iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2016

Abstract: Ovarian cancer accounts for 3 % of all cancers in females[1]. Owing to diagnostic difficulty of ovarian cancers at early stage, most of them are diagnosed when they are at metastatic stage, thus they account for increased number of deaths occurring in women due to genital tract tumors. Ovarian Carcinomas are currently divided into Type I ( low grade) and Type II ( high grade ) tumours. [1] p53 and CD34 have been reported to play an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer...............

Keywords: CD 34, high grade, low grade, ovarian cancer, p53

[1]. Kumar, Abbas, Aster. The Female Genital Tract: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, South Asia Edition pg.1023,
pg.1029
[2]. Juan Rosai MD, Female Reproductive System, Rosai and Ackerman‟s Surgical Pathology, Tenth Edition, pg.1583.
[3]. Anna Yemelyanova, Russell Vang et al., Immunohistochemical staining patterns of p53 can serve as a surrogate marker for TP53
mutations in Ovarian carcinoma – An Immunohistochemical and Nucleotide Sequencing Analysis. Mod.Pathol. 2011;24(9):1248-
1253
[4]. Jennifer Permuthwey, Thomas A. Sellers et al., Epidemiology of Ovarian Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Vol. 472 of the series
Methods in Molecular Biology pp. 413 – 497.
[5]. Tanuja Rastogi, Susan Devesa et al., Cancer incidence rates among South Asians in four geographic regions : India, Singapore, UK
and US : International Journal of Epidemiology 2008; 37: 147 – 160

Abstract: Background: The extra hepatic biliary apparatus usually presents with some anatomical or embryological variations which go unnoticed and are commonly encountered during some radiological investigations or in operation theaters. Such variations of the morphology of Gall bladder have been well documented in the literature for many years but a detail morphological study of variations of the gall bladder and its incidence is very rare. In this era of quick results, increasing use of diagnostic and interventional procedures makes it important to study variations of gall bladder morphology...........

Keywords:- Cholecystectomies, Laparoscopically, Variations, Interventional, Malformations, external variations, shapes of gall bladder.

[1]. Chari RS, Shah SA. Biliary System In:Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM,Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook Of Surgery. 18th
Ed; St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:Chap. 54; 1474-14.
[2]. Jaba Rajguru, Satyam Khare, Shilpi Jain, Rashmi Ghai, Mukesh Singla, Prabhat Goel. Variations In The External Morphology Of
Gall Bladder. J. Anat. Soc. India 2012;61(1)9-12.
[3]. Hollinshed WH. Anatomy For Surgeons In The Liver And The Gall Bladder, 3rd Ed; Vol. 2; Harper And Row, Philadelphia, 1983,
334.
[4]. Shaher Z: Gallbladder Anomalies; Agenesis, Hourglass, And Liver Tissue Migration: Amultimedia Article. The Internet Journal Of
[5]. Surgery. 2005; 6(2): P. 9

Abstract: Increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in India has a direct association with the rising prevalence of obesity-related co-morbidities. Dietary factors are correlated with overweight and obesity; therefore, dietary intervention could be a target for obesity prevention. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of the diabetic population and to evaluate if white rice is contributing to the high prevalence of abdominal obesity, general obesity in the study group. Whether Waist Circumferece (WC) and Waist Hip Ratio(WHR) are better indices for measuring obesity than Body mass Index(BMI)..........

Keywords: Abdominal Obesity, Body Mass Index, General Obesity, Waist circumference, White Rice

[1]. Stein CJ. The epidemic of obesity Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 89:2522–5.
[2]. World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World
Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 894: i-xii, 1-253.
[3]. Lau DC. The Obesity Canada Clinical Practice Guidelines Steering Committee and Expert Panel. Synopsis of the 2006 Canadian
clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children. Can Med Assoc J. 2007;176:1103–
6
[4]. Allison DB, Saunders SE. Obesity in North America. An overview. Med Clin North Am 2000;84:305–32,
[5]. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, et al. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999–2008. JAMA 2010; 303: 235–
41.

Abstract: Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is a widespread and distressing condition that can have a deep impact on the children's behavior, emotional wellbeing and social life. Acupuncture treatment based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine theory has been commonly used to treat nocturnal enuresis. The main purpose of this work is to show a multiple cases of nocturnal enuresis in children, the effects and results from the acupuncture treatment. 13 children were treated, of which 8 male and 5 female. The children were on age from 6 to 22. Treatments were done on same acupoints, indoor on a room temperature, with duration of 35-40 minutes...............

