IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2015

Abstract: Reading is a learning process. It enhances one's own knowledge. The aim of the study is to investigate the reading habits of the degree students of general colleges of Assam. The questionnaire method is applied for this study.

Key Words: Reading, Degree Students, Assam, Colleges, Cachar

[1]. CHAUDHURY,B.K & MISHRA,S. Survey of reading habits of Post graduate students of Sambalpur University. CLIS Observer, 1990, 7,(3-4),87-92.
[2]. DEVARAJAN (G). Reading habits of secondary school students in Trivandrum. ASLIB Bulletin,1979,6, 93-94.

Abstract: In 18 Poems ( 1934 ) and 25 Poems ( 1936 ), Dylan Thomas had sought to emulate one poet after another to find a form out of formless darkness. His poem The Map of Love ( 1939 ) can be properly understood only when the readers relate his development to the appraisal and awareness of the poetic tradition in the early poetry. The transitional poem, while stressing his feasible ideal of poetic licence, exhibits the parallel quest of the War poets—F.T. Prince, Roy Fuller, Alan Rook, Keidrych Rhys, Alun Lewis, and Sidney Keyes -- for their own identity as a poet, and their quest involves a weighing of several alternative choices. Apparently, it offers a comparative and contrastive estimate of the time-conscientious poets, Cecil Day Lewis, Stephen Spender, and Louis MacNeice and the life-conscious War poets, Fuller, Rook, and Rhys.The issues involved are wider and cover the whole range of aesthetic transcendence and historic sense of W.H. Auden.

[1]. Ackerman, John. Dylan Thomas: His Life and Work. London: Macmillan, 1964. Print.
[2]. Allott, Kenneth, ed. Contemporary Verse 1918-60. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1962. Print.
[3]. Auden, W.H. Look Stranger! London: Faber, 1936. Print.
[4]. ---. Another Time. London: Faber, 1940. Print.
[5]. ---. The English Auden: Poems, Essays and Dramatic Writings 1927-1939. London: Faber, 1977. Print.
[6]. Bloom, Harold. ―Poetic Origins and the Final Phases.‖ David Lodge, Ed. Modern Criticism andTheory: A Reader. New Delhi:
Pearson, 1998. Print.

Abstract: Schools have long been seen as institutions for preparing children for life, both academically and as moral agents in society. In order to become capable, moral citizens, children need to be provided with opportunities to learn moral values. However, little is known about how teachers enact social and moral values programs in the classroom. The aim of this article is to investigate the the moral education of the child with a critical attention paid to the allocation of responsibility. The paper tried to answer the question: 'Who gives the child his moral education, is it a collective responsibility or the sole responsibility of an institution'? The answer is that It's not only teachers in schools that can impart moral education to the children, but that the parents also play a great role in making the children aware of the importance of leading life ethically.

Keywords: Children, Education, Moral Values, Parents, Teachers.

[1]. J.G. Smetana, Parenting and The Development Of Social Knowledge Reconceptualized: A Social Domain Analysis, In: J.E. Grusec, L. Kuczynski (Eds.): Parenting and the Internalization of Values, New York: Wiley, 1997, pp. 162-192.
Books:
[2]. W. Frankena, Ethics. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc, 1973.
[3]. Kohlberg Lowrence, Moral Stages and Moralization: the Cognitive-developmental Approach, In Moral Development and Behaviors, edited by T. Lickona, New York, 1975.

Abstract: At the dawn of the second quarter of 2014, a wave of heated debate gripped the country when the results of a rebased GDP for 2013 were made public. The intensity of the debate were fanned by the fact that Nigeria emerged the largest economy in Africa and the 26th in the world, yet exhibiting unimaginable poverty realities. This paper aims at examining the economic rationale for rebasing, the timeliness of the exercise and its link with poverty – all questions raised in the debate. The deductive approach (using descriptive statistics on data drawn from 1986 to 2013) and inductive reasoning are adopted. The main conclusions reached indicate that; a broad base data capture that aligns economic activities in the nation and enhance accurate measurement of the size and structure of the economy provides overwhelming economic justification for the exercise; the timing cannot be put to question; the 2013 economic growth comes more from the private sector, so little is expected in terms of employment that can reduce poverty in Nigeria; and finally the mismatch between economic growth and poverty are exacerbated by national orientation. The paper recommends that to curb the disparity between economic growth and poverty, the appetite for foreign goods should be discouraged through embargo not tariffs; and to promote growth in the employment intensive sectors, the government sector should be made less appealing by inflicting heavy punishment on corrupt culprits.

