IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2017

Abstract: Social dynamics can lead to bring changes in the issue of resource dependability and sustainable development, whereas sustainability for the use of resources is linked with societal adjustments and adoption of newer occupations. The trend of work involvement in a society has its own attachment with the process of resource collection and use from the surrounding. The active working force of Totopara village has been transforming with their involvement towards the transforming economic activities. The traditional livelihood of the community has been shifting towards the new era of techno-centric life-style where abundant opportunities exist many a times without any rational thinking of environment sustainability and resource use. The tribes of Totopara rely on their primitive way of livelihood............

[1]. J Das, Factors Influencing The Socio-Economic Status of Toto Tribe In Madarihat, Block of Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, Geo-Analyst ( ISSN 2249-2909), 1(2), 2011, 66-69.
[2]. A Dawn, A peep into the lifestyle of the endangered Toto tribe of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, International Journal of Modern Research and Review, 2(4), 2014, 161-164.
[3]. District Census Hand Book, (1961, 1981, 1991, and 2011), Jalpaiguri, Village and Town directory, pp. 48-49, 100-101, 112-113, 193.
[4]. R Dutta, Concept of Health, Disease and Treatment among The Totos of Totopara in Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, Doctoral Thesis, Department of Anthropology. University of North Bengal, 2014, 52-55, 62, 71, 76, 90-143.
[5]. G A Grierson, Linguistic survey of India (Tibeto-Burman family, Part-I, Vol. III, 1926) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.32103].

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze and understand the significance and relevance of motivation and leadership at work place by taking the point of view of various philosophers and thinkers and discussing whether they are a precondition or an obligation at workplace. Though motivation and leadership are two different aspects but they go parallel with each other. This paper also tries to distinguish different types of motives thereby explains the basic motives of a normal human being in relation to his social and professional life, and interaction etc. There is no solution unless there is a motive or will to do the same............

Keywords: Goal, Leadership, Motivation, Motives, Need..

[1] https://www.pinterest.com/pin/380343131003636590/ Web Access: 22 June, 2017
[2] https://rbalu.wordpress.com/category/vivekananda-and-vedanta/page/5/ Web Access: 25 June, 2017
[3] http://bustedhalo.com/dailyjolt/one-of-the-most-difficult-things-is-not-to-change- society-but-to-change-yourself-nelson-mandela Web Access: 29 June, 2017

Abstract: The aim of the study is to identify the level of self-esteem among pre service teachers with respect to year of study, academic streams and type of management. For this purpose 630 pre-service teachers selected from government, government aided and self finance Teacher Training Institutions (TTI) in Chennai. Self-esteem Inventory (1996) developed by S. Karunanidhi and it was modified and standardized by the investigator for collection of the relevant data from desired areas...............

KEY WORDS: self-esteem, pre-service teachers, competency, global self-esteem, social-esteem adolescents, Teacher Training Institutions (TTI‟s).

[1]. Branden, N. (1969). The Psychology of Self-Esteem: A New Concept of Mans Psychological Nature. Los Angeles, CA: Nash Publishing.
[2]. Hema, R Bhadawkar (2017). A study of academic achievement of B.Ed. Students in relation to their self-esteem. Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language,4 (20), 4447-4457.
[3]. Pooja Bhagat (2016). Relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement of secondary school students. International Journal of Innovative research & development, 5(7), 211-220.
[4]. Sonal, D Parmar (2014). Gender and economic status effect on self-esteem among college students. The international journal of Indian psychology, 2(1), 168-171.
[5]. Vishalakshi, K.K & Yeshodhra.K (2012). Relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement of secondary school students. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 1 (12), 83-89.

Abstract: The present research is an attempt to study the perception and beliefs regarding female foeticide in Jammu and Kashmir. It is a well-established fact that the status of girl in a society can be resoluted by various factors that have a direct or indirect approach towards education, health, economic role, presence in professions and management as well as the decision making power within the family. The influence can be clearly read by certain beliefs and values governing a societye:..............

Keywords: Female feticide, female foeticide in Jammu and Kashmir, sex ratio

[1]. Anzaldúa, Gloria. 1987. Borderlands/La Frontera. San Francisco: Spinster/Aunt Lute
[2]. Behl, Natasha. 2014. "Situated Citizenship: Understanding Sikh Citizenship through Women's Exclusion." Politics, Groups, and Identities 2 (3): 386-401.
[3]. Brah, Avtar. 2005. "Locality, Globality and Gendered Refractions." Punjab Studies Journal 12 (1): 153-165.
[4]. Chhachhi, Amrita. 1989. "The State, Religious Fundamentalism and Women: Trends in South Asia." Economic and Political Weekly 24 (11): 567-578.
[5]. Collins, Patricia Hill. 1990. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. Boston: Unwin Hyman.

