IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct 2021

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns and predictors of drug use among undergraduates in Akwa Ibom state. A cross-sectional study of 600 randomly selected students was conducted, using standard measures of drug use and a section to measure drug use and demographic variables. Respondents' mean age was 21.05 years (SD = 4.24) while age at drug use debut was 16.15 (SD = 2.01). Results showed that, overall, mean score on DUDIT was 27.55 (7.46). A comparison of respondents from the 3 universities showed no significant difference in drug use: 27.16, 28.55 and 26.95 for UniUyo, AKSU and RU respectively. Results also showed that while 22.66% of respondents never used drugs other than alcohol, about 77% had used drugs other than alcohol ranging from between twice a month to about twice a week.......

[1]. Abikoye, G. E., & Adekoya, J. A. (2010). Predicting Substance Abuse in a Sample of Nigerian Undergraduate Students: The Role of Core Self-Evaluations and Delay of Gratification. Psychological Studies, 55 (4), 299 – 307. DOI 10.1007/s12646-010-0047-9
[2]. Abikoye, G. E. & Awopetu, R. G. (2017). Drug Use and Multidimensional Work Performance in a Sample of Policemen in Akwa Ibom State. African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies, 16 (2), 59 – 68.
[3]. Abikoye, G. E., Eze, C. E., & Uchendu, I. U. (2014). Co-Occurrence of Substance Use and Study Difficulty among University Students. Psychological Studies, 59 (4), 408-412. DOI 10.1007/s12646-014- 0265-7.
[4]. Abikoye, G. E., Ineme, M. E., Akinnawo, E. O., Okonkwo, E. A., & Osinowo, H. O. (2021). Drug Use and Motivation for Treatment in Patrons of Selected Bunks in Uyo, Nigeria: A Qualitative Perspective. Journal of Substance Use, 26 (1), https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2021.1871979
[5]. Ajao, B. (2014). Knowledge, attitude and practices of substance use among university students. Retrieved from ttp://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication_article/ajpherd_v20_n1_a19.

Abstract:The present study was undertaken to study the gender differences with regard to the effect of self-confidence on depression among adolescents. Keeping in view the main objective of the study, two levels of self-confidence (high and low) were grouped together with the two levels of sexes (boys and girls) to yield four conditions.All the subjects were matched on their educational level and SES level. The selection of the subjects was done using randomization technique. A 2x2 factorial design was made. A sample of 100 subjects was equally divided among high and low self-confidence which was further equally divided on the gender. ―Self-confidence Inventory‖ developed by Rekha Gupta (2013) was administered to determine the level of Self- Confidence. ―Manual for Depression scale‖ developed by Shammi Karim and Rama Tiwari (1986) was administered to determine the level of depression. The Mean and ANOVA were utilised to examine the outcome of the study. The results revealed that significant difference exists between adolescents with high and low level of self-confidence on depression and its dimensions but with no gender differences as such.

[1]. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) website at http://www.aacap.org/publications/factsfam/develop.htm
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Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Volume 36, Issue 8, Pages 1148-1153
[3]. Barhum, Lana; (2018) Developing a Sense of Self-Worth When You Have Depression website at https://depression.newlifeoutlook.com/healthy-sense-self-worth/
[4]. Bennett DS, Ambrosini PJ, Kudes D, Metz C, Rabinovich H. Gender differences in adolescent depression: do symptoms differ for boys and girls? J Affect Disord. 2005 Dec;89(1-3):35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.05.020.
[5]. Berger, K [1999] The developing Person: Through Childhood and Adolescence New York: Worth Publishers.

Abstract: While voice production is a natural part of human existence which allows functional communication to occur in a regular basis, this is not the case among laryngeal cancer survivors. The treatment approaches for post laryngeal cancer has severe impact on the survivors' ability to communicate as they experience persisting voice problems and inability to speak normally. This study sought to establish the effects of post laryngeal cancer treatment on speech production and vocal quality of laryngeal cancer survivors at Kenyatta National Hospital. The study utilized a concept based on myoelstic Aerodynamic theory by Van Den Berg theory of voice production. The study was conducted at Kenyatta National Hospital Ear Nose and Throat clinic and the study population included 28 laryngeal cancer patients who had undergone treatment, 2 oncologists and 1 speech therapist. The research adopted an experimental study design. Data was collected using questionnaires. The study findings show that......

Keywords: Voice Function and Communication, Laryngeal Cancer Survivors, Post Laryngeal Cancer Treatment.