Keywords: Acupuncture, children, nocturnal enuresis, treatment

[1]. NICE clinic guideline 111; Nocturnal enuresis: the management of bedwetting in children and young people; Issue date: Oct 2010
[2]. Zheng-tao Lv, Song W, Wu J et al; Efficacy of Acupuncture in Children with Nocturnal Enuresis: A Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials; Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine; Volume 2015; ID 320701;
2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/320701
[3]. Naseri M, Hiradfar M; Monosymptomatic and Non–monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: A Clinical Evaluation; Arch Iran Med.;
15(11):702 – 706.; 2012
[4]. F.Saettini , Marra C, Rota M et al; Acupuncture for the treatment of pediatric nocturnal enuresis: A systematic review and a metaanalysis
of randomized and non-randomized studies; Eur. J. Integr. Med. 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2015.08.002

Abstract: There are many protocols available for treating poisonous snake bites and every treating physician thinks that he is always right. We submit a prospective study done over a period of seven months in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu. This study emphasizes on low dose ASV as a measure for better clinical response and reducing the morbidity and mortality. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study is to prove that low dose ASV can reduce morbidity and mortality, if the guidelines given by state/ national/ WHO are followed on the basis of individual requirements.............

Keywords: Low dose ASV, snakebite, envenomation,

[1]. Kasturiratne A, Wickramsinghe AR, DeSilva N, et al. The global burden of snakebite: A literature analysis and modelling based on
regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLOS Med. 2008;5:e218
[2]. Sitprija V, Boonpucknavig V. The kidney in tropical snake bite. Clin. Nephrol. 1977; 8: 377–83
[3]. Sitprija V, Boonpucknavig V. Extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis in Russell's viper bite. Br. Med. J. 1980; 280: 1417
[4]. Shastry JCM, Date A, Carman RH, Johny KV. Renal failure following snake bite. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1977; 26: 1032–8
[5]. Gundappa RK, Sud K, Kohli HS et al. Snakebite induced acute interstitial nephritis: Report of a rare entity. Ren. Fail. 2002; 24:
369–72

Abstract: Trauma remains the most common cause of death for all individuals between the ages of 1 and 44 years and is the third most common cause of death regardless of age according to western data. The care of the trauma patient is demanding and requires speed and efficiency. Evaluating patients who have sustained blunt abdominal trauma remains one of the most challenging and resource-intensive aspects of acute trauma care. Our study is based on evaluation of 100 patients admitted in emergency department of a tertiary care centre with features of blunt abdominal trauma who were managed conservatively after thorough evaluation of patient and excluding any immediate operative intervention. This study establishes various outcomes of patients being managed conservatively after a blunt abdominal trauma .

[1] Fitzgerald M, Dewan Y, O'Reilly G. India and the management of road crashes: Towards a national trauma system. Indian J Surg.
2006;
[2] Joshipura MK, Mock C, Goosen J PM. strengthening trauma systems round the world. Essent Trauma Care. 2004;3:841–2.
[3] MK J. Total Trauma Care:International Perspective Hospital Today. Hosp Today. 1996;11:43–4.
[4] Dove DB ,Stahl WM DGC. a five year review of death following trauma. J trauma 20. :760.
[5] London PS. Abdominal injuries -- surgical aspects: a review. J R Soc Med.1979 Nov;72(11):842–5.

Abstract: Foreign body impacted in the rectum is a common clinical presentation but one in the sigmoid colon having migrated from rectum is not so common. We report a case of 12 year old boy who presented with abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant and irregular bowel habit for 6 months. X ray done on admission did not reveal any significant abnormality except a radio opaque linear shadow probably an artefact. Clinically it appeared to be acute appendicitis. On exploring the abdomen via McBurneys incision, a firm to hard lump was discovered in the RIF with dense adhesions.............

