IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2021

Abstract: The review petition is a petition in which it is prayed before the Court of Law to review its order or judgment which it has already pronounced. The Court may accept a review petition when a glaring omission or patent mistake or like grave error has crept in earlier by judicial fallibility. The parties aggrieved on any order may file the review petition within 30 days of the Order passed by the Supreme Court or High Court. Furthermore, even after dismissal of a review petition, the Supreme Court may consider a curative petition in order to prevent abuse of its process and to cure gross miscarriage of justice.

KEYWORDS: Re-examination, re-consideration, Pronounced Judgment, error apparent, Stare Decisis, Fair Hearing and Trial, Constitutional Amendments, Procedure established by Law, Due Process of Law, Patent Mistake or Error, Evident per se, Palpable Error, Curative Petition, Mutual consent

[1]. Gae, R.S. "Amendment of Fundamental Rights", Journal of Indian Law Institute, Vol.9, No.4, 1967
[2]. Corwin, Edward S., A Constitution of Powers in a Secular State , The Michie Company, USA, 1951
[3]. Justice Syed Shah Mohammed Quadri, Judicial Review of Adminstrative Action, (2001) 6 SCC
[4]. M.P. Jain and S.N. Jain, Principles of Administrative Law: An Exhaustive Commentary on the Subject containing case-law reference (Indian & Foreign), 6th Ed., Wadhwa and Company Nagpur, New Delhi, 2007
[5]. Wade, Administrative Law, (1994)

Abstract: The problem of the world al! over is the issue of security. Security of life and property is Indispensable in every human society that is why there is law. But the law cannot enforce itself: it is enforced through human instrument. The essence of setting up an agency to enforce and Implement law is the need to prevent arbitrariness and to promote equity and fair play. The Nigerian police is an executive agency established by law to among others, ensure that the law as made by the Legislature are obeyed. A critical evaluation of the history of police in Nigeria, both pre and post colonial days reveal that corruption and inefficiency is the greatest challenge facing the Nigerian......

KEYWORDS: Critical Review, power, Nigeria, Police and Act

[1]. Amadi, G.O.S., Public Powers in Nigeria (Nsukka: Afro-orbis Publication Ltd., 2000)
[2]. Bohm, R. M., and Haley, K. N., Introduction to Criminal Justice (Califonia: Glancoe Graw Hill, 2002)
[3]. C.F.L Members Standard Police Studies Manual Vol. 1, Police and Law Enforcement, 2nd edition (Benin: Koda Publishers, 1982)
[4]. Dambazau A. B., Criminology and Criminal Justice, (Ibadan, Spectrum Books, 2007)
[5]. Dempsey, J. S. And Forst L.S., An Introduction to Policing third ed. (Australia: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005)

Abstract: When the word male female is used we commonly refer to biological differences but when we use the term gender we are going beyond biological or anatomical difference between these two sexes to their socially constituted roles and status. Everybody has equal rights to survival, protection, development and participation. In the Jammu and Kashmir state though the discrimination in access to education still exists, too many females of Jammu and Kashmir are illiterate and literacy rate is very low and stands at 58.01% only as per the 2011 census and 68.05 as per NSSO Survey 2017-18. People from Jammu and Kashmir were highly conservative towards women education and empowerment. The role of women in the society remained restricted to domestic affairs.....

[1]. Women and Children, Sociological Perspective from Jammu & Kashmir, by Dr. Ghulam Nabi too, Gender Discrimination in Kashmir by Bashir Ahmed Dabla.
[2]. Health Review, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of J&K
[3]. Population data: Census of India 2011
[4]. www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_results_paper1_india.html
[5]. 5.www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/Census_Data_Finde r.aspx

Abstract: Ethiopia, which was one of world civilizations and antiquities, has gone through a number of evolutionary processes in its modern state formation and political architecture. Nevertheless, the long existence of state and government from a distance past has not guaranteed for the existence of democracy, strong institutions and stability in the country till today. This short piece tries to critically analyze the trajectories of political development of Ethiopia since the inception of ethnic-based federal system. It tries to justify why the country is still in a vicious cycle of political turmoil and conflict that has claimed the lives of thousands and adversely affected the socio-economic and political aspects of the state. This study mostly used secondary sources drawn from books, journal articles, newspapers.....

