IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2017

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	An Assessment of ICT Competencies of Public School Teachers: Basis for Community Extension Program
Country	:	Philippines
Authors	:	Las Johansen B. Caluza || Rommel L. Verecio || Devine Grace D. Funcion || Lowell A. Quisumbin || Micheline A. Gotardo || Mark Lester P. Laurente || Jeffrey C. Cinco || Vanessa Marmita
	:	10.9790/0837-2203040113

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the level of ICT competencies of public school teachers at San Jose Central Elementary School, Division of Tacloban City, Philippines. Descriptive survey method was used which involved a questionnaire, interviews, and observations. Sixty-two (62) teachers served as respondents. Results showed that most of the teachers have a basic knowledge on ICT and needs improvement. More trainings is hereby needed to the teachers for them to integrate ICT in teaching and other related task assigned to them so as to uplift and enhance the quality of education of the said elementary public school.

Keywords: Information Communication Technology, ICT Competencies, Assessment,Social Science, Descriptive Research, Philippines.

[1] A du Plessis, A., & Paul, W. E. B. B. (2012). Teachers' perceptions about their own and their schools' readiness for computer implementation: A South African case study. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 11(3).

[2] Aduwa-Ogiegbaen, S. E. (2009). Nigerian inservice teachers' self-assessment in core technology competences and their professional development needs in ICT. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education,26(1), 17-28.

[3] Al-Zaidiyeen, N. J., Mei, L. L., & Fook, F. S. (2010). Teachers' attitudes and levels of technology use in classrooms: The case of Jordan schools.International Education Studies, 3(2), 211.

[4] Baruchson-Arbib, S., & Yaari, E. (2004). Printed versus Internet plagiarism: A study of students' perception. International Journal of Information Ethics,1(6), 29-35.
[5] Becta. (2003). What the research says about barriers to the use of ICT in teaching. Retrieved from http://www.becta.org.uk/research/ictrn/.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Assessment of Health-related Locus of Control among Undergraduates Substance Users and Non-Users
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Adekeye, Olujide A. || Agoha, Ben C. || Adeusi, Sussan O. || Igbokwe, David O. || Olowookere, Elizabeth I. || Elegbeleye, Ayo O. || Sholarin, Muyiwa A.
	:	10.9790/0837-2203041420

Abstract: Introduction: Locus of control is one of the most extensively investigated psychological constructs in literature and the purpose of the study was to assess health-related locus of control among undergraduate's substance users and non-users. Methods: Data from 574 students between ages 18 and 27 (n= 574, mean=21.15 (+/- 1.8years) was collected from five tertiary institutions in AdoOdo-Ota LGA, Nigeria. An adapted and validatedversion of the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire on drug use surveys and the multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) which was designed to measure the degree to which an individual feels they are in control of their ownhealth were employed for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferentialstatistics.Three research hypotheses were raised and tested. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics...........

Keywords: Health, locus of control, substance use, students, tertiary institutions

[1] Adekeye, O. A., Adeusi, S. O., Chenube, O. O., Ahmadu,F. O.& Sholarin,M. A. (2015). Assessment of Alcohol and Substance Use among Undergraduates in Selected Private Universities in Southwest Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Vol. 20 (3): 1-7.
[2] Allahverdipour, H., MacIntyre, R., Hidarnia, A.,Shafii, F., Kazemnegad, A., Geleiha, A.,and Emami, A. (2007). Assessing protectivefactors against drug abuse among highschool students: Self-control and the extendedparallel process model. J AddictNurs, 18(2): 65-73.
[3] Bush, P. and Iannotti, R. (1985). The development of children's health orientation and behaviours: Lessons for substance use prevention. NIDA Research Monograph Series, 56: 45-74.
[4] Carton, J. S. and Nowicki, S. (1994). Antecedents of individual differences in locus of control of reinforcement: A critical review. Genetic, Social, & General Psychology Monographs, 120(1), 31-81.
[5] Clarke, J. H., MacPherson, B. V., andHolmes, D. R. (1982). Cigarette smoking and external locus of controlamong young adolescents. J Health Soc Behav 23:253-259.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Narrative Levels inSon'allah Ibrahim's Sharaf
Country	:
Authors	:	Jamal Assadi
	:	10.9790/0837-2203042130