Keywords: Rebased GDP, Economic growth, Unemployment, Poverty.

[1]. Aboagye A. (2012): What is the impact of economic growth on poverty? Accessed on 22/7/2014, from http://www.researchgate.net/post/.
[2]. Aboagye A. (2014): What is the impact of economic growth on poverty? Accessed on 22/7/2014, from http://www.researchgate.net/post/.
[3]. Aigbokhan B. E. (2008): Growth, Inequality and Poverty in Nigeria, Economic Commission for Africa, ACGS/MPAMS Discussion Paper No.3, Addis Ababa.
[4]. Asoluka Njoku A. and Okezie A. Ihugba O. A. (2011): Unemployment and Nigerian Economic Growth (1985-2009), Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Teaching, Learning and Change (c) International Association for Teaching and Learning (IATEL).
[5]. Balami D. H. (2008): Comparative Economic System, Salawa Prints, Maiduguri.

Abstract: Foreign direct investments play an important role in the economic development of host countries however these investments can also contribute to the widening of regional inequalities. Indeed Multinational firms have a tendency to concentrate in few developed regions within the recipient countries. This paper explores the location choice determinants of foreign companies located in 7 Moroccan regions between 1992 and 2011. We analyze the role of 4 economic variables: The agglomeration economies, the market size, the infrastructure, and the human capital. We built a linear model and conducted a separate regression analysis for each region. Results show that the 7 Moroccan regions of our sample rely on different factors in draining FDI inflows: while the market size and the availability of the human capital have a positive impact on attracting FDI for all regions (except for the northern region of Tanger-Tetouan), the variables agglomeration economies and infrastructure have controversial effects.

Keywords: Foreign direct investment, Linear model, Location determinants, Morocco, Regional inequalities

[1]. UNCTAD, G. 2014. World investment report.
[2]. R. E. Lypsey, Home- and Host- country Effects of Foreign Direct Investment, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004

[3]. S. Assunção, R. Forte, A.A. Teixeira, Location determinants of FDI: A literature review (No. 433), Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto, 2009.

[4]. J. H. Dunning, Institutional reform, FDI and European transition economies. Economics and Management Discussion Papers, 2004.

[5]. P. Krugman, What's new about the new economic geography?, Oxford review of economic policy, 14(2), 1998. 7-17. [6]. R.G. Popescu, The regional location decision of FDI in Romania, Ekonomska istrazivanja-Economic Research, 2013.

Abstract: Nigeria is experiencing a dull moment due to high level of insecurity that ravage the country. Criminal activities are believed to constitute a significant proportion to this increased insecurity situation. While, advanced strategies in GIS such as crime analyses are available and can have great potential for impacting a department's efficiency in crime reduction and professionalism, today relevant officials in most crime departments in Nigeria may or may not have the necessary skills to engage in computerized crime mapping. In this paper, the aim is to explore how the technology of GIS is being used in crime control research, identify the challenges of this technology in relation to crime control in Nigeria and finally design strategic measures to overcome obstacles.

Keywords: GIS; Crime Analysis; Crime Mapping; Security.

[1]. Ajala, I. (2013, May 20). National address gazeteer of Nigeria- An aid to national development and a100 million missed business opportunities for Nigerian postal agency & office of the surveyor general of Nigeria . Lagos, Nigeria.
[2]. Balogun, O. Y., & Uluocha , N. O. (1998). Fundemental issues in sustainable GIS implementation in Nigeria. In O. Y. Balogun, & N. O. Uluocha, Cartography and challenges of the 21st century in Nigeria. Nigerian Cartographic Association .
[3]. BusinessDay. (2013, January 11). Reforming the police. Nigeria.
[4]. Craglia, M., Haining , R., & Wiles, P. (2000). A Comparative Evaluation of Approaches to Urban Crime Pattern Analysis. Urban studies, 711–729.
[5]. Ferreira, J, João, P and Martins, J.(2012) "GIS for Crime Analysis - Geography for Predictive Models" The Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation Volume 15 Issue 1 2012, (pp36 -49), available online at www.ejise.com
[6]. Fotheringham, S. A., & Zhan, B. F. (1996). A Comparison of Three Exploratory Methods for. Geographical analysis, 3.

