iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2025

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the indications for hospitalization and the outcomes of pregnant and postpartum mothers admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Imam Reza Teaching Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, from April 2022 to April 2023. Methods & Materials: This descriptive-analytical study included pregnant and postpartum mothers referred to Imam Reza Hospital due to the need for specialized care. Data were collected over one year using a researcher-designed checklist and analyzed statistically.......

Keywords: Pregnancy, ICU, Postpartum Hemorrhage, Hypertensive Disorders, Maternal Mortality

[1] Lataifeh, I., Et Al., Indications And Outcome For Obstetric Patients' Admission To Intensive Care Unit: A 7-Year Review. J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010. 30(4): P. 378-82.
[2] Richa, F., N. Karim, And P. Yazbeck, Obstetric Admissions To The Intensive Care Unit: An Eight-Year Review. J Med Liban, 2008. 56(4): P. 215-9.
[3] SHAIKH S, S.N., ABASSI R, BALOUCH R, OBSTETRIC ADMISSION TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A ONE YEAR REVIEW. Medical Channel, 2013. 19(3).
[4] Rathod, A.T. And K.V. Malini, Study Of Obstetric Admissions To The Intensive Care Unit Of A Tertiary Care Hospital. J Obstet Gynaecol India, 2016. 66(Suppl 1): P. 12-7.
[5] Aoyama, K., Et Al., Variability In Intensive Care Unit Admission Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women In Canada: A Nationwide Population-Based Observational Study. Crit Care, 2019. 23(1): P. 381.

Abstract: Background and aims The Haemoglobin A1c (glycated haemoglobin, glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1c, or A1c) test is used to evaluate a person's Level of glucose control. Haemoglobin. Type 2 diabetes can be inherited and is linked to family history and genetics. Early Screening of first degree relative of type 2 dm patient will prevent development of Microvascular and Macrovascular complication. Primary objective.....

Keywords : glycated haemoglobin (hba1c), diabetic microvascular complications, family history of diabetes, s: metabolic x syndrome, diabetes type 2

[1] Gilstrap LG, Chernew ME, Nguyen CA: Association Between Clinical Practice Group Adherence To Quality Measures And Adverse Outcomes Among Adult Patients With Diabetes. JAMA. 6694385:10.1001/Jamanetworkopen.2019.9139
[2] Hogan P, Dall T, Nikolov P 2003: Economic Costs Of Diabetes In The U.S . In. 2002, 26:917-932.
10.2337/Diacare.26.3.917
[3] Prevalance Of Diabetes Mellitus In Relation To Family History (Dr. S. M. Mahamudul . Hassan Rizvi, Hazara Binta, December. 202210979008532112065381,
[4] Ma H, Gong Y, Liu YY (Ed): Prevalence Of Diabetes And Prediabetes Mellitus In The First-Degree Relatives Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Chengdu(Hong Ma. 2011,
[5] A First Degree Relative With Diabetes Mellitus Is An Important Risk Factor For Rural Thai Villagers To Develop Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (BENJA MUKTABHANT. PATTARA SANCHAISURIYA. 2015,
25380670:10.1177/1010539514555861.

Abstract: In healthy people, candiduria is uncommon. On the other hand, it is frequently observed in hospitalized patients, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), where there are numerous risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, indwelling urinary catheters, and exposure to antibiotics. Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to genitourinary fungal infections caused by Candida albicans and other non-albicans Candida species, according to an increasing number.......

Keywords - non albicans Candida, Candida albicans, fungal infection, urinary tract infection, Candida spp., diabetes, candiduria

[1] Alfouzan WA, Dhar R. Candiduria: Evidence-Based Approach To Management, Are We There Yet? J Mycol Med. 2017 Sep;27(3):293-302.
[2] Achkar JM, Fries BC. Candida Infections Of The Genitourinary Tract. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010 Apr;23(2):253-73.
[3] Hollenbach E. To Treat Or Not To Treat--Critically Ill Patients With Candiduria. Mycoses. 2008 Sep;51 Suppl 2:12-24.
[4] Kauffman CA. Candiduria. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Sep 15;41 Suppl 6:S371-6.
[5] Fisher JF. Candiduria: When And How To Treat It. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2000 Dec;2(6):523-530.
[6] Ayeni O, Riederer KM, Wilson FM, Khatib R. Clinicians' Reaction To Positive Urine Culture For Candida Organisms. Mycoses. 1999;42(4):285-9..