Abstract: This study examines the narrative levels in Son'allah Ibrahim‟s Sharaf, where the novelist employs an experimental art of fiction. The novel‟s structure tends to create aestheticism capable of representing the distortions of the different levels of reality. It is based on the harmony between the different narrative units and the documentary recording within the collage that selects scenes from reality together with its contradictions and disappointments. Moreover, the harmony is achieved within a presentation of fiction where characters are deprived of their features and where reality is distorted. The novel is simply distributed into varied narrative levels that frequently become tangled or separate...........

Key Words:Son'allah Ibrahim, Sharaf, narrative levels, experimental art of fiction, modern Arabic fictionand social history.

[1] Abdul Malik, Mortadh, In the Theory of the Novel (Kuwait: The World of Knowledge, 1998).
[2] Al-"Eid, Yomna, The Art of Arabic Novel between the Specificity of the Tale and the Distinction of Discourse (Beirut: House of Arts, 1988).
[3] Al-"Alem, Mahmoud Amin, et al, The Arabic Novel between Reality and Ideology (Lattakia: Dar Al-Hewar, 1986).
[4] Al-"Alem, Mahmoud Amin, Structure and Significance in the Story and the Novel (Beirut: Dar Al-Mustaqbal, 1994).
[5] Ash-Sharoni, Yusuf, The Fear and Courage Duet (Cairo: The House of Knowledge, 1976).
Enjeel, Butrusr Sim‟an, Studies in the Arabic Novel (The General Egyptian Staff: 1987).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Local Government Budget (APBD) and Its Inefficiency in the City of Malang, Indonesia
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Ya‟qud A. Gudban || Candra F. Ananda, Susilo || Setyo T. Wahyudi
	:	10.9790/0837-2203043134

Abstract: This article describes the process of making the Local Government Budget (APBD) in Indonesia generally and Malang City particularly. The process will be viewed from the perspective of principal-agent relationship, in which the legislature is placed as principal while the executive as an agent. When APBD is going to be fixed as the regulation, there may be debates and negotiations between the executive and the legislature. The debate and negotiation go on until the end of the process of making APBD. It relates to the interests of legislators towards the base of their constituents and relates to the inconsistecy between what is planned and what is going to be financed............

Keywords : legislature, executive, local government budget (APBD), ghost budget, unspent budget (SiLPA)

[1] Abdullah, Syukriy (2004). "Perilaku Oportunistik Legislatif dalam Penganggaran Daerah: Pendekatan Principal-Agent Theory." Paper Presented in Inter-Nation Seminary in the University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, 4-5 Oktober 2004.
[2] Baron, David P. and Ferejoho, John (1987). "Bargaining and Agenda Formation in Legislatures." American Economic Review. Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 303-309. [3] Bergman, Ulf Michael and Lane, Jane-Erik (1990). "Public Policy in a Principal-Agent Framework." Journal of Theoretical Politics, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1990, pp. 339-352.
[4] Gilardi, Fabrizio (2001). "Principal-Agent Models Go to Europe: Independent Regulatory Agencies as Ultimate Step of Delegation." Paper Presented at the ECPR General Conference, Canterbury (UK), 6-8 September 2001.
[5] Johnson, Cathy Marie (1994). The Dynamics of Conflict between Bureaucrats and Legislators. Armonk, New York: Sharpe.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Protecting the environment during armed conflict: fragilities in the provisions of international humanitarian law
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	Mahbubul Islam
	:	10.9790/0837-2203043538

Abstract: War is a common phenomenon throughout the history of mankind. It causes not only human sufferings and crippling injuries on the battlefield but also extensive destruction and degradation of the environment. Some battlefields of the First and Second World Wars, for example, still remain unfit for cultivation or unsuitable for human habitation due to the unexplored devices, mines and projectiles embedded in the soil. The Vietnam War and the 1991 Gulf War are also two glaring examples where the environment itself was used as a weapon of mass destruction. It is noteworthy to mention that environmental damage caused by war may have transborder as well as intergenerational effect on population. It can have transboarder effect in the sense that the impacts of environmental contamination are not limited to the countries in which the wars are waged as air and water pollution can be carried across..........

