IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2017

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Retrospective Examination of 2012 Fuel Subsidy Removal Crisis in Nigeria: Content Analysis of Selected National Daily Newspapers
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Adeyemi Aderogba Ph.D
	:	10.9790/0837-2204020108

Abstract: Nigerian government has over the years made several unsuccessful attempts at removing fuel subsidy. The attempt made in 2012 led to a nation-wide carnival-like protests in all the major cities of the country The protests which involved workers of both formal and informal sectors of the economy as well as the unemployed youths disrupted economic activities in the country for almost two weeks. The research reported in this paper is based on a content analysis of four Nigerian national newspapers and their coverage of the protests that greeted the fuel subsidy removal...........

Keywords: Anti-subsidy removal, corruption, fuel subsidy removal, oil industry, pro-subsidy removal.

[1] Adeyemi, Government Amnesty Programme and Peace Efforts in the Niger Delta Region: An Analysis of Newspapers' Coverage. European Scientific Journal July edition, 12, 2016, 26-37. (21)
[2] Adeyemi, Nigerian media and corrupt practices: The need for paradigm shift. European Scientific Journal, 9(1), 2013, 125-126. (20) [3] Adeyemi and G. Olanipekun Gbenga, Nigerian Government's Attempts at Removing Fuel Subsidy and the Attendant Mass Protests: A Content Analysis of National Newspapers' Coverage, in N. Okorie, B. Ojebuyi and A. Salawu (Eds.), Impacts of the media on African socio-economic development, (Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2016) 173 -191. (10)
[4] Agbon, The real cost of Nigeria petrol. The Guardian, January 8, 2012, 7. (2)
[5] O. Akanle and O. Adetayo, Fuel subsidy in Nigeria: contexts of governance and social protest. The International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 34(1), 88-106. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1507643077?accountid=12528 (15)

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Organizational memory as a mechanism of formation and development of organizational culture
Country	:	Ukraine
Authors	:	Kateryna Myhaylyova || Kateryna Bannikova
	:	10.9790/0837-2204020915

Abstract: The paper develops the concept of organizational memory, which is seen as a mechanism for the development of organizational culture. Based on the analysis of the essence of the organizational culture and of the factors of its formation (primary, secondary, external, internal) the author shows the need to address the organizational memory as a phenomenon. The author suggests the interpretation of this phenomenon as a historical set of corporate values, knowledge, processes and phenomena that can be updated under certain conditions, as well as identified by all personnel in the organization according to the processes of the localization of the memories by any organizational entity.............

Keywords:- Mechanisms of functioning of the organizational culture, organizational culture, organizational culture factors, organizational memory

[1] T. Parsons, The system of coordinates and a general theory of action systems: culture, identity and social systems in The American sociological thought: texts (Moscow : University Press, 1994) 462 - 478.

[2] E.Schein, Organizational Culture and Leadership ( Jossey-Bass, 1991) .
[3] Factors influencing the characteristics of the organizational culture [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://lo1.ru/gos/6/4.htm
[4] Factors influencing organizational culture [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http: //www.studfiles.ru/preview/5251863/page: 73 /
[5] J. P. Walsh, G. R. Ungson, Organizational Memory Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review; vol.16, 1, Jan 1991, 57-91.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Democracy, Democratic Governance and Nigeria's National Development: An Analysis of the Intricate Relationship
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Umar, Mohammed Bello PhD || Mallam Isa Suraj
	:	10.9790/0837-2204021622

Abstract: MOST of the answers to the question as to whether there is link between democracy and development will of course depend on how one perceives and defines 'development'. If one is to follow and also adopt an understanding that denote development as 'freedom' – a broad and perhaps an ideal definition that incorporates not only economic indicators but also freedoms like human and political rights, social opportunities, transparency guarantees and protective security, then democracy is implicitly causative of development. Debates on a rights-based approach to development also are recently more focused more on participation, accountability, and other..............