Keywords: Appendicitis, Sigmoidcolon, foreign body, enterotomy

[1] Hellinger MD: Anorectal trauma and foreign bodies. Surg Clin North Am; 2002; 82: 1253-60.
[2] Goldberg JE, Steele SR: Rectal foreign bodies. Surg Clin North Am; 2010; 90: 173-84.
[3] Ruiz del Castillo J, Sellés Dechent R, Millán Scheiding M, Zumárraga Navas P, Asencio Arana F: Colorectal trauma caused by
foreign bodies introduced during sexual activities: diagnosis and management.Rev Esp Enferm Dig; 2001; 93: 631-4.
[4] Ooi BS, Ho YH, Eu KW, Nyam D, Leong A, Seow-Choen F: Management of anorectal foreign bodies: a cause of obscure anal
pain. Aust N Z J Surg; 1988; 68: 852-5.
[5] Koornstra JJ, Weersma RK: Management of rectal foreign bodies: Description of a new technique and clinical practice
guidelines. World J Gastroenterol; 2008; 14: 4403-4406.

Abstract: The diagnosis of benign liver lesions have been increased due to current imaging modalities and liver function test. Early detection of benign liver lesions by various imaging modalities of liver function test (LFT) can be treated by non-invasive methods. Benign liver lesions include a broad spectrum of pathologies ranging from regenerative nodules to true neoplastic processes and various cystic lesions. In this study, 50 cases were studied, age ranging from 19 years to 86 years. Age wise distribution of cases in study group showed that majority of cases were between 21-30 years age group. Amoebic liver abscess is the commonest lesion, which is common in males of 21-40 years. Cavernous hemangioma is the commonest solid lesion with female to male ratio of 2:1. Ultrasonography (USG) is the primary initial investigation in diagnosing benign lesions.

Keywords: Awareness, Benign, Hepatomegaly, Liver Abscess, Liver Lesio.

[1]. Ramani A, Ramani R, Shivananda PG. Amoebic Liver Abscess. A Prospective Study of 200 Cases In A Rural Referral Hospital In South India. Bahrain Medical Bulletin 1995;17(4):1-4.
[2]. Mathur S, Gehlot RS, Mohta A, Bhargava N. Clinical Profile of Amoebic Liver Abscess. JIACM 2002; 3(4):367-73.
[3]. Seeto RK, Rockey DC. Amoebic liver abscess: epidemiology, clinical features, and outcome. West J Med 1999; 170(2):104-9.
[4]. Onwuchekwa AC, Onwuchekwa RC. Clinical and ultrasonographic features of amoebic liver abscess in a nigerian teaching hospital Sahel Medical Journal 2009; 12(3):117-21.
[5]. Jiang H, Chen Z, Prasoon P, Wu H and Zeng Y. Surgical Management for Giant liver Hemangiomas Greater Than 20 cm in Size. Gut and Liver 2011; S(2):228-233.

Abstract: The scaphoid is an uncommon site for tuberculosis infection . 79 years old male patient presented to us with wrist pain and difficulty in using the wrist. On examination he had swelling over dorsal aspect . The diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis was suspected after radiological and biologically study then confirmed after histological study.Antibacillary chemotherapy during 12 months promoted healing and good outcome .

[1]. Bettinger PC, Linscheid RL, Berger RA, Cooney WP, 3rd, An KN. An anatomic study of the stabilizing ligaments of the trapezium and trapeziometacarpal joint. J Hand Surg Am 1999;24-4:786-98.
[2]. Tuberculosis of bones & joints,B. Sankaran. Ind Journal of Tuberculosis 1993, 40, 109.
[3]. Larry.K., Chronic wrist pain., Orthopaedic clinics of North America, Common Hand problems, Jan 1992, Page- 60
[4]. Eric Thorson MD., Robert M. Szabo. MD., Orthopaedic clinics of North America, Common Hand problems, Jan 1992, Page - 65
[5]. Tuberculosis by S. M. Tuli., 4th edition page 158.

Abstract: Neck masses are often encountered in clinical practice. Imaging plays a great role in diagnosing it depending on age of presentation, site, imaging morphology in various modalities especially ultrasonography(USG) and CT. The extent, nature of lesion whether benign or malignant are better depicted on CT scan. Sometimes biopsy/FNAC is needed for final diagnosis. We evaluated 70 consecutive patients of neck masses presenting to our department. All patients had undergone USG followed by MDCT Scan. All were proven histopathologically and were correlated..............

