iosr-JMCE   Volume-19 ~ Issue-3 ~ May – Jun. 2022

Abstract: Rolling element bearings are considered as critical components because any defect in this led to malfunctioning of complete system. Vibration and acoustic measurement are most commonly used for conditioning monitoring to study the vibration response of faulty bearing. In this work single point fault is created on rolling element, Inner race and outer race then vibration response of these bearing is considered. Also, by increasing the clearance between sleeve and shaft vibration response of the bearing is taken. These results are then compared to healthy bearing vibration response and different defects frequencies. The identification of bearing defects is obtained by extracting characteristic defect frequencies from vibration signal of effective bearing.

Keywords: Defect frequency, Frequency defect domain, Vibration response, Acoustic response

[1]. Y. He and X. Zhang, "Defect diagnosis for rolling element bearings using acoustic emission", Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, vol. 131, 2009, 061012-1061012-10.
[2]. Govt of India, ministry of railways, 2009," Guidlines of use of acoustic emission techniques on railway bridges", BS104.
[3]. Z. Taha and N. T. Dung, 2010, "Rolling element bearing fault detection with a single point defect on the outer raceway using Finite Element Analysis", 11th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Conference, Melaka,
[4]. N. Tandon and A. Choudhury, 1999, "A review of vibration and acoustic measurement methods for the detection of defects in

Abstract: The challenge in technology is to innovate in technology and materials in carrying out water filtration processes that are more cost-effective but have a better level of efficiency and effectiveness than ever before. The test materials used were membranes with polymers made of polyetherculphons with 27.5wt%, 30wt%, and 32.5 wt% and titanium dioxide reinforcing agents with concentrations of 2wt% marine additives N.N Dimethylformamide. The membrane formation method was the phase inversion . The method used was the phase inversion, in which the polymer, reinforcement, and solvent were mixed homogeneously for approximately 2-3 hours, and the membrane was directly printed on a glass plate.........

Keywords: membrane; Polyethersulfone; titanium dioxide; N,N Dimethylformamide, Tensile Strength; SEM; Clean Water Permeability.

[1]. Madaeni, S.S., Ghaemi, N., Rajabi, H., 2015. Advances in polymeric membranes for water treatment, in: Advances in Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment: Materials, Processes and Applications. Elsevier Inc., pp. 3–41.
[2]. Zhang, R.X., Braeken, L., Luis, P., Wang, X.L., van der Bruggen, B., 2013. This study presents a novel and versatile approach to robustly bind TiO2 nanoparticles on thin film composite (TFC) membranes by using polydopamine, which is capable to self-polymerize on membranes as well as on the surfaces of nanoparticles. Journal of Membrane Science 437, 179–188.
[3]. Zhao, C., Xue, J., Ran, F., Sun, S., 2013. Modification of polyethersulfone membranes - A review of methods. Progress in Materials Science.
[4]. Costantino, F., Armirotti, A., Carzino, R., Gavioli, L., Athanassiou, A., Fragouli, D., 2020. In situ formation of SnO2 nanoparticles on cellulose acetate fibrous membranes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 398.
[5]. Hu, X., Dong, H., Zhang, Y., Fang, B., Jiang, W., 2021. Mechanism ofN,N-dimethylformamide electrochemical oxidation using a Ti/RuO2-IrO2electrode. RSC Advances 11, 7205–7213.

Abstract: The levels of heavy metals, namely Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb in water, flora and sediments along the Thika River, Kenya were studied in September 2015, to investigate their distribution and to determine the extent of pollution. The levels of selected heavy metals were determined using total X-ray fluorescence for water samples and energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence for sediment and algae samples. In general, the concentration levels of heavy metals in water samples ( g l-1) were; Mn (53.5 - 605), Cu (< 10 - 303), Zn (22 - 325), Ni (<15- 77), Pb (<10 - 84) while those in sediment samples (mg.........

