IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2015

Abstract: The paper aims at gathering empirical evidence on the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment of employees'. Transformational leaders inspire followers to accomplish more by concentrating on the follower's values and helping the follower align these values with the values of the organization. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the impact of the transformational leadership style on organizational outcomes. This review examines the following organizational outcomes: organizational citizenship behaviour/performance, organizational culture, and organizational vision.

[1]. Givens RJ. Transformational Leadership : The Impact on Organizational and Personal Outcomes. Emerg Leadersh Journeys. 2008;1(1):4–24.
[2]. Thamrin HM. The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance. 2012;3(5).
[3]. Burns JM, Bass BM, Handbook TB. Transformational leadership. 1978;1–5.
[4]. Bass BM. Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: The Free Press.; 1985.
[5]. Bass BM. Transformational Leadership: Industrial, Military, and Educational Impact by Bernard M. Bass, 1998 | Online Research Library: Questia [Internet]. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1998 [cited 2015 Jan 7]. Available from: https://www.questia.com/library/1359237/transformational-leadership-industrial-military

Abstract: Test of oral English has been reported by chief examiners to be an area where students perform poorly. This has contributed immensely to students' poor performance in English Language in public examinations. Studies on card games in other aspects of English Language have revealed them as effective. However, scholars have not delved into the use of card games in the teaching and learning of test of oral English. This study therefore examined the effects of ORELANCADRDS on students'achievement in segmental and suprasegmental phonology (test of oral English).

[1]. Ali, F.A. 2006. Cooperative vs. Individual Learning of Oral Skills in a CALLEnvironment. Computer Assisted Language Learning Journal.
[2]. Ariza, E. 2001.Interacting in English through games. PROFILE Issues in Teachers‟ Professional Development. 2, 6-8.
[3]. Animashaun, I. A.2002. The Effects of Simulation-Game on Students‟ Achievement and Attitude to Mathematics in Secondary School.
[4]. An unpublished M.Ed. dissertation, University of Ibadan.Aremu, A. 2001. Effects of Games on Mathematics Achievement of low Ability Pupils in Nigerian Primary Schools inIbadan Journal of Educational Studies.1, 96-105.
[5]. Bandele, A.S. 2005. Oral English Teaching in the Secondary School: A practical Approach. A paper presented at the training programme of the OgunState Association of Teachers of English.(Remo Zone).
[6]. Banjo, A. 2012.The deteriorating use of English in Nigeria. 1st English Language Clinic Lecture Faculty of Arts, Department English, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.Case, A. 2013.21 classic ESL card games. UsingEnglish.com

Abstract: Though the EFL students learn English at schools and colleges, the time allotted for their English lessons is very limited per day. Setting up English Language Clinics at the EFL schools and colleges will help students improve and develop their language skills. This paper aims at helping the EFL students develop their English language skills by opening English language clinics in schools and colleges.

[1]. R. Nordquist, http://grammar.about.com/od/e/g/English-As-A-Foreign-Language-Efl.htm [2]. http://www.prospects.ac.uk/english_as_a_foreign_language_teacher_job_description.htm
[3]. http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/clinic
[4]. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/clinic
[5]. http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/clinic
[6]. http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/clinic

Abstract: This article deals with how python programming is implemented practically. It is composed of what computational linguistics is, why computational linguistics is important, why python programming language should be implemented, how it is conducted in linguistics analysis. Following each topic are tasks aimed at disposing the principles of the program. Keywords: Python, computational, linguistics, application

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Abstract: Numerous research works have studied the problems of poor performance in English language examinations in Nigeria and have identified a number of hindrances to poor performances. One such hindrance which has enjoyed a flimsy attention is the challenges of large classes to teachers of English language especially with respect to teaching and marking of English language Essays. While a few works have concentrated on possible pedagogical strategies teachers may adopt in coping with the problem of large classes, none, it seems, has dwelt on specific pedagogical strategies teachers of English language may adopt in teaching and marking essays of students in oversized classes.

