iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2025

Abstract: Objective : To evaluate the cost of laparoscopic management in digestive surgery at Brazzaville University Hospital. Patients and method : This was a descriptive study, with prospective data collection, aimed at evaluating the cost of laparoscopic management in the Digestive Surgery Department of the Brazzaville University Hospital. The study was unrolled over a 24-month period from January 2023 to December 2024 and included patients aged at least 18 years who......

Keywords : Cost, laparoscopic, digestive surgery, Brazzaville

[1] Sanogo ZZ, Sangare D, Soumare L, Yena S, Doumbia D, Diallo A, Espalier P, Soumare S. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. The First 30 Cases In Bamako. Mali Médical 2006, T XXI, 2 : 15 - 22.
[2] B Tchangai, F Alassani, K Amavi, K Attipou. Laparoscopic Appendectomy Versus Appendectomy By Laparotomy: Comparative Study Of Hopsital Costs Borne By The Patient. Journal De La Recherche Scientifique De L'université De Lomé 2016 ; 18 (4) : 29 – 35.
[3] Bang GA, Savom EP, Nana Oumarou B, Binyom PR, Ekani Boukar YM, Mbouché L, Essomba A. Digestive Laparoscopic Surgery In Yaoundé During 2019. Health Sci. Dis 2021 ; 22 (9) : 78 - 82.
[4] Misauno MA, Ismaila BO. Pioneering Laparoscopic General Surgery In Nigeria. Niger Med J 2011 ; 52(2) : 104 - 6.
[5] Arung W, Dinganga N, Ngoie E, Odimba E, Detry O. First Steps Of Laparoscopic Surgery In Lubumbashi : Problems Encountered And Preliminary Results. Pan Afr Med J 2015 ; 21 : 210.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to contribute of improving the management of non-traumatic digestive surgical emergencies at the Brazzaville University Hospital. Patients and method : This was a descriptive study with prospective data collection from 1January 2022 to 31 December 2022. The epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of 458 patients operated on for non-traumatic digestive tract........

Keywords: surgical emergencies, acute abdomen, non-traumatic, Brazzaville

[1] Ananivi Sogan, Efoe-Ga Amouzou, Komlan Adabra, David Dosseh, Komlanvi James. Adult Non-Traumatic Abdominal Surgical Emergencies At Aného Hospital (Togo): Aspects Épidémiologiques, Thérapeutiques Et Proonostiques A Propos De 234 Cas. Health Sci. Dis: Vol 24 (3) March 2023: 1-4.
[2] Camara M., Kone A.C., Camara T., Et Al: Epidemiological, Clinical And Therapeutic Aspects Of Surgical Abdominal Emergencies At The Siguiri Prefectural Hospital (Guinea). Health Sci. Dis 2021 : 22 (6) : 81-84.
[3] Clinical And Operative Profile Of Patients Who Died After Non-Traumatic Abdominal Surgery At Yaoundé Central Hospital. Health Sci. Dis. 2021: 22 (5): 104-108.
[4] Kambiré J.L., Zida M., Ouédraogo S., Ouédraogo S., Traoré S.S. Les Urgences En Chirurgie Digestive Au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional De Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso) A Propos De 394 Cas. Journal Of Research In Science And Technology, Health.

Abstract: Background: Color is one of the most important esthetic parameters in dentistry, particularly in fixed and esthetic prosthodontics. Accurate color reproduction depends on understanding both the perceptual and physical aspects of color in the oral environment. Оbjective: To review current knowledge on color perception and the optical properties of dental materials, and to evaluate methods used for objective color assessment in esthetic dentistry.
Methods: A narrative........