Keywords: heavy metal, Cladohphora, geoaccumulation index, heavymetal

[1]. Rahman, (2011).Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Sediments of Some Polluted Rivers. A Thesis submitted in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering, pg. 7-119
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<https://www.opendata.go.ke/Population/2009-Census-Vol-1-Table-3-Rural-and-UrbanPopulati/e7c7-w67t/1>. Accessed 22/08/2016
[3]. Gathua, N. (2015). "Gatuaganya residents decry pollution of Chania River." <http://www.hivisasa.com/kiambu/environment/79222>.
[4]. Odira, P.M.A. (1991). 'Pollution Profile of Thika River.' 17th WEDC Conference: Infrastructure, Environment, water and People, pg. 285-288
[5]. Kelly, M.G. & Whitton, B.A. (1995). The trophic diatom index: a new index for monitoring eutrophication in the rivers. Journal of Applied Phycology. 7: 433-44.

Abstract: As we all know that Oxygen is very Important for us and oxygen is added as essential medicine on the list of the World Health Organization (WHO) , but it is still not easily available in countries which are developing, and they bear the greatest number of deaths of seriously ill newborn baby , children, and adult . Reasons for low oxygen supply are mostly associated with high price and lack of configuration to install and maintain suitable oxygen supply. Even at places where oxygen supply is easily accessible , due to missing accessories, patient access may be limited, deficient electricity or insufficient trained staff.........

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Abstract: Solar photovoltaic powered tricycle for disabled person (SPVPT-DP) was designed and fabricated to facilitate the movement of handicaps without polluting an environment and reduce the expenses of importing such item. Disabled persons are unable to attend school, work, or participate in the community activities due to an immobilizing disability. The designed SPVPT-DP has resulted into effortless to operate, and provide independence and confidence to ride on different road surfaces such as gravel, tarmac, paved and earth without assistance. It is expected that the SPVPT-DP will help people with disabilities to move from one place to another doing economic activities and interacting socially with others. This could help to reduce poverty among disabled persons, and hence contribute to the economic development of their nation.

Keywords: design, disabled persons, fabrication, solar photovoltaic, tricycle.

[1]. United Republic of Tanzania (URT), Tanzania National Science and Technology Policy, Ministry of Communication, Science and Technology, Dar es Salaam, Government Printer, 1996.
[2]. United Republic of Tanzania (URT), The National Research and Development Policy, Ministry of Communication, Science and Technology, Dar es Salaam, Government Printer, 2010.
[3]. United Republic of Tanzania (URT), The Tanzania Development Vision 2025, Planning Commission, Dar es Salaam, Government Printer, 1999.
[4]. United Republic of Tanzania (URT), National Five-Year Development Plan 2016/17– 2020/21, Ministry of Finance and Planning (MoFP), Dar es Salaam, Government Printer, 2016.
[5]. United Republic of Tanzania (URT), National policy on disability Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports, Dar es Salaam, Government Printer, 2004..

Abstract: An experimental study was carried out to investigate the strength properties of concrete produced with fly ash (FA) as partial replacement for cement. Concrete specimens (cubes and cylinders) were cast and tested for compressive and split-tensile strengths at 0% (control mix), 10%, 20% and 30% replacement of cement by weight with FA with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 and water/cement ratio of 0.45 after curing in water for 28 days. The results obtained reveal that the replacement of cement with FA had appreciable impact on the compressive, split-tensile and flexural strength of concrete. An optimum of 20% replacement of cement with FA is therefore recommended for concrete production

Keywords: fly ash, cement, concrete, strength.

[1]. Yunusa A, Onugba MA, Austyns OA, et al.. The use of waste marble dust as partial replacement for cement in concrete. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 2022:41(8): 39 – 46, doi: 10.9734/CJAST/2022/v41i831684
[2]. Bouaissi A, Li LY, Abdullah MAB, et al.. Fly ash as a cementitious material for concrete. In J. A. P. Arcas, C. Rubio-Bellido, A. Perez-Fargallo & I. Oropeza-Perez (Eds.). Zero Energy Buildings – New Approaches and Technologies. IntechOpen. 2020 https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90466
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[4]. Vilakazi AQ, Ndlovu S, Chipise L et al. The recycling of coal fly ash: a review on sustainable developments and economic considerations. Sustainability. 2022:14(1958): 1 – 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14041958
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Abstract: Reinforced concrete structures are considered as permeant structures that can be used for a long time. But, one of the most issues has been discussed in construction community was corrosion of embedded steel bars. Corrosion has a negative significantly effect on the behavior of reinforced concrete structures where decrease bar cross section, formats massive products, reduces bond between concrete and steel bars and also, reduced load capacities. To simulate corrosion under loading condition, the specimens were subjected to preloading before corrosion process. Also, addition of nano-silica to concrete mixes with variable ratios was studied to show......