[1]. Adegbile, J. H. (2006). Evaluation Of The Teachers' Communicative Skills For The Junior Secondary School English Language Teaching. In JOS IH, Volume 1, Number 1, Pp. 140 –150.
[2]. Ajibola, M. A. (2010).Confronting The Challenges Of Teaching English Language As A Second Language In Nigeria. Journal Of The Nigeria English Studies Association (JNESA) 13:2, 95 - 105.
[3]. Akere, F. (1995). English Across Discipline: A Use Of English Text. Ikeja: Pumark.
[4]. Bailey, K. & Nunan, D. (1996). Voices From The Language Classroom. Cambridge University Library Press, USA.
[5]. Banjo, A. (1981). Reflections On Language Teaching And Applied Linguistics. Journal Of Language, Arts And Communication, Volume 2, Numbers 3 & 4.

Abstract: Beedi manufacturing the traditional agro forest based industry in India is highly labour intensive. The beedi rolling is generally done by women from poor socio economic strata. The beedi industry at the beginning is generally located in unorganized sector. Even though beedi rolling began in factory sector during the early 20th century by the last three decades this system has increasingly shifted from factory to house hold work. In this circumstance the production is widely dispersed and it is undertaken by a chain of contactors and there is no employer employee relationship existing. This study is mainly focussing on study of the origin and expansion of beedi industry in North Malabar, study of the commonly seeing occupational heath problems among the beedi rollers and study of how far the globalization policies affect this industry and worsened the occupational safety and health of beedi rollers.

[1]. Bino Paul.G.D, India Labour Market Report 2008, TATA Institute of Social Sciences Mumbai, March 2009
[2]. Economic and Social Development Department WHO, Tobacco in India, FAO Publications, U.N Information division 2012
[3]. ILO- Department of labour Karnataka, Beedi sector in India: An overview-Improving working conditions and Employment opportunities for Woman Workers in Beedi Industry 2001
[4]. K.R. Balalsubramanyan, Capitalism CPI (m) Style, Business Today, Dec 2012.
Proceedings Papers:
[5]. Dipanakar Bhattacharya, Globalisation and Working Class Resistance: Myths and Reality, Anti Globalisation Seminar in Guwahati, on May 1 , 2006

Abstract: Good governance involves a proactive role by the government in delivering the needful goods to the people. Good governance becomes all the more important in a society plagued by poverty, malnutrition, hunger, disease. Meghalaya a largely rural agrarian economy is plagued by high incidence of poverty, underdevelopment, unemployment, lack of basic infrastructure and high level of Infant Mortality Rate, Total Fertility Rate and anemia amongst children and women.

[1]. Allotment of Rice to FPS, April 2012, Office of the Deputy Commissioner (Supply), East Khasi Hills, Shillong.
[2]. BPL Census 2002, Community and Rural Development Department, Government of Meghalaya http://megcnrd.gov.in/.
[3]. Citizen‟s Charter, Department of Food and Civil supply, Government of Meghalaya www.megfcsca.gov.in/.
[4]. FCI Report to the RTI filed by MRTIM, 3rd May, 2010.
[5]. Press Notes on Poverty Estimates Government of India, Planning Commission January 2011, http://planningcommission.gov.in/reports/genrep/Press_pov_27Jan11.pdf.
[6]. UN Millennium Summit 2000, http://www.un.org/millennium/summit.htm.

Abstract: This paper discusses the translation of Makhioui text (MaT) into English in which MaT is achieved during wedding ceremony in Batak Simalungun tradition.The purposes of this article are to seehow deep the translation techniques are applied by translator andto find the impact of the translation techniquesto theacceptability of the text. The significance of this article is to enrich knowledge and cultural text-translation, as the reinforcement that cultural translation text has always faced many problems as well as togive some inputs tothe development of translation theory, translation techniques and translation quality in order the translation products fulfils the acceptability.

[1] Sathe, Vijay. 195, Culture and Related Corporate Realities: Text, Cases, & Reading on Organizational Entry, Establishment & ChangeIrwin Series in Management and the Behavioral Sciences New York. [2] Schein, H. Edgar. 1992, Organizational Culture and Leadership New York.
[3] https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ID/languages 6/7/2015 [4] Molina, L. and Albir, A.H. 2002. Translation Technique Revisited. A Dynamic and Functional Approach. Meta, Vol.XL VII, No. 4, 499-512 [5] Silalahi, Roswita. 2009. Dampak tehnik, Metode, dan Ideologi Penerjemah pada Terjemahan Teks Medical–Surgical Nursing dalam Bahasa Indonesia. USU: Medan.