[1] Advisory Opinion on Legality of the Threat or Use of New Clear Weapons, ICJ Reports 1996, 226 et seq., (241, Para. 29)
[2] W.M. Arkin, D. Durran & M. Cherni, On Impact: Modern Warfare and the Environment, A Case Study of the Gulf War 68–69 (1991).
Resolution 692 (20 May 1991).
[3] Iraq's responsibility was affirmed in Resolutions 666 (13 September 1990), 670 (25 September 1990), 674 (29 October 1990), and 686 (2 March 1991).
[4] UN Environment Program (2003), Afghanistan post-conflict environmental assessment. UNEP, Geneva as referenced in Matthew, et al., p. 23
[5] The ICJ Advisory Opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion of 8 July 1996..

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Perceived Effect of Jibiya Dam on Income Generating Activities of Rural Dwellers of Jibiya Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Ikwuakam O.T (Ph.D) || Iyela A (PhD)
	:	10.9790/0837-2203043946

Abstract: Water has continually remained germane to the survival of man, plants and animals all over the world. The need to make its availability sustainable all year round using dams is another man's creative ingenuity that may have favourable or unfavourable effects. The study examined the effect of Jibiya dam on income generating activities of rural dwellers of Jibiya Local Government Area of Katsina State. Multi stage sampling procedure was used to generate 120 rural dwellers and information on their socio-economic characteristics, income generating activities and perceived effect was collected using structured interview schedule. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis...............

Keywords: Dam, effect, income-generating activities, fishing, non-aquatic products, rural dwellers, basket making

[1] Adebayo, C.O & Muhammad, H.U (2011). Socio-economic determinants o Expenditure on food by farm households in Kaduna State, Nigeria. NJRS Vol. 12, No 2
[2] Adewale J. G. & Ikeola R.F (2005). Resettlement Coping Strategies of Women Settlers Around Dams in Nigeria: A Case Study of Erelu Dam in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria. J. Hum. Ecol., 17(3): 177-181
[3] Carletto G., Covarrubias K Davis B., Krausova M., Stamoulis K., Winters P & Zezza A (2007). Rural income generating activities in developing countries: Re-assessing the evidence. Electron. J. Agric. Dev. Econ., 4: 146-193.
[4] Den Hoedt G (1990). Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products: Canals, reservoirs and dams. Taylor & Francis. P49
[5] FAO, (2004). Guidelines on the collection of demographic and socio-economic information on fishing. Communities for use in Coastal and Aquatic Resources Management. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 439. 23.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Political Imagery of PartaiAmanatNasional Through Media inObtaining Public Sympathy, North Sumatra Province, 2005-2015
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	AnangAnas Azhar
	:	10.9790/0837-2203044753

Abstract: PAN describes its survival in the Indonesian political contest, especially in political contest in North Sumatra. This is because of the party's efforts to build a political image continuously in the community, either during general elections or after it. In a variety of political events, PAN also shows its existence as an open party that is fighting for nationalism and religiosity. Imaging political strategies performed by PAN is an attempt to maintain the existence of the party.PAN's ability to build the imagery toughen the PAN's survivability in the political scene in North Sumatra since 2005 until now.............