[1]. Bergström, L., Ward, E.C, & Finizia, C. (2016). Voice rehabilitation for laryngeal cancer patients: Functional outcomes and patient perceptions. The Laryngoscope, 126(9), 2029-2035.
[2]. Bergström, L., Ward, E.C, & Finizia, C. (2017). Voice rehabilitation after laryngeal cancer: Associated effects on psychological well-being. Supportive Care in Cancer, 25(9), 2683-2690.
[3]. Gheit, T., Abedi‐Ardekani, B., Carreira, C., Missad, C.G., Tommasino, M., & Torrente, M.C. (2014). Comprehensive analysis of HPV expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of medical virology, 86(4), 642-646.
[4]. Han, Y., Yang, L.H., Liu, T.T., Wang, J., Li, H., Yu, G., & Wang, E.H. (2015). Liposarcoma of the larynx: report of a case and review of literature. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 8(1), 1068.
[5]. Iseh, K. (2011). Total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer in a Nigerian tertiary health center: Prognosis and outcome. Journal of surgical technique and case report, 3(1), 23

Abstract: The schooling status of girls who are in puberty period can be affected by various factors like menstruation period, early marriage, sexual harassment, lack of self -esteem, early pregnancies and premarital sex as the academic performance depends on various aspects including students' behavior. The purpose of this paper therefore, was to examine the effect of girl child puberty factors on academic performance in Nine Years Basic Education (9YBE) in Gasabo district in Rwanda. The study was guided by correlation research design. The target population was 284 people including 4 head teachers, 80 teachers and 200 female students and Yamane formula was used to get......

Key Words: Puberty factors, academic performance, Nine Years Basic Education

[1]. Abesha, M.J. (2010). Strategies Employed by Secondary School Principals to Improve Academic Performance in Embu West District. Kenyatta University. Retrieved April 25,2018from http://irlibrary.ku.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/123456789/930/Mwaura%2C%20James%20Maina. pdf? Sequence=3
[2]. Ackers, J. (2001). Identifying and addressing the causes of declining participation rates in Kenyan primary schools. International Journal of Educational Development. Nairobi. Kenya.
[3]. Admassie, A. (2003). Child labour and schooling in the context of subsistence rural economy: can they be compatible? International Journal of Educational Development. Nairobi. Kenya
[4]. Ainsworth, M. Beegle, K. & Koda, G. (2005). The impact of adult mortality and parental deaths on primary schooling in North-Western Tanzania. The Journal of Development Studies,Dar es- salam. Tanzania
[5]. Al Samarrai, S. & Peasgood, T. (1998). Educational attainments and household characteristics in Tanzania. Economics of Education Review, 17(4): 395-417.

Abstract: Throughout the years, the foreign policy of Turkey has impacted enormously on numerous African countries from multiple points of view. It is either attempting to contend with other wealthy countries such as China and India or trying to provide assistance in conflict zones like Somalia, Sudan and Niger. Recently, however, there is a growing need to analyze the interest which seems to be generating on the focus of turkey in Nigeria, which is an essential nation of Africa. This article investigates the evolving situation and upcoming prospect of the Fethullah Gülen movement (GM) in the aftermath of the 15 July 2016 failed coup in Turkey. Following the crackdown by Turkish authorities, the implication of the coup projects a bleak future for the GM. Up till this moment, it is not....

Keywords – Fethullah Gülen movement, Non-State Actor, International Relations, Nigeria, Turkey

[1]. J. Jager, "Understanding the Gülen Movement." Small Wars Journal, 5(2), 25, Feb, 2016.
[2]. H. Taş. ( 8). A history of Turkey's AKP-Gülen conflict. Mediterranean Politics. Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2017.1328766
[3]. W. Khan, H.U. Khan, "The Gulen Movement: The Blending of Religion and Rationality". Journal of Research in Social Sciences, Jan 2018.
[4]. B, Balci, "Situating the gülen movement in France and in Europe". Politics, Religion and Ideology, 2018. Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2018.1453262
[5]. A.T Ayaz, The Role of International Non-governmental Organizations (NGO) in preserving international peace and security. International Academic Journal of Social Sciences, 2019. Available: https://doi.org/10.9756/iajss/v6i1/1910006

Abstract: South Sudan has made progress transiting from conflict-ladened to unity focused state. The aim of this critical review was to explore the transformation progress, and the impacts of inclusive governance in peacebuilding. The study adopted an empirical research design to determine inclusive governance and citizen engagement in key decision making in South Sudan. Applying Positivist, and Pragmatist research philosophies. The researcher analysed existing studies, and reports on inclusivity and peacebuilding commitments in South Sudan. The findings revealed that good governance, inclusive participation, equitable resource allocation, accountability, transparency, enabling judicial framework and political good will leads to states' transition and lasting peacebuilding.