Keywords: Esthetic dentistry, color perception, spectrophotometry, ΔE, CIE Lab*, optical properties

[1]. R. D. Douglas And T. J. Steinhauer, “Tooth Color Acceptance And Dental Shade Perception,” Journal Of Prosthetic Dentistry, Vol. 97, No. 4, Pp. 200–208, 2007.
[2]. W. M. Johnston And E. C. Kao, “Assessment Of Appearance Match By Visual Observation And Clinical Colorimetry,” Journal Of Dental Research, Vol. 68, No. 5, Pp. 819–822, 1989.
[3]. F. R. T. Kim, S. D. Porojan, R. D. Vasiliu, And L. Porojan, “The Effect Of Polishing, Glazing, And Aging On Optical Characteristics Of Multi-Layered Dental Zirconia,” Journal Of Functional Biomaterials, Vol. 14, No. 2, Pp. 1–12, 2023.
[4]. E. Binici Aygün, E. K. Öztürk, A. B. Tülü, B. T. Bal, S. K. Nemli, And M. B. Güngör, “Factors Affecting The Color Change Of Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics: A Narrative Review,” Journal Of Functional Biomaterials, Vol. 16, No. 2, P. 58, 2025.
[5]. A. Joiner, “Tooth Colour: A Review Of The Literature,” Journal Of Dentistry, Vol. 32, Suppl. 1, Pp. 3–12, 2004.

Abstract: Background: Dexamethasone is frequently administered in the perioperative period to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting. In contrast, the analgesic effects of dexamethasone are not well defined. The authors performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the dose dependent analgesic effects of perioperative dexamethasone Objective: To determine the efficacy of perioperative single intravenous dose of dexamethasone for subjects posted for surgeries under general anaesthesia for postoperative pain Methods: A total of........

Keywords: ASA- American Society of Anaesthesiologists

[1] Micheal A Gropper ,Neal H,Lars I,Lee A, Kate L,Jeanine P Editors .Millers Anaesthesia 9th Edition Elsevier .2020
[2] Brain R Walker,Nicki R Colledge,Stuart H Ralston ,Ian D Penman Editors.Davidson’s Principles Of Medicine 22nd Edition.Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.2014.
[3] Macintyre PE, Ready LB: Pharmacology Of Opioids, Acute Pain Management: A Practical Guide. 2nd Edition. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 2001, Pp 15– 49
[4] Holte K, Kehlet H. Perioperative Single-Dose Glucocorticoid Administration: Pathophysiologic Effects And Clinical Implications. J Am Coll Surg 2002; 195: 694–712
[5] Mohtadi A, Neisoonpur S, Salari A, Akhondzadeh R, Et Al. The Effect Of Single Dose Administration Of Dexamethasone On Postoperative Pain In Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Anesth Pain Med. 2014

Abstract: With continuous development and advancements in various aspects of implantology, basal implants have emerged as an asset for the rehabilitation for atrophic ridges. Basal implants are available in various types and have unique design which offers numerous benefits including minimal chances of infection. The present review article focuses on evolution of design of various types of basal implants throughout the years along with the armamentarium required

Key Word: Basal implant, armamentarium, Disk implants, cutters.

[1] Ihde Stefan. Principles Of BOI- Clinical, Scientific, And Practical Guidelines To 4-D Dental Implantology. Springer, Heidelberg; Germany, 2005.
[2] Yadav R. S, Sangur R, Mahajan T, Rajanikant A. V, Singh N, Singh R. An Alternative To Conventional Dental Implants: Basal Implants. Rama Univ J Dent Sci, 2015;2:22-28.
[3] Misch, Carl E. Contemporary Implant Dentistry. St. Louis: Mosby, 1993.
[4] Kumar K, Choudhary S, Singh R, Yadav SK, Kedia NB, Singh AK. Awareness And Perception Of Patients Towards Dental Implants- A Hospital Based Survey. Indian J Conserv Endod. 019;4(4):116-20.
[5] Sharma Rahul, Prakash Jai, Anand Dhruv, Hasti Anurag. Basal Implants- An Alternate Treatment Modality For Atrophied Ridges. IJRID 2016;6:60-72..

Abstract: Background: Endodontic therapy has a high success rate when performed with proper debridement and accurate obturation. While electronic apex locators (EALs) are effective in determining working length (WL), their reliability is compromised in cases with open apices. Therefore, this study aims to compare the accuracy of working length determination in open apex cases using electronic apex locators and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).......

