IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2015

Abstract: In a dual earner family an important feature is the division of work and family life. It emphasises role reallocation in the household and the impact of women's work on their psychological well-being and social status. The dual earner job families are characterized by role overload , work-family pressures and to cope with that situation. In order to prove her proficiency on both the fronts, women are facing the problem of overwork and are often being stressed out of their energy. Further, with both the spouses working, there is also the problem of what is called work to family spill-over and vice versa. Marital satisfaction is a key element of perceived happiness. Marital satisfaction refers to a global level of favorability that individual spouses report with their marital relationship. This paper investigates the marital satisfaction of the dual earner couples. The satisfaction level on various field of both male and female are studied. The significant difference between both male and female of couples in dual earner family has been examined An critical examination has been made on the various field of marital satisfaction to find out if the couple differ significantly or not.

Keyword: Dual earner family, role overload, work-family conflict, marital satisfaction.

[1]. Rajadhyaksha, Ujvala and Smita, Swati, "Tracing a Timeline for Work and Family Research in India‟ in EPW, April 24, 2004, pp 1674-1680.
[2]. Bradbury, T. N., Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. H. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 964–980.
[3]. Spanier, G. H. (1976). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family,38, 15–28.
[4]. Amato, Paul R., David R. Johnson, Alan Booth, and Stacy J. Rogers. 2003. " Continuity and Change in Marital Quality between 1980 and 2000." Journal of Marriage and Family 65:1-22.
[5]. Hughes D., Galinsky E., Morris A., "The effects of job characteristics on marital quality: specifying linking mechanisms‟, Journal of marriage and Family, Vol. 54, 1992, pp 31-42.

Abstract: This study was undertaken to extract from staff and students in tertiary institutions strategies that they considered important in providing solution to corruption in their institutions; they had in an earlier study revealed several corrupt practices and their adverse effects on higher education in Delta State of Nigeria. A validated open-ended questionnaire which was used at the secondary school level with success was adopted in this investigation. It was administered on the randomly chosen respondent (staff and students) from the University and all the Polytechnics and Colleges of Education in Delta State.

[1]. Lipsett,N. (2007), "Corruption Rife In World's Schools And Universities", Educationguardian.Co.Uk, July.
[2]. Moldova- TI (2004), "An Anti-Corruption Day In A Youth Camp", Ww.Transparency.Md.
[3]. Mindphiles (2006), "What Is Corruption?",Http://Mindphiles.Com/Floor/Philes/Corruption/What%20is?%Is20%Corruption.Htm.
[4]. Osewa, Olarewaseun (2015). "Corruption In Our Higher Institutions- Education". ₦Airaland Forum. Http://Www.Nairaland.Com/167715/Corruption-Higher-Institutions.
[5]. The World Bank (2014). Anticorruption. Http://Ieg.Worldbankgroup.Org/Topic/Anticorruption?Gclid=Clr5wcl...
[6]. Transparency International (2015)."Anti-Corruption Helpdesk: On- Demand Research On Corruption", Accountability.Http://Www.Transparency.Org/What Edo/Activity/Our…Helpdesk…On…D…
[7]. Transparency International (2015). "Curbing Corruption In Public Procurement", Integrity. Http://Www.Transparency.Org/Whatedo/Activity/Curbing...Corruption..
[8]. Vittal, N. (2001), "Coruption In Society", 8th Silver Jubilee Lecture Of AFARM. Http: //Afarm.Org/Networking. Aamp.Advocacy/Annual.

Abstract: The aim of the paper is to examine the impact of the mechanically reproduced artforms like photography and film in altering the nature of human perception. With the coming of mechanical reproduction in the early decades of twentieth century, the nature and condition of art had undergone tremendous transformation. The paperundertakes a close reading of the widely known essay of Walter Benjamin-Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction - on photography and film into account to see how the visual process has been altered with technological mediation. The essays examine in detail of how conventional art has undergone change with mechanical reproduction, how photography has altered the way we see, and how film has altered our perception of time and space.The paper argues that with the emergence technologically reproduced art forms, human perception also developed new modes of reception and sensibilities subverting the conventional categories of perception.

