IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2017

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Political Changes in Rural West Bengal A Heuristic Discussion on Rajoor Gram Panchayat in Bardhaman
Country	:	India
Authors	:	DR. Sujit Narayan Chattopadhyay || Surjasnata Chattopadhyay
	:	10.9790/0837-2203060110

Abstract: This paper presents a heuristic attempt for understanding the political change in villages in West Bengal. Attempts have been made to illustrate several important facts to the study of possibilities of and limit to the changes now being seen in West Bengal villages. The primary focus is on the significance of this narrative for an understanding of general historical background to the post nineties experience. We have, in our study, tried to indicate some aspects of changes but it is evident that those are not merely the one way process --- a simple mobilization of the top..

[1] A part of my observation and narration of our experience, may be seen in my previous article, 'Historical Context of Political Change in Rural West Bengal: A Study of Seven Villages in Bardhaman' in Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.XXVII No.13, March 28, 1992, pp.647 to 658.
[2] See. Nripen Bandhopadhyay, Evaluation of Land Reform Measures in West Bengal: A Report, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, 1983.
[3] Eric wolf, Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century, London 1971, pp. 290-2.
[4] Hamza Alavi, "Peasant And Revolution" in K.Gough and H.P.Sharma (ed) Imperialism And Revolution, New-York 1973
[5] Sri Hridyananda Ghosh (whom I met during 1984-86) made this comment to me when I met him during my second visit on 24th. May 2013

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES AND EMPOWERMENT
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Sukhwinder Kaur
	:	10.9790/0837-2203061114

Abstract: Women and girls with disabilities have always been remained at the margin of the society. They have not been given equal rights and status and have always faced discrimination in all spheres of life from the society. In today's world where we all talk about women empowerment, women and girls with disabilities still remain marginalized by the society. They are considered unproductive and unwanted for the society. But they are also an important part of the main society and needed to be empowered for the betterment of the society and as well as of the whole nation. Women and girls with disabilities need to be renowned as individuals who enjoy the equal rights and status as other members of the society to make decisions about their lives. It is only through education they can be empowered...........

Keywords: Disabilities and Empowerment

[1] Aggarwal, M. (2014). A Study on Challenge for Women Empowerment. Retrieved from http://abhinavjournal.com/journal/index.php/ISSN-2277-1166/article/viewFile/276/pdf_56
[2] Definition of Disability. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/topics/disabilities/en/).
[3] Duflo, E. (2011). Women's Empowerment and Economic Development, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge. Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/17702.html
[4] Empowering and including women and girls with disabilities, (December 2015). Retrieved from http://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2015/12/empowering-and-including-women-and-girls-with-disabilities#sthash.36Zs1633.dpuf
[5] Empowering women with disabilities, (2004). Retrieved from http://www.dnis.org/features.php?issue_id=18&volume_id=2&features_id=57

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	How much Gender Equality has been achieved in India- up to now
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Pooja Rani
	:	10.9790/0837-2203061519

Abstract: Women are the backbone of the Indian society. They have given enormous contribution in every sector such as political, educational, public or private sector etc. As per census 2011, the population of India is 1210.19 million comprising 586.47(48.5%) million females and 623.72(51.5%) million males. Females have a share of 48.1% in the urban population and 48.6% in the rural population. Women are the vital element of our society. Article 14 and 15 of Indian constitution has given the fundamental right to equality and non discrimination to every citizen, but still gender inequality is prevalent in our surrounding. The main aim of the paper is to study,..........

Key Words: India, Women, Gender Equality

[1] Roy,S. (2014). Women Empowerment towards Achieving Gender Equality. Indian Journal Of Public Administration 580 / vol. lx, no. 3,pp 579-87.
[2] Ruchi (2013). Women Education in India; With Special Reference to Jammu and Kashmir. International Referred Research Journal, Vol-1, Issue-II, ISSN:2320-1791.Retrieved from www.voresearch.org accessed on 23-01-2017.
[3] Ravinder, V. & Shailaja, G. (n.d.) .Women Literacy in India after Independence. An International Multidisplinary Journal, Vol. 2, Issue 1, ISSN 2455-314X
[4] Retrieved from youarticalelibrary.com accessed on 24-10-2016.
[5] A grand step towards gender equality in India. (2011, Feb 1). Retrieved from sahaas.blogspot.in/2011/02/ accessed on 20-01-2017..

