisions: Insights into Curriculum Leadership. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 38 (5), 613-624

Abstract: A company can only act through human beings and a human being who commits an offence on account of or for the benefit of a company will be responsible for that offence himself. The importance of incorporation is that it makes the company itself liable in certain circumstances, as well as the human beings. The making of a corporation starts with the Companies Act, declaring it to be a legal "person". The paper will throw light on whether the very existence of the word "person" makes it liable for an act declared as an offence under Indian Penal Code, 1860. The subject was given pressing social importance in the 1980's by series of disasters connected with corporate activities.

[1]. L. H. Leigh; "The Criminal Liability of Corporations and Other Groups: A Comparative View" ; Michigan Law Review; Vol. 80, No. 7, Articles on Corporate and Organizational Crime (Jun., 1982), pp. 1508-1528
[2]. Criminal Liability of Corporations for Acts of Their Agents; Harvard Law Review Vol. 60, No. 2 (Dec., 1946), pp. 283-289
[3]. The Criminal Liability of Corporations; Harvard Law Review Vol. 20, No. 4 (Feb., 1907), pp. 321-323
[4]. Criminal Liability of Corporations for Acts of Their Agents; Harvard Law Review Vol. 60, No. 2 (Dec., 1946), pp. 283-289
[5]. Daniel R. Fischel and Alan O. Sykes Corporate Crime; ;The Journal of Legal Studies Vol. 25, No. 2 (Jun., 1996), pp. 319-349
[6]. John R. Boatright; Corporate Bodies and Guilty Minds: The Failure of Corporate Criminal Liability by William S. Laufer; Business Ethics Quarterly; Vol. 18, No. 3 (Jul., 2008), pp. 417-426.

Abstract:The problem of poor performance in the Public tertiary institution of Nigeria is quite alarming and it seems to be at increase, this is largely associated with the inadequacy and mismanagement of funds. The abrupt industrial actions by staff and students became more persistent in public tertiary institutions of Nigerian. The Government has device numerous policies to address these problems, but remain persistent. Entrepreneurship in Public Sector had received different connotation from writers of different background, including economics and public administration. Studies that used Entrepreneurship in Public Sector and investigate performance provided conflicting findings. Based on the review of previous literature, this study conceptualized that entrepreneurship mediates the relationship between Good governance, external and internal environment of the public tertiary institution in enhancing performance in-terms of effectiveness and alignment.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, good governance, public tertiary institution, performance

[1] Adamolekun, L., Public administration in Africa : main issues and selected country studies, (Ibadan, Nigeria: Spectrum Books, 2002)
[2] Adeosun, A.B., Nigeria @ 50 : The role of good governance and effective public administration towards achieving economic. International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 3(3), 2012, 1–17.
[3] Bernier, L. & Hafsi, T., The changing nature of public entrepreneurship. Public administration review, 67(3), 2007, 488–503. Available at: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00731.x.
[4] Boyne, G.A., Public and private management: What's the difference? Journal of Management Studies, 39(1 January), 2002, 97 –122.
[5] Brignall, S. & Modell, S., An institutional perspective on performance measurement and management in the "new public sector." Management Accounting Research, 11(June 1999), 2000, 281–306. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044500500901367.
[6] Brodtrick, O., Innovation as reconciliation of competing values. Optimum, 27(2), 1997,1–4.
[7] Cameron, K.S., Effectiveness as paradox : Consensus and conflict in conceptions of organizational effectiveness. Institute for Operatios Research and the Management Sciences, 32(5), 1986, 539–553

Abstract: The article analyses the problems of ethnic tolerance in the Ukrainian information space. In particular, the author pays attention to multiethnic territories situated on cross-border.

Key words: Ethnic tolerance, information space, political processes, ethnophobia, ethnic stereotypes, national minorities.

[1]. Pustovit L. O. – Dictionary of foreign words: 23 000 words and terminological word combinations. – 2000 – 1018 p.
[2]. Y. I . Rymarenko – The concise encyclopaedia of ethnic state science/ Akademija Nauk Ukrainy / Instytut Derzhavy i Prava Im. V. M. Koreckoho Institut. – 1996 – 942 p.
[3]. Koljev A. N. – Political mythology: The realisation of experience. – 2003 – 384 p.
[4]. Platonov Y. P. – Ethnic factor. Geopolitics and psychology. – 2005 – 310 p.
[5]. Sadohin A. P. – Introduction to intercultural communication. – 2005 – 310 p.
[6]. Aragioni M. A. – The culture of neighbourliness: Programmes of integrated course and methodical recommendations for educational institutions of Autonomous Republic of Crimea. – 2007 – 144+212 p.

