iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2025

Abstract: Background: The available literature predominantly focuses on amputations in adults within Nigeria, with limited published data addressing the occurrence and specifics of amputations in children. This knowledge gap underscores the need for further research and comprehensive studies on pediatric amputations in the Nigerian context. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all individuals under the age of 18 who underwent limb amputations at the University College Hospital in Ibadan. This study aims to determine the pattern, indications, complications, and outcomes......

Keywords: Amputation, pediatric.

[1] Mishra A. Lower Limb Amputations. 2014.
[2] Woldie I, Ansari S, Dyson G, Et Al. Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Of Patients With Sickle Cell Disease Admitted To The Medical Intensive Care Unit, Https://Www.Semanticscholar.Org/Paper/Clinical-Characteristics-And-Outcome-Of-Patients-To-Woldie-Ansari/8248d25788ac5a0cff8bd066bfe37856445e439a (2017, Accessed 12 January 2024).
[3] Maduri P, Akhondi H. Upper Limb Amputation. In: Statpearls. Treasure Island (Fl): Statpearls Publishing,
Http://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/Nbk540962/ (2024, Accessed 2 April 2024).
[4] Nwosu C, Babalola Mo, Ibrahim Mh, Et Al. Major Limb Amputations In A Tertiary Hospital In North Western Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17: 508–512.
[5] Horsch A, Gleichauf S, Lehner B, Et Al. Lower-Limb Amputation In Children And Adolescents-A Rare Encounter With Unique And Special Challenges. Children (Basel) 2022; 9: 1004.

Abstract: Background: Scar endometriosis is a rare entity characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue in surgical scars, most commonly following cesarean section. This case series presents four patients with post-cesarean scar endometriosis, detailing their clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and surgical management.
Methods: Four patients diagnosed with scar endometriosis following cesarean section at our institution between 2023-2024 were retrospectively.......

Keywords : Scar endometriosis; Cesarean section; Abdominal wall mass; Surgical excision; Histopathology; Cyclical pain; Ultrasonography; MRI; Iatrogenic implantation; Case series

[1] Giudice Lc, Kao Lc. Endometriosis. Lancet. 2004;364(9447):1789-99.
[2] Horton Jd, Dezee Kj, Ahnfeldt Ep, Wagner M. Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: A Surgeon's Perspective And Review Of 445 Cases. Am J Surg. 2008;196(2):207-12.
[3] Nominato Ns, Prates Lf, Lauar I, Morais J, Maia L, Geber S. Caesarean Section Greatly Increases Risk Of Scar Endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010;152(1):83-5.
[4] Uçar Mg, Şanlıkan F, Göçmen A. Surgical Treatment Of Scar Endometriosis Following Cesarean Section, A Series Of 12 Cases. Indian J Surg. 2015;77(Suppl 2):682-6.
[5] Khachani I, Filali Adib A, Bezad R. Cesarean Scar Endometriosis: An Uncommon Surgical Complication On The Rise? Case Report And Literature Review. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2017;2017:8062924.

Abstract: Introduction Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic disorder that affects enamel development, resulting in structural weakness, discoloration, and significant aesthetic concerns. Composite resin veneers provide a conservative and cost-effective approach to managing AI-related enamel defects. Case Presentation This case report presents the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of a 33-year-old female with hypoplastic AI, undergoing her third set........

Keywords: Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Resin Veneers, Esthetic restoration

[1] Wright JT, Johnson LB, Fine JD. Developmental Defects Of Enamel In Humans. J Dent Res. 1993;72(3):611–617.
[2] Aldred MJ, Savarirayan R, Crawford PJM. Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Classification And Catalogue For The 21st Century. Oral Dis. 2003;9(1):19–23[3] Coffield KD, Phillips C, Brady M, Roberts MW, Strauss RP, Wright JT. The Psychosocial Impact Of Developmental Dental Defects In People With Hereditary Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Am Dent Assoc. 2005;136(5):620–630.
[4] Seow WK. Clinical Diagnosis And Management Strategies Of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Variants. Pediatr Dent. 1993;15(6):384–393.
[5] Güler AU, Yilmaz F, Yenisey M, Güler E, Ural C. Clinical Evaluation Of Four Different Adhesive Systems In Class V Non-Carious Cervical Lesions: 24-Month Results. Oper Dent. 2004;29(5):563–572.