Abstract: Kanyashree Prakalpa is a Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Scheme that concentrates on girls currently most at-risk for dropping out of school and for child marriage: adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18. The effectiveness of the Prakalpa immediately appears just after the implementation of Kanyashree Prakalpa-2013 across the state. The districts do not have uniformity in effectiveness. The districts have been compared over the years on their effectiveness.

Key Words: Kanyashree Prakalpa, Conditional Cash Transfer, effectiveness, cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis, ranking

[1]. A detail discussion will be found in Humayun Kabir, The Indian Heritage, 1946; Bombay: Ashish Publishing House, 1955, K. M. Kapadia, Marriage & Family in India, 1955; London: Oxford Univ. Press,1966, Shakunthala Rao Shastri, Women in Sacred Laws, 1953;
[2]. G. R. Gupta ed, Family and Social Change in Modern India, New Delhi: Vikas, 1976 4.Report on "State of the World‟s Children", UNICEF,2009
[3]. Report on the National Consultation on Prevention of Child Marriage held at New Delhi on 25th May 2012, organised by the Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD)
[4]. New Estimates of India‟s Middle Class: Technical Note, Christian Meyer, Nancy Birdsall, Center for Global Development, November 2012.
[5]. S. Saxena, "Girls Education: Constraints and Barriers", in In-service Teacher Education on Girls Education, Distance

Abstract: Gao Xingjian, Chinese Nobel Laureate in Literature is known for his highly innovative narrative style and whose creative use of language "undoubtedly place him in the forefront of world literature" (Tam vii). His fiction Soul Mountain (2000) depicts an introspective journey in the early 80s into the remote mountains and ancient forests of Sichuan in southwest China. On his long journey as a political refugee from Beijing, Gao Xingjian employs the strategy of storytelling to disperse his loneliness, and at the same time narrates the impact of the Cultural Revolution on both the human and physical ecology of China............. .

KEY WORDS: Ethnography, Self, Landscape, non-human, Yangtze valley

[1]. Ball, Eric L. "Literary Criticism for Places" Symploke. Vol. 14 no. 1-2 (2006):232-251.Print.
[2]. Barua, Krishna and Anurag Bhattacharyya. "Place, Landscape and Self in Gao Xingjian‟s Soul Mountain". Simon C. Estok, I-Chun Wang and Jonathan White, eds. Landscape, Seascape, and the Eco-Spatial Imagination. New York: Routledge, 2016.
[3]. Bhattacharyya, Anurag. "Place, Landscape and Memory: Towards an Ecological Reading of Gao Xingjian‟s Soul Mountain" IJELLH. Vol. II no. IV (2014): 99-109. Print.
[4]. Buell, Lawrence. "The Ecocritical Insurgency" New Literary History 30.3 (1999): 699-712. Print.
[5]. ---. The Future of Environmental Criticism: Environmental Crisis and Literary Imagination. UK: Blackwell Publishing, 1995.Print

Abstract: The objective of the study is to describe hygiene behavior of vocational school students majoring in culinary in Malang, Indonesia (n = 414). The described behavior is related to student's knowledge and habit formation teachers introduced in order to apply the principles of food hygiene during food processing class. The findings showed that most of the students (65.5%) had good knowledge on hygiene and 1.4% of them had very good knowledge on hygiene. 51.0% of the teachers developed student's habit formation to apply food hygiene principles frequently and 41.8% of them always developed the student's habit formation to apply the food hygiene principles...........

Keywords: hygiene behavior, knowledge, habit formation, food processing class, vocational school students

