IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2017

Abstract: The major demographic processes such as mortality and fertility are affected by AIDS. Direct effects on mortality occur because AIDS causes the deaths of adults and children. The effects on fertility are indirect and less well understood. The accumulation of these direct and indirect effects causes changes in other demographic indicators. The most direct demographic consequence is more in mortality. The impact on the U5MR will be more severe, as many infected infants..........

[1]. Adetunji, J. (2000). Trends in under-5 mortality rates and the HIV/AIDS epidemic, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78: 1200–1206.
[2]. Anderson, R.M. (1991). Mathematical models of the potential demographic impact of AIDS in Africa, AIDS, 5 , Suppl 1:S37-44.
[3]. Anderson, R.M., May, R.M., Boily, M.C., Garnett, G.P., Rowley, J,T. (1991). The spread of HIV-1 in Africa: sexual contact patterns and the predicted demographic impact of AIDS. Nature, Aug 15;352(6336):581-9.
[4]. Bariagaber, H. (2001). Demographic and socio-economic consequences of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, Botswana Journal of African Studies Vol. 15 No 2 (2001)
[5]. Boerma, J.T. and Whitworth, J.A.G. (1998). Mortality impact of the AIDS epidemic: evidence from community studies in less developed countries. AIDS, 12 (suppl.): S3–S14..

Abstract: Archaeologist started working on animal bones and through this they tried to know about habitats, ecology and climatic condition of early India.1 However, we do not have any archaeologists who worked on medieval animal's bones or fossils. The Mughal sources inform us about the habitats and distribution of wild animals in Mughal Empire. According to archaeologists the faunal changes during Pleistocene consisted of the extinction and migration of animals from one place to another as per climate change. So, these activities too recorded in Persian sources of the Mughal period.............

Keywords: Deer, Mughal, Akbar, Jahangir, Hunt and wildlife

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Abstract: Areas inhabited by tribal communities are mostly found to be backward. The district Visakhapatnam is one of the most industrialised and growing districts of India, but has eleven sub districts mostly inhabited by tribes. Thus regional disparities are bound to exist. In order to understand the extent of regional disparities in the thirty-nine sub districts of Visakhapatnam (rural) out of the total forty-three sub districts, an attempt is made in the present study to compare the economic, social..............

Keywords: backwardness, quality of life, non-tribes, tribes, Visakhapatnam.

[1]. Ambiga Devi, P., and Hema Srikumar, 2011 "An Assessment of Poverty and Living Standards of Irulas: A primitive Tribal group in Tamil Nadu,"Journal of Rural Development, Vol. 30, No.2, pp. 221-231.
[2]. Bakshi, S., Chawla, A. and Shah, M., (2015), Regional Disparities in India- A Moving Frontier. Economic and Political Weekly.12 (1). pp. 44-52.
[3]. Bhatt,B. And P. M. S. Sachan (2004) Firewood consumption pattern of different tribal communities in Northeast India, Energy Policy, 32, 1–6
[4]. Das, S., Ghate, C., And Robertson, P. E., (2014) Remoteness, Urbanization, and India's Unbalanced Growth World Development Vol. 66, pp. 572–587.
[5]. Khan, F. A., and Salman Ali., (2012), A Simple Human Vulnerability Index to Climate Change Hazards for Pakistan, Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci. 2012, 3 (3): 163–176 doi:10.1007/s13753-012-0017-z..

Abstract: Today, the failure of the government has led the civilsociety tobecome active in raising the people centred developmental issues and problems. The civil society through its constituents can play a viable role. Civil society as an entity cannot be inimical to the state as it needs the support and assistance of the government. Similarly, the government will also benefit from the civil society in order to bring about a democratic and just social order. This paper makes an attempt to study YMA which is the largest voluntary developmental organisation in Mizoram and also tries to examine how YMA is seen as one important components of civil society in the context of Mizo society. This paper studies the varied roles played by YMA in the Mizo society and examine the nature of relationship that exists between government and civil society.

Keywords: Civil society, Government, Non-governmental organizations, Social capital, Voluntary developmental organisations.