Abstract: Background and Aims: Breast surgery is associated with significant postoperative pain and distress. Thoracic segmental spinal anaesthesia has come as a good alternative to general anesthesia (GA), providing better analgesia, with lesser requirement of opioids and post operative nausea -vomiting. This study aims to compare segmental spinal and GA for modified radical mastectomies in breast surgeries.
Material and Methods: Our study enrolled 56 female patients scheduled to undergo modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer. They........

Keywords : General anesthesia, isobaric ropivacaine, segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia

[1] Oddby‑Muhrbeck E, Jakobsson J, Anderson L, Askergren J. Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting. A Comparison Between Intravenous And Inhalation Anaesthesia In Breast Surgery. Actaanaesthesiolscand 1994;38:52‑6.
[2] Sekandarzad MW, Vanzundert AA, Lirkpb, Doornebal E, Hollmaun MW. Periopreative Anaesthesia Care And Tumor Progression. Anaesth Analg 2017;124:1697‑708.
[3] Belzarena SD. Comparative Study Between Thoracic Epidural Block And Generalanaesthesiafor Oncologicmastectomy.Rev Bras Anestesiol 2008;58:561–8.
[4] Klein SM, Bergh A, Steele SM, Georgiadegs, Greengrass RA. Thoracic Paravertebral Block For Breast Surgery. Anesthanalg 2000;90:1402–5.
[5] Van Zundert AA, Stultiens G, Jakimowicz JJ, Van Den Borne BE, Van Der Ham WG, Wild Smith JA. Segmental Spinal Anaesthesia For Cholecystectomy In A Patient With Severe Lung Disease. Br J Anaesth 2006;96:464–6

Abstract: Purpose: To describe the diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of corneal wounds in children. Introduction: Eye trauma is responsible for a third of the causes of blindness in children aged 0 to 10 years. Studies have shown that 90% of trauma can be prevented. Eye trauma in children accounts for 20 to 59% of cases. The treatment of eye lesions is surgical, carried out as soon as possible in order to prevent the occurrence of complications. Materials and method:..........

Keywords: Pediatric ocular trauma-Cornea wound-Open globe injuries

[1] Cariello AJ, Moraes NS, Mitne S, Oita CS, Fontes BM, Melo Jr LA. Epidemiological Findings Of Ocular Trauma In Childhood. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2007; 70:271–5.
[2] Podbielski DW, Surkont M, Tehrani NN, Ratnapalan SR. Pediatric Eye Injuries In A Canadian Emergency Department. Can J Ophthalmol 2009; 44:519–22.
[3] Maurya RP, Srivastav T, Singh VP, Mishra CP, Al-Mujaini A. The Epidemiology Of Ocular Trauma In Northern India: A Teaching Hospital Study. Oman J Ophthalmol 2019 ;12(2) :78-83.
[4] Hoskin AK, Philip SS, Yardley AE, Mackey DA. Eye Injury Prevention For The Pediatric Population. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2016 ;5(3):202-211.
[5] Macewen CJ, Baines PS, Desai P. Eye Injuries In Children: The Current Picture. Br J Ophthalmol 1999 ;83(8) :933-936.

Abstract: Facial aging is a physiological, interrelated, three-dimensional, dynamic and multifaceted process involving intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which affects not only the skin, but also the underlying bone structure, the facial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and fat pads. Surgical temporal lift is an established technique for treating..........

Keywords: Face Lifting; Necrosis, Facial Necrosis, Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology, Facial Aesthetic Surgeries and Dental Law.

[1] Hamra ST. The Deep-Plane Rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990;86:53–61; Discussion 62.
[2] Swift A, Liew S, Weinkle S, Et Al. The Facial Aging Process From The “Inside Out,”. Aesthet Surg J. 2021;41:1107–1119.
[3] Kull Z, Eryılmaz E, Özer, E. Transtemporal Endoscopic Deep Plane Face Lift. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2025; 13:E6461;; Published Online 23 January 2025.) Doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000006461
[4] Mariani M., Et Al. A Long-Term Evaluation: Deep Plane Versus High SMAS Face Lift. Facial Plastic Surgery © 2025. Thieme.
[5] Şirinoglu H, Ergün T, Burak; Güvercin, E. Long-Term Results Of Temporal Lifting: 6 Years Of Experience In 250 Cases. The Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery 36(2):P E188-E192, Março/Abril De 2025. DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000010946

Abstract: Background: Anticipating a difficult airway is crucial for safe anaesthetic practice. Various clinical scoring systems exist, but their predictive accuracies vary. This study aims to compare multiple airway assessment scores and determine their sensitivity, specificity, and overall predictive value. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 200 adult patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were assessed preoperatively using Modified Mallampati Classification (MMC), Upper Lip Bite Test (ULBT), Thyromental Distance (TMD), Sternomental Distance (SMD), Ratio of Height..........