Abstract: Title- study of electrocardiographic changes and it's prognostic significance in young stroke patients Background - Although stroke is very common in day to day clinical practice but it's rising incidence among young population is a matter of serious concern. There are many common risk factors for stroke like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia but along with these there are also many rare and hidden risk factors which needs.......

[1] Longo, Dan; Fauci, Anthony; Kasper, Dennis; Hauser, Stephen; Jameson, J.; And Loscalzo, Joseph. Harrisons Manual Of Medicine, 21st Edition. US : Mcgraw-Hill Professional, 2022, Chapter No. 426, Page No 3324.
[2] Bukhari S, Yaghi S, Bashir Z. Stroke In Young Adults. J Clin Med. 2023 Jul 29;12(15).
[3] Stack CA, Cole JW. The Clinical Approach To Stroke In Young Adults, 2021 Jun 18 Chapter 3.
[4] Asadi P, Zia Ziabari SM, Naghshe Jahan D, Jafarian Yazdi A. Electrocardiogram Changes As An Independent Predictive Factor Of Mortality In Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke; A Cohort Study. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2019 Apr 27;7(1).
[5] Tandur S, Sundaragiri S. A Study Of Electrocardiographic Changes In Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents. International Journal Med Sci Public Health 2016; 5: 2560-2565.

Abstract: Provisional restorations are essential part of fixed partial dentures, they are placed after the tooth preparation till the final prosthesis are fabricated. It helps in pulpal protection, stable position, occlusal function, cleansability, strength, retention and esthetics. In FPD treatment for missing anterior teeth, esthetics of the provisional restoration is the matter of concern. Fabrication of temporary restoration was made using matrix by indirect method using tooth color self cure acrylic resin. Simple method of staining provisional restoration was carried to provide best esthetics. Provisional restoration is colored with the help of color pencils and the surface is protected with bonding agent subsequently or using intrinsic acrylic pigments that was mixed with acrylic material......

[1] David G Gratton, Steven A Aquilino. Interim Restorations. DCNA 2004; 48; 2: 487- 97
[2] The Glossary Of Prosthodontic Terms. J Prosthet Dent 1999; 81: 39 -110
[3] Shillingburg H T, Hobo S, Whitsett L D, Jacobi R, Brackett S E. Provisional Restorations: Fundamentals Of Fixed Prosthodontics. Chcago: Quintessence; 1997
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[5] Lewis S, Parel S, Faulkner R. Provisional Implant-Supported Fixed Restorations.Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants.1995 May-Jun;10(3):319-25

Abstract: Backgrounds. There are number of techniques developed for VH in the literatures. We perform the novel technique known as <S-D >technique for dealing deeper structures in VH like corneal structure, infundibulo pelvic ligament and abnormal vascular row area above than uterine vessals.. To deal deeper structures in vaginal hysterectomies effectively without any complications........

[1] Coulam CB, Pratt JH. (1973) Vaginal Hysterectomy: Is Previous Pelvic Operation A Contraindication. Am J Obstet Gynecol 116:252. View At Publisher | View At Google Scholar
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[3] Bernstein SJ. Acglyn EA, Siu AL. (1993) The Appropriateness Of Hysterectomy. A Comparison Of Care In Seven Health Plans. Health Maintenance Organization Quality Of Care Consortium. JAMA:269-2398. View At Publisher | View At Google Scholar[4] Grave EJ, Gillum BS, (1994) Summary, National Hospital Discharge Survey. Advance Data From Vital And Health Statistics No 278, National Center For Health Statistics, Hyattoville, Maryland 1996.View At Publisher | View At Google Scholar
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Abstract: Periodontal diseases are a group of chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting structures of teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. The primary cause is microbial dysbiosis within dental plaque, which triggers an immune response leading to progressive tissue destruction. With nearly half of the global adult population affected, periodontal diseases pose a significant threat due to their potential to cause tooth loss and contribute to systemic conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes........