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Matching Teacher Production With National Needs In Nigeria: A Periscope
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	ABBAS, Adamu Gimba || ABDULWAHAB, Suleiman
	:	10.9790/0837-2203062025

Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between national needs and teacher production in Nigeria. By so doing, it discusses the pioneering efforts of missionaries towards teacher training. The paper brings into limelight the government developmental efforts from the Colonial era to date towards the expansion, diversification and management of teacher training institutions and programmes. In spite of the government's efforts, available literature have shown that the issues of teacher quantity, quality and variety are posing serious challenges to the attainment of educational goals in Nigeria.............

Keywords : Teacher, Production, and National Needs

[1] Adegbesan S.O. and Ghadamosi, L. (2009). Teach production, utilization and turnover patterns in the primary school education system in Nigeria. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 4, (4); 323-328.
[2] Afe, J.O. (2006). Reflections on becoming a teacher and the challenges of teachereducations. Inaugural Lecture Series 64. University of Benin, Nigeria.
[3] Ajeyalemi, D. (2007). The Issues of quality and quantity in Nigeria's teacher educationsystem. Retrieved from www.data.up.ac.zal/archibe 2007pdf.Pp 1-5
[4] Akindutire, I.O. and Ekundayo, H.T. (2012). Teacher education in a democratic Nigeria: Challenges and the way forward. Educational Research, 3, (5); 429-435
[5] Durosaro, D.O. (2006). Teacher education in Nigeria. Past, present and future challenges.The Pacesetter Journal of Oyo State College of Education 13, (1); 43-53.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Households' climate change adaptive capacity in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya
Country	:	Kenya
Authors	:	Omemo Peter || Olago Daniel || Ogara William || Wandiga Shem
	:	10.9790/0837-2203062632

Abstract: A households' climate change adaptive (CCA) capacity simply refers to the household head's potential to effectively respond to climate change induced forcings. The households' adaptive capacity hinges on several factors. This paper reports the evaluation results of the households' CCA capacity in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB), Kenya. The knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of households are said to be predictors of households' CCA capacity...........

Keywords: Households, adaptive capacity, climate change and variability

[1] Elrick-Barr, C. E., B. L. Preston, D. C. Thomsen, and T. F. Smith. Toward a new conceptualization of household adaptive capacity to climate change: applying a risk governance lens. Ecology and Society. 19(4): 2014. 12.
[2] Dulal, H. et al. Capitalising on Assets: vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Nepal. Washington, DC: World Bank.2010. (www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/ WDS ContentServer/WDSP/IB /2010/05/25/000333038_ 20100525035359.Accessed 24-1-2017.
[3] Brooks, N. and Adger, N. Assessing and Enhancing Adaptive Capacity: Technical Paper 7. New York: UNDP;2004.(http://ncsp.undp.org/docs/717.pdf).
[4] IPCC. Climate change, adaptation, and vulnerability. Environ. 24: 2014 1–44. http://
[5] Ipcc-wg2.gov /AR5 /images/uploads/IPCC_WG2AR5_SPM_Approved.pdf.Accessed 12- 11-20162...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Study Of Correlation Between Health Benefits & Food Choices: A Case Study Using Raw & Ripe Papaya
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Jyoti D. Vora || Ms. Sneha R. Pednekar || Guide
	:	10.9790/0837-2203063338

Abstract: Diet provides the necessary building blocks for our body to produce energy and to maintain good health. A balanced diet, therefore, is the foundation of good health. Clearly, food does much more than meet a basic physical need. It meets emotional, social, and psychological needs as well. To insure mental and emotional well-being, the diet must supply all the nutrients crucial for the proper growth and development of body both physiologically and emotionally. The food choices can have a significant impact on body functions. The deficiencies can impair life processes such as wound healing and metabolism. Likewise, some choices can increase the risk of disease. Hence,.............