Keywords: aura, distraction, habit. mechanical reproduction, and mass media,

[1]. Benjamin,Walter. Selected Writings (1931-1934).Vol.2, Part, 2.Ed. Michael W. Jennings, et al. Trans. Edmund Ephcott, et al.. London: Harvard University Press, 2008.
[2]. ---. Selected Writings(1935-1938).Vol. 3.Ed. Michael W. Jennings, et al. Trans. Edmund Ephcott, et al. London:Harvard University Press, 2008.
[3]. Berger, John. Ways of Seeing. Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1972.
[4]. Buck-Morss, S. Aesthetics and Anaesthetics: Walter Benjamin's Artwork Essay Reconsidered.October. 62 (1992): 3-41. 01 June 2009.<http://www.jstor.org>
[5]. Hansen, Miriam. Benjamin, Cinema and Experience: The Blue Flower in the Land of Technology. New German Critique Sp.issue on Weimar Film Theory. 40. (1987): 179-224. < http://www.jstor.org>

Abstract: Higher education has long been identified as the process that helps develop the total man physically, mentally, morally and technologically to enable an individual function effectively in any given environment in which he finds himself; so that he may become more productive, self-fulfilling and attain self-actualization. Hence, the purpose of this study was aimed at x-raying the challenges of higher education in Nigeria through funding and societal vices affecting teaching/learning environment, relationship, commitment and interest of lecturers and students. Counselling intervention and recommendations are made; based on awareness creation and to intensify education of parents, society, government/administrators, lecturers and students on the need to learn and achieve quality education base on effective and adequate funding and good management.

Keywords: face, higher education, need, counselling, interventions

[1]. Aluede, O., Aluede, R. O. A. & Ufuah, G. (2004). Higher education and Nigeria's national development challenges for the millennium. Research for Educational Reforms, 9 (1), 20-28.
[2]. Chukwem, R. (2006). The state of higher education in Nigeria. roysailor@hotmail.com

Abstract: The first two editions of the Festivals of Blacks arts and culture which owed much to the ideologies of the Pan-Africanism and Negritude that preceded them, no doubt laid legacies that have continued to serve as strong reference points in the discussion of Africans and African descent relationship. Apart from providing an unusual forum that brought to light the diverse contributions of Blacks and African peoples to the universal currents of thought and arts, both editions drew attentions to the expected relationship between the continental Africans and their offspring in the Diaspora. The events reassert the African identity thus creating the platform for continental Africa and the Diaspora to move through the borders of nation state and the psychosocial borders of racism which is central to all Pan-Africanist freedom movements. It is however worrisome that forty eight years after the maiden edition of the festival (FESMAN) and thirty seven years after the second (FESTAC), the achieved cultural integration is yet to translate into much expected economical, political, educational, philosophical and technological advancements of African nations and that of the Diaspora. This paper therefore attempts a review of the Black Festivals of Arts with a view to highlighting how the achieved cultural integration through the arts could be further explored for today's realities and expectations.

Keywords: Pan Africanism, Black, Festival, Art, Culture.

[1]. Apter Andrew (1993) "FESTAC for Black people: oil capitalism and the spectacle of culture in Nigeria" MPublishing, University of Michigan Library
[2]. Babawale, 2008. African and African Diaspora Relationship: Challenges, Opprtunities and Prospectst. CBAAC Occasional Monograph No. 10. Lagos: Centre for Black and African Arts and Civilisation
[3]. BabawaleTunde, (2011) Nigeria and FESTAC ‟77: A Role Analysis. Part one of Paper presented at the Sixth brainstorming session on: Nigeria in International Relations: A Role Analysis. http://nationalmirroronline.net/arts_culture/arts_culture_news
[4]. Bangura, A. K., (2012). Pan-Africanism: An Exploration of Afro-Asian Connections. CBAAC Occasional Monograph. Lagos: Centre for Black and African Arts and Civilisation
[5]. Enohoro Ife (1977). The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture: Lagos, Nigeria. The Black Scholar, Vol. 9, No. 1, BLACK LABOR (September 1977), pp. 26-33Published by: Paradigm Publishers

Abstract: The present paper is a review paper on family dynamics and deals with Purpose and goals of family communication, Wife and husband communicationParent -infant communicationand Parent communication with their preschool, school age child.The paper further discuss the communication between parent and adolescent child. It also discuss the communication between parent – adult children and Grand parent –grand children communication.

[1]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22776528
[2]. http://www.css.ac.in/download/deviprasad/Article%20No.4.pdf
[3]. http://www.indianchild.com/indian_family.htm
[4]. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2000, pp. 353–369
[5]. ADVANCES IN LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT (LIBRARY OF HOME SCIENCE )
[6]. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/98RG00716/abstract?