Keywords: Political imagery; media; public symphatic; PAN

[1] Ardianto, Elvinarodkk.KomunikasiPengantar; SuatuPengantar.Bandung: SimbiosaRekatama Media, 2007.
[2] Arrianie, Lely. KomunikasiPolitik; PolitisasidanPencitraan di PanggungPolitik.Bandung: WidyaPadjajaran, 2010.
[3] Arifin, Anwar. KomunikasiPolitik: Paradigma, Teori, Aplikasi, StrategiKomunikasiPolitik Indonesia. Jarkarta: PT. BalaiPustaka, 2003.
[4] __________. PolitikPencitraan–PencitraanPolitik. Yogyakarta: GrahaIlmu, 2014.
[5] ____________. KomunikasiPolitik-Filsafat, Paradigma, Teori, TujuandanKomunikasiPolitik Indonesia. Yogyakarta: GrahaIlmu, 2011.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Niger Delta Avengers (Nda) War Against The Nigeria State& Multinational Oil Companies
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Odoh Patrick Abutu || William Adoyi Ejeh
	:	10.9790/0837-2203045463

Abstract: The "Niger Delta Avengers" which fully commenced activities in April 2016 with avowed declaration to establish an independent, sovereign Niger Delta State, had carried out a successful attack and blown up many oil pipelines conveying crude oil to different parts of Nigeria. They equally pledged to continue the attacks while targeting oil blocs across the Niger Delta until it bring the about 2.46 million barrels daily production to zero. The paper exposes and discusses viz who they are, their objectives and aims, the remote and immediate causes as well as global and national consequences of their action.........

Keywords: Niger Delta Avengers, war, the Nigeria State, and Multinational Oil Companies

[1] Alade, E., Osuyi, P., Folaranmi, F., John, T. & Ganagana, M. (2016). Niger Delta Avengers: The Return of Full-Blown Militancy. The Sun. Lagos-Nigeria. May 14. Available online at http://sunnewsonline.com/niger-delta-avengers-the-return-of-full-blown-militancy/

[2] Adurokiya E. (2016). Avengers Strike Again, Bomb 5 Oil Pipelines. Nigeria Tribune. Ibadan-Nigeria. Available online at HTTP://TRIBUNEONLINENG.COM/AVENGERS- STRIKE-BOMB-5-OIL-PIPELINES/

[3] Ajakaye, R. (2016). Nigeria: Delta militants list conditions for govt talks. Anadolu Agency. Maltepe-Ankara. 13 June. Available online from http://aa.com.tr/en/africa/nigeria-delta- militants-list-conditions-for-govt-talks/589169
[4] Amaize, E. (2016). Why Niger Delta Avengers grew more deadly. Vanguard. Lagos-Nigeria. June 11. Available online at http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/06/NIGER-DELTA- AVENGERS-GREW-DEADLY/
[5] Amaize, E. & Brisibe, P. (2016). How Buhari Dumped Dialogue With N-Delta Militants Vanguard. Lagos-Nigeria. July 10. Available online at http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/07/buhari-dumped-dialogue-n-delta-militants/

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Simulated Product Development: A Novel Inroad Into Sensorial Food Science
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Jyoti D. Vora || Ms. Padma Srinivasan
	:	10.9790/0837-2203046470

Abstract: Simulated product development is the new innovation in the field of Food science and Food technology. It is an armchair science that accurately estimates the pulse of consumer preferences. The product is developed in reference to an imaginary framework based on fixed attributes. The simulated attributes are usually product attributes, which are of prime importance to both the manufacturer and the consumer. In this technique, acceptability of a product conceived virtually in space via detailed analysis of the data obtained from a well-formulated questionnaire. The questionnaire developed focuses on consumer awareness, recipe development and product value for money (VFM).Expert panelists...

[1] 84% panelists agreed that Simulated Product Development is the precursor to Novel Product Development.
[2] 81% panelists agreed thatSimulated Product Development is logically and scientifically viable.
[3] 74% panelists agreed thatSimulated Product Development is the accurate benchmark of non-invasive sensory evaluation
[4] 81% panelists agreed that Simulated Product Development aids in product development and evolution.
[5] 71% panelists agreed that Simulated Product Developmentexploits the 5 tangible senses and 1 non-tangible sense..