[1] Anderson A, Hetherington M, Adamson A, et al. (2003) The development and evaluation of a novel school based intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intake in children (Five a Day The Bash Street Way), N09003. Report for the FSA, London. (see http://www.food.gov.uk/)
[2] Clarke JE (1998) Taste and flavour: their importance in food choice and acceptance. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 57: 639-643.
[3] Dibsdall LA, Lambert N, Bobbin RF, Frewer LJ (2003) Low-income consumers' attitudes and behaviour towards access, availability and motivation to eat fruit and vegetables. Public Health Nutrition 6(2):159-68.
[4] Lassen A, Vibeke Thorsen A, Trolle E et al. (2004) Successful strategies to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables: results from the Danish '6 a day' Worksite-Canteen Model Study. Public Health Nutrition 7(2): 263-70.
[5] Sorensen LB, Moller P, Flint A, Martens M, Raben A (2003). Effect of sensory perception of foods on appetite and food intake: a review of studies on humans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 27:1152-1166.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	HOLISTIC PSYCHOSOMATIC ASSESSMENT OF HAPPINESS QUOTIENT IN URBAN INDIAN SUBJECTS
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Jyoti D. Vora || Ms. Aditi U. Patwardhan || Mr. Sumiran Zimbar
	:	10.9790/0837-2203063943

Abstract: Positive thinking is the key to good health and having a better attitude to tackle the ups and downs of life and increasing one's happiness quotient. In today's world of competition, stress has become a very common occurrence among people, compelling the brain towards negativity resulting in various compromises in health and problems in life. Stress is a common term used by people when they encounter an obstacle in their life. This obstacle could be anything from the work environment to the passing away of a family member. However, when you hear someone mention that they are 'stressed out', the likelihood is that this person does not know the full extent and magnitude of what stress actually is. Stress, in biological terms refers to the after effects of a person failing to respond properly to an event that has occurred in their life,...........

[1] Journal of Research and Reflections in Education June 2010, Vol.4, No.1, pp 42 -61

[2] www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress.../in.../positive-thinking/art-20043950www.stresshack.com

[3] blog.workhealthlife.com/2013/04/think-positive-and-reduce-stress

[4] Steptoe A, Lipsey Z, Wardle J. Stress, hassles and variations in alcohol consumption, food choice and physical exercise: A diary study. British Journal of Health Psychology. 1998;3:51–63.

[5] Barker, P (2003) Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing: The Craft of Caring Arnold, Great Britain

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Global Peace Initiative: The Expedition of Philosophic Knowledge
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Olisaemeka Raphael Maduabuchi
	:	10.9790/0837-2203064446

Abstract: This paper sought to examine philosophic knowledge as the expedition of global peace initiative in the 21st century. Social contract is established for Man to live in peace with others in the society. But, so many factors are militating against the peaceful co-existence of people in this 21st century world. This paper posited that philosophy is the fountain of knowledge that provides ethical guidelines necessary to promote global peace initiative. Hence, ideas emanating from philosophic knowledge can initiate change in people's set of mind. Peaceful co-existence among people and nations in this 21st century is essential for development and propagation of human species.

Key words: Global, peace, philosophy, knowledge, initiative, ethical and guideline

[1] Chhay Rai, Rani Durgawati Vishwa, Jabalpur Vidyalaya, and Madhya Pradesh, Moral Philosophy of Global Ethics, http://www.bu.edu/wcp/MainValu.htm, Retrieved on 07-11-16
[2] Andrew Fiala, "Pacifism" in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2014 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), http:// plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2014/entries/pacifism/> , Retrieved on 07-11-16
[3] Wikipedia Contributors, World Peace in Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_peace&oldid=742812080, Retrieved on 05-10-16
[4] Ben Okwu Eboh, Living Issues in Ethics, (Nsukka: Afro-Orbis Publishing Co, 2005), 116-117
[5] Sean Hand ed., The Levinas Reader: Emmanuel Levinas, (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1989), 75-87

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Protecting the Rights of a Child Offender: The Bangladesh Perspective
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	Tahsin Khan
	:	10.9790/0837-2203064754

Abstract: Child offenders may not always possess the maturity to realise the severity of their acts. In addition to that if child offenders are allowed to be in contact with adult offenders, they are likely to be affected negatively. Realising the special needs of child offenders, the Children Act, 1974 was enacted. However, with the adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), many of the provisions of the Children Act, 1974 became obsolete. Bangladesh became a state party to the UNCRC subsequently and in order to meet the international standards, the Children Act, 2013 was enacted. Some of the most noteworthy provisions of the Act contain prohibition on joint trial...........

Keywords:- Beijing Rules, Children Act 2013, Havana Rules, Riyadh Guidelines and the UNCRC.

[1] UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations Treaty Series, 1577, 3.

[2] UN General Assembly, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice ("The Beijing Rules"): resolution / adopted by the General Assembly., 29 November 1985, A/RES/40/33.

