IOSR-JHSS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2020

Abstract: The main thrust of this paper is to examine: Population distribution, density and development indicators in Nigeria: The Cross River State example. The empirical approach utilized in the paper was dependent on the Cross River State Bureau of Statistics. The demographic dividend of the Nigerian population and that of Cross River State has changed overtime because of the change in the population structure and composition. The undermining factors are the socio-economic variables like the income level, migration, place of residence and among other variables. Most of these variables have influenced population distribution and density. Population growth has remained one of the development indicators in Nigeria and other African society. The Cross River State Demographic.....

Keywords: Population, distribution, dividend, density and development indicators

[1]. Akanni, I., Akinyemi, I &UcheC.A. (2014). Demographic dynamics and development in Nigeria: Issues and perspectives. Journal of African Population Studies (27), 2
[2]. Akanni, T., Akinyemi,O.&Uche, S.G (2014). Migration, Mortality and Morbidity in Africa. International Journal of Epidemiology.18(23):298-206
[3]. Anusionwu, E. Chukwuma, A. (2018). "Management of industrial location through public infrastructure development and population: The Nigerian experience," The Nigerian Journal of Economic and Social Studies 20 351–378.
[4]. Anusionwu, R. T &Chukwuma, A. (2018). The changing trend of African population: The Nigerian perspective. International Journal of Refugees and International Migration.11(27):290-309
[5]. Bloom, A. (2002). Introduction to Sociology: A population approach. Lagos: Serenity publishers

Abstract: This paper examines the role of foreign institutional loans in addressing the challenge of poverty in Nigeria. The Foreign Institutional loans focused in this study are World Bank, IMF, African Development Bank (AfDB) and Paris Club loans. Time series data spanning from 1980-2017 on each of the variables were sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics and World Development Indicators (WDI). The augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Johansen multivariate cointegration approach, vector error correction model (VECM) and Granger causality tests amongst others were employed as techniques for data analysis. The ADF unit root test results reveal that the variables are all stationary upon first difference and as such they are all I(1). The cointegration test results reveal that the linear combinations of the variables in the model lead to long run relationship. The estimated

Keywords: Foreign Institutional Loans, Poverty Rate, World Bank, IMF, AfDB and Nigeria.

[1]. Akram, N. (2016). Public debt and pro-poor economic growth evidence from South Asian countries.Economic research-Ekonomskaistraživanja, 29(1), 746-757.
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[5]. Domar (1946).Impact of Foreign Private Investment on the Development of Nigerian Capital Market.International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 1(2), 120-132..

Abstract: Background: Obstetric fistula is an abnormal connection between the vagina and the bladder or the rectum, a usual result of prolonged obstructed labour. It results in uncontrollable urine and/or feaces leakage. Documentation of life experiences of women affected helps inform programing. Methods: A qualitative research was conducted with participants who were attending a fistula repair camp at Chinhoyi Provincial Hospital, Zimbabwe. Participants were interviewed and the interviews recorded verbatim, transcribed and translated into English. Quality checks on translation were done. Scripts were analyzed using NVIVO 10 for demographic characteristics, circumstances surrounding fistula occurrence, life experiences living with obstetric fistula and participants‟ opinion.....

Key Words: Life experiences, fistula survivors, Zimbabwe

[1]. WHO (2014) WHO: 10 facts on obstetric fistula. WHO. http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obstetric_fistula/en/ (accessed June 2019).
[2]. Kimani ZM &Ogutu O (2014) The Prevalence and Impact of Obstetric Fistula on Women of Kaptembwa – Nakuru, Kenya. 4, 15.
[3]. Ijaiya MA &Aboyeji PA (2004) Obstetric urogenital fistula: the Ilorin experience, Nigeria. West Afr. J. Med.23, 7–9.
[4]. Adler AJ, Ronsmans C, Calvert C, et al. (2013) Estimating the prevalence of obstetric fistula: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth13, 246.
[5]. Animut M, Mamo A, Abebe L, et al. (2019) "The sun keeps rising but darkness surrounds us": a qualitative exploration of the lived experiences of women with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia. BMC Womens Health19, 37.

Abstract: Teaching strategy is one of the fundamental elements influencing the teaching and learning process. In English learning atmosphere, the implementation of the appropriate teaching strategies is one of the major purposes to enhance the students' English learning performance. This research aimed at finding out the impact of the implemented teaching strategies on the English learners' performance in Kampung Inggris Pare (KIP), Kediri, Indonesia. KIP Kediri, Indonesia is one of the reputable places for learning English in Indonesia as it can be a sample course place to obtain a model for effective learning environment for English learning. This research utilized qualitative method using basic interpretative study. It was held at INTERPEACE English Course, KIP, Kediri. The subjects of the research were two teachers who taught vocabulary and pronunciation. The instruments employed were.....