[1]. Adams, F. (2003). Deepening democracy: Global governance and political reform in Latin America. Greenwood Publishing Group.
[2]. African Center for Strategic Studies. (2019, January). Taking Stock of the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan. https://africacenter.org/spotlight/taking-stock-of-the-revitalized-agreement-on-the-resolution-of-the-conflict-in-south-sudan/
[3]. Banke-Thomas, A., Nieuwenhuis, S., Ologun, A., Mortimore, G., & Mpakateni, M. (2019). Embedding value-for-money in practice: A case study of a health pooled fund programme implemented in conflict-affected South Sudan. Evaluation and Program Planning, 77, 101725. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.101725
[4]. Hendricks, C., & Lucey, A. (2013). South Africa and South Sudan Lessons for post-conflict development and peacebuilding partnerships.
[5]. Inclusive, R. T. Governance in South Sudan

Abstract: BACKGROUND: 0-5 year children constitute the most vulnerable segment. Their mortality rate is a very sensitive indicator of the community's health and nutrition. Prevalence of underweight is 35.8%, wasting is21% and stunting 38.4% in India and for Odisha, itis 34.4%, 20.4 % and 34.1% respectively. (NFHS-4 Data) Health indices of children in non-coastal rural are worst. Child Malnutrition in non-costal rural area of Odisha leading to infection which is contributing to high child mortality. Health indices of children in non-coastal rural are worst. Child Malnutrition in non-costal rural area of Odisha leading to infection which is.....

KEYWORDS: Malnutrition, Wasting, Stunting, Underweight

[1]. NFHS-4 DATASHEET OF INDIA, AVAILABLE AT HTTP://RCHIIPS.ORG/NFHS/PDF/NFHS4/OR_FACTSHEET.
[2]. UNICEF (2014) COMMITTING TO CHILD SURVIVAL PROGRESS REPORT 2014 AVAILABLE AT HTTP://FILES.UNICEF.ORG/PUBLICATION/FILES_15SEPT14.PDF
[3]. NFHS-4 DATASHEET OF INDIA, AVAILABLE AT HTTP://RCHIIPS.ORG/NFHS/PDF/NFHS4/INDIA.PDF
[4]. GHOSH S. SHAH D NUTRITIONAL PROBLEM IN URBAN SLUM CHILDREN. INDIAN PEAEDIATR 2004:682/96
[5]. STATE OF SLUM IN INDIA, A STATISTICAL COMPENDIUM APPENDIX – 48, CENSUS 2011 (2013) BASED.

Abstract: This study demonstrated the relationship between tourism and rural development. A cross sectional survey in 30 tourists communities randomly selected across three South-South States in Nigeria was done. A checklist of tourism and rural development indicators was constructed and used for data collection. The relationship between the two constructs-tourism and rural development was analyzed and tested via the multiple correlation technique. Findings showed a robust significant positive relationship between the constructs signifying an underlying common property between them. This shared common property identified as 'Rural Development Planning' reinforces the calls for stakeholders who are interested in coming to grips with the challenge of rural development to adopt tourism as an.....

Keywords: Tourism; Rural Areas; Rural Development; South-South Nigeria; Correlation Analysis

[1]. Effiong, M. Essien, K. and Patrick I (2020). Rural Perception of Poverty Alleviation Strategy in AkwaIbom State, Journal of Environmental Design 15 (2): 99-106
[2]. Essien, A. and Imikan, A. (2018).An Investigation on Tourism Structure in South-South Nigeria.International Journal of Social Sciences 6 (1): 22-38
[3]. Essien, A. and James E. (2019). Tourism Clusters in South-South Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review, 2 (5): 13:23
[4]. Essien, A. and Udofia, P. (2019).The Importance of Government Involvement in Tourism Development in Nigeria. In: Alaci, (Ed), Functional Human Settlement in Nigeria, Jos: Fabamah Nig. Ltd.
[5]. Essien, A. U. (2016). Tourism Structure, Pattern and Socio-economic Development in South-South Nigeria. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis in the Department of Geography, University of Uyo, Nigeria