[3] UN General Assembly, United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (The Riyadh Guidelines): resolution / adopted by the General Assembly. , 28 March 1991, A/RES/45/112.

[4] UN General Assembly, United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of Their Liberty: resolution / adopted by the General Assembly., 2 April 1991, A/RES/45/113.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The State of Science Education in Post-Independent India: A Synoptic Review and Future Direction
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ramjit Kumar || Dr. Smriti Singh
	:	10.9790/0837-2203065558

Abstract: Science is the constitutive feature of the knowledge society. It has changed the way we understand the social and natural world around us. Apart from alleviating us from the traps of ignorance, illiteracy and penury, it challenged the centrality and dominance of metaphysical beliefs in society. The attributes of science like rational, creative, and critical thinking and scientific worldviews are the universal values. These values are essential for the growth of an individual as well as society as a whole. In post independent India, our constitution adopted the goals of establishing society based on the scientific temper, humanism and spirit of inquiry. It is also enshrined in the fundamental...........

[1] Polanyi, K. (2001). The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of our Time. Boston: Beacon Press [2] Zilsel, E. (2000). The Sociological Roots of Science. Social Studies of Science. 30 (6), 935-949.
[3] Chunawala, S. & Natarajan, C. (2011). A Study of Policies Related to Science Education for Diversity in India. In "Towards Effective Teaching and Meaningful Learning in Mathematics, Science, and Technology", Proceedings of ISTE International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, South Africa
[4] A Statement on Scientific Temper (1981). Retrieved 16 June, 2016 from Education Documentation Center website http://el.doccentre.info/eldoc1/setdev/810725mns1B.pdf
[5] NCERT Position Paper on Science 2005. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ncert.nic.in/new_ncert/ncert/rightside/links/focus_group.html

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Shashi Deshpande's That Long Silence A Paradigm Of Communication Breakdown
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Jabeen R. Siddiqui
	:	10.9790/0837-2203065962

Abstract: Shashi Deshpande is an award winning novelist and a short story writer. Her novels replicate their high significant minds of women's identity seem to disclose the vital and classic theme of feminist literature. Her novels are deeply rooted in India and she describes the Indian society. The women writers of Indian English literature have prominently contributed to improve modern Indian English fiction. The boredom and total dullness of life of a woman with substance comfort is brilliantly represented. She makes an attempt to explore the inner psyche of the modern women who are at the cross lines between tradition and modernity...........

Keywords: Identity, communication, emotionally, suppression, disturbed, subjugated.

[1] Deshpande, Shashi. That Long Silence. Haryana, Gurgaon: Penguin Books India Ltd, 1988, .7.
[2] Sherry, Ruth. Studying Women's Writing; In Introduction. London: Edward Arnold,1988,6.
[3] Wright, N .H. Communication: Key To Your Marriage: The Secret To True Happiness.2012, 6.
[4] Das, V.N. Feminism And Literature .New Delhi: Prestige Books, 1995, 11.
[5] Deshpande, Shashi. That Long Silence. Gurgaon, Haryana: Prestige Books, 1988, 147-148.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Crises experienced in church organizations: The case of Parklands Baptist Church Nairobi Kenya
Country	:	Kenya
Authors	:	Martin kuria
	:	10.9790/0837-2203066367

Abstract: This study evaluated crisis preparedness in churches and focused mainly on crisis communication in Parklands Baptist Church (PBC) in Nairobi, Kenya. The study's main objective was to find out the types of crises that have affected the church in the past 5 years. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study established that the church experiences crisis but mostly from a rare to often basis. A sizeable number of PBC congregants indicated to have observed different crises in the church. It was inferred that the church rarely communicates to inform about crises to its congregants and this would explain why most congregants in Churches held the belief that the church is rarely engulfed in crises.