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Theory of Property In Kenya: The Case of The Emuhaya District In Vihiga County
Country	:	Libya
Authors	:	Hezekiah Obwoge
	:	10.9790/0837-2203047189

Abstract: Religious Institutions have made combined attempts towards answering both spiritual and physical cries of the underprivileged in Africa, and Kenya in particular. This has to some extent been attributed to the fact that religion is not lived in a void and that spiritual development and worldly progress are necessarily interconnected. However, documents of earlier studies have focused on the economic systems while underestimating the power and influence of religion in the eradication of poverty; thus, relegating religion to a matter of spiritual significance. It is evident that economic systems alone to date have been inadequate and the growth of poverty has not been reversed. Nevertheless,............

[1] Adeney, M. T. (1984), God's Foreign Policy. Grand Rapids: Eardman Publishers.Albertini, R. V. (1980), Colonialism and Underdevelopment: Critical Remarks on the Theory of Dependency. Leiden: Leiden University Press.
[2] Amin, S. (1976), Unequal Development: An essay on the Social Formulations of Peripheral Capitalism. Hassocks: Harvest Press
[3] Ayanga, H. O. (1999), The Secularization Process and Its Impact on Christianity in Kenya: Eldoret as a Case Study. Unpublished Ph.D Thesis: Moi University.
[4] Babbie, E. (1998), Social Research Methods. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing.Barret, D. B. (1975), African Initiatives in Religion. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.
[5] Bediako, K. (1996), Serving with the Poor in Africa. Califonia: Mare Publishers.Belshaw, D. (2001), Faith in Development: Partnership Between the World Bank

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Logiques Et Mécanismes Endogènes De Conservation Et De Protection De La Biodiversité Chez Les Agni-Bini A L'est De La Côte D'ivoire
Country	:	Abidjan
Authors	:	AFFESSI Adon Simon || KOFFI Koffi Gnamien Jean-Claude || ADINGRA Tano Kouadio
	:	10.9790/0837-2203049097

Abstract: To rely on practices related to the endogenous conservation of the vegetation cover is according to the United Nations, ecologists and scientists a credible alternative to face the accelerated erosion of natural resources. And it is also a credible alternative to face climate change and to cope with the proliferation of CO2 in the atmosphere. This study shows the endogenous mechanisms of biodiversity conservation by the Agni-Bini community.To deal with this issue, the study was carried out in nine (9) villages and two (2) camps, all located in the sub-prefectures of Kouassi-Datékro and Boahia in the East of Ivory coast (Côte d'Ivoire).The guides of interview have been sent to traditional authorities,............

Keywords: environment, endogenous conservation, biodiversity, natural resources

[1] Boutrais, J.,(2002). Patrimoine animal et territoire chez des sociétés peules, patrimonialiser la nature tropicale dynamiques locales, enjeux internationaux, IRD, éditions collection colloques et séminaires, Paris, pp 167-188.
[2] Duchesne, V., (2000). Le Bossonisme ou comment être « moderne et de religion africaine, Présence africaine, n°161/162, pp.299-314.
[3] Dugast, S.,(2002). Modes d'appréhension de la nature et gestion patrimoniale du milieu, patrimonialiser la nature tropicale dynamiques locales, enjeux internationaux. Paris :IRD, éditions collection colloques et séminaires, pp 31-78
[4] Fairhead, J., et Leach, M.,(1994). Représentation culturelle africaine et gestion de l'environnement, politique africaine N°53, l'homme et la nature en Afrique, OSTROM, Paris.
[5] IBO, J (2004). « Savoirs naturalistes paysans et protection de nature en Côte d'Ivoire », Annales de l'Université Abdou Moumouni. IRD. Niamey. pp140-158..