Abstract:Once referred to as the 'fairer sex' or a 'weaker sex', woman today is showing her prowess in every field. In the Trade and Commerce too the presence of woman is felt significantly. Women entrepreneurs are around for quite some time and also doing very well. But the success of a few women entrepreneurs can not hide the failure and frustration of many a struggling women entrepreneurs. Despite all the talk about gender-equality, gender-bias remains a reality even in the twenty-first century. As in all other fields, women have to face tough competition in the field of business. Trade and Commerce is the area where male-dominance prevailed since centuries. Women have just stepped in and are showing courage enough to compete with their male counterparts. They are playing a very crucial role in India's development. No nation can ignore half of its active population in the form of women. Though a lot has been achieved, a lot is yet to be achieved. Hence, the present paper aims at studying the role played by successful women entrepreneurs and their rural counterparts in India's development and analysing challenges before women entrepreneurs in present context. An effort will also be made to suggest some constructive and useful solutions to tackle the challenges.

Keywords: Women Entrepreneurs , Challenges, Self-Help Groups, Empowerment, Gender bias.

[1]. Board of Editors - The Entrepreneurs of India. Macmillan Publishers, India Ltd., 2004
[2]. C.S. Ramlakshmi - An Article 'Women Empowerment through Self Help Group.
[3]. Prof. D. Kumar, - Problems of Women Entrepreneurs in India ,Saket Publishers, Raipur-2003
[4]. Times of India - issues dated Jan 5, 2011; March 2, 2011, Mar 7,2011, Sep. 18,2011, Mar.4,2012)
[5]. Online information - Ten Successful Women Entrepreneurs in India. E-source www. womenentrepreneurs.com.

Abstract: Conflict negotiation at work has taken some serious intractable dimension to such an extent that even when one grievance bargaining scenario is resolves, another emerges. It thus becomes the concern of this study to examine the critical involvement of trust as compelling factor in managing parties conflict in workplace negotiations. To address this, 10 and private sectors organizations were sampled from Bayelsa and Rivers State in Nigeria. Using the institutional unit of analysis, 82 responses drawn from the 10 sample organizations provided data which were analysed using SPSS version 15 and result showed that trust is significantly related to the success of negotiation between parties in disputes. It is therefore concluded that organizational trust which becomes the expectant in the outcome of parties' negotiation should be pursued with utmost vigour and enshrined in the culture of the organizations.

Keywords: Organizational Trust, High Trusters, Low Trusters, Negotiation, Conflicts.

[1]. Chaudhuri, A., Khan S A., Lakshimiraton A Py A & Shah L., (2003), Trust and Trustworthiness in a sequential Bargaining Game. Journal of Behavoural Decision Making, 16, 331-340.
[2]. De Dreu C K W, (2003),Time Pressure and Closing Mind in Negotiation. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes. 60, 90-107.
[3]. Ferris G R, Blas F R, Douglas C, Kolodinsky R W & Treadway d C, (2005), Personal reputation I Organisation; In J Greenberg (Ed) Organisational Behaviour, The State of the Sciences. Mahwah N J. Lawrence Erlbaum.
[4]. Lewicki R I & Dineen B R(2003) Negotiating in Virtual Organisations, In Heneman R & Greenberg D, Human Resource management in Virtual Organisations. New York John Wiley & Sons.
[5]. Maxwell S, Nye P., Maxwell N (2003) The Wrath of trhe Fairness-fprime negotiator when the reciprocity is violated. Journal of Business Research, 56 (5) 399-409.
[6]. Mayer B., (2000) The dynamics of conflicts Resolution. San Francisco- Jossey Brass.