Abstract: Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a confirmed source of HIV infection in pediatrics. An estimated 90% of pediatrics acquired HIV infection during pregnancy, labour, delivery and breastfeeding. Generally, HIV/AIDS is one among the global public health problem, that over two decades has continue to constitute a serious threat to the social mental, emotional and physical wellbeing of African mothers and their babies especially in the sub-Saharan African and in Nigeria. More than 60% of all new HIV infections are occurring in women and children, due to the disproportionate burden place on the woman and her child, who may continue to experience high rate of new infection. It is on this note that this paper examined some of the significant hurdles hindering prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in the country such as: Less or non education, unknown status, unplanned pregnancy, socio-cultural factors, Delayed Antennal Care, Stigma and Discrimination that has created the gaps in PMTCT and its Health Implications such as increase Incidence, Prevalence rate, increase Morbidity and Mortality, Poor efficiency and economic output, and a Uncertain future for the developing countries. The paper suggested that, programme planners of (PMTCT) should take into consideration the individual, family, and societal factor hindering PMTCT for possible acceptance of the programme by all, for successful elimination of MTCT. Services should be made accessible to all women especially those in the rural areas. Strategies that will improve utilization of health services by rural dwellers should be promoted.

Keywords: Mother-to-Child, Transmission, Prevention, HIV/AIDS.

[1]. Tobore, O., (2013). Alarming: Nigeria leads the world in number of children contracting HIV-UN report Premium Times.Retrieved from http://www. premiumtimesng. com/.../ 139706-alarming-nigeria-leads-the-world
[2]. United Nations Population Fund (2010). State of World Population 2010. New York:

Abstract: Some of the poor performance problems in a work organization are caused by personal issues faced by employees. This issues which often affect the employees' personal lives often lead to performance decline, directly affecting the organizational productivity. For organizational productivity to be attained, the workers must be efficient in their job performance. This is because the production process and services delivery that leads to high productivity depends on them. In a situation where employees fail to be productive as a result of personal problem, counselling service is a tool to improve their performance. In this paper, the notion of counselling for effective work performance as a way for service improvement in work organization was examined. The paper assessed the reasons for poor performance, strategies for managing poor work performance, benefits of counselling to organizational work performance, counselling as a way forward for service improvement and modalities for counselling employees. The paper concluded that for work organizations to be productive, work place counselling should be organized for employees whose work performances have declined as a result of personal problems.

Keywords: Counselling, effective, work-performance, service, improvement.

[1]. Austrialia Government (2013a). Managing underperformance. Fair OMBUDSMAN Page reference No: 2385. Retrieved October 2014 from http://www.fairwork.gov.au/about-us/policies-and-guides/best-practice-guides/managing-underperformance
[2]. Austrialia Government (2013b). Best practice Guide Managing Underperformance. Fair OMBUDSMAN. FWOBPG9a.02. Commonwealth of Australia.
[3]. Chan, Y. K. (2011). How Effective is Workplace Counselling in Improving Employee Well-Being and Performance? Masters' Dissertations, School of Psychology. Leicester Research Archive, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology. Retrieved December, 2014 from http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10904.
[4]. David A. S., John P. &Richard L. (2012). Evaluating the Workplace Effects of EA P Counseling. JHP, 6 (2).
[5]. Gaurav, A. (2010). Employee Motivation: Douglas McGregor's Theory X & Theory Y. Kalyan City Life blog. Retrieved August 2014 http//kalyan-city.blogspot.com/2010/06/douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y.html.

Abstract: In this study an attempt has been made to study the resource use efficiency of input factors of production of paddy, bajra, and groundnut. The unrestricted Cobb- Douglas production function has been utilized for the study. The data were collected with the help of from survey method through personal interviews from the farmers. The analysis shows the pattern of resource use need some modification, particularly, the application of HYV seeds and chemical fertilizers and pesticides should be increased in the case of paddy and Bajra whereas in the case of groundnut, the application of human- labour, irrigation, chemical fertilizers and pesticide to obtain more yield.

Keywords: Technological Parameters, Resource Use Efficiency, Cobb-Douglas Production, HYVSeeds.