[1] Neera, Chandhoke, Civil society as the third sphere, in Rajesh Tandon and Ranjita Mohanty (Eds.), Does civil society matter? Governance in contemporary India, (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2003) 27-58. page: 35
[2] Alexis de, Tocqueville, Democracy in America (tr. By H. Keane, Vol. 1) ( New York: The Colonial Press,1900). page 192
[3] Alexis de, Tocqueville, Democracy in America (tr. By H. Keane, Vol 2) ( New York: The Colonial Press,1900). page 2-117
[4] P.K.B.Nayar, Civil society, state and democracy: lessons for India, in N. Jayaram (Ed.), On Civil Society: issues and perspective, (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005) 124-136. page:126

Abstract: It was an age of miracles, it was an age of art, it was an age of success, and it was an age of satire, wrote F.Scott Fitzgerald and he nostalgically looked back to the jazz age-the period that began about the time of the May Day riots in 1919,and leaped to a spectacular death in October 1929. The old values were in a state of disintegration and new values were taking their place. The process was accelerated both by the war itself and postwar developments. The American success reached..........

[1]. James, T. Patterson, America in the Twentieth Century : A History (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1976), p.125.
[2]. Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream : American Economic and Cultural Expansion, (New York: Hill and Wang, 1982), p. 122.
[3]. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. The Crisis of the Old Order (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1957), p.57.

[4]. Frederick Lewis Allen, Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920's (N.Y.: Harper and Row, 1964), p.133.
[5]. Ibid, p.146..

Abstract: The present paper was undertaken with an aim to assess the role of job characteristics, job crafting and work engagement on performance. The two dimensions of performance explored are task performance and contextual performance. The study was conducted on middle level managers working in hotels. The sample of the study was 90 for the analysis of which a correlation design was employed. The results revealed that all the three predictor variables (job characteristics, job crafting and work engagement) have a positive and significant relationship with both task performance as well as contextual performance...............

[1]. Akoto, L. M. (2015). Self monitoring, job crafting and contextual performance among customer service personnel. M. Phil. Thesis, University of Ghana. Retrieved from http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh
[2]. Bacha, E. (2014). The relationship between transformational leadership, task performance and job characteristics. Journal of Management Development, 33 (4), 410-420.
[3]. Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Brummelhuis, L. L. (2012). Work engagement, performance, and active learning: The role of conscientiousness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 555–564.
[4]. Bakker, A.B., Schaufeli, W.B., Michael, P.L., & Taris, T.W. (2008). Work Engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work & Stress, 22(3), 187-200.
[5]. Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: the role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359–1378.

Abstract: Land use changes are vital to the food security challenge. Food security has determined the history of mankind. The global population will increase to about 9 billion during the next four decades. Food and feed demands have been projected to double in the 21st century, which will further increase the pressure on the use of land, water and nutrients. The interactions between food security and land use, both now and over the next few decades, are of paramount interest to policy, science and society at large. During the past one decade the study area has undergone many LULC changes due..............

Keywords: Agriculture, Anantnag, Food Security, LULC

[1] Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., & Toulmin, C. (2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. science, 327(5967), 812-818.

[2] Tilman, D., Balzer, C., Hill, J., & Befort, B. L. (2011). Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(50), 20260-20264.
[3] J. Schmidhuber, F.N. Tubiello Global food security under climate change Proc Natl Acad Sci, 104 (2007), pp. 19703-19708
[4] P.J. Ericksen Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research Global Environ Change, 18 (2008), pp. 234-245
[5] E.F. Lambin, P. Meyfroidt Global land use change, economic globalization, and the looming land scarcity Proc Natl Acad Sci, 108 (2011), pp. 3465-3472

Abstract: Weber's methodology for understanding political leadership has been misappropriated by organizational theorists and hence, has to be grounded and deconstructed using multiple strategies in order for us to understand the political leadership phenomena. Used in conjunction with a Bourdieuian method of analysis, contextualizing the professional politician may help us identify the complex processes of how charismatic leadership operates on the ground. The above concerns are addressed below.

Keywords: Bourdieu, Capital, Charisma, Pareto, Political Leadership, Weber.