Abstract:This study aims to (a) Preparation and planning activities of community development programs in the maintenance of the environment are in accordance with the goals and objectives, (b) The resources in the development of the program, (c) Techniques and strategies for the implementation of programs to improve the welfare of human resources (HR), especially in terms of management (d) Results achieved mainly the program management of human resources (HR). Methods or approach used in this research is qualitative descriptive, qualitative data analysis is done by means of a rating scale (rating scale).The analysis showed that the level of understanding and knowledge about the environmental preservation program, located in the area of strong and good intervals, preparation of human resources, especially instructors, weak and less intervals, techniques and strategies in this regard, namely the implementation of human resource management has been implemented i.e. with the manufacture of the green line, the provision of bins, improved drainage, water supply to improve the environmental functions strong and good interval.

Keywords: Analysis, Community Development, Environment

[1]. Anonim, 2010. Buku Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah Kota Manado.
[2]. Aris A. 2009. "A Search for a World Development Program: withSpecific Recommendation for Indonsia", Makalah.
bobwidya@cbn.net.id. Editor: Priyambodo Rh.Copyright © 2010.
[3]. Hastuti P.2006. Evaluasi Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Berwawasan Jender di Kodya Yogyakarta, Jurnal Fenomena: Vol. 4/1.
[4]. Jane S.2000. The Sunday Times : Empowering People (London: Rogen Page Limitd).
[5]. Lewis R A.1996. Rating Scale and Checklist (Nem York: Jhon wiley & Sons, Inc.).

Abstract:The establishment of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (hereafter known as the EFCC) in 2002 was necessitated by rampant corruption and failure of previous anti-corruption strategies in Nigeria. Vested with huge and enormous power to fight corruption in the country, the commission has largely failed to achieve the given mandate. That corruption since its establishment instead of abating is now at an endemic state is no longer doubtable. The evidence of endemic corruption in Nigeria is manifesting all over the country: the abandoned government projects, worsening state of under-development indices and realities to mention but a few

[1]. Adelagan, F. (2008). Government: An Insider's Reflections on the Nigerian Polity. Ibadan:Terrific Publishers.
[2]. Aderinwale, A (1994). Corruption Democracy and Human Rights in East and Central Africa. Entebe: African Leadership Forum
Publications.
[3]. Admin, (2015). Challenges of Fighting Corruption in Nigeria.http://www.thetidenewsonline.com. retrieved June 3, 2015.
[4]. Agbakoba, O, (2015). How South Africa's constitution solves Nigeria's corruption problem.http://www.nigeriabulletin.com/threads.
Retrieved June 6, 2015.
[5]. Akani, C. (2002). Corruption in Nigeria: The Niger Delta Experience. Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishers.
[6]. Audu, J. (2003). Democratic Governance and the Prospects for Curbing Political Corruption in Africa: Discourse on Nigeria.
Journal of African Politics and Society: Vol. 2 No. 1. -207-220.

Abstract: User studies are to be recognized as an important part of the information packages. Information providers like the library and information centers need to be aware of their users' information requirements as well as their information seeking and information retrieving methods in order that they might be able to provide better services. The study describes the user satisfaction of NBA accredited Engineering libraries of Warangal. A well structured questionnaire was designed to elicit the opinions of the Engineering college students. The response was gathered from 345 students. This study examines several aspects of library use, including frequency of visiting the library, user satisfaction from library services and library collection. The result of the study provided information about the satisfaction of users with library collection like text books, reference books, periodicals, online resources, thesis and dissertation, newspaper etc. and services. The author also has tried to found the reason of not satisfaction of the users. On the basis of finding, some suggestion have been put forth for maximizing satisfaction of engineering colleges students in libraries.

Key words: Engineering College, Engineering education, User satisfaction, College Libraries, Library Services, user studies

[1]. Dhanavandan, S.,Mohamed Esmail, S.and Nagarajan,M (2011). Internet-Based Resources and Services among Librarians in Tamil Nadu,India, Library philosophy and Practice, January 2011
[2]. Dhanavandan, S., and Tamizhchelvan M., (2012). Use Pattern f Digital Resources Among Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu, India", International Journal of Library Science, 5 (1) 30-40
[3]. Haneefa, K.(2007).Use of ICT based resources and services in special libraries in Kerala" Annals of Library and Information Studies 54(1), 23-31.
[4]. M.A Keller, "Libraries in the Digital Future", Science, 1998, pp.1461-1462.

Abstract:One of the basic principles of adult education is the active participation of adult learners in the educational process. The purpose of this research project is to identify those factors that act as incentives for participation administrators of the Ministry of Education of the Prefecture of Thessaloniki to participate in training programs and as well the impact their demographic characteristics may have. The data analysis of a questionnaire which was administered to 165 participants indicated that the factors that influence positively the group in question are related to better performance at work, willingness to learn new things, lifelong education, rising qualifications and obtaining the certificate through participation.

Key - words: motivation, incentives, adult education, public sector.

