IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2014

Abstract: Environmental status reporting is crucial for measurement of environmental quality and performance. Today for every city in India, publication of environmental status report (ESR) is mandatory. However, it is important to know how far the cities report exhaustively about all the variables impacting environment and thus enable us to get the correct picture of environmental performance. Maharashtra Pollution Control Board has developed an Indicator Framework Approach to evaluate ESRs and construct environment performance index (EPI). In this paper, we have applied MPCB's methodology to assess Thane Municipal Corporation's (TMC's) environmental reporting and performance using the data provided in ESR of 2012.We found that EPI of Thane is modest and based on inadequate data. We recommend that TMC needs to improve environmental reporting as well as performance of Thane city.

[1] Evaluation of Environmental Status Reports of Cities in Maharashtra(mpcb.gov.in/images/pdf/Evaluation_of_ESRs.pdf ) [2] EnvironmentalStatusReport,TMC,2012(www.thanecity.gov.in/uploadpdf/ESR%202012%20English.pdf)
[3] www.thanecity.gov.in (www.thanecity.gov.in › About TMC › Department › water supply department) [4] City Sanitation Plan , TMC (www.urbanindia.nic.in/programme/uwss/csp/draft_csp/thane_csp.pdf ) [5] Environmental Status Report, TMC, 2008-09 (mpcb.gov.in/images/pdf/Thane_ESR.pdf )

Abstract:The paper aims at presenting different methods of motivating students to learn during classes. Teachers have a lot to do with their student's motivational level. A student may arrive in class with a certain degree of motivation. But the teacher's behavior and teaching style, the structure of the course, the nature of the assignments and informal interactions with students all have a large effect on student motivation. The students appreciated a varied grading system as well as the additional experiments.

[1] H. Bieniok, Bases of enterprise management, Katowice, 1997.
[2] J. Jasioski, Motivation in enterprise, Placket, 1998.
[3] S. Borkowska, System of motivation in enterprise, PWN, Warsaw, 1985.
[4] X. Gliszczynska, Psychological model of work's efficiency, PWN, Warsaw, 1991.
[5] H. Meczynska, How to keep the equilibrium, Knowledge and Life 1 (2008) 70-71.

Abstract:Head and neck cancer patients experience greater psychosocial problems and functional disabilities than other cancer patients because of the location of the disease and treatment. Consequently, it hampers their activities of daily living, making them dependent on the care giver. Eventually, caregivers have several needs, especially during the initial phase of hospitalization as they are unprepared for the task, lack the required knowledge and skills in care giving.

[1]. Doss, D. S. (2013). A pilot study to investigate concerns in patients undergoing neck dissection surgery.
[2]. Savant, D. (2011). Survival rate of head and neck cancer patients are decreasing due to late diagnosis. PRLog (Press Release).
[3]. Haman, K., L. (2008). Psychological Distress and Head and neck cancer: Part 1- Review of literature. Journal of Supportive Oncology, 6(4).
[4]. Watt-Watson J.&Graydon J., (1995). Impact of surgery on head and neck cancer patients and their caregivers. Nursing Clin North America,30(4), 659-671. [PubMed: 7501534]

Abstract:In this article I am prompted to question the centrality of truth in our situations as individuals, community, or religious affiliations. More often than not, the question surrounding the centrality of truth has been either pushed to the domain of religion or law. In religion the emphasis on truth is just overwhelming to the extent that it has been viewed as the bridge to liberation. In as much as I content that truth is essential, and above all the subject behind all our research works, we must address it holistically as a subject of morality, ethics, sociology, philosophy and other sciences. Every research is undertaken with the sole purpose to establish either a premise or truth that would guide our thoughts and decision making processes.

[1]. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/truth
[2]. www.biblestudytools.com
[3]. Free Dictionary
[4]. Jack M. Balkin published in the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy.
[5]. Truth and the Law The Sir Maurice Byers lecture New south Wales bar association
[6]. Address by the honorable J JSpigelmanac Chief Justice of New South Wales Sydney, 26 may 2011http://ssrn.com/abstract=1855798

Abstract:Common Property Resources play an important role in the socio-economic life of indigenous communities living in Odisha State. The indigenous people number almost 250 million in 70 countries of the world. Though their resources have been exploited for the benefit of the other world, but they remain poor, rather loosing roots and controls over livelihood sources. The policies formulated at higher levels for the indigenous people are protective by nature, but in practice they end in assimilating them with the mainstream, which is not compatible to them.Odisha is a state where lots of development projects, mines and mineral based industries have been taken place over the last two decades.