KEY WORDS: federalism, Ethnic federalism, unity in diversity, political transition

[1]. Aalen, Lovise (2002) Ethnic Federalism in a Dominant Party State: The Ethiopian Experience 1991-2000, Bergen: Chr. Michelson Institute.
[2]. Aalen, Lovise (2006) Ethnic Federalism and Self-Determination for Nationalities in a Semi-Authoritarian State: the Case of Ethiopia, International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, 13.
[3]. Abbink, J. (2006) Ethnicity and Conflict Generation in Ethiopia: Some Problems and Prospects of Ethno-Regional Federalism, Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 24:3, 389-413, DOI: 10.1080/02589000600976729
[4]. Emnet Assefa (2013) Nations, Nationalities and People's Day: A chance to do away with the late PM Meles's dangerous vision of ethnic federalism, Addis Standard Magazine
[5]. Gedion T Hessebon (2013) The Precarious Future of the Ethiopian Constitution, Journal of African Law, Volume 57, Issue 2. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021855313000090

Abstract: Crime is a phenomenon that has increased significantly in our country at least in the last decade, conceptually Martínez (2012) conceives it as a set of acts against the law, typified by it and deserving of punishment by the law. society. For the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI, 2017) crime violates the freedoms and fundamental rights of people, generating conditions that can affect the individual physically, mentally, emotionally and economically, both individually and as a whole. The crime, on the other hand, involves conduct that is contrary to the legal precepts and that its act injures the person, institution and society. For the Mexican Institute for Competitiveness, (IMCO, 2020) the crime is the typical unlawful and guilty conduct, action or omission to which one or more sanctions provided for in the Penal Code correspond....

Key Word: Business, Victimization, Criminal behavior

[1]. Fattah, E. (2014). Victimología: pasado, presente y futuro. Revista electrónica de ciencia penal y criminología, 2(16), 19.
[2]. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). (2017, abril). Características de la victimización y victimización múltiple de la población en México, 2010-2015. En números. Documentos de análisis y estadísticas, 1–9, 84. Recuperado de http://www.cdeunodc.inegi.org.mx/unodc/wp-includes/js/doc/victimización en números s.pdf
[3]. Perdomo, C. V., & Fondevila, G. (2018). La victimización de las empresas en México. Gestión y Política Pública, 2, 501–540.
[4]. Perez Najera, C. (2012). La victimizacion de acuerdo a los contextos espaciales de ocurrencia. Revista Caribeña de Ciencias Sociales, (Oct.), 10 p. Recuperado de http://caribeña.eumed.net/wp-content/uploads/victimizacion.pdf

Abstract: This study aimed atexploring the effect of using an interactive whiteboard on improving the writing skill of students with learning disabilities and their attitudes towards it. The researcher prepared a test in writing skills including seven questions distributed on seven criteria, and an attitude scale consisting of (20) itemsbased ontriple Likert scale. The study sample consisted of (50) male and female studentsin two sections, during(2018/2019) academic year, first semester, chosen by purposive method. one of the sections was chosen randomly as an experimental group , (25) male and female students (12 male and 13 female students) taught using the interactive whiteboard, and the second section as a control group (25) male and female students (12 male and female students)......

Key words: interactive whiteboard, writing skill, attitudes, learning disabilities

[1]. Dahlan, Omar (2014). The effect of using the smart board on academic achievement and the retention of the learning effect among students. The seventh basic grade in the Arabic and their attitudes towards it. Al-Manara Magazine, Al-Aqsa University, Palestine, 20, (2 / b). 141- 163
[2]. Rashid, Adnan (2002). The psychology of children with learning disabilities (slow learners). Amman: Wael Publishing House
[3]. Salem, Ahmad (2004). Education and e-learning technology. Riyadh: Al-Rashed Library
[4]. Saraya, Adel (2009). Technology of Education and E-Learning Resources: Theoretical Concepts and Practical Applications, Part Two. Riyadh: Al-Rashed Library.
[5]. Al Saed, Al Saed , (2003). Learning difficulties and visual perception - diagnosis and treatment. Cairo: darelfikrelarabi

Abstract: The paper examined the Nigerian State and electoral violence, particularly the violence that emanated from the recently concluded 2019 presidential general election in Nigeria. Election is a key criterion for democracy and good governance to flourish in any democratic state. It allows the electorates the freedom to choose or elect candidates that will fill governmental positions in the state in a free, fair, credible and peaceful atmosphere. Unfortunately, post-colonial Nigeria has neither conducted a credible nor peaceful election. Nigerian elections have always been characterized by hate speeches, media war among contenders, politically motivated killings and assassinations, intimidations, victimizations, hijack of electoral materials, destruction of campaign billboards and property.....

Keyword: Elections, Electoral Violence, Nigerian State, Poverty, Marxist theory.

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[3]. Ake C. (1981). Political economy of Africa. London, Longman Nigeria Plc Essex.
[4]. Ake C. (1996). Democracy and development in Africa. Ibadan, spectrum books limited.
[5]. Alapiki H.E. (2004). Politics and governance in Nigeria. Port Harcourt, Amethyst and Colleagues Publishers.