Key words: Immature permanent teeth, Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), Electronic apex locator (EAL)

[1] American Association Of Endodontists. Glossary Of Endodontic Terms. 7th Ed. Chicago: American Association Of Endodontists; 2003.
[2] Srivastava S, Alharbi HM, Soliman M, Eldwakhly E, Abdelhafeez MM, Et Al. Influence Of Open Apex On Working Length Determination Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography And Apex Locators: A Comparative In Vitro Study. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022:3811983.
[3] Gill I, Mittal S, Kumar T, Keshav V. Open Apex And Its Management: Review Article. J Pharm Bioall Sci. 2024;16(Suppl 1):S31–S34.
[4] Shobhana R, Prakash V, Venkatesh A, Vivekanandhan P. A Review On Management Of Open Apex In Permanent Teeth. Int J Aquat Sci. 2021;12:2055–61.
[5] Mittal P, Jadhav RG, Logani A, Et Al. Accuracy Of Different Methods To Determine Working Length In Teeth With Open Apex: An Ex Vivo Comparative Study. J Dent Spec. 2016;4(1):39–45.

Abstract: Background: Orthodontic treatment improves oral health and aesthetics but often results in pain and discomfort, which can affect patient’s quality of life. Pain perception varies based on the type of orthodontic appliance used, influencing patient satisfaction and compliance. Objective: This prospective study aims to assess and compare pain levels and oral health impact among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with ceramic........

Key words: Aligners, Conventional metal MBT brackets, Self-ligating brackets, Ceramic brackets, Pain

[1] Batham P, Batham A, Kalia U, Nagar A, Jain S. Pathways Of Pain To Pleasure In Orthodontics: A Review. Indian J Orthod Dentofacial Res. 2017;3:124-8.
[2] Sahoo N. Comparison Of The Perception Of Pain During Fixed Orthodontic Treatment With Metal And Ceramic Brackets. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2019;11(Suppl 1):S30-S35
[3] Birnie D. Ceramic Brackets. Br J Orthod. 1990;17:71–74.
[4] Harradine N. The History And Development Of Self-Ligating Brackets. Seminars In Orthodontics. 2008;14(1):5-18.
[5] Weir T. Clear Aligners In Orthodontic Treatment. Australian Dental Journal. 2017;62:58-62.
[6] Shenoy N, Shetty S, Ahmed J, Shenoy K A. The Pain Management In Orthodontics. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(6):1258-60.

Abstract: Background: Mechanical complications of gastrostomy tubes requiring surgical removal are rare (<1%) but potentially serious, especially in post-radiotherapy cancer patients.1 Case report: We report the case of a patient with esogastric adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, who underwent surgical removal of a balloon-type gastrostomy tube initially placed via open surgery. Removal was required due to intragastric twisting and fibrotic adhesions that prevented endoscopic extraction........

Key words: Gastrostomy, Surgical complications, Balloon gastrostomy, Chemoradiotherapy, Esogastric cancer.

[1] Corasso. Gastrostomy: Indications And Complications. 2024.
[2] Fayemendy Et Al. Replacement Of Balloon Gastrostomy Tubes. EM-Consulte, 2014.
[3] FMC-HGE. Techniques And Surveillance Of Gastrostomy. 2019.
[4] Sciencedirect. Balloon Gastrostomy Management. 2014.
[5] ABCD Surgery. Post-Gastrectomy Complications. 2022..

Abstract: This report documents the clinical course of Ayushman Pathak, a 3-year-old male with multiple congenital anomalies and developmental delay. His presentation included bilateral congenital cataracts, cleft palate, microcephaly, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and global developmental delay. MRI findings revealed Chiari Malformation Type I, periventricular leukomalacia, and encephalomalacia suggestive of prior hemorrhagic injury. Genetic testing confirmed a de novo pathogenic variant in the MAF gene (p.Pro59Leu), consistent with Ayme-Gripp syndrome, diagnosed.....

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Abstract: Background and Objective: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the retreatability of three root canal sealers Bio C Sealer (bioceramic), MTA Ceraseal (MTA based), and AH Plus (epoxy resin using two different file systems: ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) and WaveOne Primary files. The retreatability was assessed based on the area of remaining root canal filling material (APRFM) in straight root canals.......