[1]. Panigrahi, N (2001), 'Impact of State Policies on management of Land Resources in Tribal Areas of Orissa', Journal of Man and Development, Vol. XXIII, No. 1, March, 2001.
[2]. Berkes, F. (ed.) (1989), Common Property Resources: Ecology and Community-Based Sustainable Development. Belhaven, London.
[3]. Garrett Hardin (1968), The Tragedy of the Commons Science, New Series, Vol. 162, No. 3859. (Dec. 13, 1968), pp. 1243-1248
[4]. Behura, N.K and Nayak, P.K. (1993), 'Involuntary Displacement and changing frontiers of kinship: A study of settlement in Orissa', in Anthropological Approach to Resettlement, Cerena, M. Michael and Scott E., Giggenheim.
[5]. Behura, N. and Panigrahi, N. (2001), Functioning of the fifth schedule of the constitution of India: The Role of Welfare Agencies in the State of Orissa, report submitted to ICSSR, New Delhi, NKC Center for Development Studies, Bhubaneswar.

Abstract:This paper examines the current discourse on "Failed States‟. The paper seeks to identify the parameters used in the global discourse to label a state as a "failure‟. It seeks to highlight the fallacy in defining geographically, culturally and economically diverse states as "failed states‟ by putting them together in a category. By taking the examples of India and Pakistan (and other countries) the paper traces the importance of a country‟s history and colonial legacy in state success or failure. Can a state be critical and yet not be a failure? Can an alternative model of assistance be developed for states that are ranked low on the Failed States Index?

Keywords: Democracy,Failed States Index, Global Fund for Peace, India, Pakistan

[1]. Definition of "Failed States‟ in Failed States Index by Fund for Peace- http://ffp.statesindex.org/faq
[2]. Failed States Index, 2012. Published by: The Global Fund for Peace. Available at - http://www.fundforpeace.org/global/library/cfsir1210-failedstatesindex2012-06p.pdf [Accessed: 19 June, 2013]
[3]. RANIS, G. (2013) Is Pakistan a failing state? Yale Global [Online] 25th April. Available from- http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/pakistan-failing-state [Accessed: 20 June, 2013]
[4]. HURIA, S. (2008) Failing and Failed States The Global Discourse. Institute of Peace and conflict Studies Issue Brief No. 75p.3 [Online] Available from - http://www.ipcs.org/pdf_file/issue/555787518IPCS-IssueBrief-No75.pdf [Accessed: 20 June, 2013]
[5]. PATRICK, S. (2007) "Failed States" and Global Security: Empirical Questions and Policy Dilemmas. International Studies Review 9 p. 644-662. [Online]Available from -

Abstract:Integrality, indivisibility & interrelatedness of Philosophy & Education are underscored from following view points. a) Views of Ross – "Philosophy & Education are two sides of same Coin, the former is contemplative while later is active side". b) Views of John Dewey –"Philosophy is theory of Education in most general phase". c) Fichte's View – "The Art of Education will never attain complete clearness without Philosophy". d) Gentile's View –"Education without Philosophy would mean a failure to understand precise nature of Education".

[1]. "Philosophy of Education as a knowledge Field" by Prof C. Seshadri.
[2]. "Philosophy & Education" – by Ravinder Paul Kaur of T.S.C.E.R.
[3]. Core principles of Acton Institute.
[4]. Many Texts on Philosophy of Education.

Abstract:The data of nationally representative household survey from rural Nigeria was used to examine the effect of non-farm enterprise activities on improvement in the welfare of households in rural Nigeria, using total annual household consumption expenditure as a measure of their welfare. Propensity score matching approach was used for the analysis, and the result shows that rural households that engage in non-farm enterprise activities are having higher consumption expenditure than those that did not diversify into such activities. This suggests that, non-farm enterprises could be a pathway for improving the wellbeing of rural households in Nigeria and in the remaining sub-Saharan African countries.

[1]. Reardon, T.; Delgado, TC and Malton, P. (1992). Determinants and effects of income diversification among farm households in Burkina Faso. Journal of Development, 289(2), 264–296.
[2]. Ellis, F. (2000). The Determinants of Rural Livelihood Diversification i n Developing Countries. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 51(2), 289–302.
[3]. Lanjouw, J.O and Lanjouw, P. (2001). The rural non-farm sector issues and evidence. Agricultural Economics, 26(1), 1–23
[4]. Haggblade, S., Hazell, P., & Reardon, T. (2010). The Rural Non-farm Economy : Prospects for Growth and Poverty Reduction. World Development, 38(10), 1429–1441.
[5]. Rijkers, B., & Costa, R. (2012). Gender and Rural Non-Farm Entrepreneurship. World Development, 40(12), 2411–2426

Abstract: The most significant resource of any organization is its people. An organization is nothing but inter-related groups of people whose activities are planned and coordinated to meet organizational objectives. A worker is a man; he possesses potential of being dangerous as well as an exceptionally useful person;he canmake or mar the organisation. Therefore, there is need to establish the right type of working climate to promote and maximize employee-motivation and commitment, and also to evolve strategies to blossom his potential. An organization has a good chance to survive and prosper if it consists of the right people. People have to be trained, re-trained and developed with planned effort.