Key Words: Teaching strategies, vocabulary acquisition, pronunciation, phonetic recognition, teacher and student-centered approach

[1]. Afif, N. C., Sutiksno, D. U., Hardiyanto, N., &Shiratina, A.,2015. Building brand loyalty through increasing brand trust and brand effect. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 4(11), 336-340.
[2]. Anggreyni, D., 2014. Improving Students' Speaking Skill Through Guessing Game Technique at Grade X-I of SMA Negeri 1 Angkola Selatan Tapanuli Selatan. Komposisi.:JurnalPendidikan Bahasa Sastra dan Seni.ISSN 1411-3732.XV (1).1-15. Atmowardoyo, H. 2011.Case Study Method in TEFL Studies. A Paper Presented to international lecture on educational practices. Makassar 21-23 July 2011.
[3]. Ardiansah, D., 2014. KampungBahasaSebagai City Branding Kota Pare Kediri: Studi Kualitatif Komunikasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Kediri (Doctoral dissertation, UIN SunanAmpel Surabaya).
[4]. Argawati, N. O. 2014. Improving Students' Speaking Skill Using Group Discussion.ELTIN Journal.2(11).October 2014.
[5]. Avery, P. & Ehrlich, S. 2011. Teaching American English Pronunciation. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Abstract: This paper discusses possible ways to protect the rights and protect the legitimate interests of computer programmers and database creators. It gives a brief insight to effective legal protection of computer programs and databases within the framework of the current legislation, both in India and abroad with in the International legal framework of Computer programs and Databases protection. It also discuss the evolution of the International Regulations and the current position in order to protect Computer Programs and Databases.

Key Words: Computer Program, Databases, Intellectual Property, IPR, Software Protection.

[1]. SomayyaMadakam, Rajesh M. Holmukhe and Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal, The Future Digital Work Force: Robotic Process Automation, Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management, São Paulo, vol.16, Epub Jan 10, 2019
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[3]. Peter S. Menell ,Tailoring Legal Protection for Computer Software, STANFORD LAW REVIEW, Vol. 39, July 1987, pp. 1329-1371.
[4]. Nathaniel I. Durlach and Anne S. Mavor, Editors, Computer Hardware and Software for the Generation of Virtual Environments, Virtual Reality: Scientific and Technological Challenges, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1995, p. 247..

Abstract: The study evaluated women participation on rotating savings and credit associations for community development in Muthara division, Kenya. The study's objectives sought to:examine the existing by-laws governing day to day operations of ROSCAs; establish the community benefits of participating in ROSCAs and find out opportunities influencing output performance of ROSCAs. This study employed descriptive design and worked with a total sample of 171 members drawn from 176 ROSCA groups supplemented with group officials. The study employed questionnaires and interview schedules to collect data. Major notable socio-economic benefits enjoyed by ROSCA women participants were: accessing soft credits from the group at low interest rates, getting some money to pay part of school fees for their children, clearing part of medical expenses and buying some farm inputs such as fertilizer and seeds. The study concluded that the management practices influenced the performance of ROSCAs.

Key words: existing by-laws, community benefits, opportunities and output performance of ROSCAs.

[1]. Abera, B.D. & Zeller, M. (2009) Impart of Rainfall Shock on Smallholders Food Security and Vulnerability in Rural Ethiopia: Learning from Household Panel Data. Department of agricultural economics and social sciences in the tropics and subtropics (490a) university of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
[2]. Agegnehu,B. (2012). Why do Members join Indigenous Informal Financial Institutions - ROSCAs? An Empirical Evidence from ‗Equbs' in Ethiopia. Master's Degree Thesis No 710 · ISSN 1401-4084Uppsala.
[3]. Allen, H. & Panetta, D. (2010). Savings Groups: What Are They? Washington DC. The SEEP Network.
[4]. Ambec, S. &Treich, N. (2007) ‗ROSCAs as financial agreements to cope withself- control problems', Journal of Development Economics 2007, Vol. 82(1): 120- 137.
[5]. Anderson, S., BalandJ.M. &Moene, K.O. (2009) ―The Economics of ROSCAs and Intra-household Resource Allocation.‖ Quarterly Journal of Economics vol. 117 (3): pp. 963–995.

Abstract: Many Literatures has shown how female entrepreneurs are immensely affected by different facets like the traditional, sociocultural and economic context in which they function. Most of the time, especially in a close knitted society likesours they are required to work around patriarchal barriers with many domestic responsibilities. A qualitative research approach is applied in this study to explore the different drives and impact, that is, social and economic aspects of female entrepreneurs, using online questionnaires for interpretation. We will analyse why they have chosen this field of work, look at the problems and constraints faced by them and their stand in the social structure as they take the risks of entering this field, and give suggestions as well.

Key Words: Women, Entrepreneurs, Unorganised Sector, Business, Finance

[1]. Azmat, F.., 2013. Opportunities or obstacles? Understanding the challenges faced by migrant women entrepreneurs. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship , 5(2), pp.198-215.
[2]. Duflo, E., 2012. Women Empowerment and Economic Development. Journal of Economic Literature , 50(4), p. 1051–79.
[3]. ICRW, 2019. Women's Economic Empowerment: The Unintended. [Online] Available at: https://n2r4h9b5.stackpathcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Brief-Unintended-consequences_revised-Sept-9.pdf [Accessed march 2020].
[4]. Lalhunthara, 2015. Entrepreneurship and Gender: A Case Study of Micro Enterprises in Aizawl District, Mizoram. The International Journal Of Business & Management, 3(8), pp.46-51.

Abstract: Most of the tribes of North-East India were independent of outside influence until the arrival of the British in their land. The major break-through of outside influence started with the arrival of Christian missionaries and the introduction of western education that follows. The impact was so great that the Kuki society started experiencing tremendous change in their social, cultural and political life. Along with it, the very institution of the youths which serve as a great centre for education and training and transmission of age old customs and practice went out of practice. The paper is an attempt to put into picture, the importance of the traditional youth organisation in the simple village life of the kukis. The paper shall also highlight in the brief, the coming of Christianity and its effect on the traditional youth organisation..

Key Words: youth, organisation, traditional, institution, Christianity, change

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