iosr-JMCE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2016

Abstract: The primary purpose of this study is to determine the tensile strength and density) of the Indonesian term teki grass (Cyperus rotundus) in which this teki grass is used as the reinforcement materials for the production of fibre composite. The production process is carried out by using varieties of fiber directions ranging from 0°, 45°, 90°,and random.The methods in use is hand lay-up with 3 repetitions. Teki grass is chosen because it is easily found and has the following significances: biodegradable, harmless to health, available in nature in large quantities, and cost-efficient...........

Keywords: Tensile strength, density, composite, hand lay up, fiber direction

[1] Astuti, 2013, Pengaruh Ketebalan Serat Pelepah Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca) Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material Komposit Poliester Serat Alam. Jurnal Ilmiah.
[2] ASTM, "Annual Book of ASTM Standard" West Conshohocken, 2002.
[3] Composites World, 2009, The making of glass fiber, CompositesWorld.htm
[4] Diharjo K. dan Nuri S.H., 2006, Studi Sifat Tarik Bahan Komposit Berpenguat Serat Rami Dengan Matrik Unsaturated Poliester, Proseding, Seminar Nasional Teknik Mesin FT Univ. Petra-Surabaya..
[5] Hartono Yudo, 2010, Analisa Teknis Rekayasa Serat Enceng Gondok Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Komposit Ditinjau dari kekuatan tarik, Jurnal Ilmiah.

Abstract: This paper discusses selection of optimum welding parameters to increase welding nozzle life. Taguchi method was used for obtaining an orthogonal array of parameters selected. ANSYS work bench is used for calculating heat flux generated and temperature distribution along the welding nozzle. Reduction in heat flux generation will reduce spatter deposition and will prevent the increase of inner diameter of welding nozzle, hence increasing the life of welding nozzle

Keywords: ANSYS work bench, Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding, Orthogonal array, Taguchi Method, Welding nozzle

[1]. Sindo Kou, "Welding Metallurgy", second edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2003
[2]. G.S. Peace, Taguchi Methods, A Hands-on Approach, Addision-Wesley, MA, 1992.
[3]. Julie Z. Zhang, Joseph C. Chen, E. Daniel Kirby, Surface roughness optimization in an end-milling operation using the Taguchi design method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 184, pp. 233–239, 2007.
[4]. Ross, P.J., Taguchi Technique for Quality Engineering, 1988 (McGraw-Hill: New York).
[5]. M. Nalbant, H. Gokkaya, G. Sur, Application of Taguchi method in the optimization of cutting parameters for surface roughness in turning, Materials and Design 28, pp. 1379–1385, 2007.

Abstract: This paper concerns the development of a methodology for use of Infrared thermography (IRT) for online prediction of mechanical structural vibration behaviour; given that it has extensively been applied in non-destructive technique for evaluation of surface cracks through the observation of thermal imaging of the vibration-induced crack heat generation. To achieve this, AISI 304 steel cantilever beam coupled with a slipping friction rod subjected to a forced mechanical excitation with an infrared camera capturing the thermal profile at the friction interface............

Keywords: frictional heat generation, structural defect, structural health indicators, SHM, vibration

[1] F. Wei, Q. Pizhong, Vibration-based Damage Identification Methods: A Review and Comparative Study, Structural Health Monitoring 10(1), 2010, 83-111.
[2] N.K. Mukhopadhyay , S.G. Chowdhury, G. Das, I. Chattoraj, S.K. Das, D.K. Bhattacharya, An investigation of the failure of low pressure steam turbine blades, Engineering failure analysis 5(3), 1998, 181-193.
[3] S.E. Moussavi Torshizi, S.M. Yadavar Nikravesh, A. Jahangiri, Failure analysis of gas turbine generator cooling fan blades, Engineering Failure Analysis 16(5), 2009, 1686-1695.
[4] T.T.H. Le, N. Point, P. Argoul, G. Cumunel, Structural changes assessment in axial stressed beams through frequencies variation, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 110 2016, 41-52.
[5] S.J. Rao, Turbo-machine blade vibration (first edition), New Delhi: New age international publishers 1991, 7-20.