[1]. Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K., (2008). Μεζνδνινγία εθπαηδεπηηθήο έξεπλαο. Αθήνα: Μεηαίτμιο
[2]. Creswell, J. (2011). Η Έξεπλα ζηελ Δθπαίδεπζε: Σρεδηαζκόο, Γηεμαγωγή θαη Αμηνιόγεζε ηεο Πνζνηηθήο θαη Πνηνηηθήο Έξεπλαο. Αθήνα: Ίων.
[3]. Γημηηρίοσ, Π., (2011). Σηνηρεία εμ Απνζηάζεωο Δθπαίδεπζεο – Κίλεηξα θαη Δκπόδηα: Μειέηε πεξίπηωζεο ελδνεπηρεηξεζηαθήο θαηάξηηζεο ζε ηξάπεδα, δηπιωκαηηθή εξγαζία. Πάηρα: ΔΑΠ.
[4]. Εαρίθης, Γ., (2011). Σσμμεηοτή ενηλίκων ζε εκπαιδεσηικές δραζηηριόηηηες. Κριηική αποηίμηζη ηων βαζικόηερων ερεσνηηικών και θεωρηηικών προζεγγίζεων. Δπηζηήκεο Αγωγήο, 3, 21-45.
[5]. Εωνηήρος, Γ., (2006). Τα θίλεηξα ζπκκεηνρήο ηωλ ελειίθωλ εθπαηδεπνκέλωλ ζε πξνγξάκκαηα πνπ πξνζθέξνληαη από Δξγαζηήξηα Διεπζέξωλ Σπνπδώλ, δηπιωκαηηθή εξγαζία. Πάηρα: ΔΑΠ.

Abstract:The motive of this paper was to examine the impact of pre-task planning on Saudi EFL learners and to find out how planning could influence their accuracy and fluency. The study also intended to investigate the different outcomes from guided and unguided planning. For this purpose, thirty-six Saudi EFL learners took part in this study. They have participated in Picture-Cued Storytelling Task PCST. The findings of the study revealed that guided planning made a minor influence on Saudi EFL learners' accuracy.Fluency, on the other hand, was not affected positively by neither guided nor unguided planning.
Key Words: EFL, Planning, SLA

[1]. Abdi, M., Eslami, H. and Zahedi, Y. (2012) 'The Impact of Pre-Task Planning on the Fluency and Accuracy of Iranian EFL Learners' Oral Performance', Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, pp. 2281–2288.
[2]. Anderson, J. R. (1994) Learning and memory: an integrated approach. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
[3]. Bygate, M. (2001) 'Effects of task repetition on the structure and control of language', in Bygate, M., Skehan, P., and Swain, M. (eds.) Researching pedagogic tasks: Second language learning, teaching and testing. London: Longman, pp. 23–48.
[4]. Crookes, G. (1989) 'Planning and Interlanguage Variation', Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 11(04), p. 367.
[5]. Ellis, R. (1987) Interlanguage Variability in Narrative Discourse: Style Shifting in the Use of the Past Tense. (9 Vols). Cambridge University Press.
[6]. Ellis, R. (2003) Task-based Language Learning and Teaching. OXFORD: Oxford University Press.
[7]. Ellis, R. (2004) Task-based language teaching and learning. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Abstract: Background and Introduction Rashtriya Swasthia Bima Yojna started on 1st of April 2008 by Ministry of labour and employment in which BPL family are eligible to avail the benefit of the scheme .The beneficiary have to pay 30 Rupees at the time of enrolment or registration and beneficiary get the coverage of 30,000 Rupees for one year. In this scheme, pre-existing disease is covered from day one. On each Smart Card maximum 5 member could be enrolled or covered who can avail the benefit of the scheme. In past, many of studies have been conducted to analyze the problem or need from beneficiary point of view but very less research have been done to know hospital point of view.In this study we will mainly focus on perception and satisfaction level among medical practitioner.

[1]. Nandi.A, Holtzman.A, Malan.A & Ramanan Laxminarayan,The need for better evidence to evaluate the health & economic benefits of India's Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana,2015, http://www.icmr.nic.in/ijmr/2015/october/1004.pdf
[2]. National Portal of India, Rashtriya Swasthiya Bima Yojna, 2015, http://india.gov.in/spotlight/rashtriya-swasthya-bima-yojana
[3]. National Health Portal, Gateway to authentic health information,http://www.nhp.gov.in/national-health-insurance-schemes_pg
[4]. David M. Dror & Sukumar Vellakkal,Is RSBY India's platform to implementing universal hospital insurance,2012, http://icmr.nic.in/ijmr/2012/january/1210.pdf
[5]. Rathi.P ,Evaluation of Rashtriya Swasthiya Bima Yojna (RSBY): A case study of Amravati, District, page no-11,2012, http://www.iimb.ernet.in/sites/default/files/u181/IIMB%20PGPPM%20Policy%20Folio_Paper_Prateek%20Rathi_March%202012.pdf
[6]. Basu.R, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana: Pioneering Public-Private Partnership in Health Insurance,Page no-7,http://www.napsipag.org/PDF/RUMKI%20BASU.pdf