Keywords: Corrosion; Nano-Silica; preloading; Beams retrofitting.

[1]. Broomfield J (2002) Corrosion of steel in concrete: understanding, investigation and repair, 2nd Ed. Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, United Kingdom.
[2]. Miyagawa, T. (1991). "Durability design and repair of concrete structures: chloride corrosion of reinforcing steel and alkali aggregate reaction", Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 43, No. 156, pp. 155–170.
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Spon.
[4]. Almusallam, A.A., Al-Gahtani, A.S. & Aziz, A.R., 1996. Effect of reinforcement corrosion on bond strength. Construction and Building Materials, 10(2), pp.123–129.
[5]. El Maaddawy, T.; Soudki, K.; Topper, T. Long-Term Performance of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams. ACI Struct. J. 2005, 102, 649–656

Abstract: Unskilled labour performance is one of the crucial aspects of labour productivity that requires proper attention for effective project delivery in the construction industry. The level of unskilled workers' low performance and their effect on construction has been seen to be a major factor which contributes to inefficient construction project productivity. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyse the effects of unskilled labour on the construction site, in Federal Polytechnic KauraNamoda. The objective was achieved through a structured quantitative method of the questionnaire distributed to 60 respondents that comprise active Builders, Quantity Surveyor, Architect, and Contractors on the construction site within the Polytechnic. 30 responses representing 50% were retrieved. The data was......

Keywords: Labour Performance; Construction Site; Construction Industry; Unskilled Labour.

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Information, 29:1, 40-50, DOI: 10.1080/09613210150208787
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[3]. Olubodun, O. (1999). Low productivity of the Nigeria construction workers, unpublished seminar paper, Building Department, OAU, Ile-Ife, 1-21.
[4]. Attar, A.A., Gupta, A. K., & Desai, D. B. (2012). A study of various factors affecting labour productivity and the methods to improve it. IOSR Journal of mechanical and civil engineering, 1(13), 11-14.
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Abstract: The rapid growth of infrastructure to accommodate modern civilization is demanding tall structures in cities. As structures are becoming gigantic, their lateral stability and undulation have to be tackled by engineering judgment. Structural system evolution has evolved without interruption to surmount the complications related to lateral stability and undulation, There are many strategies to flourish and adopted now these days to surmount this. One such structural system is the outrigger and belt truss structural system also in this project we are adopting the Shear wall method. The outrigger and belt truss structural system has proved to be the most promising structural......

Keywords: Tall building, outrigger, belt truss, shear wall, lateral stability, sway, displacement, Base shear, Base moment, Axial Force and Bending Moment.

[1]. Vаsudev M.V, Vinаy Раi, (2016) "Рerfоrmаnсe Study fоr Орtimum Lосаtiоn оf Multi-Оutrigger аnd Belt Truss System in Tаll Struсtures" Internаtiоnаl Jоurnаl fоr Sсientifiс Reseаrсh & Develорment (IJSRD), Vоl. 4, Issue 07.
[2]. Аlbert Рhiliр аnd Dr S. Elаvenil (2017) "Seismiс Аnаlysis оf High Rise Buildings with Рlаn Irregulаrity" Internаtiоnаl Jоurnаl оf Сivil Engineering аnd Teсhnоlоgy 8(4), рр. 1365–1375.
[3]. Wael Alhaddad, 1,2 Yahia Halabi, Hu Xu, 1 and Hong Gang Lei (2020) "Outrigger and Belt-Truss System Design for High-Rise Buildings: A Comprehensive Review Part II—Guideline for Optimum Topology and Size Design", Hindawi Advances in Civil Engineering Volume, Article ID 2589735
[4]. Shamanth N, Manohar D R (2021) "Outrigger Structural System in High-Rise Building" International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES) ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print):2320-9356.
[5]. Z. Bаyаti, M. Mаhdikhаni аnd А. Rаhаei (2008) "Орtimized use оf multi-оutriggers system tо stiffen tаll buildings" The 14th Wоrld Соnferenсe оn Eаrthquаke Engineering, Beijing, Сhinа, рр.1-8.