Keywords: difficult airway, LEMON, ULBT, Mallampati, thyromental distance, airway assessment, prediction

[1] Https://Healthcare-Bulletin.Co.Uk/Article/Volume-14-Issue-2-Pages524-533-Ra/
[2] Https://Pubmed.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/29761867/
[3] Https://Pubmed.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/30774228/
[4] Https://Www.Bjaed.Org/Article/S2058-5349(17)30135-X/Fulltext

Abstract: Background: Gastric cancers are the third common gastro-intestinal cancers with high mortality. Helicobacter pylori, the strongest risk factor for the development of gastric cancers, mainly affects the population of low socio-demographic profile countries. With the advancement of socio-economy, H. pylori infection is expected to be low in Bangladesh. This might have impact on pattern of topographic distribution of gastric malignancy also with their histological pattern. This area has not been well explored in Bangladesh and this study is undertaken to see the situation. Objective: The ob........

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Arnold M Et Al, Global Burden Of 5 Major Types Of Gastrointestinal Cancer. Gastroenterology. April 2, 2020.
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Abstract: Background: The positioning of the maxillary central incisors, in particular, plays a crucial role in determining facial harmony. Traditional diagnostic approaches often rely on repose profile views, which may not fully capture the impact of maxillary incisor positioning on facial esthetics. To evaluate, compare and differentiate the anteroposterior position of the permanent maxillary central incisor to the inclination and prominence of the forehead between subjects having acceptable and unacceptable incisor positioning as perceived by orthodontists.........

Keywords: Anteroposterior maxillary incisor position, Glabella, smiling profile photograph

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Abstract: Obesity has emerged as a global epidemic and represents a major risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Although adopting a healthy diet and regular exercise remain the cornerstones of weight management, recent research has revealed that cold exposure and associated muscle contractions can substantially contribute to weight loss. This article presents a comprehensive review of the physiological mechanisms that link cold exposure to weight loss, with a particular focus on the induction of browning and irisin production..........

Keywords: cryoexposure, electromagnetic field, health, aesthetics

[1] Lopes-Martins, R.A.B.; Barbosa, L.V.; Sousa, M.M.B.; Lobo, A.B.; Santos, E.L.D.R.; Sá Filho, A.S.D.; Souza, M.B.; Jaime, J.C.; Silva, C.T.X.D.; Ruiz-Silva, C.; Et Al. The Effects Of Body Cold Exposure (Cryolipolysis) On Fat Mass And Plasma Cholesterol. Life 2024, 14, 1082. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Life14091082
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Ruiz-Silva, C. Efeitos E Aplicações Da Eletrocrioexposição E Contrações Por Pulso Eletromagnetico De Alta Intensidade Para Indução De Browning. 16 Congresso Cientifico Internacional De Saúde Estética, 1 Edição. São Paulo, Triall Editorial, 2023
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Martins RAL, Matias M, Bueno FC De P, Oguri M, Leonardo PS, Ruiz-Silva C. Effects And Applications Of The High Intensity Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) In Health And Aesthetics: Perspectives And Clinical Evidence. Research, Society And Development. 2021; 10(14). DOI: 10.33448/Rsd-V10i14.2172
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PERES, R. A.; GOMES, L. C. Analysis Of Some Misconceptions And Distortions Present In Websites And Youtube Videos About Michael Faraday’s Law Of Electromagnetic Induction. #Tear: Journal Of Education, Science And Technology, Canoas, V. 9, No. 1, 2020. DOI: 10.35819/Tear.V9.N1.A3958. Tyler DJ. Peripheral Nerve Stimulation. In: Series On Bioengineering And Biomedical Engineering. Vol 8. 2nd Edition. Baltimore, MD: World Scientific; 2017. Pp 300–347.

Abstract: Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) represents a significant global health concern, contributing substantially to morbidity, mortality, and long-term disability. Skull fractures, often occurring concomitantly with TBI, are considered critical indicators of trauma severity and can influence clinical outcomes through mechanisms such as increased risk of hematoma, contusion, and raised intracranial pressure. While several studies have evaluated TBI prognosis..........

Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Skull Fracture, Neurosurgical Intervention, Glasgow Coma Scale, Injury Severity Score, Modified Rankin Scale, Intracranial Hemorrhage, ICU Stay, Mortality, Functional Outcome

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