Abstract: In this paper we investigate, using the Johansen's cointegration procedures, the relevance of balanced growth hypothesis in Bangladesh, a least developed country. We find that major macroeconomic variables, viz. output, consumption and investment share a common stochastic trend in the sample period. The parametric restrictions consistent with strict balanced growth in the closed economy model is weakly supported within the Johansen framework. However, the same framework rejects balanced growth in the open economy model of Bangladesh. Direct stationarity tests outside the Johansen framework suggest non-stationarity of some great ratios indicating the absence of strict balanced growth in both closed and open economy model of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Balanced growth, Great ratios, Unit root, Stationarity, Cointegration.

[1]. R. Solow, A Countribution to the Theory of Economic Growth, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70, 1956, 65-94.
[2]. T. Swan, Economic Growth and Capital Accumulation, Economic Record, 32(2), 1956, 334-361
[3]. R. G. King, C. I. Plosser, J. H. Stock and M. W. Watson, Stochastic Trends and Economic Fluctuations, American Economic Review, 81(4), 1991, 819-840.
[4]. H. Li and V. Daly, Testing the Balanced Growth Hypothesis: Evidence from China, Empirical Economics, 37, 2009, 185–200, (DOI 10.1007/s00181-008-0229-7).
[5]. K. Whelan, New Evidence on Balanced Growth, Stochastic Trends, and Economic Fluctuations, Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland, Dublin, (2005).
[6]. P. I. Ji and J. Park, An Empirical Evaluation of the Balanced Growth Hypothesis: Evidence from Australia, Korea and the World Economy,12(2), 2011, 341-365.

Abstract: Female Informal Cross Border Traders (FICBT) are key economic actors in Zimbabwe and their activities should be viewed as a continuum of the formal sector. This study focuses on the importance of informal cross border trading in Zimbabwe as well as its impact on the vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. It argues that Zimbabwe should examine HIV and AIDS and informal cross border trading in an attempt to make meaningful and relevant legal and policy interventions for HIV and AIDS mitigation. Informal cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of the Zimbabwean economy. It is a source of livelihood for many poor people especially women. This research used the qualitative approach in gathering data. Primary data was collected through key informant interviews and survey questionnaires. A literature review of existing data on characteristics and movement of informal cross border traders and HIV and AIDS was also carried out. The findings of the study indicated that FICBT were more vulnerable to HIV and AIDS because of gender inequality, duration of time spend at border posts which are high transmission zones, accommodation and transport challenges and limited access to healthcare facilities. The research recommends that the Government of Zimbabwe should come up with appropriate sexual education and reproductive health programmes, recognise the role of informal cross border traders by designing intervention strategies and provision of adequate health care facilities at border posts.

Keywords: informal cross border traders, vulnerability, HIV and AIDS, gender inequality, high transmission zones.

[1]. AfDB (2012). Informal Cross Border Trade in Africa: Implications and Policy Recommendations. Africa Economic Brief, 3(10) 1-13.
[2]. Ainsworth, M. (1998). Setting Government Priorities in Preventing HIV/AIDS. Finance and Development, World Bank, www.worldbank.org (Accessed 10 September, 2014)
[3]. Family Health International (FHI) (2004). Women Who Engage in Transactional Sex and Mobile Populations in Southern Africa. Academy for Educational Development.
[4]. Grosskurth, H., Mosha, F., Todd, J. (1995). Impact of Improved Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases on HIV Infection in Rural Tanzania: Randomised Control Trial. Lancet, 346: 530-536.
[5]. International Organisation for Migration (IOM) (2005). HIV/AIDS Population Mobility and Migration in Southern Africa: Defining a Research and Policy Agenda. Pretoria: IOM.
[6]. International Organisation for Migration (IOM) (2005). International Dialogue on Migration. No.6. Health and Migration: Bridging the Gap. Geneva: IOM/WHO/CDC. www.iom.int (Accessed 20 November 2014).