Keywords: Neck masses, benign/malignant lesions, FNAC/biopsy, Thyroid mass, USG, MDCT

[1]. Ezzat S, Sarti DA, Cain DR, Braunstein GD. Thyroid incidentalomas. Prevalence by palpation and ultrasonography. Arch Intern Med 154: 1994; 1838-40
[2]. Jindal U, Singh K, Baghla A, Kochaar A. Spectrum of head and neck swellings in rural a population based on Fine-needle aspiration findings. Int J of Head and Neck Surg 5(2); 2012
[3]. Reede DL, Whealan MA, Bergeron RT. Computed Tomography of the infrahyoid neck, Part II: pathology; Radiology 145: 1982; 397-402
[4]. Lloyd RV, Buehler D, Khanafshar E. Papillary thyroid carcinoma variants. Head, Neck Pathol 5; 2011; 51-6
[5]. Kwak JY, Kim EK, Son EJ, Kim MJ, oh KK, Kim JY, Kim KI. Papillary thyroid carcinoma manifested solely as micro-calcifications on sonography. Am J Roentgenol 189: 2007;227-31
guidelines. World J Gastroenterol; 2008; 14: 4403-4406.

Abstract: Introduction: Chordae tendineae are fibrous collagenous structures supporting the leaflets of atrioventricular valve. Chordae tendineae form one of the important components of atrio-ventricular valve complex.They convey the contraction of the papillary muscles to the valve and so prevent the latter's eversion. Dysfunction of these subvalvular components of tricuspid valve isfrequent.
Materials And Methods: The present work was done by dissecting 42 formalin fixed adult human hearts. The sex of human was not considered. The following observations were taken (a) types of chordae tendineae (b)number of chordae tendineae attached to each papillary muscle and their mode oforigin, insertion and distribution.............

Keywords: Human heart, right ventricle, chordae tendineae

[1] Susan Standing, Gray‟s Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Medicine and surgery 39th Edition, 2005; Elsivier Churchill
Livingstone, P 1003-1004.
[2] Tandler J (1913) Anatomie des Herzens. In: Handbuch der Anatomie des Menchen. Van Bardeleben K (ed.). G. Fischer, Jena 84-90.
[3] Silver MD, Lam JHC, Ranganathan N, Wigle ED. Morphology of the human tricuspid valve. Circulation. 1971;43: 333–348
[4] Nigri GR, Di Dio LJ, Baptista CA Papillary muscles and tendinous cords of the right ventricle of the human heart: Morphological
characteristics; SurgRadiol Anat. 2001; 23(1): 45-49.
[5] Lam JHC, Ranganathan N, Nigle ED, Silver MD. Morphology of the human Mitral Valve; T Chordae Tendinae: A new
classification; Circulation, 1970 March; Vol. XL1: 449-458.

Abstract: Concrescence represents a rare developmental anomaly of dental hard tissues. It is a condition showing union of adjacent teeth by cementum along the root surfaces. Maxillary molars are the teeth most frequently involved, especially a third molar and a supernumerary tooth. According to our current knowledge, this case report is the first in the literature in which concrescence is observed between a second and third molar in the mandible. This article highlights the presence of a concrescence between mandibular second molar and third molar with clinical and radiographic findings along with its management.

Keywords: Cementum, concrescence, developmental anomaly, double teeth, inadvertent extraction.

[1] K. Gunduz, M. Sumer, A. P. Sumer and O. Gunhan, Concrescence of a mandibular third molar and a supernumerary fourth molar: Report of a rare case,British Dental Journal,200(3), 2006,141-142.
[2] Denise Foran, Takashi Komabayashi and Louis M. Lin, Concrescence of permanent maxillary second and third molars: case report of non-surgical root canal treatment,Journal of Oral Science, 54, 2012,133-136.
[3] Gernhofer KJ, Concrescence of a maxillary second and third molar, J Calif Dent Assoc,37,2009,479-481.
[4] Sagar Khanna, Simarpreet Virk Sandhu, Himanta Bansal, Vijaypal Khanna.Concrescence - A Report of two cases,International Journal of Dental Clinics,3(1),2011,75-76
[5] Killian M, Croll T., Dental twinning anomalies: the nomenclature enigma. Quint Int,21,1990,571- 576..

Abstract: Background: Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is branch of the maxillary artery. It usually supplies the lateral wall of the sinus and overlying membrane. Evaluation and awareness of the anatomy of maxillary sinus before surgery is crucial to avoid surgical complications. The aim of this study is to examine the location and diameter using computerized tomography (CT) scans. Materials and Methods: This study included 180 Iraqi subjects (99 males and 81 females) with age more than 16 years old. CT scans for (right and left) Maxillary sinuses were done for each patient. The information obtained was assessed in a coronal multi planar reconstructions images (MPRs) in order to obtain the location and diameter of the PSAA...............