Abstract: The effect of the design guidelines on the aerodynamics was not of prime importance in the past, but with the increased concern about future availability of fuel, fuel economy becomes an important requirement expected of a modern car or utility vehicle. Fuel consumption depends, among other factors, on the aerodynamic drag of vehicle. The research-undertaken deals with an experimental estimation of CD (drag coefficient) for Pajero car,(scale 1/30) using the strain gauge method ( FLA-6-11 type, 120Ω, 2.12 gauge factor, half-bridge connection), which was proved to be practical and reasonably accurate. Experiments were run within a subsonic aspiration wind tunnel,..........

Keywords: Strain gauge, Drag coefficient, Wind tunnel, Aerodynamics of automobile, Static loading, Dynamic loading, Half bridge connection.

[1]. Itsuhei Kohri, Teppei Yamanashi & Takayoshi Nasu, "Study on the transient behavior of the vortex structure behind Ahmed body",SAE 2014.
[2]. Muzafferuddin Mahmood,"flow visualization in Wind Tunnels", 2011.
[3]. M.J.Iremonger,"Basic Stress Analysis", 1984.
[4]. DeltaΔLab, " Soufflerie Subsonique a aspiration EA600", France 2014.
[5]. Tokyo Sokki Kenkyujo Co. "TML Strain Gauge Test Data", Japan,2015.

Abstract: This study concerns with finding the geometric dimensions of a plate girder which minimize the total weight and satisfy the design requirements using Genetic Algorithm (GA), Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP), Goal Attainment (GATT), and Multilevel Optimization methods. The total volume of a stiffened plate girder is minimized subjected to the provisions of the British Standard (BS 5950: 2000-1). The design variables are taken as the cross-section dimensions. The results indicate that the considered optimization methods are successfully and efficiently used in this study but the SQP method is easier in use and faster in finding the global minimum.

Keywords: Plate girder, Optimization, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP), Goal Attainment (GATT), and Multilevel Optimization.

[1] A.G.J Way, and P.R. Salter, Introduction to Steelwork Design to BS 5950-1:2000 (The Steel Construction Institute: Silwood Park, 2003).
[2] U. Kirsch, Multilevel optimal design of reinforced concrete structures, Engineering Optimization, 6, 1983, 207-212.
[3] H. AL-Tabtabai, A.P. Alex, and R. James, Slap formwork design using genetic algorithm, Durability of Building Materials and Components, 4, 1999, 2407-2418.
[4] K. Fu, Y. Zhai, and S. Zhou, Optimum Design of Welded Steel Plate Girder Bridges Using a Genetic Algorithm with Elitism, Journal of Bridge Engineering, 10(3), 2005, 291-301.
[5] V. Agrawal, V. Chandwani, and A. Porwal,Optimum design of welded steel plate girder using genetic algorithms, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 3(4), 2013, 1209-1213..

Abstract: The need to decrease the consumption of materials and energy and to promote the use of renewable resources, such as bio fuels, stresses the importance of evaluating the performance based on the second law of thermodynamics.Developing countries like India depend heavily on oil import of about 125 Mt per annum (7:1 diesel/gasoline).Diesel being the main transport fuel in India, finding a suitable alternative to diesel is an urgent need. Stringent emission norms in addition to the depletion of petroleum fuels have necessitated the search for alternate fuels for diesel engines.........