[1]. Agarwala, T. (2003). Innovative Human Resource Practices and Organisation Commitment: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Human Resource Management. No. 14 (2), pp. 175-197.
[2]. Armstrong, Michael. (2001). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 8th ed.Kogan Page, London.P.477.
[3]. Baldev, S. R. and Anupama, R. (2010). Determinants of Employee Engagement in a Private Sector organisation: An Exploratory Study. Advances in Management.No. 3, October, pp.52-59.
[4]. Baniya, LalBahadur. (2004). Human Resource Development Practice in Nepalese Business Organisations: A Case Study of Manufacturing Enterprises in Pokhara. The Journal of Napalese Business Studies.No. 1, December.
[5]. Birasnav, M. (2009).Structure of Human Capital Enhancing Human Resource Management Practices in India.International Journal of Business and Management. Vol. 4, No. 5, May.
[6]. Birasnav, M. and Rangnekar, S. (2008).A conceptual Model of Human Capital creation. In: D. S. Chundawat, K, Saxena, and S. S. Bhadu (Ed.) Managing Global Competition: A Holistic Approach. Macmillan, New Delhi. pp.261-273.

Abstract:This paper draws a comparison between two American poets, Emily Dickinson and Allen Ginsberg who were not only separated from each other by a century but also belonged to different gender groups. Inspired by the notion of transcendentalism both these poets encouraged humans to indulge in a healthy level of doubt and scepticism, but not to the point of nihilistic despair. They searched for hope within another source –the human body comprising of a pure soul, which itself according to them, always contains a spark of divinity. They indulged in the debunking of the flowery promises of heaven, resurrection and an after-life and insisted on living a zestful life on earth. They felt that there was no need for any intercession in the relationship between man and God. Both of them rebelled against the external figure of a deity or God in order to free mankind from organized religion and restore the faith of mankind on the unlimited potential of human ability to connect with both the natural and the spiritual world.

[1]. Charles Churchyard, National Lies: The Truth about American values, American Individualism and Emerson, Its Champion, 27 October 2012. <http://www.charleschurchyard.com/emerson.html>.
[2]. Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Peter Norberg, Essays and Poems by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Barnes & Noble Classics (New York: Spark Educational Publishing, 2005).
[3]. Paul P Reuben, Chapter 4: Emily Dickinson, PAL: Perspectives in American Literature-A Research and Reference Guide, 22 March 2014.<http://web.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap4/dickinson.html>.
[4]. Feross Aboukhadijeh, Transcendentalism, Religion, and Utopian Movements, StudyNotes.org. Study Notes, Inc., 17 Nov. 2012. 19 March 2014.<//www.apstudynotes.org/us-history/topics/transcendentalism-religion-and-utopian-movements/>.
[5]. Emily Dickinson, The Poems of Emily Dickinson (Ed.), Thomas Johnson, 3 vols, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1951, 1955.

Abstract:Effects of private and government broadcast media on public opinions in Nigeria were evaluated. The researcher looked at effects of these two broadcast media on the listening/viewing audience in Onitsha Anambra State, Nigeria. This was done through probing of the effects of broadcasting using the news and programmes of private broadcast media, accounts of events, expressing of divergent views, credibility and acceptance of the media and message broadcast by both media were also tested. One hundred questionnaires were used to collect data for thisresearch. The whole questionnaires were returned. The results of findings among other things showed that private broadcast media positively influenced public opinion and as well encouraged the expression of divergent views.

Keywords: Public opinion, government media, private media and Nigeria.

[1]. Defleur,Melvin L. and Dennis Everette E. (1972) UNDERSTANDING MASS COMMUNICATION. Boston Houghton Miffin company Boston.p 290-293
[2]. Champion Newspaper (Sept. 13, 2001) It is an act of war‟‟ Frontpage.
[3]. Thomas S.N.P and Lee Philip (1996). MEDIA FOR DEVELOPMENT.LondonBathly Brothers Ltd. P7-8.
[4]. Emery and Smythe (1986) READINGS IN MASS COMMUNICATION, CONCEPTS AND ISSUES IN MASS MEDIA. W.M.C Browns publishers 6th edition. P439.
[5]. Thomas and Lee (1996) MEDIA FOR DEVELOPMENT, London Bathly Brothers Ltd.P8.