[1] Research By L.C. Giannobile Or H.L. Kornman On Biomarkers And Diagnostics In Periodontology.
[2] Chapple IL. Periodontal Diagnosis And Treatment-Where Does The Future Lie? Periodontol 2009; 51:9-24.
[3] Chen C And Slots J. Microbiological Tests For Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans And Porphyrornonas Gingivalis. Periodontol 1999; 20:53-64.
[4] Boyer BP, Ryerson CC, Reynolds HS, Zamhon JJ, Genco RJ, Snyder B. Colonization By Actinohacillus.

Abstract: With the evolution of restorative materials and adhesion procedures in dentistry, ceramic laminates veneers have been used in corrections and dental re-constructions with a high predictability of success, especially because they require less tooth preparation or, in many cases, no preparation, preserving a greater amount of sound dental structure, contributing to pulp and periodontal health. Besides these advantages, the aesthetic treatment using ceramic.......

Keywords: Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental ceramics, Veneers, Laminates, Conservative preparation.

[1] Minase D A, Sathe S, Bhoyar A. Porcelain Laminate Veneers: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15(1): E34220.
[2] Chitlange PM, Kambala SR, Minase DA, Doshi K, Agarwal P, Pathak V. Computer-Aided Design And Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Fabricated Laminate Veneers In Aesthetic Rehabilitation: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024 Aug 23;16(8):E67556.
[3] Gurel G. Porcelain Laminate Veneers: Minimal Tooth Preparation By Design. Dent Clin North Am. 2007 Apr;51(2):419-3.
[4] Materdomini D, Friedman MJ. The Contact Lens Effect: Enhancing Porcelain Veneer Esthetics. J Esthet Dent. 1995;7(3):99-103.
[5] Peumans M, De Munck J, Mine A, Van Meerbeek B. Clinical Effectiveness Of Contemporary Adhesives For The Restoration Of Non-Carious Cervical Lesions. A Systematic Review. Dent Mater. 2014 Oct;30(10):1089-103.

Abstract: The restoration of dental function through prosthodontics has evolved beyond replacing missing teeth. In contemporary clinical practice, equal importance is placed on achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes harmonizing with the patient's facial features, personality, and identity. This shift has led to integrating smile esthetics and the dentogenic concept in treatment planning, forming the cornerstone of patient-centered prosthodonticcare.Smile esthetics is the science and art of designing a natural and visually pleasing smile. It involves assessing and modifying......

Keywords:Custom Prosthesis, Dentogenics, Facial Harmony, Patient-Centered Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Smile Design, Smile Esthetics, Tooth Proportion

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[3]. Jameson WS. Dynesthetic and dentogenic concept revisited. J EsthetRestor Dent. 2002; 14(3):139-48.
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Abstract: Capsule endoscopy (CE) represents a major breakthrough in the exploration of the small intestine, a segment that has long been difficult to access. This study aims to assess the contribution of CE in a tertiary care setting. We conducted a prospective and descriptive study between May 2023 and December 2023, including 34 patients who underwent CE at the University Hospital of Tangier. The main indications were obscure gastrointestinal bleedi......