Abstract: The current reforms in mathematics and science education recognize the crucial role that teachers play and thus target them as curriculum innovators and implementers through in-service education and training. Unfortunately, several pragmatic innovations have partially been implemented or completely shunned. Several factors have been highlighted as impediments to effective implementation. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of school-based factors on the acceptability of Alternative 'B' Mathematics curriculum in secondary schools in Kericho County. The study utilized a descriptive research design where frequency counts, tables and figures were used to boil down data into manageable units. A population of 157 principals, 401 teachers of Mathematics and 20 heads of secondary Mathematics curriculum at KIDC, MoE and KNEC were targeted. Simple random sampling was employed to select respondents. Data was analyzed using SPSS computer programme version 20.0, a reliability level of .83 was ascertained by using a pilot study and a reliability level of .76 was arrived at using cronbach Alpha. The findings indicated that school- based factors are key in curriculum implementation. Keywords: School-based factors, Implementation, Alternative 'B' Mathematics curriculum.

[1]. Miheso, K.M (2012). Factors Affecting Mathematics Performance among Secondary Schools Students in Nairobi Province: Kenya, Phd. Thesis, Kenyatta University Http//Rr-Library Ku.Ac.Keletd/Handle/123456789/2485.
[2]. Orloskey, D.E. (2007).Educational Administration Today.Ohio: Charles, E. Merrill.
[3]. Serem, B.W. (2009). Mathematics Teachers‟ Background Variables Related To KCSE Mathematics Performance In Public Day Secondary Schools In Nandi District Published M. Ed Thesis, University of Nairobi.
[4]. Fullan, M. (2002). Change Processes and Strategies at the Local Level. Elementary Journal, 85 (3), 391-421.
[5]. Fullan, M. (2003). "Curriculum Implementation". In The International Encyclopedia of Curriculum. (Ed. Lewy A.). Oxford: Pergamum Press.

Abstract: A playwright creates a play text with many inherent parts like plot, character, idea and language. Among these parts, characterisation is an important aspect as it helps to further the plot, to express idea and contribute to spectacle. A playwright creates character appropriate to the play and according to the dimensions in which it revolves such as physical, social, physiological and spiritual dimension. Therefore this study explores the process of character development by the play wright in the dramatic text and perseverance of this character construct in performance.

[[1]. Abrams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary TermsBanglore: Macmillan, 1998.
[2]. Birjadish Prasad. A Background to the study of English LiteratureNewDelhi: Macmillan India Limited, 1998.
[3]. Blamires, Harry. Twentieth Century English LiteratureLondon: Macmillan Education Lit., 1982.
[4]. Hudson, W. H. Introduction to Study of LiteratureLondon: Harrap& Co, 1961.
[5]. Wells, Stanley. Literature and DramaLondon: Routledge and Kegan, 1970.

Abstract: Major reforms have been on curriculum where several innovations have been developed in various disciplines for implementation at schools. Unfortunately, several pragmatic innovations have partially been implemented or completely shunned. Several factors have been highlighted as impediments to effective implementation that include level of involvement of stakeholders and policy issues. This study sought to assess stakeholders' influence on curriculum development process in secondary schools in Kericho County.This study was relevant because of the poor performance of learners in mathematics that raised an issue of concern to educators in Kenya for many years and despite availability of alternative curriculum which was designed as an option for students who had determined interest to pursue courses which did not require high competence skills in mathematics, secondary schools in kericho county had not implemented.

[1]. Ministry of education science and technology (2000)- A Hand Book for Inspection of Educational Institutions Ministry of Education and Human Resource Development Nairobi: Act press
[2]. Miheso, K.M (2012). Factors Affecting Mathematics Performance among Secondary Schools Students in Nairobi Province: Kenya, Phd. Thesis, Kenyatta University Http//Rr-Library Ku.Ac.Keletd/Handle/123456789/2485.
[3]. Hooghoff, H., & Bron, J. (2008). Core affairs: Scotland: Case studies basic education in Europe. Enschede, Netherlands: SLO-Netherlands Institute for Curriculum for Development.
[4]. UNESCO (2005). Challenges of implementing free primary education in Kenya: assessment report. Kenya. Nairobi: Ministry of Education, Science & Technology.