[1]. Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society- An Outline of Interpretative Sociology. New York: University of California Press.
[2]. Joosse, Paul. 2014. "Becoming a God: Max Weber and the Social Construction of Charisma." Journal of Classical Sociology 266-283.
[3]. Treat, Shaun Robert. 2004. The myth of charismatic leadership and fantasy rhetoric of crypto-charismatic memberships. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University.
[4]. Calas, Marta B. 1993. "Deconstructing Charismatic Leadership: Re-reading Weber from the Darker Side." Leadership Quarterly 305-328.
[5]. McCulloch, Andrew D. 2014. Charisma and Patronage: Reasoning with Max Weber. Surrey: Ashgate Pubishing Limited

Abstract:This paper engages with Weber's concept of state and power and its scope in the context of anthropological works based in the village of Singur, West Bengal. It tries to understand the state as embodied and imbibed by the population rather than transcendent to it. This paper also contrasts the moral economy and subsistence ethic of the peasant with the logic of neoliberalism in the context of ethnographic works on Singur to reveal the complex empirical reality which helps expand the scope of such theoretical perspectives.

Key words -Moral economy, Neoliberalism, Singur, State, Weber.

[1]. Bandyopadhyay, D. (2008). Singur: What Happened, What Next and Time to Pay the Cost. Economic and Political Weekly, 13-16.
[2]. Banerjee, S. (2006-2007). Peasant Hares and Capitalist Hounds of Singur. Economic and Political Weekly, 5296-5298.
[3]. Nielsen, K. B. (2010). Contesting India's Development? Industrialisation, Land Acquisition and Protest in West Bengal. Forum for Development Studies, 145–170.
[4]. Nielsen, K. B. (2016). The Everyday Politics of India's 'Land Wars' in Rural Eastern India. Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology, 105-118.
[5]. Roy, D. (2014). Rural Politics in India: Political Stratification and Governance in West Bengal. Delhi, New York: Cambridge University Press..

Abstract: The study analysed income inequality and determinants of SHG households. The primary data of 400 SHG rural households were collected by applying multi stage sampling technique in the district of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Lorenz curve, Co-efficient of Quartile deviation, Co- efficient of variation and Gini Coefficient were calculated. Variation of household income and per capita income was tested by F-test and Z-test. Multiple regression model formulated to analyse determinants of income. It was found that the distribution of income by source shows that....................

[1]. A.P. Sebastian Titus (2002), "Promotion of Women Entrepreneurs through Self-Help Groups, Khadigramodyog", The Journal of Rural Economy, 49 (2):68-72.
[2]. Adams, R. H. Jr. and J. J. He (1995), Sources of income inequality and poverty in rural Pakistan,
[3]. Research Report -102, International Food Policy Research Institute.
[4]. Akram, W., Naz, I., & Ali, S. (2011), "An Empirical Analysis of Household Income in Rural
[5]. Pakistan: Evidences from Tehsil Samundri", Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 49(2): 231-249.

Abstract: Today, the failure of the government has led the civil society to become active in raising the people centred developmental issues and problems. The civil society through its constituents can play a viable role. Civil society as an entity cannot be inimical to the state as it needs the support and assistance of the government. Similarly, the government will also benefit from the civil society in order to bring about a democratic and just social order. This paper makes an attempt to study YMA which is the largest voluntary developmental organisation in Mizoram and also tries to examine how.......

Keywords: Civil society, Government, Non-governmental organizations, Social capital, Voluntary developmental organisations.

[1]. Neera, Chandhoke, Civil society as the third sphere, in Rajesh Tandon and Ranjita Mohanty (Eds.), Does civil society matter? Governance in contemporary India, (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2003) 27-58. page: 35
[2]. Alexis de, Tocqueville, Democracy in America (tr. By H. Keane, Vol. 1) ( New York: The Colonial Press, 1900). page 192
[3]. Alexis de, Tocqueville, Democracy in America (tr. By H. Keane, Vol 2) ( New York: The Colonial Press,1900). page 2-117
[4]. P.K.B. Nayar, Civil society, state and democracy: lessons for India, in N. Jayaram (Ed.), On Civil Society: issues and perspective, (New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2005) 124-136. page:126
[5]. Andre, Beteille, Antinomies of society (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000) page: 176..

Abstract: Life, the everlasting mystery of origin in this very planet emerges from either non-living material or eternal one which was introduced in this Earth from these ever existence of the depths of the space. Mass size, gravitational pull, luminosity, optimum incoming and radiant energy and alternative diurnal thermal extreme may have fulfilled the criteria of generation. Whatever are these sequences or arrangement or presence of elements and congenial atmosphere, life might be evolved in the natural setting of mostly open air theatre. Environment, i.e. the unique circumferential circumstance which is more or less affected by external, internal and extra terrestrial events such as cosmic rays, hailstorm, cyclones, famine, flood, earthquake, vulcanicity, polar wandering, infall of meteorites have been paused the smoothness of normal flow.