[1]. Adinarayana, S., (1985) " Comparative Economics of High – Yielding and Local varieties of kharif Rice in Coastal Andhra Pradesh", The Andhra Agricultural journal, Vol.32, No.2, PP.92-98.
[2]. David, W. Hopper (1965), " Allocation Efficiency in a Traditional Indian Agriculture", Journal of Farm Economics, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 611-624.
[3]. Dehnarayan Sarker., and Sudpita, De. (2004). High Technical Efficiency of Farms in two Different Agricultural Lands: A Study under Determine Production Frontier Approach. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol.59, No.2, April-June.
[4]. Eswara prasad, Y., Srirama Murthy, c., Satayanarayana, G., Chennarayudu, K.C. and Lalith Acoth, (1998) "An Econometric Analysis of Cotton production in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh", Margin, PP.79-85.
[5]. Heady Earl, O. and Dillon John,(1961) " Agricultural production functions", Kalyani Publishers , Ludhiana.

Abstract: The framework of the novel The Last Night I Spent with You, proceeds with Fernando and Celia, a middle-aged couple going on a trip to the Islands of the Caribbean after their only daughter- Elena has got married. This paper deals with the relationship between the outside landscape and the inner-self; and the changes occurring in the inner self of the characters with the subsequent change in the environment. It evaluates the various ways of landscapes altering the inner conscious of the characters during their cruise. The ambience along with the environment, changes the feelings of the individuals. The Caribbean landscape, islands and the places are depicted so vividly with much significance. The various landscapes of Caribbean Islands bringing changes in the protagonists psyche have been delineated intensively. Landscapes acting as an influencer in altering the actions of the character are brought out in an evaluative manner.

Keywords: Caribbean Islands, Interior and Exterior Landscapes, Environment, Transformation.,

[1]. Barry, Peter. "Ecocriticism". Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory.2nd ed. New Delhi: Viva Books, 2008: 255-259. Print.
[2]. Coupe, Laurence, ed. The Green Studies Reader: From Romanticism to Ecocriticism. London and New York: Rouledge, n.d. Print.
[3]. Deloughrey, Elizabeth and George.B.Handley, ed. Postcolonial Ecologies: Literatures of the Environment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print.
[4]. Montero, Mayra. The Last Night I spent with You. Trans. Edith Grossman. New York: The Ecco Press, 2001. Print.
[5]. Philips, Dana. The Truth of Ecology: Nature, culture and Literature in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Print.

Abstract: Displacement of persons as a result of conflicts, natural disasters, climate change, and development projects has been generating series of humanitarian crisis both for national governments and the international community. As a source of growing concern for intellectual debates, this is an attempt to examine the challenges of displacement, strategies and principles for resettling displaced persons, as well as the responsibilities of resettlement authorities. In the light of the instances drawn from the experiences of the displaced Bakassi people of Nigeria, it is argued that the choice of resettlement strategies to address the associated challenges largely depends on the causes of displacement and the displacees' situation. Meanwhile, the displaced Bakassi people have been subjected to protracted displacees' situation that demands urgent attention to achieve durable solution; otherwise, their conditions may degenerate into intractable conflict based on indigene-settler dichotomy. This may be prevented through the relocation of the displaced Bakassi people from the various camps to a permanent place.

[[1]. Bank, T. W. (2011). Social Development and Involuntary Resettlement. Website: http://worldbank.org/accessed:11.02.2013: World Bank.
[2]. Bartolome, L., and Danklmaier, C. (2000). Displacement, Resettlement, Rehabilitation, Reparation, and Development. Cape Town: Secretarait of the World Commission on Dams.
[3]. Cernea, M. (1997). Risks and Reconstruction Model for Resettling DisplacedPopulation. Washington: Elsevier Science Ltd.
[4]. Concern. (2009). Displacement: How Can International Community helpDisplacedPeople Rebuild their Lives: A Focus on the Democratic Republic of Congo. US: World Wide Incorporated.
[5]. Dale, C. (2010). Monitoring Disaster-Induced Displacement: A Road Map forInternal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). Website, http://www.internaldisplacement.org/accessed: 11.02.13: Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre.

Abstract: In recent times, India has witnessed a number of protest movements that have interrogated, challenged and changed the practices and processes of its democratic functioning. The Pink Chaddi campaign has been one such popular agitation that has foregrounded the issue of access, equity and rights of women and its complex engagement with the discourse of development and the project of modernity. This essay examines just how 'radical' is this movement in creating and appropriating 'space' in the political, social and cultural matrix of postcolonial India and what is its relation with Indian feminism. The analysis is based on the premise that hardline majoritarian politics exercises its powerful control over women by fortifying spatial boundaries – the public domain for men and the private for women. The Pink Chaddi campaign may be read as a clearing of spaces to articulate women's rights, to disarm all forms of gendered power relations, and to raise consciousness about the need for gender parity for a truly equitable and developed society.