Keywords: Computed tomography, Maxillary sinus, Maxillary artery, PSAA.

[1]. Solar P, Geyerhofer U, Traxler H, Windisch A, Ulm C, Watzek G. Blood supply to the maxillary sinus relevant to sinus floor elevation procedures. Clin Oral Implants Res 1999; 10: 34-44.
[2]. Traxler H, Windisch A, Geyerhofer U, Surd R, Solar P, Firbas W. Arterial blood supply of the maxillary sinus. Clin Anat 1999; 12, 417-21.
[3]. Ella B, Sedarat C, Noble Rda C, Normand E, Lauverjat Y, Siberchicot F, Caix P, Zwetyenga N.Vascular connections of the lateral wall of the sinus:surgical effect in sinus augmentation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008; 23, 1047-52.
[4]. Park WH, Choi SY, Kim CS. Study on the position of the posterior superior alveolar artery in relation to the performance of the maxillary sinus bone graft procedure in a Korean population. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 38, 71-77.
[5]. Anamali S, Avila-Ortiz G, Elangovan S, Qian F, Ruprecht A, Finkelstein M, et al. Prevalence of the posterior superior alveolar canal in cone beam computed tomography scans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26(1):e8-12.

Abstract: Integrative dentistry as the very name denotes implies an integrated approach to dentistry, making it a part of the whole as opposed to viewing it as a separate entity divorced from the rest of the body. Holistic dentistry as integrative dentistry is also known as aims to root out all such dental procedures which could cause potential damage to the overall health and well being of the patient. Without getting involved in the controversies surrounding this particular form of dentistry, an effort is made to focus on some of their practices which appear to have a sound rationale behind them – simple safe practices that have many proven benefits and no known side effects. Since many of their practices find a resonance in our age old tradition of Ayurveda it becomes even more relevant in our part of the world. The objective being to incorporate those which make sense and discard those that do not!

Keywords: Ayurveda, benefits, dental practices, Integrative dentistry, rationale.

[1]. B.H. Goldstein, Unconventional dentistry: Part I. Intoduction, Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, 66, 2000, 323-326.
[2]. N. Thakur, A. Bagewadi, V. Kelushar, Holistic dentistry: Natural approaches to oral health, Journal of International Oral Health, 3(2), 2011, 9-12.
[3]. B.H. Goldstein, J.B. Epstein, Unconventional dentistry: Part IV. Unconventional dental practices and products, Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, 66, 2000, 564-568.
[4]. D.M Eisenberg, R.B Davis, S.L. Ettner et al, Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States 1990-1997, JAMA, 280, 1998,1569-75.
[5]. D.P. Eskinazi, Factors that shape alternative medicine, JAMA, 280, 1998,1621-3.

Abstract: Worldwide over 300,000 deaths due to liver cancer and cirrhosis occurred in 2013 due to hepatitis C. In the United States about 2% of population has chronic hepatitis C. In 2014 it was the single greatest cause of death in the United States. The number of deaths due to hepatitis C has overtaken HIV/AIDS as a cause of death in USA. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is also prevalent in Africa, Central and East Asia, with highest rates in Egypt. Transmission of HCV in the developed world is intravenous drug use, while in the developing countries the main method of transmission is blood transfusion and unsafe procedures. Once the infecting virions reaches the susceptible cells that are permissive replication.HCV RNA can be detected in blood(including serum and plasma),tears, seminal fluid, ascetic fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid. HCV infection leads to hepatic inflammation,.............

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis C, Transmission, Management, Prognosis

[1]. Ryan KJ,RayCG,Eds.(2004).Sherris Medical Microbiology(4th ed.)McGRaw Hill.pp.551-2.ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
[2]. Viral Hepatitis:A through E and Beyond. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.April 2012.Retrieved 4
February 2016.
[3]. Hepatitis C.World Health Organization(WHO).June 211.Retrieved 2011-07-13.
[4]. Lozano R.Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010:a systematic analysis for the
Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.Lancet.2012;380(9859):2095-128.
[5]. Hepatitis C Fact Sheet No 164.WHO July 2015.Retrieved 4 February 2016.