[1]. No SY, Inedible vegetable oils and their derivatives for alternative diesel fuels in CI engines: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15(1):131–49.
[2]. Azam MM, Waris A, Nahar NM, Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-traditional seed oils for use as biodiesel in India. Biomass and Bio energy 2005;29(4):293–302.
[3]. Pinzi S, Garcia IL, Gimenez FJL, Castro MDL, Dorado G, Dorado MP, The ideal vegetable oil-based biodiesel composition: A review of social, economical and technical implications. Energy & Fuels 2009;23:2325–41.
[4]. Kumar A, Sharma S, Potential non-edible oil resources as biodiesel feed-stock: An Indian perspective. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15(4):1791–800.
[5]. Sanford SD, White JM, Shah PS, Wee C,Valverde MA, Meier GR, Feedstock and biodiesel characteristics report; 2011. Available from: http://www.regfuel.com/pdfs/Feedstock%20and%20Biodiesel%20Characteristics%20Report.pdfS

Abstract: In this project it is proposed to carry out progressive collapse analysis of 13 storey RC frame building by removing different column one at a time as per the GSA guidelines. Building consists of 5 X 5 bay 5 m in both direction and designed by Indian code as a special moment resistant frame. Structural model of building has been created in ETABS and loads are applied as per GSA guidelines, for evaluation of progressive collapse linear static method of analysis and nonlinear static method of analysis has been used. As per GSA guidelines three column removal case one at a time has studied, namely Corner column removal at ground floor, Exterior column at ground floor and interior column at ground floor. For all three cases both linear and nonlinear analysis has done and DCR ratios are evaluated. Member having DCR ratio greater than 2 will going to fail for corresponding column removal case.........

Keywords: Progressive Collapse Analysis, Nonlinear Static Analysis, DCR ratio, Linear Static Analysis etc.

[1]. DimitrisDiamantidis, "Robustnessof buildings in Structural codes", Joint work shop of COST actions TU0601 and E55, September 21-22 2009, Lajubjana,Slovenia.
[2]. Meng-Hao Tsai and Bing-Hui Lin, "Investigation of progressive collapse resistance and inelastic response for an earthquake-resistant RC building subjected to column failure", Engineering Structures 30 (2008), pp 3619-3628.
[3]. Huda Helmy, Hamed Salem and SherifMourad, "Progressive collapse assessment of framed reinforced concrete structures according to UFC guidelines for alternative path method", Engineering Structures, 42 (2012), pp 127–141.
[4]. SewerynKokot, ArmelleAnthoine, Paolo Negro and George Solomos, "Static and dynamic analysis of a reinforced concrete flat slab frame building for progressive collapse", Engineering Structures, 40 (2012), pp205–217.
[5]. J.M. Russell, J.S. Owen and I. Hajirasouliha, "Experimental investigation on the dynamic response of RC flat slabs after a sudden column loss", Engineering Structures, 99 (2015), pp28–41...

Abstract:Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have become important materials for the new structures and application of FRP is efficient in repairing and strengtheningconstructionswhich werearchitecturallyweak. For applications of structures, an overview of different FRP composites are provided by various polymer composites and in civil structures FRP composites are used for reinstatement or firming up the elemental constituent. Now a days various researches are going oninternationally regarding the use of FRP, wraps, laminates and sheets in the renovation and hardening concrete members.FRPis an alternate process to renovation of structures which is also economical. FRPis being usingeffectively in various cases like lessload, high strength and stability. The purpose of this paper is to discuss about different properties, types, applications of FRP. Some case studies & practical applications used in worldwide are also discussed in this paper.

Keywords: FRP, Properties of FRP, Advantages and Drawbacks of FRP, Application.

[1]. Ceroni.F, Cosenza.E, Gaetano.M, Pecce.M, "Durability issues of FRP rebars in reinforced concrete membes", Available online 30August 2006 at Science Direct.
[2]. Slusarek.J, Kostrzanowska.A, "Durability and repair problems of reinforced concrete columnar structure", Accepted on 18.02.2010 in Architecture civil engineering environment.
[3]. Oliveira, Daniel.V, Ghiassi,Bahman, Lourenco, Paulo.B, "Bond behaviour and durability of FRP composites applied externally to masonry structures", 9th international masonry conference 2014 in Guimaraes.
[4]. Cusson.R, Xi.Y, "The behaviour of fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement in low temperature environmental climate", Sponsored by Colorado Department of Transportation, December 2002.
[5]. Homam.S, Sheikh.S, Mukherjee.P, "Durability of fiber reinforced polymer wraps and external FRP-concrete bond", Research report Published on January 2000...