Abstract: Conflicts between different religious communities are frequent in Malabar from 1990 onwards. This region of Kerala is densely populated with both Hindu and Muslim communities while the hilly region of Malabar has a strong presence of the Christian community. Various types of conflicts among these communities in some places developed into religious riots. Initially the Hindu-Muslim relations were affected by the arrival of Portuguese and later intensified by the British Colonial rulers. After the Colonial rule the communal politics of organizations like Rashtreeya Swayam Sevak Sangh, Muslim League and Islamic Sevak Sangh continued to use these conflicts for their political gains.

Keywords: Religious Conversions, Malabar, Hindu, Muslim, Christian.

[1]. Abdurahaman, K.P. (2004). Mappila Heritage, A study in their social and cultural Life, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Calicut.
[2]. Aravindakshan, K.P. (2009). Kerala Padanam. Kozhikkod.
[3]. Arivindan, K.P. (Ed.). (2006). Keralapadanam Keralam Engine Jeevikkunnu, Keralam Engine Chinthikkunnu. Thrissure.
[4]. Baburaj, K.K. (2008). Mattorum Jeevitham Saadyamaanu (Mal.). Kotttayam.
[5]. Chandramohan, P. (1999). Growth of Social Reform Movements in Kerala, in Perspective on Kerala History. Thiruvanathapuram.
[6]. Dale, Stephen F. (1998). The Mappilas of Malabar 1498-1922, Islamic Society on the South Asian Frontier. New York.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers' classroom strategy that influences students' performance in public secondary schools in Nandi County. Improvement of students' performance depends on strategies teachers' use in teaching students in the classroom, handling of student discipline and feedback from student assessments. The main objective of the study was to determine how teachers' classroom strategy enhances student performance in public secondary schools in Nandi County.

[1]. Barry, R.A. (2010). Teaching effectiveness and why it Matters. Oregon: Marylhurst University. (On-line) Available at; www.chalkboard project.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/ teacher- effectiveness-and-why-it-matters Retrieved on; 16-11-2012.
[2]. Bear, G. (2010). Discipline: Effective School Practices. University of Delaware: National Association of School Psychologists, Bethesda. (Online) Available at; www.nasponline.org/publications/booksproducts/..pdf Retrieved 15.1.2015
[3]. Darling-Hammond, L.D., Wei, R.C., Andree, A., Richardson, N., & Orphanos, S. (2009). Professional Learning in the Learning: A Status Report on Teacher Development in the United States and Abroad. National Staff Development Council: Stanford University. (On-line) www.learningforward.org/docs/pdf/nsdcstudy 2009.pdf Retrieved on; 8.12.2014
[4]. Chingos, M. & Whitehurst, G. J. R. (2012). Choosing Blindly Instructional Materials, Teacher Effectiveness and the Common Core. Brookings: Brown Center on Education Policy.(On-lineAvailable at; www.brookings.edu/˜/media/research/files/reports/2012/4/10 curriculum chingos whitehurst/0410-curriculum-chingos- whitehurst.pdf Retrieved on; 25.01.2012

Abstract: The earthquake 2005 was one of the major earthquakes in the history of Pakistan which affected Kashmir the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Over 75,000 people in nine districts lost their lives, and an estimated 120,000 more were injured. The affected area was massive, covering 30,000 square kilometers of mostly rugged, mountainous terrain- foothills of the Himalayas. Hundreds of communities were completely destroyed and more than a third of its population killed (IRIN Pakistan, 2006). This paper reveals that the national and international humanitarian response to the crisis was far-reaching. Practical reconstruction and rehabilitation were carried out by Turkey, Japan, Saudi Arabia and the UAE (UNICEF, 2006). National and International NGOs played their role to help affected people out and also rich peoples of society came forward and gave donations for the rehabilitation process.