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Differential Effects Of Entrepreneurship Education On Entrepreneurial Intention Among Science And Non-Science Students' In Nigerian Polytechnics
Country	:	Nigeria.
Authors	:	IRO-IDORO || Charlotte Bose || JIMOH || Tajudeen Adisa
	:	10.9790/0837-22030498104

Abstract: This study assesses the differential effects of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention among science and non-science students in Nigerian Polytechnics. Two research hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05level of significance. Data were collected using a self-developed Entrepreneurial Perception and Intention Scale (EPIS). The population was stratified and purposive sampling technique was adopted through which 400 HND Students from the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro and Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta both in Ogun State, Nigeria. 200 HND students of the Federal Polytechnic Ilaro (100 science students and 100 non-science students and 200 HND students of Moshood Abiola Polytechnic (100 science students and 100 non-science students) were randomly selected..............

Keywords: Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurship Perception, Science-based and Non-science Students.

[1] Brijlal P. (2010). Entrepreneurial perceptions and knowledge: A survey of final year university students. African Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 818-825. Retrieved from http://www.academicjournals.org
[2] Gorman, G., Hanlon, D., & King, W. (1997), Some Research Perspectives on Entrepreneurship Education, Enterprise Education and Education for Small Business Management: a Ten-Year Literature Review. International Small Business Journal. 15(3).
[3] Izedonmi, P. F. & Okafor C. (2010). The Effect Of Entrepreneurship Education On Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 10(6).
[4] Krueger, N. (2007). What Lies Beneath the Experiential Essence of Entrepreneurial Thinking, Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, 2(4), 123-138.
[5] Bateman, T. & Shell, S. (1999). Management Building Competitive Advantage. 4th Edition, Boston: Irwin McGraw Hill.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Work of Evidence in State-Building
Country	:
Authors	:	Paroma Sen
	:	10.9790/0837-220304105111

Abstract: Evidence-based decision making is increasingly becoming the basis of governance in areas of health, education and employment. Policy making is dependent on the evidence collected. The outcome of a successful programme is based on streamlining various institutions working under a particular programme. The role of state building through the success of developmental programmes takes into account the stability of a government and whether the same government would come to power in the next election ruling out any chance of transgression in political ideologies.In this paper I critically look at the skill development programme of the present government in India in its scope of generating evidence of the number skilled vis-à-vis the role of the programme in increasing the..........

Keywords: skill; work; women; evidence; job

[1] Jain, Balbir.1992. "Vocational Education in India: Problems and Policies", Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 28, No. 1:pp. 25-36.
[2] Lux ,Donald G. 1964 "Technical Education in India", Comparative Education Review, Vol.7, No. 3: pp.301-306.
[3] Reed, Ananya Mukherjee.,Reed Darryl. 2009 "Partnerships for Development: Four Models of Business Involvement", Journal of Business Ethics, Vol.90:pp.3-37.
[4] Ricco, James A., Bloom, Howard. S.2002. "Extending the Reach of Randomized Social Experiments: New Directions in Evaluations of American Welfare-to-Work and Employment Opportunities", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Vol. 165:pp.13-30.
[5] Sieben, Inge. 2007 "Does training trigger turnover—or not? The impact of formal training on graduates job search behaviour", Work, Employment and Society, Vol. 21, No. 3: pp.397-416.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Legal Disharmony in Indonesia
Country	:	Macedonia
Authors	:	Henry Sinaga || Prof.Dr.SyafruddinKalo,SH,Mhum || Prof.Dr.Runtung,SH,Mhum || Prof.Dr.Suhaidi,SH,MH
	:	10.9790/0837-220304112116

Abstract: Nowadays there is a legal disharmony concerning natural resources in Indonesia. It is found in some laws regarding natural resources. There are 12 (twelve) laws on natural resources in Indonesia which are inharmonious, overlapping, and contradictory one to another. This legal disharmony has brought negative impacts such as destructions and degrading natural resources, conflicts related to natural resources, legal and social problems, riot in legal system, legal uncertainty............