KEY WORDS: Change, Democracy, Development, Governance, Modernization

[1] Almond G. A. and Verba, S., 1963. The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[2] Bardhan, P., 'Democracy and Development: A Complex Relationship'. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley.
[3] Bates, R., 1981. Markets and States in Tropical Africa: the Political Basis of Agricultural Policies, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
[4] Boucher, R. (2000): 'Towards a Community of Democracies'. Press Statement, Washington, DC: US State Department, Office of the Spokesperson.
[5] Bratton, M. and van de Walle, N.,1994. Democratic Experiments in Africa: Regime Transitions in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Computer-Mediated Communication(CMC) as a tool for language teaching
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Mustafa Khalid Saleh Al-Rawi
	:	10.9790/0837-2204022328

Abstract: Mediated communication (CMC) is the most significant and popular.............

[1] Asterhan,C.S.andEisenmann,T.(2011).Introducingsynchronousediscussiontoolsincolocatedclassrooms:Astudyonthe experiencesof 'active'and'silent'
[2] secondaryschoolstudents.ComputersinHumanBehavior,27(6),2169-2177.Bueno-Alastuey,M.C.(2013).InteractionalfeedbackinSynchronousVoicebasedComputerMediatedCommunication:Effectofdyad.System,41(3), 543-559.
[3] Çubukçu,H.andKutlu,Ö.(2013).ComputerMediatedCommunication:AnObservationonGenderinChatRooms.Procedia-SocialandBehavioralSciences,70, 724-730.
[4] Develotte,C.Guichon,N.andVincent,C.(2010)theuseofwebcamforteachingaforeignlanguageinadesktopvideoconferencingenvironment.ReCALL, 22(3), 293-312.
[5] Guiller,J.andDurndell,A.(2007).Students'linguisticbehaviourinonlinediscussiongroups:Doesgendermatter?.ComputersinHumanBehavior,23(5), 2240-2255.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Stylistic Study of the Use of Complex Sentences in Poe's The Black Cat
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Mukhalad Malik
	:	10.9790/0837-2204022931

Abstract: The present study aims at showing the significance of using complex sentences as a stylistic feature in literary works. Specifically, it is concerned with analysing the use of complex sentences in The Black Cat by Edgar Alan Poe. The paper sheds lights on the stylistically useful uses of such kinds of sentences in this short story as a means of conveying ideas, depicting characters and relating events which are central to the story. The analysis is based on Leech and Short model (1981) as far as the analysis of complex sentences and their other components is concerned. It is concluded that by means of complex sentences, Poe conveys his multiple ideas and shows various aspects of the characters involved, in addition to their useful exploitation in the major events in the story.

Key words :- Complex sentence, style, The Black Cat, express, main ideas, clauses

[1] Gracia, A. (2002). The Mexicans Americans. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group.
[2] James W. Gargano (1963). The Question of Poe's Narrators in College English. Vol. 25, No. 3, December pp. 177-81.
[3] Leech, G. and M. Short (1981). Style in Fiction. London: Longman.
[4] Poe, Edgar, A. Web edition (2014). The Black Cat. Australia: The University of Adelaide Library,
[5] Quirk, R. and S. Greenbaum (1973). A University Grammar of English. London: Longman.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Challenges before International Commercial Arbitration in India and new hope for its improvements under the Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2015: An analysis
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Prof. (Dr.) Rajesh Bahuguna || Vijay Srivastava
	:	10.9790/0837-2204023245

Abstract: Arbitral Awards, Choice of law, Commercial Disputes, Conflict of law, Procedural law, Seat of arbitration, etc. In International trade and commerce, every commercial activity is generally preceded by a contract fixing the obligations of the parties to avoid legal disputes. But in this, No matter how carefully a contract is drafted, one party to the contract may understand his right and obligations in a different way. Often international trade involves traders belonging to different countries whose legal systems may differ in many ways to that of the other, presenting complicated and even conflicting features. The law courts of each country have jurisdiction only within the territorial limits of the concerned country.................