Key Words: Universality, Humanitarian, Earthquake, Reconstruction, Rehabilitation

[1]. EM-DAT the International Disaster Database. (2007). Retrieved Jan 12, 2014, from www.emdat.be/
[2]. Joshi, S.R. (2008), Natural Disasters in North-East Region and its Management: An Essay, Centre for Science Education, North Eastern Hill University Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah, Shillong – 793 003, Meghalaya.
[3]. World Disasters Report (2003), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva.
[4]. Khan, F.A. (2006). The response to the earthquake in Pakistan, Humanitarian Exchange Magazine, ISSUE 34 July 2006 [5]. IRIN Pakistan. (2006). when disaster strikes: the response to the south Asian earthquake, the role of the military in the Pakistan earthquake. www.irinnews.org/InDepthId=6&ReportId=34370

Abstract: Youth in Kenya are increasing accessing television which has become more saturated with sexual content and sexual initiation is an important social and health issue in Kenya. Young people in Kenya are engaging in sexual activity at early ages. The television content rarely includes messages on safe sex or consequences of engaging in early sexual behavior. This exposure may influence the behaviour and attitudes of the youth negatively leading to early onset of sexual initiation.

[1]. American Academy of Paediatrics (2001). Media Violence. Committee on Public Education. 141 Northwest Point Blvd., Elk Grove Village, IL, 847-434-4000.
[2]. Aubrey, J. (2004). Sex and punishment: An examination of sexual consequences and the sexual
[3]. double standard in teen programming. Sex Roles, 50, 505–514.
[4]. Bandura, A. (1997) Self Efficacy: The exercise of control .W.H. Freeman &co: New York.
[5]. Baran, S .J. (1976b). Sex on TV and AdolescentS Self-Image. Journal of Broadcasting, 20, 61-8.
[6]. Baran, S. J. (2004). Introduction to Mass Communication: Media Literacy and Culture. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Abstract: School uniform is the single-most visible element of any school. Students in school uniform are walking advertisements for a school, giving an impression of the school. Data was collected through a pre tested questionnaire from 100 primary school children from different schools of Hyderabad regarding their preferences about specialized school uniform such as colour combination, garment fit, collar, sleeve styles, level of satisfaction, desired fabric in comparison with present clothing.

[1]. Bickman, L. 1974. Social roles and uniforms: Clothes make the person. PsychologyToday. 7 (11): 48-51.
[2]. Brunsma, D. 2004. The School Uniform Movement and What It Tells Us about American Education. The Journal of Educational Research. 97(2):53-62.
[3]. Caruso, P. 2002. Individuality vs. conformity: The issue behind school uniforms. NASSP Bulletin. 80 (581): 83-88.
[4]. Centre for policy research, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs. Are School Uniforms a Good Fit?. Results from the ECLS-K and NELS. 2009. ryyeung@maxwell.syr.edu.http://web.syr.edu/~ryyeung/

Abstract: The study investigated the role of social capital among street vendors of Harare Metropolitan. The investigation relied extensively on qualitative research because we wanted to get an in-depth understanding of the uses of social networks as daily survival tools for street vendors in the face of increased marginalisation. Observations, interviews and reviews of documents were used to collect data on the daily life, the problems faced by street vendors and problem-solving strategies.

[1]. Bryman, A. E. 2001. Social Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[2]. Busse, S. 2001. Strategies of daily life: Social capital and the informal economy in Russia. Sociological Imagination, Vol.38, No.2/3, pp1-36, Special Issue on the Informal Economy
[3]. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.200.9680&rep=rep1&type=pdf
[4]. (Accessed on 24 May 2015)
[5]. Coleman, J.S. 1990. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Abstract: This research aims to establish what extent the effect of variables such as multiple-intelligence-based training, characteristics, educational background and social economy background on the competence of early education tutor in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. The population of this study is the tutors or the teachers of early childhood education that are spread around 83 kindergartens and play groups consisting of 293 people held in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi.

[1]. Abdulhak, (2006). Bahan Ajar Pelatihn Tenaga Pendidik Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Laboratorium PAUD UP1 Bandung.

[2]. Ali, M. (2011). Memahami Riset Prilaku Social. Bandung: Pustaka Cendekia Utama.

[3]. ____ (2010). Metodologi Aplikasi Riset Pendidikan, Bandung: Pustaka Cendekia Utama.

[4]. Arikunto, S. (2000). Manajemen Penelitian. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta.

[5]. Armstrong. (2009). Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.