Keywords:Capsule endoscopy, gastrointestinal bleeding, small intestine, iron deficiency anemia

[1] Pennazio M, Et Al. Endoscopy 2015; 47:352-376.
[2] Liao Z, Et Al. Gastrointest Endosc 2010;71(2):280-290.
[3] Raju GS, Et Al. Gastroenterology 2007;133(5):1697-1717.
[4] Singh A, Et Al. Gastrointest Endosc 2023. [5] Rezapour M, Et Al. Gastrointest Endosc 2017;85(6):1157-1168

Abstract: Introduction: Ostomy reversal is an inevitable conclusion of a long surgical journey in a patient with abdominal sepsis. It is often trivialized in comparison to the index operation. The superficial surgical site infections (SSIs) have been reported to range from 10-40%. SSI and their management cause great inconvenience and delayed resumption of work and daily activities. An adequate treatment of SSI if it occurs, is achieved by local interventions, analgesics, antibiotics and open wounds with impregnated dressings or lately by negative pressure wound therapy......

Keywords: ostomy reversal, incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT), fascial wound dehiscence (FWD), superficial surgical site infections (SSSIs).

[1] Lightner AL, Pemberton JH, Et Al (2017) The Role Of Temporary Fecal Diversion. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 30:178–183
[2] Chow A, Tilney HS, Paraskeva P, Et Al (2009) The Morbidity Surrounding Reversal Of Defunctioning Ileostomies: A Systematic Review Of 48 Studies Including 6,107 Cases. Int J Colorectal Dis 24:711–723
[3] Chu DI, Schlieve CR, Colibaseanu DT, Et Al (2015) Surgical Site Infections (Ssis) After Stoma Reversal (SR): Risk Factors, Implications, And Protective Strategies. J Gastrointest Surg 19:1007–1014
[4] Dusch N, Goranova D, Herrle F, Et Al (2013) Randomized Controlled Trial: Comparison Of Two Surgical Techniques For Closing The Wound Following Ileostomy Closure: Purse String Vs Direct Suture. Colorectal Dis 15:1033–1040
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Abstract: The disfigurement associated with loss of eye can cause significant physical and emotional disturbance. Rehabilitation of facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient and also a technique sensitive procedure, visual assessment alone may not be accurate. We report a case of 23-year-old male patient with trauma of the eye, which was treated with chemotherapy and surgical enucleation, and was rehabilitated with silicon orbital prosthesis by constructing a custom ocular prosthesis to achieve ideal fit and esthetics.

[1] Mishra SK, Ramesh C. Reproduction Of Custom-Made Eye Prosthesis Manoeuvre: A Case Report. J Dent Oral Hyg 2009;1: 59-63.
[2] Wolfaardt J, Gehl G, Farmand M, Wilkes G. Indications And Methods Of Care For Aspects Of Extraoral Osseointegration. Int J Oral Maxfac Surg 2003;32:124-31.
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[5] Supriya M. Prosthodontic Rehabilitation Of A Patient With An Orbital Defect Using Simplified Approach. J Ind Prosth Soc 2008;8(2):16-18

Abstract: This report describes the application of a customized mold for high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy in the treatment of stage two squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the soft palate. The method led to effective local control of the tumor along with excellent aesthetic and functional preservation. To enhance the precision of radiation delivery and safeguard adjacent normal tissues, specially designed stents incorporating both tissue-equivalent bolus material were utilized. The successful outcome was largely attributed to the close collaboration among the surgical, radiation oncology, and prosthodontic teams, which also played a key role in minimizing post-treatment complications. ......