Key words :- International commercial arbitration, UNCITRAL, cross border Trade

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Social Networking Sites (SNS) and Family Relationship: A Study on Youths of Dhaka City
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	Saida Sultana
	:	10.9790/0837-2204024652

Abstract: This study is designed to inspect whether greater use of the social networking sites is associated with the declining family relationship among the youth internet users of Dhaka city. The major hypotheses of this study are: (a) Use of social networking site is negatively related to family cohesion. (b) Those who spend more time on internet spend less time with their parents. The study used quantitative method of data collection. The sample consisted of 384 youth internet users in Dhaka city. Results of chi-square, correlation and logistic regression analysis suggests that, use of social networking sites is strongly associated all with components of family relationship. The overall findings of this study suggests that the greater use of the social networking sites is highly influential to the breakdown of family relationship.

Key words :- Family, internet, social networking sites, youth, family cohesion.

[1] Giddens, A. Sociology. (Cambridge: Polity Press 2006).Bargh, JA. McKenna, K. Y. A., Fitzsimons GM. 'Can You See the Real Me? Activation and Expression of the 'True Self' on the Internet' J. Soc. Issues. 58(1), 2002, pp.33–48.
[2] Glaser, J., Dixit, J. & Green, D.P. 'Studying Hate Crime with the Internet: What Makes Racists Advocate Racial Violence?' J. Soc. Issues. 58 (1), 2002, pp. 177–193.
[3] Hughes, R. Jr. & Hans, JD. 'Computers, the Internet, and Families: A Review of the Role New Technology Plays in Family Life' J. Fam.Issues. 22 (2), 2001, pp. 778–792.
[4] Orleans, M., & Laney, M. C. (2000) 'Children's Computer Use in the Home: Isolation or Socialization?' Social Science Computer Review. 18 (3), 2000, pp. 56–72.
[5] Nie, N. and Erbring, L. (2000) 'Internet and Society: A Preliminary Report'.Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society: Stanford University. Retrieved May 2001(http://www.stanford.edu/group/siqss/Press_Release/Preliminary_Report-4-21.pdf).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Relation Between Intelligence And Other Cognitive Abilities Of Monolinguals And Bilinguals
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Preeti Gulati || Dr. Davinder Singh Johal
	:	10.9790/0837-2204025363

Abstract: The present study was conducted to assess the relation of cognitive abilities of monolinguals and bilinguals to intelligence. The sample of 200 monolinguals (100 and 100 girls) and 200 bilinguals (100 and 100 girls) was selected from different schools of Amritsar city. Different measures of intelligence, problem solving ability, concept formation and creativity were administered on the subjects. The data collected was further subjected to correlational analysis; the results indicated that both bilinguals and monolinguals showed high and positive correlation of intelligence with measure of creativity (i.e. Fluency, Flexibility, Originality and Elaboration) except verbal flexibility in case of bilinguals and figural originality in terms of monolinguals. Whereby bilinguals showed a positive relation between intelligence and problem solving abilities and monolinguals do not. Both the linguistic groups showed the similar relation between intelligence and conceptual development.

Keywords :- Bilinguals, Cognitive Abilities, Correlation, Intelligence, Monolinguals

[1] B.L. Whorf, Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf: John B. Carroll (Ed) (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1956).
[2] E. Sapir, Culture, language and society: Selected essays. D.G. Mandelbaum (Ed.). Berkley (CA: University of California Press, 1956).
[3] R. Rotry, The linguistic turn( Chicago: UPC, 1992).
[4] L. S. Vygotsky, Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1978).
[5] J. Piaget, Piaget's theory, in P.H.Mussen (Ed.), Carmichael's manual of child psychology 3 (New York: Wiley, 1985)1,703-732.