Key words:Retreatment, PTUR, WaveOne, Bioceramic Sealer, MTA Ceraseal, AH Plus, CBCT

[1] Kumar T, Mittal S, Sharma J, Mittal S. Access For Success. J Dent Sci Oral Rehab 2014;5(1):30 6.
[2] Muraleedhar AV, Satish SV, Patil AM, Et Al. Comparative Evaluation Of Efficacy Of Three Different Rotary Retreatment Systems With Manual Instrumentation In Removing Gutta Percha From Root Canals An In Vitro Study. J Evolution Med Dent Sci 2021;10(14):1025 1029, DOI: 10.14260/Jemds/2021/219
[3] Ng YL, Mann V, Rahbaran S, Lewsey J, Gulabivala K. Outcome Of Primary Root Canal Treatment: Systematic Review Of The Literature Part 1. Effects Of Study Characteristics On Probability Of Success. Int Endod J 2007;40:921 39.
[4] Sagare SV, Chandra P, Kaur T, Ganorkar O, Khade A, Mehta SD. A Comparative Study Of The Efficacy Of Waveone And Neoendo Retreatment File System For The Removal Of Gutta Percha From The Root Canal. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2021;13:S1682 5
[5] Donnermeyer D, Bunne C, Schäfer E, Dammaschke T. Retreatability Of Three Calcium Silicate Containing Sealers And One Epoxy Resin Based Root Canal Sealer With Four Different Root Canal Instruments. Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Mar;22(2):811 817. Doi: 10.1007/S00784 017 2156 5. Epub 2017 Jun 22. PMID: 28643130..

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the sealing ability of three different materials in the repair of Furcation Perforation- an invitro study. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 45 recently extracted human molars. Standard access cavity preparation was made and intentional furcation perforations were made with a round bur centered between roots and perforations were treated with Pro Root MTA, Biodentine and Angelus Bio C Repair. The teeth were divided randomly into three groups each containing 15 teeth each. The perforations were sealed as follows: Group A with Pro Root MTA.......

Key words: Sealing ability, Pro Root MTA, Biodentine, Angelus Bio C Repair, dye penetration, furcation perforation, Methylene Blue, Stereomicroscope

[1] B.S. Chong, T. R. Pitt Ford, T.F. Watson.The Adaptation And Sealing Ability Of Light-Cured Glass Ionomer Retrograde Root Fillings, International Endodontic Journal, The Official Journal Of British Endodontic Society And European Society Of Endontology, September 1991, Volume 24 Issue 5, Page 223-232.
[2] Maram M Alshehri, Bushra F Alhawsawi , Atheer Alghamdi , Salem O Aldobaikhi , Maha H Alanazi, Fahad A Alahmad, The Management Of Root Perforation: A Review Of The Literature,Cureus 16(10): E72296. DOI 10.7759/Cureus.72296, October 2024.
[3] Roshan Chandrakant Sinkar , Sanjay S Patil , Nitin P Jogad, Vandana J Gade, Comparison Of Sealing Ability Of Proroot MTA, Retromta, And Biodentine As Furcation Repair Materials: An Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Analysis, J Conserv Dent 2015 Nov-Dec;18(6):445–448.
[4] Seltzer S, Bender IB, Smith J, Freedman I, Nazimov H. Endodontic Failures: An Analysis Based On Clinical, Roentgenographic And Histologic Findings. Oral Surg. 1967;23:500 16. Doi: 10.1016/0030 4220(67)90546 4..

Abstract: Background: Learning difficulties (LDf) and learning disabilities (LDs), including dyslexia, impair academic performance and emotional well-being in children. Early identification is essential to mitigate long-term consequences. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of LDf and LDs among school-going children aged 8–12 years and identify associated risk factors, including gender, socioeconomic status (SES), syllabus type, and parental education.......

Key words: Dyslexia, Learning Difficulty, Learning Disability, NIMHANS Index, School Children, Socioeconomic Status, Parental Education

[1]. Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Fletcher JM, Escobar MD. Prevalence of reading disability in boys and girls: Results of the Connecticut Longitudinal Study. JAMA. 1990;264(8):998-1002.
[2]. Peterson RL, Pennington BF. Developmental dyslexia. Lancet. 2012;379(9830):1997-2007.
[3]. Karande S, Kulkarni M. Poor school performance. Indian J Pediatr. 2005;72(11):961-7.
[4]. Hanushek EA, Woessmann L. Education and economic growth. In: International Encyclopedia of Education. 3rd ed. Elsevier; 2010. p. 245-52.
[5]. Maughan B, Carroll J. Literacy and mental disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2006;19(4):350-4..

Abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely performed surgical procedure for the removal of the gallbladder, renowned for its minimally invasive nature and reduced recovery times compared to open surgery. However, the success and ease of this procedure can vary significantly among patients, influenced by several factors that predict the difficulty of the operation. Identifying these factors is crucial for preoperative planning, patient counseling, and ensuring optimal surgical outcomes.......

[1]. Strasberg SM, Hertl M, Soper NJ. An analysis of the problem of biliary injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 180: 101-125 [PMID: 8000648 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1995.1018]
[2]. Callery MP. Avoiding biliary injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy:technical considerations. Surg Endosc 2006; 20: 1654-1658 [PMID: 17063288 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-006-0488-3]
[3]. Iwashita Y, Hibi T, Ohyama T, Umezawa A, Takada T, Strasberg SM, Asbun HJ. Delphi consensus on bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an evolutionary cul-de-sac or the birth pangs of a new technical framework? J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2017; 24: 591-602 [PMID: 28884962 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.503]
[4]. Gupta V. ABCD of Safe Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Imbibing Universal Culture of Safety in Cholecystectomy. Indian J Surg 2018 [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-018-1775-7]
[5]. Berci G, Hunter J, Morgenstern L, Arregui M, Brunt M, Carroll B, Edye M, Fermelia D, Ferzli G, Greene F, Petelin J, Phillips E, Ponsky J, Sax H, Schwaitzberg S, Soper N, Swanstrom L, Traverso W. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: first, do no harm; second, take care of bile duct stones. Surg Endosc 2013; 27: 1051-1054 [PMID: 23355163 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-012-2767-5].

Abstract: Background: Spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension remains a significant complication in cesarean delivery, particularly in high-risk obstetric patients. While perfusion index has shown potential as a predictor of hypotension, its utility in guiding proactive management protocols remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a perfusion index-guided fluid and vasopressor management protocol in preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in high-risk obstetric patients........

Keywords: perfusion index, spinal anesthesia, hypotension, cesarean section, obstetric anesthesia, hemodynamic monitoring

[1]. Bingham AE, Fu R, Horn JL, Abrahams MS. Continuous peripheral nerve block compared with single-injection peripheral nerve block: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2012;37(6):583-594.
[2]. Klohr S, Roth R, Hofmann T, Rossaint R, Heesen M. Definitions of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section: literature search and application to parturients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54(8):909-921.
[3]. Reynolds F, Seed PT. Anaesthesia for Caesarean section and neonatal acid-base status: a meta-analysis. Anaesthesia. 2005;60(7):636-653.
[4]. Carpenter RL, Caplan RA, Brown DL, Stephenson C, Wu R. Incidence and risk factors for side effects of spinal anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1992;76(6):906-916.
[5]. Lima AP, Beelen P, Bakker J. Use of a peripheral perfusion index derived from the pulse oximetry signal as a noninvasive indicator of perfusion. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(6):1210-1213.

Abstract: Background: Spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension remains a significant complication in cesarean delivery, particularly in high-risk obstetric patients. While perfusion index has shown potential as a predictor of hypotension, its utility in guiding proactive management protocols remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a perfusion index-guided fluid and vasopressor management protocol in preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in high-risk obstetric patients........

Keywords: perfusion index, spinal anesthesia, hypotension, cesarean section, obstetric anesthesia, hemodynamic monitoring

[1]. Bingham AE, Fu R, Horn JL, Abrahams MS. Continuous peripheral nerve block compared with single-injection peripheral nerve block: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2012;37(6):583-594.
[2]. Klohr S, Roth R, Hofmann T, Rossaint R, Heesen M. Definitions of hypotension after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section: literature search and application to parturients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010;54(8):909-921.
[3]. Reynolds F, Seed PT. Anaesthesia for Caesarean section and neonatal acid-base status: a meta-analysis. Anaesthesia. 2005;60(7):636-653.
[4]. Carpenter RL, Caplan RA, Brown DL, Stephenson C, Wu R. Incidence and risk factors for side effects of spinal anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1992;76(6):906-916.
[5]. Lima AP, Beelen P, Bakker J. Use of a peripheral perfusion index derived from the pulse oximetry signal as a noninvasive indicator of perfusion. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(6):1210-1213.