Abstract: Saliva a biological fluid serves as the diagnostic tool in health and disease. Saliva is a complex fluid consisting of secretions from the major and minor salivary glands. Gland-specific saliva can be used to diagnose any pathology from the specific major salivary gland. Saliva as a diagnostic fluid offers distinctive advantages over serum as it can be collected non-invasively by individuals with modest trainingand also costeffective approach for the screening of large populations.Hence this review aimed to explore the diagnostic
applications of saliva inoral, systemic diseases,infectious, autoimmune diseases also in monitoring hormone and drug levels..............

Keywords: saliva, disease, diagnosis, biomarkers, caries.

[1]. Daniela Pereira Lima , Diego Garcia Diniz,SuzelyAdasSalibaMoimaz. Saliva: Reflection of the body International Journal of
Infectious Diseases 2010;(14) 184–188
[2]. Mandel ID. The role of saliva in maintaining oral Homeostasis. J Am Dent Assoc 1989; 119: 298–304.
[3]. Dodds MW, Jonson DA, Yeh CK. Health benefits of saliva: A Review. J Dent 2005;33:223–33
[4]. Sreebny L. Saliva: its Role in Health and Disease. Int Dent J 1992 ;42 : 291–304.
[5]. DeepaN.Thirruuvakkasaru . Saliva as a potential diagnostic tool. Indian journal of medical Sciences 2010,Vol-64 (7)pg293-306

Abstract: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma in head and neck region with a relative frequency of 2% and only few cases being reported BSCC with a predilection for the supraglottic larynx, hypo pharynx, tonsil, and base of tongue. Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (BSCC) is an aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It has high incidence of lymph node metastasis, recurrence and worst prognosis as compared to conventional squamous cell carcinoma. Base of tongue and floor of mouth are most common intraoral sites, but rarely involves gingiva and other intra oral location. This is a case report of 45 year old male patient with chronic and heavy tobacco abuse.

Keywords: Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma, conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma,

[1]. Wain S, Kier R, Vollmer R, Bossen E. Basaloid-squamous carcinoma of the tongue, hypo pharynx, and larynx: Report of 10 cases. Human pathology1986; 17(11):1158-66.
[2]. H. Tsubochi, T. Suzuki, S. Suzuki, Y. Ohashi, S. Ishibashi, T. Moriya, et al. Immunohistochemically study of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the upper aero digestive tract Anticancer Res, 20 (2000), pp. 1205–1212.
[3]. E.R. Banks, H.F. Frierson, S.E. Mills, E. George, R.J. Zarbo, P.E. Swanson Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. A clinic pathologic and immunohistochemical study of 40 cases Am J SurgPathol, 16 (1992), pp. 939–946
[4]. W.G. Morice, J.A. Ferreiro Distinction of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma from adenoid cystic and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma by immunohistochemistry Hum Pathol, 29 (1998), pp. 609–612
[5]. Hellquist HB, Dahl F, Karlsson MG, et al. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the palate. Histopathology. 1994;25:178–80.

Abstract: The use of plants for medicinal purposes in Africa and other parts of the world have continued to be seen as safe alternatives to conventional medicine. Dioscorea bulbifera remains one of the widely used therapeutic plants in Africa and Asia. The present study is aimed at studying the biochemical effects of hydromethanolic extract of Dioscorea bulbifera on biochemical parameter using Wistar rats. Forty (40) albino Wistar rats were used for the study and were divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each. The control group received
distilled water while the experimental groups received hydromethanolic extracts of Dioscorea bulbifera at 20mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg.............

Keywords: Dioscorea bulbifera, lipid profile,serum glucose, liver enzymes.

[1]. Adewunmi CO, Ojewole JAO: Editorial-Safety of traditional medicines, complementary and alternative medicines in Africa.
African journal of traditional, complementary and alternative medicines 2004, 1(1):1-3.
[2]. Okoli R, Aigbe O, Ohaju-Obodo J, Mensah J: Medicinal herbs used for managing some common ailments among Esan people of
Edo State, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2007, 6(5):490-496.
[3]. Fennell C, Lindsey K, McGaw L, Sparg S, Stafford G, Elgorashi E, Grace O, Van Staden J: Assessing African medicinal plants for
efficacy and safety: pharmacological screening and toxicology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2004, 94(2):205-217.
[4]. Calixto J: Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents).
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2000, 33(2):179-189.
[5]. Mbiantcha M, Kamanyi A, Teponno R, Tapondjou A, Watcho P, Nguelefack T: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of
extracts from the bulbils of Dioscorea bulbifera L. var sativa (Dioscoreaceae) in mice and rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and
Alternative Medicine 2010, 2011..