Keywords: Atmosphere, Earth, Environment, Life, Universe.

[1] K. Bryan, et al., Knowledge Encyclopaedia: The World As You‟ve Never Seen It Before, L. Munsey et al. (Ed.), (London: Dorling Kindersly Limited, DK- A Penguin Random House Company, 2017) 76.
[2] M.M. Kamshilov, Evolution of the Biosphere (Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1976) 15-16, 34, 100.
[3] R.W. Christopherson, Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography (3rd Edition), (New Zealand: Prentice Hall, 1997) 44.
[4] A.I. Oparin, and V.G. Fesenkov, Life in the Universe (Moscow: The Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1956) in M.M. Kamshilov, Evolution of the Biosphere (Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1976) 26.
[5] B.K. Hall, and B. Hallgrimsson, Strickberger‟s Evolution: The Integration of Genes, Organisms and Populations (4th Edition) (Sudbury, Ontario, Canada: Jones and Barlett Publishers, 2008).

Abstract: The present study investigated the effects of age and playing position on the physical fitness performance of female soccer players in Ethiopian females` football premier league and also the standing of Ethiopian female soccer players against the world`s established standards. Eighty five representative players from 5 females` football premier leagues in Addis Ababa were selected randomly and tested for their body mass index, sit and reach, Illinois, push up and sit up fitness.............

Keywords: Physical, Fitness, players, league, Position..

[1] Sporis G, Canaki M, Barisic V. (2007). Morphological Differences of Elite Croatian Female Soccer Players According to Team Position. Journal of Hrvatski sportskomedicinski vjesnik. 22: 91-96.
[2] Krustrup, P., Mohr M., Ellingsgaard H., Bangsbo J. (2005). Physical Demands During an Elite Female Soccer Game: Importance of Training Status. Journal of Medicine Science Sports Exercise. 37: 1242-8
[3] Kyle U G, Gremion G, Genton L, Slosman D O, Golay A, Pichard C.( 2001). Physical activity and fat free and fat mass as measured by bioelectrical impedence in3853 adults. Journal of Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33: 576-584.
[4] Can ,F. Yilmaz, I. Erden Z. (2004). Morphological Characteristics and Performance Variables of Women Soccer Players. Journal of Strength Conditioning Research. 18(3): 480 – 485.
[5] Davies,J. R, Dennis R.(2000). Physical Education and the Study of Sport. 4th ed. Spain: Harcourt; p. 124.

Abstract: Access to bank credit by SMEs has been identified as pivotal in unemployment reduction in developed countries. This has attracted the attention of many scholars in developing countries where unemployment is still unprecedented. In Nigeria, the issue of unemployment is still alarming despite policies and strategies of successive governments to ameliorate the situation through encouraging commercial banks to lend for the growth and development of SMEs. However, it is based on this that the study empirically examined the impact of commercial bank credit to SMEs on unemployment reduction in Nigeria using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach on the annual data from 1992 to 2014. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test confirms that all............

Keywords: SMEs, bank-credit, unemployment, interest rate, Nigeria

[1]. Abubakar, A. S., & Yahya, Z. A. (2013). Strengthening small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as a strategy for poverty reduction in North Western Nigeria. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1 (3), 189 – 201. DOI: 10.11634/232907811301338
[2]. Afolabi, M. O. (2013). Growth effect of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) financing in Nigeria. Journal of African Macroeconomic Review. 3(1), 193 - 205.
[3]. Ahiawodze, A. K., & Adade, T. C. (2012). Access to credit and growth of small and medium scale enterprises in the Ho Municipality of Ghana. British Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 6 (2), 34 – 51.
[4]. Akingunola, R. O. (2011). Small and medium scale enterprises and economic growth in Nigeria: An assessment of financing options. Pakistan Journal of Business and Economic Review, 2(1).
[5]. Alalade, Y. S., Amusa, B. O., & Adekunle, O. A. (2013). Microfinance bank as a catalyst for entrepreneurship development in Nigeria: Evidence from Ogun State? International Journal of Business and Social Sciences. 4(12), 286 - 303.