[1]. Anderson, L.W., dan Krathwohl, D.R. 2001. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assesing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educatioanl Objectives. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
[2]. Bas, M., Ersun, A.S., Kivan, G. 2006. The Evaluation of Food Hygiene Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Food Handler in Food Businesses in Turkey. Food Control Journal, 17: 317-322.
[3]. Angelillo, I. F., Viggiani, N. M. A., Rizzo, L., & Bianco, A. 2000. Food Handlers and Foodborne Diseases: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Reported Behavior in Italy. Journal of Food Protection, 63, 381–385.
[4]. Anuradha, and R.H. Dandekar. 2014. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among food handlers on food borne diseases: A hospital based study in tertiary care hospital M. International Journal of Biomedical And Advance Research. ISSN: 2229-3809 (Online) Journal DOI:10.7439/ijbar CODEN:IJBABN IJBAR (2014) 05 (04) www.ssjournals.com
[5]. George Amponsah Annor, Ekua Anamoaba Baiden. 2011. Evaluation of Food Hygiene Knowledge Attitudes and Practices of Food Handlers in Food Businesses in Accra, Ghana. Journal ofFood and Nutrition Sciences, 2011, 2, 830-836

Abstract: Child labour is nothing but the employment of children in any work that deprives them from their childhood . Work in the sense which does not allow the children to attend the school regularly. Child labour are the children who live within the four walls of the society, where the first wall is poverty, second wall is illiteracy, third wall is hunger ( in this the children have been dragged into the situation where they have to work for the food and no other choice ) and the fourth wall is the unemployment ( which leads to low family income ) . The plague child labour can be tracked down to 19th century and early 20th century, where children of age 6 – 14 years has been working for their family in Europe & United States. But by the passage of time , due to increased family income , drop of illiteracy level and due to implementation of legal legislation , it is said that change was brought and the level of child labour fell down............

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Abstract: Language is a complex entity. And learning a language is a complex process. Moreover, if it is not one's mother tongue then it becomes more complex for him to learn it properly. If I say that 'the languages are the representatives of the respective cultures', it would not be a hyperbole because every specific event like birth, death, marriage, and the festivals have a specific vocabulary of its own in different cultures. Though every language bears some regional characteristics, and holds specific grammar, sentence structure and vocabulary, still there is room for some similarities and contrasts with other languages. English and Hindi are also very different in their structure, grammar and obviously in vocabulary too...................

[1]. Swan, Michael. (2005). Practical English Usage (3rd Edition). Oxford University Press.
[2]. Quirk and Greenbaum. (2010). A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. Pearson Education Ltd.
[3]. Parrot, Martin. (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers. Cambridge university press.
[4]. Enikő TANKÓ. University of Bucharest. Facing Difficulties in the Acquisition of the English Passive by L1 Speakers of Hungarian
[5]. Narayanswamy, K R. A Teacher's Grammar of English. Orient Blackswan Pvt. Ltd. 2008.

Abstract: Right to information Act is key to successful democracy. Well informed public form a rich human resource for development of the country. Following UNO, the international community adhered to practice of freedom of information as a basic Human Right and incorporated it in their legislative list providing a legal right to the people. India travelled from age of Official Secret Act during British Rule to incorporation of Right to information Act as a new legislation in 2005. Supreme court has declared the right to information as fundamental right and citizens are empowered to legally seek any information from public authorities...........

Key words: Right, information, Democracy

[1]. James Madison, 1882
[2]. Aristotle
[3]. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 in its Article 19 (2)
[4]. AIR 1973 SC 106
[5]. 5. AIR 1975 SC 865.

Abstract: Media has become the most important tool of society to spread awareness about different fields because it has the potential to cover large population. Conventional media comes in different forms as print media (books, magazines, journals,novels and newspapers), television, movies, video games, music, cell phones, various kinds of software, and the Internet. To discuss women empowerment it is necessary to deal with the present situation of women in India..........

Keywords: Media and Women Empowerment.

[1] Brody, A. (2009), Gender and Governance: Overview Report, BRIDGE Cutting Edge Pack, April, Retrieved from http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/sites/bridge.ids.ac.uk/files/reports/Governance_OR_final.pdf.
[2] Khan, E. A. & Moin, A. (2013). Women Empowerment: Role of New Media. Retrieved from http://www.ocwjournalonline.com/Adminpanel/product_images/7f2535d7e476506d7e2a368e4bdb220c.pdf
[3] Loiseau,E. & Nowacka,K.(2015). Can social media effectively include women‟s voices in decision-making processes? OECD Development Centre, March 2015. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/dev/development-gender/DEV_socialmedia-issuespaper-March2015.pdf
[4] Narayana,A.& Ahamad,T.( 2016). Role of media in accelerating women empowerment. International Journal of Advanced Education and Research ISSN: 2455-5746. Retrieved from www.newresearchjournal.com/education
[5] Pew Research Center (2012), Social Networking Populr Across Globe, Retrieved from http://www.pewglobal.org/2012/12/12/socialnetworking-popular-across-globe.