Keywords: Disharmony, Law, Indonesia

[1] The Decree of MPR RI is embodied in the Article 5 of the Decree of MPR RI No. IX/MPR/2001 on Agrarian Reform and Management of Natural Resources
[2] Maria S.W. Sumardjono, Kebijakan Pertanahan Antara Regulasi dan Implementasi, Jakarta: Kompas, 2007, p.35
[3] Maria S.W. Sumardjono, Tanah Dalam Perspektif Hak Ekonomi Sosial Dan Budaya , Jakarta: Kompas, 2008, p. 28
[4] Decree of MPR RI No. IX/MPR/2001 on Agrarian Reform and Management of Natural Resources, Cconsidering part, letter d.
[5] Maria S.W. Sumardjono, et.al., Pengaturan Sumber Daya Alam di Indonesia Antara Yang Tersurat Dan Tersirat, Kajian Kritis Undang-undang Terkait Penataan Ruang dan Sumber Daya Alam, Faculty of

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Application of Land Management Right in Indonesiais against Law
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Tony || Prof. Yulia Mirwati || Prof Dr. Runtung || Prof. Dr. Suhaidi
	:	10.9790/0837-220304117124

Abstract: After its effectiveness for 51years in Indonesia, the Land Management Right appears to not having any legal constitutional ground that its implementation has often cause issues even controversies. This is because the land right of management regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs No. 9/1965 is contrary to the Land Act No. 5/1960 which is the main legal provision which regulates land laws in Indonesia. It is recommended that those who directly deal with the Management Right in Indonesia attempt to get security and legal certainty for the sake of justice.............

Keywords: Right of Management, Land, Indonesia, Effective, Against Law

[1] https://www.dkn.go.id/ruang-opini/9/jumlah-pulau-di-indonesia.html, accessed on January 18, 2015; written by Dody Usodo Hargo, entitled, Jumlah Pulau di Indonesia.
[2] A.P Parlindungan, Hak Pengelolaan Menurut Sistem Undang Undang Pokok Agraria No. 5 Tahun 1960 (Law on Agrarian Affairs) Revision Ed., CV. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2015, p. 2.
[3] Bernard Arief Sidharta, Refleksi Tentang Struktur Ilmu Hukum, Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2009, p. 42.
[4] According to Thomas S. Kuhn, paradigm is a basic assumption and general theoretical assumption (as a source of value) so that it can be a legal ground, method, and implementation in knowledge which determines the nature and the characteristics of the knowledge itself.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	An Ecocritical Reading of D. H. Lawrence's Women in Love
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr.S.Janaki || Dr.S.Sumathi
	:	10.9790/0837-220304125128

Abstract: Literature is basically defined as that medium which serves to mirror life in all its facets and of recent times it concerns itself with the portrayal of the relationship between the human world and its physical environment, along with the constantly changing face of human connectivity with the natural world. Ecocriticism takes an earth-centered approach to literary studies. A man's inner being and the outer world have mutual correspondence and interdependence paving way to lead a wholesome life. The culture of living in tune with nature for a blissful life has been portrayed by many writers. In olden days man had been a part of nature but in the modern period he turns to be the exploiter of nature.............

Keywords:Ecocriticism, Nature, D.H.Lawrence, Women in Love.

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Behavior of Information Usage through Newspaper By Moslem Leaders in Medan
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	A.Thamrin, SK
	:	10.9790/0837-220304129135

Abstract: The information from the mass media is considered inaccurate, and some other reasons. This is more visible when it is connected to an incident which requires that the information can be quickly delivered and accepted by society. One sample case is the crane collapse at Grand Mosque during the pilgrimage in 2015 and Mina incident where many of pilgrims ran jostle that many of them fell and were trampled by other pilgrims, so many were injured and died. The number of those who died as a result of the incident was more than 1,000 people, including about 100 more pilgrims were from Indonesia.The results are the various usages of information. However there is a red thread (similarity)...........

Keywords: behavior; newspaper; Moslem leaders; information

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