Abstract: Social norms and economic realities mean that child labor is widely accepted and very common in India. Many families rely on the income generated by their children for survival, so child labor is often highly valued. Additionally, employers often prefer to employ children because they are cheaper and considered to be more compliant and obedient than adults. When children are forced to work, they are often denied their rights to education, leisure and play. As per 2001's data, 1.26 crores child labour is existed over all India and 36.43 lakh children in the age group of 5-14 years are working in non-agricultural sector in the country, out of which 12.19 lakh children are working in hazardous occupations

[1]. ActionAid (2005) – From Hunger to Suffering … a Journey: Migrant Workers in the Brick Kilns – Interventions Report, Secunderabad, ActionAid.
[2]. Amin, Shahina; M. Shakil Quayes; and Janet M. Rives (2004) "Poverty and Other Determinants of Child Labor in Bangladesh", Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 70, No. 4 (April),
[3]. Ashagrie, Kebebew, 1998, Statistics on Working Children and Hazardous Child Labour in Brief, Geneva: International Labour Organization.
[4]. Basu, Kaushik (1999) "International Labor Standards and Child Labor" Challenge, Vol. 42, No. 5 (September - October), pp. 80-93;
[5]. Basu. Kaushik and Zafiris Tzannatos (2003) "The Global Child Labor Problem: What Do We Know and What Can We Do?" World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 17. pp. 147-173.

Abstract: Studies of Paul Celan's work usually devote substantial sections to his and his family's experience of concentration camps during World War II and thus questions might be raised whether these are the issues of his poetry, whether these are anecdotal and of general interest or whether they are the things that comprise his poetry. This study is based on the view that language behaves quite differently in poetry than in the execution of its other functions including historical documentation. Representation is the language function here and the output is an artwork. Condemnation to extermination, 'collective Jewish martyrdom', as Bekker puts it, on the basis of one's ethnic origin, the dire and dehumanizing experiences and the sense of the irrecuperable loss involved are undoubtedly at work in Paul Celan's poetry, but the poems are nevertheless extraordinary works of art. The paper explores the relationship.

Keywords: art, artistic image, experience, history, holocaust, myth, poetry, tragedy.

[1]. Arnold, Matthew. Selected Poetry. The Pennsylvania State University: The Electronic Classics Series, 2000-2012. http://www2.hn.psu.edu/faculty/jmanis/jimspdf.htm. PDF.
[2]. Balkin, J. M. Cultural Software: A Theory of Ideology. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. PDF. [3]. Bellm, Dan. ‗―The one pierced through‖: Four lines by Paul Celan'. Spillway, http://www.spillway.org. Summer 2012
[4]. Bekker, Hugo. Paul Celan: Studies in His Early Poetry. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2008. PDF.
[5]. Cassirer, Ernst. The Logic of the Humanities. Trans. Clarence Smith Howe. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1961. PDF.
[6]. ---. Language and Myth. Trans. Susanne K. Langer. New York: Dover Books, 1946. Print.

Abstract: This research paper attempted to study teachers' and learners' attitudes and practices associated with the participation of learners with visual impairment (VI) in Physical Education and Sport (PE&S). A case study, based on qualitative paradigm, was used to illuminate such attitudes and practicesin the implementation of the subject PE&S in school curriculum. A purposive sample of ten participants:six pupils with VI and four teachers was used in this study. Interviews, observations and document analysis were used for data collection. Two interview schedules were prepared, one for the teachers and the other one for the pupils. Both interviews were ethnographic and interactive in nature.

[1]. Anderson, G. (1990). Foundations of Educational Research. London: The Falmer Press.
[2]. Anderson, W. (1980). Analysis of Teaching Physical Education.St Lous: CV Mosby.
[3]. Anderson, M.K., Hall, S.J. and Martin, M. (2000).2nd Ed.Sports Injury Management.London: LipinattWiliams and Wilkins.
[4]. Barber, K.G. (1992). 4th Ed. Instruction of Physical Handicapped Pupils: Remedial Physical Education.London: Prentice-Hall Inc.
[5]. Barraga, N.C. and Erin, J.N. (1992).3rd Ed. Visual Handicaps and Learning. Texas: Pro Ed Inc.
[6]. Beashell, P. and Tylor, J. (1996).Advanced Studies in Physical Education and Sport.London: Nelson Publication.
[7]. Cady, F.W. (1989). Concept Development in Visually Handicapped Children. Boston: American Foundationfor the Blind.