Key words:- Crisis, Church, Congregants, Crisis Preparedness Communication

[1] Adubato, S. (2014). Communication crisis for the Catholic Church. Cacus Education Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.caucusnj.org/adubato/starledger/catholic-comm.aspx
[2] Bourne, D. (2007). Beach pastor charged with embezzling from church. Pilotonline.com Retrieved from http://hamptonroads.com/node/335721
Combs, T. (2012). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning managing and responding. Carlifornia Sage Publications, Inc
[3] Kwama, K. (2014, February 10). UK's Winners' Chapel at the center of newspaper probe. The Standard Xtra, p. 2. Retrieved from www.standardnews.co.ke
[4] Kothari, C. R, (2004) Research methodology: Methods and techniques (2nd eds.). New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.
[5] Kombo, D., & Tromp, D. (2006). Proposal and thesis writing: An introduction. Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Theatrics In Modern Christian Worship In Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	ILAMI KRAMA CLIVE
	:	10.9790/0837-2203066872

Abstract: The theatre as an institution is expressive of all relationships and vital in the interaction process of the people. The theatre enhances the adoption and adaptation of processes that make every society stable. A cursory look at the history of the theatre reveals a robust romance between the theatre and all forms of religion. It is a historical fact that the theatre emerged from ceremonies of worship. The focus of this paper is on the various effects and elements of the theatre that are evident on Christian worship as well as the role of these effects on the flow of the worship activities. From the medieval period when the theatre was copiously used to enhance clarity of the church doctrine, the theatre...........

Key words: Theatrics, Worship, Christian, Modern, Elements, Rites.

[1] Alexis Soloski; 'The Theatre should say its prayers', in the guardian https:www.theguardian.courst- retrieved on 25th January 2017:10
[2] Daniel Ilega; (ed) Studies in World Religion, Ado-Ekiti, Hamaz Global Publishers. 2001
[3] Fatunbe Verger;' The Status of Yoruba Religion in Brazil' in Kiabara Journal Port Harcourt, University of Port Harcourt Press, 1978.
[4] Edwin Wilson, the theatre experience (7t edition), new York, Mcgraw Hill, 2004
[5] Ilami Krama, African Traditional Theatre and Drama: Themes and perspectives. Port Harcourt University of Port Harcourt, Press. 2013

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Utilizing Linguistic Resources in the Analysis of Poetry
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Dr. Mukhalad Malik
	:	10.9790/0837-2203067376

Abstract: The major aim of the current paper is to investigate the probabilities of utilizing language based approach in the analysis of literature, specifically, poetry. The study in particular focuses on how certain linguistic resources can be utilized to analyse poetry in terms of explaining some selected lines of specific poems; that is, a language based approach to the analysis of poetry. This is done throughout the entire paper by applying specific linguistic resources including lexical, syntactic and phonological analyses. The article explicitly reveals that utilizing such resources in the analysis of poetry plays a significant role in understanding and conveying the intended message. Such analysis is definitely useful for a better and more comprehensive interpretation of various lines in various poems. This method is worth consideration because it is based on a linguistic analysis of literature.

Key words: Utilizing, linguistic resources, literary analysis, interpretations, meanings

[1] Bakhtin, Mikhail. 1981. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Ed. by M Holquist, transl. by C. Emerson and M. Holquist. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press.
[2] Biber, Douglas.1988. Variation across speech and writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[3] Boulton, M.1979. The Anatomy of Poetry. New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers.
[4] Duffy, Carol Ann.1994. Selected Poems. London: Penguin.
[5] Eliot, T. S.1963. Collected Poems. GB.: Faber and Faber Ltd.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Persons with Disabilities, A Lagging Group of Society in Uttarakhand: From Commitments to Outcomes
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Manisha Shah || J.C. Joshi || Jyoti Kundal
	:	10.9790/0837-2203067782

Abstract: The term 'Persons with Disabilities' applies to all those people who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments that, in the face of various negative attitudes or physical obstacles, may prevent disabled persons from participating fully in society. They are routinely subjected to all forms of discrimination, denial and deprivation of rights with the result that they are often marginalised and excluded. There have been deep and persistent negative stereotypes and prejudices against persons with certain conditions and differences............

Keywords: Disabled, Impairment, Negligence, Social Barriers, Rehabilitation, Isolation

[1] Note: * Sightsavers along with Blind People's Association (Ahmedabad) has taken a considerable effort to compile the information on the various policies and schemes of the central and state government in India for People with Disabilities.
[2] ** In Census 2011 information on eight types of disability has been collected i.e. in seeing, in hearing, in speech, in movement, mental retardation, mental illness, any other, multiple disability.
[3] *** State Grants are subject to revise.
[4] The World Bank Report (2007), 'People with Disability in India: From Commitments to Outcomes', Human Development Unit, South Asian Region, The World Bank, New Delhi.
[5] Barton, Len (1996), 'The Struggle for Citizenship: The Case of Disabled People', Disability, Handicap and Society, 8(3), pp 235-248.