[1] Singh A, Rosen EB, Randazzo JD, Estilo CL, Gelblum DY, Huryn JM. Intraoral Radiation Stents-Primer For Clinical Use In Head And Neck Cancer Therapy. Head Neck. 2021 Dec;43(12):4010-4017. Doi: 10.1002/Hed.26848. Epub 2021 Sep 4. PMID: 34480818; PMCID: PMC8595620.
[2] Tolentino Ede S, Centurion BS, Ferreira LH, Souza AP, Damante JH, Rubira-Bullen IR. Oral Adverse Effects Of Head And Neck Radiotherapy: Literature Review And Suggestion Of A Clinical Oral Care Guideline For Irradiated Patients. J Appl Oral Sci. 2011 Oct;19(5):448-54. Doi: 10.1590/S1678-77572011000500003. PMID: 21986648; PMCID: PMC3984189.
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Abstract: We present the case of a 20-year-old female with primary amenorrhea who was evaluated for absent menstruation. On examination, breast development was normal (Tanner stage 5), but the patient had no vaginal orifice. Investigations, including hormonal assays, revealed elevated levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH. Imaging studies (ultrasound and MRI) showed the absence of the uterus and ovaries. Karyotyping confirmed a 46, XY chromosomal pattern, leading to the diagnosis of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS). This case highlights the importance of considering AIS in the differential diagnosis of primary amenorrhea, especially in the presence of normal female secondary sexual characteristics and absence of menstruation. The appropriate workup, including hormonal testing, imaging, and karyotyping, is essential for the timely diagnosis and management of AIS.

Key words– Primary amenorrhea, Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, Disorder of Sexual Development.

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[4]. Singh S, Ilyayeva S. Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome. Treasure Island. StatPearls Publishing; 2021.
[5]. Hughes IA. Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2005;91(7):554 - 563. DOI: 10.1136/adc.2006.098319.

Abstract: Background: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common and often recurrent condition that typically affects young adults. Surgical intervention is often required for effective management, with various techniques available. The Limberg flap has gained attention as an effective surgical approach, offering satisfactory outcomes in terms of healing, recurrence, and cosmetic results. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of Limberg flap surgery in the treatment of pilonidal sinus, focusing on postoperative.......

Key words– Limberg flap, pilonidal sinus, surgical technique, postoperative outcomes, patient satisfaction, complications, healing time.

[1]. Sarkees ML, Bavry AA. Acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina and non-ST elevation MI). BMJ clinical evidence. 2009;2009.
[2]. Singh A, Museedi AS, Grossman SA. Acute coronary syndrome.
[3]. Members WG, Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2016 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):447-54.
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[5]. Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Cheng S, Delling FN, Elkind MS. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2021 update: a report from the American Heart Association

Abstract: Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality in Bangladesh. One of the emergency manifestations of CAD is non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI). Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is frequently used to revascularize infarct related arteries; however, its efficacy for treating other non-culprit significant coronary artery stenosis is still unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the comparative clinical outcome of single vessel revascularization (SVR) and multi-vessels revascularization (MVR) by PCI in patients with......

Key words– SVR, MVR, NSTEMI, MVD, MACCE, PCI.

[1]. Windecker S, Kolh P, Alfonso F, et al. 2014 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(37):2541-2619.
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Abstract: Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for knee injuries, while arthroscopy remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of MRI compared to arthroscopy in identifying meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Bogura from October 2024 to December 2024. Data were collected from 30 patients who underwent both MRI and arthroscopy for suspected ACL or meniscal injuries......

Key words– Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Arthroscopy, Meniscal Tear, ACL Tear, Diagnostic Accuracy, Knee Injuries, Complete Tears, Partial Tears.

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[2]. Sharifah MIA, Lee CL, Suraya A, Johan A, Syed AFSK, Tan SP. Accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in patients with chronic ACL tears. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc [Internet]. 2015 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Nov 19];23(3):826–30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2766-7
[3]. Almaawi A, Awwad W, Bamugaddam A, Alasheikh M, Muaddi M, Almutair O, et al. Prevalence of knee injuries among male college students in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research [Internet]. 2020 Mar 31 [cited 2024 Nov 19];15(1):126. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01638-1
[4]. Muthuuri J. A comparison of accuracy of clinical tests and MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament injuries. East African Orthopaedic Journal. 2017;11(1):6–11.
[5]. Van Dyck P, Vanhoenacker FM, Lambrecht V, Wouters K, Gielen JL, Dossche L, et al. Prospective comparison of 1.5 and 3.0-T MRI for evaluating the knee menisci and ACL. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013 May 15;95(10):916–24.