Abstract:This paper presents a stylistic analysis of P.B. Shelley's poem "To a Skylark" . The paper also analyzes the poems using the tools of linguistics with a view to make their meaning explicit. The analysis covers the different aspects asgraphological, grammatical, syntactical, phonological patterns have also find tropes and schemes that are present in the poem. It is necessary to mention that stylistics is not only useful to students of linguistics, literary and cultural critics, but it is also useful to teachers of English language and literature ,whether English is taught as a first, second or foreign language. Theanalysis is helpful in understanding the structure and style of P.B.Shelley's poetry and his themes, reviews and treatment of nature and beauty .
Keywords: Style, Stylistics, Shelley, Ode, Skylark, Phonological Level, Grammatical Level, Graphological Level.

[1]. Bradford, R, Stylistics,London:Routledge,1997.
[2]. Carter, R, Peter Stockwell ,ed., The Language and Literature Reader New York: Routledge , 2008.
[3]. Carter, R. (1989). What is stylistics and why do we teach it in different ways? In M.Short, (Ed), Reading, Analyzing and Teaching Literature. London: Longman.
[4]. Crystal, David, ed. Directions in Applied Linguistics. London: Academic Press, 1981.
[5]. Print.
[6]. Freeman, D.C. (ed.) (1971), Linguistics and literary Style, New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Abstract: The present study has been undertaken to assess the Marketing of Information Products & Services by Central Scientific Instruments Organization under the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research in all the disciplines of CSIO, Chandigarh. A well structured questionnaire was distributed among the research-scholars and Scientists of Seven departments viz, Agrionics, Biomedical Instrumentation, Optical devices & System, Advanced Materials & System, Precision Mechanical System, Ubiquitous Analytical Techniques, and Computational Instrumentation under the Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Chandigarh. The responses were gathered from 67 users (37 Scientists and 30 Research Scholars).

[1]. Amritpal Kaur. Marketing of Information Services and Products in University Libraries of Punjab and Chandigarh. Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship. 8(3), 2007.
[2]. Amritpal Kaur, Sarita Rani. Marketing of information services and products in university libraries of Punjab and Chandigarh: A study. IASLIC Bulletin. 52(2), 2007, 83-103.
[3]. Anil Kumar. Marketing of Information Products and Services by the Research Scholars and Faculty members by the Kurukshetra University Library in the disciplines of Social Science: A study, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 19(2), 2014, 1-19.
[4]. Anil Kumar et. al. Marketing of Information Products and Services by the Research Scholars and Scientists in Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal: A Study." IOSR- Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 19(11), 2014, 58-78.

Abstract: Design thinking is a useful analytic tool that special education (SpEd) teachers can use to solve challenges they encounter in their daily work. It has five phases: discovery (how to approach a challenge), interpretation (how to interpret the challenge), ideation (what idea can be created to tackle the challenge), experimentation (how to use the idea to tackle the challenge) and evolution (how to evolve the idea and improve it). When the word "authentic" is added to the term design thinking, the original definition of design thinking has been extended and changed. It becomes a creative process that provides SpEd teachers a sense of confidence which they can involve in creating a more desirable future as well as taking action in face of a difficult challenge during their work. It helps SpEd teachers to design meaningful solutions to deal with their challenges ranging in scope and scale from curriculum to physical space and resources to processes and systems and to address problems in classroom, throughout the school and even across an entire district. It engages SpEd teachers in opportunities to experiment, create and prototype models, gather feedback, and redesign their lessons to enhance their students' learning and/or behaviour. Keywords – Authentic Design Thinking, Autism, Learning, Special Needs, Teaching.

[1]. Chia, N.K.H. (2011). A brief theoretical examination of the developmental process of continuous learning and teaching: From antegogy to gerontogogy. International Journal of Theoretical Educational Practice, 1, 30-43.
[2]. Shorall, C. (2009). Pass the Praxis II Test: Principles of learning and teaching (3rd ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson Education.
[3]. Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind in society: Development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[4]. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004. 20. U.S.C. §1400 et seq. (2004).
[5]. Chia, G.Z.H. (2015). Programmes for disabled people: The 3 As determining success. Today [Voices], February 10, p.21.
[6]. Chia, N.K.H., & Chia, G.Z.H. (2015). A proposed framework on working with parents of children with special needs in Singapore. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 20(2, Version 5), 87-93.