Keywords: Development, feminism, gender, Pink Chaddi, space

[1]. Chatterjee, Partha. ―The Nation and Its Women‖. The Partha Chatterjee Omnibus. OUP 1999. Print.
[2]. De, Shobha. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/shobhaa-de/politically-incorrect/The-new-desi-girl-is-here-dont-mess-with-her/articleshow/4240098.cms
[3]. Menon, Nivedita. Seeing Like a Feminist, Zubaan (Penguin) 2014. Print.

Abstract: History is a vital commodity in Africa fraught with politics. Until very recently Africa was a totally 'dark continent' before the Europeans, supported by the evidence of nineteenth century explorers. But in many cases it is not true. My main objective is about Muslim activities in East Africa when Europeans were not there. Muslim's political performance, trading system, social and cultural activities are described in this article in short. Because of Muslims glorious historical background in East Africa is unknown in many cases. It has also described about East-African tribal organization. I have had drastic over simplification and omission.,

[1]. Robert W. Strayer, Kenya, Focus on Nationalism, Prentice Hall; USA Inc. 1975, p-6.
[2]. Michael F. Lofchie, Zanzibar, Background to Revolution, Princton University press, New York, 1965, p-24.
[3]. Philip Curtain, Steven Feirman, Leonard Thompson and Jan Vansina, African History, Oxfotrd University Press, 1981, p-10
[4]. Anthony Sampson, Common Sense about Africa, New York, 1962, p-116
[5]. Rodger Yeager, TANZANIA: An African Experiment, West View press, Inc. 1982, p-6.
[6]. Kenneth Ingham, A history of East-Africa, London, 1965, p-1,
[7]. ibid-p-38.

Abstract: Background: In developing countries, complications during pregnancy and childbirth are still a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Birth preparedness promotes maternal healthcare service utilization to ensure safe motherhood by reducing the delay in deciding to seek care, reaching the health facility and receiving care. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice of birth preparedness among tribal women in Sukma district, Chhattisgarh. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in month of May-June 2013. 146 respondents were interviewed using interview schedule in twenty villages out of fifty-two village's selected using simple random sampling method. Data entry and analysis was done in SPSS version 20. Level of significance was fixed at 5%.

[1]. World Health Organization. Pregnancy is special let's make it safe. World Health Day, Safe Motherhood. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1998.

[2]. World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory, World Health Statistics 2013.

[3]. The Registrar General & Census Commisioner, India, New Delhi. 2010. (Ministry of Home Affair, Government of India).
[4]. The state of World's Children 2009, Maternal and Newborn Health. United Nation Children's Fund, 2008.

[5]. S Thaddeus and D Maine, 1994. Too far to walk: Maternal mortality in context. Social Science and Medicine 38: 1091.
[6]. JHPIEGO, 2004. Monitoring birth preparedness and complication readiness, tools and indicators for maternal and newborn health. (Bloomberg school of Public Health, Family Care International).

Abstract: Women's assertion of their identity and obstacles in this process is a common factor in Jai Nibmkar s novels.All the three novels are replete with various incidents which are direct or indirect result of gender inequality.The fact is that the woman is basically a woman as well as a person. As a woman she needs a man and as a person she is free to fight her own battle; nobody will come and give guide how to get self-identity, inside or outside the family.

Keywords: Women Centric, Identity Crisis and Inner Journey

[1]. Nimbkar. Jai, Temporary answers . Disha Books,1974. p-23
[2]. Ibid.,p.22
[3]. Ibid.,p.92
[4]. An interview with Jai Nimbkar as quoted by Dr. Archana Rohokale in her Ph.D. theisis.
[5]. Hampamma. G, 2011, "Self Victimization in the shorter fictions of Jai Nimbkar", Research Spectrum: Vol-2, Issue-11, P-4

Abstract:विदितमेव विदुषां यद्व्याकरणस्यान्वर्थं नाम शब्दानुशासनमिति, अनुशिष्यन्तेऽसाधुशब्दे- भ्यो विविच्य ज्ञाप्यन्तेऽनेनेति करणल्युडन्तेनानुशासनपदेन शास्त्रस्य समानाधिकरण्यम् । व्याकरणमपि असाधुशब्दावधिकसाधु- शब्दकर्मकपृथक्कृतिप्रयोजको नियमविशेषः । साधुशब्दान्वाख्यानमेतदीयं मुख्यं कृत्यम् । तत्रान्वाख्यानं
प्रकृतिप्रत्ययविभागपूर्वकं व्युत्पादनमेव,.....

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