Abstract: This study is aimed to : assess the level of total proteins in the saliva; to assess the level of the immunoglobulin's IgA and IgG in the saliva; to assess the antioxidant capacity of the saliva; to analyze the correlation of the dental status and the level of activity of the dental caries in every examined parameter separately. Materials and methods: For the realization of our goals weincluded 74 preschool children (35 female and 39 male), picked randomly, at the age from 4-6 years, from the elementary schools in Shtip which were divided into two groups: experimental and control.............

Keywords: dmft, saliva, total proteins, antioxidant capacity, IgA and IgG.

[1]. Błauz A, Pilaszek T, Grzelak A, Dragan A, Bartosz G. Interaction between antioxidants in assays of total antioxidant capacity. Food
ChemToxicol. 2008;46:2365-8.
[2]. Nagler RM. Salivary glands and the aging process:mechanistic aspects, health-status and medicinal-efficacy monitoring.
Biogerontology. 2004;5:223-33
[3]. Tulunoglu O, Demirtas S, TulunogluI.Total antioxidant levels of saliva in children related to caries, age, and gender. Int J
Paediatr Dent. 2006;16:186-91.
[4]. Battino M, Ferreior MS, Gallardo I, Newman HN, Bullon P. Theantioxidant capacity of saliva. J ClinPeriodontol. 2002;29:189–94.
[5]. Bokor-Bratiæ M. Clinical significanceof analysis of immunoglobulin A levels in saliva, Med Pregl.1999,53,(3-4),164-8..

Abstract: Since blood transfusion is a life saving procedure, the safety and adequacy is ensured by adopting donor deferral criteria with screening of the transfusion transmitted infections(TTI). Aim of the present study is to identify the reasons of temporary and permanent deferral of blood donors. The study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sriram Chandra Bhanja(SCB) Medical college and Hospital, Cuttack,Odisha,India for a period of one year . Out of 24,710 donors,women were deferred more in number(1.48%) in comparison to 1.32% of male and permanent deferral was less in number (0.67%) in comparison to temporary deferral(2.13%). Hepatitis B infection (84) and anemia (244) constituting the maximum numberaccounted for 50.60% permanent and46.29% temporary deferral respectively. Analysis of the deferral patterns can be helpful to be more focus in donor screening especially those having high frequency of deferral. By follow up of the temporary deferred donors, we can recruit these donors in future which will increase the supply of safe and adequate blood and its components.............

Keywords: Blood donors; donor deferral; transfusion transmitted infection

[1]. Aggarwal S, Sharma V. Attitudes and problems related to voluntary blood donation in India: A short communication.Annals of
Tropical Medicine and Public Health 2012;5:50-52.
[2]. www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs279/en/ Blood safety and availability Update July 2016.
[3]. Newman B. Blood donor suitability and allogenic whole blood donation. Transfus Med Rev 2001;15:234-44.
[4]. Zou S, Musavi F, Notari EP, Rios JA, Trouen-Trend J, Fang CT. Donor deferral and resulting donor loss at the American Red Cross
Blood Services, 2001 through 2006. Transfusion 2008;48:2531-9.
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due to donor deferral and miscollection. Transfusion 2004;44:1417-26.
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Abstract: Objectives - To assess improvement in the skill of interns in writing injury certificate after intervention - To assess improve ent in knowledge of interns regarding injuries after intervention Method: Study design: Interventional prospective study. Place of Study- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India Duration of Study- 6 months Study group- Interns...........

Keywords: injury certificates, interns, didactic lecture, demonstration

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Abstract: Purpose: Study was to compare the biofilm development of candida albicans on two different types of abraded surfaces of heat cure PMMA and flexi denture material. Materials And Methods: 4 blocks of each heat cure resin and flexible denture material were prepared of 10*10*10mm and 10*10*3mm in size respectively. All blocks were then subjected to abrasion with p100 grit size dry sand paper or with denture cleansing brush. One colony of Candida albicans GDH 2346 (NCYC 1467) cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SBA) for 48 hrs and was used to inoculate 10 mL of Peptone water and sugar broth with samples at 37°C for 24hrs. Followed by which gram staining was performed and semi-quantification was done after inoculating on SBA for 18 hours at 37ºC..............

Keywords: Heat cure PMMA, Flexible denture material, Biofilm, Candida albicans

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